Final Design Paper
Automated Beverage Dispenser
ECE 4007 Senior Design Project
Section L04, Keezer
Mike Fojas
Katrina Kumm
Nick Migliaccio
Mark Peterson
Nick White
Submitted
April 30, 2009
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Executive Summary.................................................................................................................iv
1. Introduction......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Objective......................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Motivation....................................................................................................................... 2
1.3 Background..................................................................................................................... 2
2. Project Description and Goals ............................................................................................ 3
3. Technical Specifications...................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Hardware......................................................................................................................... 5
3.2 Software.......................................................................................................................... 5
4. Design Approach and Details ............................................................................................. 6
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.3
Design Approach............................................................................................................ 6
Design Details ................................................................................................................ 9
Codes and Standards .................................................................................................... 16
Constraints, Alternatives, and Tradeoffs ....................................................................... 17
5. Schedule, Tasks, and Milestones....................................................................................... 17
6. Project Demonstration ...................................................................................................... 19
7. Marketing and Cost Analysis ........................................................................................... 19
7.1
7.2
Marketing Analysis ...................................................................................................... 19
Cost Analysis ............................................................................................................... 20
8. Summary ........................................................................................................................... 22
9. References.......................................................................................................................... 23
Appendix A ............................................................................................................................. 25
Appendix B.............................................................................................................................. 27
Appendix C ............................................................................................................................. 28
Appendix D ............................................................................................................................. 29
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Appendix E.............................................................................................................................. 30
Appendix F.............................................................................................................................. 31
Appendix G ............................................................................................................................. 32
Appendix H ............................................................................................................................. 33
Appendix I............................................................................................................................... 34
Appendix J .............................................................................................................................. 35
Appendix K ............................................................................................................................. 36
Appendix L.............................................................................................................................. 37
Appendix M............................................................................................................................. 38
Appendix N ............................................................................................................................. 39
Appendix O ............................................................................................................................. 40
Appendix P.............................................................................................................................. 41
Appendix Q ............................................................................................................................. 42
Appendix R ............................................................................................................................. 55
Appendix S .............................................................................................................................. 56
Appendix T.............................................................................................................................. 57
Appendix U ............................................................................................................................. 58
Appendix V ............................................................................................................................. 59
Appendix W ............................................................................................................................ 60
Appendix X ............................................................................................................................. 61
Appendix Y ............................................................................................................................. 62
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Automated Beverage Dispenser (ABD) is a machine that allows restaurants and bars
to cost-effectively and efficiently dispense mixed drinks for their customers without additional
personnel. A touch screen computer allows the user, a waiter or bartender, to input a desired
drink and the ABD will dispense the specified amounts of liquid that make up the drink recipe.
Using the device will allow waiters or bartenders to remotely places and fill orders without
directly measuring and pouring the liquids. The machine helps with liquid and cost control by
dispensing precise amounts of the liquids. Also, the ABD controls employee cost by allowing
current staff to place orders without additional bartenders working.
The ABD consists of a touch screen programmable logic computer (PLC), an I/O block, a
relay control circuit board, power supply, receptacles, pumps solenoid valves and coils, and
liquid containers. The PLC sends control signals to the I/O block. From there, the control signals
are dispersed to the relay circuit board to power the outlets and the solenoid valves to open them.
The relay board and the outlets where the simplest way to control and AC powered pump with a
DC control signal. The pumps and coils turn on and open in synchronous to dispense the
specified amounts of liquids. The PLC, I/O block, power supply, and relay circuit board are
contained in one housing unit. On the side of the control housing unit, the receptacles are
mounted. The pumps, valves, coils and liquid containers are in another housing unit. The two are
connected by a bundle of control wires.
The unit will cost approximately $3,000 base price. The outcome at the end of the
specified design period was a working prototype.
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AUTOMATED BEVERAGE DISPENSER
1.
INTRODUCTION
Restaurant and bar businesses are always looking for ways to reduce cost and increase
efficiency. One way to achieve both is to reduce human error and human cost. The Automated
Beverage Dispenser (ABD) is a product that can assist chain restaurants and bars to achieve both
efficiency and cost effectiveness when dispensing drinks.
The ABD design provides restaurants and bars with a machine that will precisely
dispense mixed drinks also while reducing the required human labor to perform it.
