Data Protection Module 8 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved You Are Here Course Introduction Data Protection Introduction to Virtualization Access and Authentication Control Creating Virtual Machines Resource Management and Monitoring VMware vCenter Server High Availability and Fault Tolerance Configuring and Managing Virtual Networks Host Scalability Configuring and Managing vSphere Storage Patch Management Virtual Machine Management Installing VMware vSphere Components VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-2 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Importance Over time, your VMware vSphere® environment might undergo changes to its hardware or software configuration. In addition, application data goes through constant change. From a manageability perspective, making regular backups of your vSphere environment is important. Backing up virtual machines requires strategies that leverage virtualization architecture to perform highly efficient backups. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-3 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Learner Objectives After this module, you should be able to do the following: Describe the problems when using traditional backup in virtual infrastructure. Describe solutions for backing up and restoring virtual machines that use virtual infrastructure. Discuss technologies that make virtual machine backup and restore operations faster and easier. Describe how to back up and restore a virtual machine. Describe how to back up and restore VMware® vCenter Server™. Discuss a strategy for backing up and restoring a VMware vSphere® ESXi™ host’s configuration data. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-4 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Traditional Backup Method physical server physical server backup agent backup server (uses nearly 100 percent of server resources during backup) operating system operating system x86 architecture x86 architecture network connection backup to tape or disk VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A data to back up 8-5 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Backup Challenges in Virtualized Environments traditional backup method backup server VMware vSphere Excessive physical resource use generated by each virtual machine. Backup agents installed in virtual machines monopolize host CPU resources during backups, which results in less CPU resource for other virtual machines running on that ESXi host. I/O resources like network and storage are also saturated with read and write operations during backup. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-6 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Virtual Architecture Advantages No backup agent installation is required. Use of virtual machine snapshot functions is enabled. Backup processing is offloaded from ESXi hosts to a backup server. Virtual machines see the same virtual hardware. Virtual disks can be thin-provisioned. Faster backup and recovery times are enabled through the use of changed block tracking and data deduplication. A single backup image can be created. Both image-level and file-level restoration can be performed. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-7 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved vSphere Storage APIs – Data Protection VMware vSphere® Storage APIs − Data Protection (VADP): Enables backup and recovery of entire virtual machine images across SAN storage or local area networks Is an API that is directly integrated with backup tools from third-party vendors Enables you to remove load from the host and consolidate backup load onto a central backup server Protects virtual machines that use any type of storage supported by ESXi (Fibre Channel, iSCSI, NAS, or local storage) VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-8 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Offloaded Backup Processing backup server VMware vSphere mount virtual disks to backup server tape disk Configure the storage environment so that the backup server can access the storage volumes that are managed by the ESXi hosts. Backup processing is offloaded from the ESXi host to the backup server, which prevents local ESXi resources from becoming overloaded. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-9 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Changed Block Tracking virtual machine H/W version 9 ctkEnabled=true scsi0:0.ctkEnabled=true scsi1:0.ctkEnabled=true virtual machine H/W version 7 ctkEnabled=true scsi0:0.ctkEnabled=true -ctk.vmdk -ctk.vmdk -ctk.vmdk Copy only file blocks that have changed since the last backup. Changed block tracking enables faster incremental backups and near-continuous data protection. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-10 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Data Deduplication storage array backup 1 backup 2 backup 3 unique file blocks Data deduplication has the following characteristics: Does not store twice those blocks with the same information as a previous backup Reduces 12 file blocks to 4 unique file blocks Saves storage capacity Provides faster backup performance VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-11 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VMware vSphere Data Protection Easy, disk-based backup and recovery solution for virtual machines: Pre-configured virtual machine appliance Agent-less, web-based backup and recovery management Patented de-duplication technology Entire virtual machine and file-level restores Included with all versions of VMware vSphere (except Essentials) VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-12 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved vSphere Data Protection Details Scalability (maximums): 100 virtual machines per VDP appliance 10 appliances per vCenter Server 2 TB of deduplicated storage • Appliances deployed with .5 TB, 1 TB, or 2 TB Efficient backup mechanism: vSphere API for Data Protection (VADP) Changed Block Tracking (CBT) Variable-length segment size Deduplication across all virtual machines performed in VDP appliance SCSI hot add, which avoids copying entire .vmdk across network VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-13 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved vSphere Data Protection Key Components vSphere Virtual Machine Appliance: Linux virtual machine .ova package Easy, fast deployment vSphere vSphere Infrastructure: Changed Block Tracking VSS in VMware Tools Appliance Storage Sizes: .5 TB 1 TB 2TB vCenter Server VMware vSphere® Web Client VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A vCenter Integration: Manage through Web client 8-14 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VDP Architecture vCenter Server vSphere Data Protection VDP Appliance 4 vCPUs, 4 GB RAM 850GB, 1.6 TB or 3.1 TB SLES 11 64-bit vCenter Server 5.1 vSphere vSphere 4.0 or higher vSphere Web Client Deduplication Store (.vmdk files) VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-15 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VDP Deployment and Configuration After installation, VDP-configure is in “maintenance mode”: Status - Services and logs Configuration - Network, vCenter, and system settings Rollback - Roll back repository of backups (more on this later) Upgrade - Upgrade VDP appliance VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-16 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Virtual Machine Backup Select objects containers (data center, folder, clusters, and so on) and individual virtual machines VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-17 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Restoring a Virtual Machine VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-18 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved File Level Restore (FLR) Restore individual files from backup: VMware vSphere® Data Protection™ Restore Client: • http://<VDP ip address>:8580/flr VMware® Tools™ must be installed. Windows NTFS and Linux LVM, Ext 2, Ext 3 are supported (basic disks). View all restore points or filter by date VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-19 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved VDP Reporting - User Interface VDP appliance capacity Success and failures at a glance List of virtual machines, Backup Jobs, and so on, with the ability to filter Details for object VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-20 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Backing Up vCenter Server Choose a complementary backup solution that matches your vCenter Server deployment. Perform a full backup of your vCenter Server system. Before starting backups, stop these services: VMware vCenter Server VMware VCMSDS (the Active Directory Application Mode database) Database service (SQL, Oracle, DB2) Back up the vCenter Server database, using recommended practices provided by the database vendor. Back up the SSL certificates. Back up the vpxd.cfg file. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-21 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Backing Up ESXi Host Configuration Data Always back up your host configuration after installation, after changing the configuration, and after upgrading the host. ESXi configuration: Use the vicfg-cfgbackup command. • • This command backs up and restores the host’s configuration. Run the command from VMware vSphere® Command-Line Interface. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-22 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Review of Learner Objectives You should be able to do the following: Describe the problems when using traditional backup in virtual infrastructure. Describe solutions for backing up and restoring virtual machines that use virtual infrastructure. Discuss technologies that make virtual machine backup and restore operations faster and easier. Describe how to back up and restore a virtual machine. Describe how to back up and restore vCenter Server. Discuss a strategy for backing up and restoring an ESXi host’s configuration data. VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-23 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Key Points When you plan your backup strategy for virtual machines, be aware of the various techniques that complement virtual infrastructures. Data Recovery is an agentless, 64-bit, Linux-based virtual appliance used for backing up and recovering virtual machines. Data Recovery uses deduplication store technology to make efficient use of the backup storage. Data can be restored per virtual machine, per virtual disk, or per file. Questions? VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A 8-24 © 2012 VMware Inc. All rights reserved