DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
Study Guide
1.
Know the following vocabulary words and definitions.
A.
Adenine
B.
Cytosine
C.
Guanine
D.
Genome
E.
Deoxyribose
F.
Uracil
G.
Nucleotide
H.
Thymine
I.
Anticodon
J.
Codon
K.
Double helix
L.
Peptide bond
M.
Ribosomes
N.
Purines

O.
Pyrimidines
P.
DNA polymerase
Q.
Replication fork
2.
What did Griffith observe in his transformation experiments?
3.
What was the conclusion formed from Avery’s experiments?
4.
What type of bond holds nucleotides to each other?
5.
What type of bond holds two chains of DNA molecules together?
6.
What is the result of DNA replication?
7.
What is the name of the process that makes mRNA?
8.
What types of bases are linked together by the complementary base pair rules?
9.
How is damaged DNA repaired?
10.
Where (in the cell) does replication occur?
11.
Where (in the cell) does transcription occur?
12.
Where (in the cell) does translation/protein synthesis occur?

13.
Given the strand of DNA: TAC GGG ACA TTT
Replicate the DNA strand:
Transcribe the DNA strand to mRNA:
Write the tRNA anticodon
List the amino acids
14.
Where are codons found? Anticodons found?
15.
Name the enzyme that unzips DNA before replication.
16.
What is the name of the process that makes new DNA?
17.
What is the job of tRNA?
18.
Name the type of bond that holds two nitrogenous bases together.
19.
Recognize the parts of DNA and a molecule of tRNA.
20.
Name the start and stop codons that are used in protein synthesis.
21.
Name the amino acid that is represented by the codon AUG or start codon.
22.
How does DNA differ from RNA?