1.1 Objective
The purpose of the ABD is to expedite the mixing and serving of drinks at restaurants and
bars. The ABD was engineered with three main systems in consideration: the control system, the
dispensing system and the memory allocation system. The control system consists of the
programmable logic computer (PLC), the I/O block, relay circuit and the receptacles. The
dispensing system consists of the pumps, solenoid coils, valves, and the liquid containers.
Finally, the memory allocation system consists of the PLC, and the software designed with
Automation Studio. All of these components together allow a user to make a mixed drink
without ever touching a bottle.
The product size is approximately 1’L x 1.5’H x 2’W allowing the unit to fit easily under
the bar. The allocated memory can hold up to 20 recipes. Each recipe is allowed a maximum of
five different ingredients, which is the total number of liquid containers in the dispensing unit.
Each container can hold up to 64 ounces of fluid. The dispensing rate for each pump is 0.85
ounces per second, allowing a 12 ounce drink to be made in 14.04 seconds. The accuracy of the
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desired amount compared to the actual amount is +/- 2%. All of the technical specifications
determined during the design process were met and even exceeded.
1.2 Motivation
In most restaurants that contain bars, the bartenders are responsible for filling
orders of not only the customers at the bar, but also those seated elsewhere in the restaurant. On
nights that the restaurant is very busy, the only current solution is to hire more staff to assist the
bartender in making drinks. No commercially available product exists to automatically mix,
dispense, and serve drinks. However, products do exist to automatically mix drinks, such as the
Computerized Liquor Control System (CLCS) by Easybar [1]. The CLCS looks similar to a soda
gun and mixes correctly proportional drinks at the touch of a button. However, unlike the ABD,
it only mixes the drinks it does not dispense or serve it without the bartender’s involvement.
Also, because the bartender dispenses the drink, he can give a customer a 12 ounce drink for the
6 ounce price or give it for free.
The ABD would allow the waiters or bartender to input the ordered drink and serve it
without having to mix and pour the required liquids. Also, the ABD assists in liquid control by
dispensing the precise amounts and portions of the liquids. By controlling the liquid dispensing,
product costs are reduced, allowing the restaurant to increase cost to profit ratios on each drink
sold. Also, labor costs are reduced because the extra employees are not required.
1.3 Background
Although there are no products currently commercially available that have all the features
of the ABD, there are several products similar to it. One example is the I-Matic Dispenser
series by Auper [2]. Auper is a electronic controls company out of Montreal, Canada. Auper
specializes in electronic controls specifically for alcoholic beverages. The I-Matic series
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dispenses portioned amounts of beer or wine with a touch of a button. The bartender pushes
the pour size of his or her choice. The glass then fills to the specified amount. The I-Matic
allows for beer or wine to be poured hands free while allowing the bartender to increase
service speed.
As mentioned previously, the CLCS is quite similar to the ABD. Easybar is a company
that specializes in beverage management systems. They are located in Tualatin, Oregon. The
CLCS looks similar to a soda gun. Each gun allows up to 16 different recipes or single
liquids to be programmed into the system’s control center. Each recipe is allowed to have up
to five ingredients. The main system control center can control up to a total of 128 brands of
liquor and multiple guns. Like the I-Matic system, only the bartenders can dispense the
drinks and are still responsible for the entire restaurant or bar.
2.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND GOALS
The goal of the ABD project is to completely automate the process of beverage mixing
and dispensing. The target market for the ABD will be restaurants and bars because no
commercial product is currently available with all the features. The target price is $4,000, so it
becomes a reasonable investment for the overall cost reduction and increase in efficiency. The
ABD is made up of three separate systems; the memory allocation system, the controller, and the
dispenser. Each system has its own objective and target specifications.
Controller
The controller was engineered with the following goals:

Easy-to-use interface with touch screen and menu system

Display drink list

Display recipe list
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
Display recipe details

Help menu

Home screen

Configuration and setup assistance of unit
Dispenser
The dispenser was engineered with the following goals:

Make a drink with user-defined recipe

Control amount of dispensed liquids

Keep track of levels of liquids and alert when running low
Memory Allocation
The memory allocation system was engineered with the following goals:

Add or remove an available liquid in the memory

Add or remove recipe in the memory

Change the contents of a recipe in the memory
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3.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 Software
Table 1. Proposed Versus Implemented Software Features
Attribute / Feature
Touch Screen Navigated User Interface
Database of Recipes and Liquids
Statically Allocated Memory of Recipes and Liquids
Add / Remove / Modify Liquids by Manipulating
Statically Allocated Memory
Add / Remove / Modify Recipes by Manipulating
Statically Allocated Memory
Help Menu
Home Screen
Display Recipes / Liquids List
Display Recipe / Liquid Details (picture, rating, etc.)
