Name __________________________________
Period _________
Ms. Foglia
Date ______________________
LAB 7: GENETICS OF ORGANISMS— VIRTUAL FLY LAB
For your assigned set of traits, go to the Virtual Fly Web site (www.biologylabsonline.com) and
use the tools there to determine the genetics of the 4 traits assigned to you (recessive,
dominant, X-linked, lethal, etc.). You will also need to determine the genetic relationships
between the 4 traits (epistasis, linkage, etc.).
Be sure to develop Punnett squares as hypotheses before you complete crosses and Chisquare analyses. Print out the lab notebook pages from Virtual Fly for each of your crosses and
complete the summary questions as your final lab write-up.
No.
Student Name
Trait 1
Trait 2
Trait 3
Trait 4
1
AP
L
Y
AR
2
BL
VG
W
CY
3
BW
L
T
D
4
C
AP
SN
SB
5
DP
VG
SD
ST
6
E
SS
S
ST
7
PR
L
M
SB
8
RI
VG
F
D
9
SE
AP
CV
CY
10
SS
L
Y
AR
11
SV
EY
B
AR
12
VG
L
W
CY
13
AP
L
T
D
14
EY
SE
SN
SB
15
VG
L
SD
ST
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Name __________________________________
DROSOPHILA MUTATIONS
Abbreviation
AP
AR
B
BL
BW
C
CV
CY
D
E
EY
DP
F
L
M
PR
RI
S
SB
SD
SE
SN
SS
ST
SV
T
VG
W
Y
Mutant Phenotype
Apterous Wings
Aristapedia Antennae
Bar Eyes
Black Body
Brown Eyes
Curved Wings
Crossveinless Wings
Curly Wings
Dichaete Wings
Ebony Body
Eyeless Eyes
Dumpy Wings
Forked Bristles
Lobe Eyes
Miniature Wings
Purple Eyes
Radius Incompletus Wings
Sable Body
Stubble Bristles
Scalloped Wings
Sepia Eyes
Singed Bristles
Spineless Bristles
Star Eyes
Shaven Bristles
Tan Body
Vestigial Wings
White Eyes
Yellow Body
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Adapted by Kim B. Foglia • http://bio.kimunity.com • 2004-2005
Ms. Foglia
Name __________________________________
Period _________
Ms. Foglia
Date ______________________
For each of your assigned fly traits, complete the following statements or answer the question.
1. Trait 1
a. The symbol and name of the trait is __________________________________________
b. Draw your proposed Punnett square for the
Parental cross generating the F1 offspring
c. Is the trait X-linked or autosomal? ___________________________________________
d. Is the trait dominant or recessive? ___________________________________________
e. Is the trait lethal or nonlethal? ______________________________________________
f.
Which cross provided the data
supporting your hypothesis?
X
g. Draw the Punnett square for that cross.
h. List the data generated by Virtual Fly for that cross.
Phenotype
Numbers
Ratio
TOTAL
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Name __________________________________
Ms. Foglia
2. Trait 2
a. The symbol and name of the trait is __________________________________________
b. Draw your proposed Punnett square for the
Parental cross generating the F1 offspring
c. Is the trait X-linked or autosomal? ___________________________________________
d. Is the trait dominant or recessive? ___________________________________________
e. Is the trait lethal or nonlethal? ______________________________________________
f.
Which cross provided the data
supporting your hypothesis?
X
g. Draw the Punnett square for that cross.
h. List the data generated by Virtual Fly for that cross.
Phenotype
Numbers
TOTAL
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Adapted by Kim B. Foglia • http://bio.kimunity.com • 2004-2005
Ratio
Name __________________________________
Ms. Foglia
3. Trait 3
a. The symbol and name of the trait is __________________________________________
b. Draw your proposed Punnett square for the
Parental cross generating the F1 offspring
c. Is the trait X-linked or autosomal? ___________________________________________
d. Is the trait dominant or recessive? ___________________________________________
e. Is the trait lethal or nonlethal? ______________________________________________
f.
Which cross provided the data
supporting your hypothesis?
X
g. Draw the Punnett square for that cross.
h. List the data generated by Virtual Fly for that cross.
Phenotype
Numbers
TOTAL
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Adapted by Kim B. Foglia • http://bio.kimunity.com • 2004-2005
Ratio
Name __________________________________
Ms. Foglia
4. Trait 4
a. The symbol and name of the trait is __________________________________________
b. Draw your proposed Punnett square for the
Parental cross generating the F1 offspring
c. Is the trait X-linked or autosomal? ___________________________________________
d. Is the trait dominant or recessive? ___________________________________________
e. Is the trait lethal or nonlethal? ______________________________________________
f.
Which cross provided the data
supporting your hypothesis?
X
g. Draw the Punnett square for that cross.
h. List the data generated by Virtual Fly for that cross.
Phenotype
Numbers
TOTAL
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Adapted by Kim B. Foglia • http://bio.kimunity.com • 2004-2005
Ratio
Name __________________________________
Ms. Foglia
5. Multiple Gene Interactions
For each of the autosomal traits, design crosses that will determine how the traits work in
combination. Through dihybrid crosses, you will be able to determine epistasis, independent
assortment, gene linkage, recombinant frequency, and map units.
Caveat: You cannot do this without first setting up a proposed Punnett square as your
hypothesis and then testing your hypothesis by making that cross in Virtual Fly. You can only
draw conclusions by comparing your hypothesized results (the expected Punnett square) to the
observed results in Virtual Fly.
You must present “expected” Punnett squares for all your crosses and compare them to
“observed” data generated by Virtual Fly.
Here is a suggested plan of action modeled the sample fly cross on p. 265 in 5th edition of the
Campbell textbook:
•
Make a P generation cross that will create a dihybrid F2 generation. You must
place both mutations on the female fly. (This is a constraint of both Virtual Fly
software and actual fly genetics.)
•
Then make a “test cross” with your F2 fly.
•
Compare the “observed” data generated by Virtual Fly to the “expected” Punnett
square data generated by you.
1. Which of the traits are linked?__________________________________________________
2. How do you know they are linked? _____________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
3. Determine the crossing over frequency and complete the Summary Chart.
4. Determine the map units and complete the Summary Chart.
5. Which of the traits are independent? ____________________________________________
6. How do you know they are independent? ________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
7. List any traits which exhibit epistatic properties and list which traits they mask.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
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Adapted by Kim B. Foglia • http://bio.kimunity.com • 2004-2005
Name __________________________________
Period _________
Ms. Foglia
Date ______________________
FLY LAB SUMMARY
For each of your assigned fly traits, complete the following chart to summarize your findings on the
genetic mechanisms that control their inheritance.
Abbr
Mutant Phenotype
DOM/rec
X-linked
Lethal
Epistatic
For your investigation of multiple gene interactions, complete the following charts to summarize
your findings.
Abbr
Mutant Phenotype
Linkage
X-over
frequency
M.U.
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