Navigation Buttons (home, next, back, etc.)
Configuration / Setup Menu
Visual Liquid Level Reading in Setup Menu
Software-Controller I/O Signals
Make Recipe Button / Menu
Proposed
Feature
X
X
Implemented
Feature
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Appendix A contains further information about software features described in Table 1.
The vast majority of proposed software features were implemented; however, a dynamically
allocated database was not used to manage recipes and liquids. Instead, memory was allocated
statically for a set number of recipes and liquids.
3.2 Hardware
The hardware system is divided into two separate units: a dispensing unit and a control
unit. The dispensing unit contains the fluid pumps, coils, valves, and liquid containers. The
control unit is separate from the dispensing unit, and houses the B&R Power Panel, relay board,
B&R I/O Module, and receptacles and 24 VDC power supply. This design allows as much of
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the electrical portion of the machine to be positioned far away from the fluids. The technical
capabilities are shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Automated Beverage Dispenser technical specifications.
Description
Recipes
Ingredients Per Recipe
Ingredients (Liquids)
Dispensing Rate
Container Capacity
Dispensing Accuracy
Concurrent Liquid
Dispensing
Maximum Drink Size for
a Single Recipe
Minimum Drink Size
Time to Dispense 12 oz
Drink
Power Requirements
(PLC, I/O, Valves)
Power Requirements for
Pumps
Ranges - Actual
20
5
5
0.85 oz/sec
64 oz
+/- 2 %
Ranges - Proposed
100
5
5
0.4 oz/sec
64 oz
+/- 10 %
Up to 2 liquids
Up to 5 liquids
320 oz (64 oz x 5 liquids)
320 oz (64 oz x 5 liquids)
0.009 oz
0.009 oz
14.04 sec
30 sec
24VDC @ 11.7 A (minimum) for
5 liquid dispensing pumps
24VDC @ 4.5 A for 5
liquid dispensing pumps
24VDC @ 3 A for each
pump
120VAC @ 2.5 A for 5 pumps
4.
4.1
DESIGN APPROACH AND DETAILS
Design Approach
While designing the ABD, few major changes were made. The first major change was
how to allocate the recipe and liquid information. The proposed design was to use a dynamically
allocated database to manage all of the recipes and liquids. However, it was more efficient and
easier to maintain using statically allocated memory. The PLC has programmable and removable
memory with it. Also, in the future, a commercial product would be easier to update using a flash
card or drive instead of a dynamic database.
The second major change was the pumps being used. After a long selection process,
pumps supplied by Alcohol Controls Inc. were order. These pumps were designed specifically
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for controlling the flow of liquids. Unfortunately, Alcohol Controls’ supplier is located in
Canada. The pumps were stopped in customs. Due to time constraints, the order was cancelled
and new pumps were obtained. The actual pump used was an aquarium water pump made by
AquaClear. Since the pump was made to be plugged into a wall, additional equipment was
required to implement our design. A relay control circuit was designed to allow the DC control
signal from the I/O block to control and AC pump. Also, it was submersible so no valve was
present to control the flow of water. Solenoid valves and coils were purchased to control the
backflow of the liquids.
Control System
Touch Screen Programmable Logic Computer
Using a touch screen computer to control the ABD allows easy access and saves on space
by not having a keyboard. A programmable logic computer provides a user interface to control
equipment with minimal human interaction. A touch screen PLC is the most efficient way for the
user to automatically control the equipment of the ABD. A company called B&R Industrial
Automations supplied the touch screen PLC that was used. The computer can be easily
interfaced with the Input/Output controller also supplied by B&R Industrial Automations.
Input/Output Modules
An input/output module is used in conjunction with the touch screen PLC to use the
user’s input to control the ABD output. Also, the I/O module can be used to gather information
about the ABD by reading the outputs of sensors, such as temperature sensors and level sensors.
B&R Industrial Automations also supplied the I/O module that communicates with the PLC,
liquid dispenser system and the relay circuit. Finally, an Ethernet Powerlink platform was used in
conjunction with the I/O module to make it remote. The Ethernet Powerlink allows the I/O
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module to be remotely controlled by the PLC. Designing the I/O controller to be remote allows
the ABD to be installed in or near the bar while the PLC can be placed anywhere in the
restaurant [3]. Also, the modules can operate ten times the speed of current Fast Ethernet
protocols [4].
Dispenser System
The dispenser system is an important part in the design of the ABD. Although the control
system does most of the work, the dispenser system moves the liquids from the containers to the
glass. It is important that pumps have a consistent flow rate to accurately dispense the liquids the
AquaClear pumps used allowed for easy measurement and calibration of the flow rate with the
software. Once the flow rate was determined, the software could be programmed to determine
the amount of time the pumps needed to be on for the specific amount of liquid in the recipe.
Once the pumps were stopped, all liquid flow needed to stop as well. The solenoid valves and
coils immediately stop all liquid from flowing. Also, the liquid in the tubing was stopped from
flowing out as well.
Allocated Memory System
The PLC used in the design of the control system was also used for the allocated memory
system. The PLC supports a flash memory card. The memory card allows for all programming
software to be downloaded onto it either through Ethernet or directly from a computer. The flash
memory also allows for recipe and liquid information to be changed directly from the PLC when
the design program is running.
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4.2 Design Details
Figure 1. Wiring diagram for electrical controls of the ABD.
Control System
The B&R Power Panel (4PP220.1043-75) is the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
that controls the flow rate of each dispensing pump on the machine. To accomplish this task,
the PLC uses an X20 digital output module. The X20 system is modular and expandable, which
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allows the system the versatility to control as many pumps and valves as are required by a
particular customer.
Figure 2. X20BR9300 bus receiver module made by B&R Industrial Automations.
To further achieve the accuracy requirements for this machine, the digital output module
also controls the valves. This is connected to the PLC using an X2X Link, a proprietary 3-wire
interface protocol capable of real time operation, which means that there is a predictable time
between inputs to a system and the desired outputs. Using a real time operating system,
VXWorks, the PLC is able to open and close a valve with a minimum resolution of 10 ms.
Through experimentation, it was determined that the pumps flow fluid at a rate of 0.85 ounces
per second, leading to a minimum dispensing resolution of 0.009 ounces.
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Figure 3. X20DO9322 12x Digital Output Module
Figure 4 is the circuit schematic for the relay controls. A larger version is referenced in
Appendix B. Each relay is connected to the voltage regulator, which regulates the voltage
coming in from the 24 VDC power supply to 5 VDC, the rated voltage for the relays. Each relay
is then connected to a 2N4148 switching transistor. Also, the relay has120 VAC coming into its
input pin. The 120 VAC is supplied by a connection from the wall. When the relay switches
open, the 120 VAC will be the output voltage. The transistor’s input voltage is coming from the
I/O block output controlling the designated pump. When the I/O block sends a signal through the
transistor, turning it on, the normally closed relay switch opens. Each relay’s outlet pin is
connected to a standard NEMA 5-15 receptacle. Each receptacle has one pump plugged into it.
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Figure 4. PSpice circuit schematic for the switching relay circuit.
Figure 5 illustrates the logic flow of the software. The proposed logic flow and the
implemented logic flow can be found in Appendices C and D, respectively. At each interface
screen, such as the Main Menu, the user can select various options in the form of buttons. The
appropriate controller signals and their directionality are shown as well. Each interface screen is
represented by a rectangular box, button choices by octagons, and I/O signals by diamonds.
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Help
Home
Add Liquid Add Recipe
Button
Button
View
Liquids
Button
View
Recipes
Button
Setup
Button
View
Liquid
List
View
Recipe
List
Add
Recipe
Setup
Liquid
Selected
Recipe
Selected
*
Help
Layer
*
Located
on
every
screen
Off
Confirm
Shutdown
Shutdown
Screen
Add
Liquid
Confirm
Delete
Save
*
Home
Button
Confirm
Delete
Save
Edit
Edit
View
Liquid
Delete
Back
*
Welcome
/
Startup
View
Recipe
Next
Delete
Back
Next
Make
Signals
To
Controller
Figure 5. Logic flow of the software.
Figure 6 is an example user interface screen. Specifically, the Home Screen interface is
shown. From the Home Screen, users can perform every major function. Note that Appendices
E through O contain all interface screens and documentation.
Note: This information
can be found in real time by toggling ‘ ?’ on
the interface .
PROJ .. ABD
DWN.
28 Apr 09 / M . Peterson
Peterson
Automated Beverage Dispenser
Figure 6. Example of one of the user interface screens.
ENGR. Mark
GU I – H ome Screen
TITLE .
Memory Allocation System
Figure 7 is a visual representation of the prototype’s software structure, also found in
Appendix P. B&R’s Visualization Component’s object references the file control.c to execute
all major functions. The file control.c is documented in entirety in Appendix Q.
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Each data structure consists of a recipe name, recipe description, and a list of integer
values representing the amount of each ingredient the recipe calls for. Each liquid data structure
includes a name and description.
Dynamic memory allocation is not often employed in real time environments due to the
inherent uncertainty involved. For this reason, a set of 20 recipes and 10 liquids were allocated
to static remnant memory in the RAM on the PLC. This memory is backed up by the CMOS
battery and will retain information through power cycles. For the final commercially available
product, flash memory would be employed, either by USB memory drives or by using a larger
compact flash card for program memory. This change allows the user to easily update recipes
without the aid of the Power Panel.
HMI
(Visualization
Components*)
Load
(control.c )
Save
(control.c )
Add
(control.c )
Make
(control.c )
Setup
(control.c )
*Note: Visualization Components is a proprietary data type of B&R’s Automation Studio.
Figure 7. Software structure diagram.
The first important function is called to load a recipe from memory. This would read a
single recipe from the memory area to a temporary data structure and display it on the screen.
The user can make any modifications to this temporary copy and call the save function to
commit the changes back to memory. This is the basic operation of the recipe system for our
prototype. Similarly, the user can add a recipe to the end of the list of recipes.
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The program also called a function to make the currently viewed recipe. This would take
values loaded into the temporary data structure and create a drink based on the values. After the
recipe is finished dispensing, it will once again load the currently viewed recipe. The prototype
was not capable of making different quantities of the same recipe; however, for a commercial
version it is essential that this feature be available. This improved aspect of the commercial
version allows the server to select the drink, followed by the number of drinks to make, thus
dispensing the entire recipe in greater quantities while keeping the proportions constant.
Finally, the setup function allowed the user to manage the liquids currently loaded into
each bay. The setup function tracks how much fluid was dispensed and how much is remaining
in each bay. Since the prototype had no way of determining the fluid level in each bay, the user
directly input the amount of fluid in each bay manually, with no error checking involved. A
commercialized version improves upon this design by including a simple sensor array to monitor
fluid levels in each bay. This will prevent users from incorrectly entering the amount of fluid in
each bay.
Dispensing Unit
When the controlling unit was complete, the dispensing unit could be constructed. Figure
8 shows the mechanical layout of the dispensing unit. Additional mechanical layouts can be
found in Appendices R through W. Attached to the output of the pumps, is a ½” plastic tube
going into a ½” intake nozzle. The nozzle is the input for the solenoid coil and valve
combination. The coil is the power unit, which opens the normally closed valve. The I/O block
controls each coil in conjunction with a pump receptacle. However, the receptacle and coil are
not controlled by the same I/O output because a delay is needed to pressurize the pump before
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dispensing the liquid. The outlet of the valve is a ¼” nozzle attached to ¼” tubing. The tubing
then leaves the dispensing unit’s housing to a spout attached to the outside of the housing unit.
Figure 8. Single dispensing bay assembly.
4.3 Codes and Standards
Human-machine interface (HMI) codes and standards defining graphical user symbols
are specified by ISO/IEC 11581 [5]. A finished consumer product would fully comply with
ISO/IEC 11581; however, the feasibility of prototype compliance was determined to be out of
the scope of this project. Also, manufacturing codes and regulations are specified by NAICS 3133 [6]. A finished consumer product would fully comply with NAICS 31-39; however, the
feasibility of prototype compliance was determined to be out of the scope of this project. Also,
once the product is in use, there are local government health and safety regulations that must be
followed for the safety of the public. A cleaning cycle function was created in the software to
maintain a clean ABD.
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4.4 Constraints, Alternatives, and Tradeoffs
While designing and constructing the ABD, there were a few constraints that were dealt
with when designing the ABD. The first and largest issue was finding appropriate pumps to use.
The first pump type considered was a stepper motor pump from Fluid Metering Inc. [7]. It was
both too expensive for the allocated budget and an over kill on accuracy. Next, pumps made for
waterworks applications were located through a project sponsor, Dakota Supply Group [8].
Unfortunately, they were too large in size and flow rate for the application. Finally, alcohol grade
pumps were located through a local, Alcohol Controls [9]. However, none were in stock, so they
were ordered from the manufacturer, Auper, in Montreal, Canada. After waiting several weeks
while the pumps were in US Customs, the order was cancelled due to time constraints.
The chosen pump was an AquaClear 30 [10]. Since the aquarium pump was not the
original pump chosen for the design, an extra circuit board was required to have the 24 VDC
output control a 110 VAC pump. Also solenoid valves were required to make the pumps work
with gravity fed containers and also to reduce back flow in the tubing.
Unfortunately, both the circuit board and the valves created a problem with the 4.5 A
power supply. It was now too small to power all the relays, pumps, coils and I/O block at once.
Because of the limited budget supplied to construct the ABD, a larger, 7.2 A, but still insufficient
power supply was purchased. Since the larger power supply could not power all of the
components at once, the software was changed to turn on the pumps and valves consecutively
instead of concurrently.
5.
SCHEDULE, TASKS, AND MILESTONES
Below is the list of tasks divided into responsibility and duration. The list compares the
proposed task durations and compares them to the actual durations. The group and project was
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divided into a software group and a hardware group. Those writing the software designed the
interface and programming behind the ABD. The hardware group designed and constructed the
project. The difficulty of each task was never categorized by the group. Instead, work loads were
determined based on skills and time. Notice in Appendix X the full Gantt chart comparing
proposed durations of tasks with actual.
Figure 9. Task assignments.
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6.
PROJECT DEMONSTRATION
The ABD had three main goals that were tested and proved during the final demonstration:
the interface had to be easily navigable, the pumps had to dispense a 12oz. drink within 30
seconds, and the pumps had to be accurate to within 10%. After extensive testing
and calibrating of each of the five pumps, the ABD successfully accomplished its goals. On
average, the pumps dispensed 1oz. per second with an accuracy of around 2%. The acceptance
testing was proven by the successful demonstration to Dr. Keezer. The specifics of the
acceptance testing include measuring the dispensed liquid for each pump in different amounts
multiple times. Using a 500ml beaker, each pump was tested and calibrated until it was accurate
and precise. First 2oz. was measured from each pump and then 10oz. with slight calibrations
until the pump could dispense within 2% of the desired amount of liquid. Since each pump is
slightly different, the time it takes the pump to dispense 1oz. in 1 second differs. Simple software
changes were made so that between 1.15 and 1.19 seconds of dispensing a liquid would equate to
1oz. per second. After these calibrations, the ABD successfully met its acceptance testing.
7.
MARKETING AND COST ANALYSIS
7.1 Marketing Analysis
There are many restaurants that serve drinks to all tables in the establishment as well as
run a bar. The ABD is proposed to help the wait staff fill drink orders with speed and accuracy.
The interface is designed to be flexible and easily programmable with the offerings of the
business. In addition, implementing scalability to the design would allow great flexibility in the
amount and type of source fluids further adding to the functionality of the dispenser. A similar
product is available from Giles & Posner called the Automatic Cocktail Bartender [11]. This
product goes above and beyond our design, but I was unable to acquire a price to compare it
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with. Another similar device is the Super SideBar by SideBar Beverage Systems [12]. The
SideBar system is nowhere near as versatile as the ABD, it has 5 pumps that require priming, but
it has five buttons that pump from one ounce to continuous flow from their specific containers.
The SideBar system is price at $499.
7.2 Cost Analysis
The parts cost of a single unit was $1,780.00 with labor costs of $300.00, but has adjusted
to $2,278.50 plus labor costs. This adjusts the base cost of each dispenser to $2,578.50.
Scalability up to eight fluids was $110.00 per fluid and is adjusted to $126.70. Table 3 shows
equipment costs for the prototype.
Table 3. Parts and Hardware
Item
B&R 10” Power Panel 4PP220.1024-xx
B&R X20 Powerlink Bus Receiver
Automation Studio v3.0 License
B&R X20 Digital Output Module
B&R X20 Digital Input Module
Fluid Pumps
Weight Sensors/Level Sensors
Containers
Solenoid Coil/Valve
Tubing/Brass Fittings
Relays/Inverter Circuits for Pumps
7.2 amp Power Supply
Total
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Quantity
1
1
2
1
1
5
0
5
5
1
Cost
Total
Budget Difference
$400.00 $400.00
$400.00
$0.00
$500.00 $500.00
$500.00
$0.00
$800.00 $1,600.00 $1,600.00
$0.00
$200.00 $200.00
$200.00
$0.00
$200.00 $200.00
$200.00
$0.00
$42.00 $210.00
$250.00
$40.00
$0.00
$0.00
$180.00 $180.00
$1.50
$7.50
$50.00
$42.50
$83.20 $416.00
$0.00 -$416.00
$75.00
$0.00
-$75.00
$75.00
$75.00
$0.00
-$75.00
$195.00 $195.00
$0.00 -$195.00
$3,878.50 $3,380.00 -$498.50
20
Table 4. Parts and Hardware from ECE.
Item
B&R 10” Power Panel 4PP220.1024-xx
B&R X20 Powerlink Bus Receiver
Automation Studio v3.0 License
B&R X20 Digital Output Module
B&R X20 Digital Input Module
Fluid Pumps
Weight Sensors/Level Sensors
Containers
Solenoid Coil/Valve
Tubing/Brass Fittings
Relays/Inverter Circuits for Pumps
7.2 amp Power Supply
Total
Quantity
1
1
2
1
1
2/3
0
5
5
1
Cost
Total
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated/$42.00 Donated/$126.00
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
Donated
$195.00
$195.00
$321.00
Labor is the bulk of the cost in development. Table 5 shows the detailed breakdown of
labor and equipment costs based on an average wage of $30 per hour per engineer. A detailed
calculation of project overhead is available in Appendix Y. Our labor estimates followed actual
time spent well, but was concentrated around the later days as opposed to spread out as the
original Gantt Chart indicated.
Table 5. Project Costs
Project
Component
Software
Development
Hardware
Development
Lectures/Meetings
Total Labor
Total Parts Cost
Total Overhead
Project Total
Labor Hours
Labor Cost
Equipment
Cost
Total
Component Cost
134
$4,020.00
$1,600.00
$5,620.00
225
$6,750.00
$2,278.00
$9,028.00
240
599
$7,200.00
$17,970.00
$7,200.00
$3,878.00
-$498.00*
$10,456.00
$32,304.00
* Adjustment to overhead used to cover additional equipment costs.
A detailed assessment of product pricing is also in Appendix Y. I assumed a reasonable
markup of 20% over fixed costs for creation of an additional device.
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
21
8. SUMMARY
A working prototype of the ABD was demonstrated successfully. The specs are shown in
Table 6.
Table 6. Automated Beverage Dispenser technical specifications.
Description
Recipes
Ingredients Per Recipe
Ingredients (Liquids)
Dispensing Rate
Container Capacity
Dispensing Accuracy
Concurrent Liquid
Dispensing
Maximum Drink Size for a
Single Recipe
Minimum Drink Size
Time to Dispense 12 oz
Drink
Power Requirements
(PLC, I/O, Valves)
Power Requirements for
Pumps
Ranges - Actual
20
5
5
0.85 oz/sec
64 oz
+/- 2 %
Ranges - Proposed
100
5
5
0.4 oz/sec
64 oz
+/- 10 %
Up to 2 liquids
Up to 5 liquids
320 oz (64 oz x 5 liquids)
320 oz (64 oz x 5 liquids)
0.009 oz
0.009 oz
14.04 sec
30 sec
24VDC @ 11.7 A (minimum) for
5 liquid dispensing pumps
24VDC @ 4.5 A for 5
liquid dispensing pumps
24VDC @ 3 A for each
pump
120VAC @ 2.5 A for 5 pumps
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
22
9
REFERENCES
[1]
“Computerized Liquor Control System,” 2008. [Online]. Avaliable:
http://www.easybar.com/clcs.html. [Accessed: Apr. 15, 2009]
[2]
“I-Matic Overview,” 2006. [Online] Avaliable:
http://www.auper.com/pages/imaticoverviewpag.html. [Accessed: Feb. 17, 2009]
[3]
W. Roberts, “Powerlink Revolutionizes Real-Time Ethernet”, Automation, vol. 47, pp.1314, Sept. 2008.
[4]
M. Sandhoefner, “X2X Distribution I/O”, Automation Letter, vol. 38, pp. 4, Nov. 2008
[5]
UsabilityNet. (2006). International Standards for HCI and Usability. usabilitynet.org.
[Online]. Available: http://usabilitynet.org/tools/r_international.htm#11581
[6]
“Industry Statistics Sampler: 31-33,” 2008. [Online]. Available:
http://www.census.gov/econ/census02/data/industry/E31-33.HTM. [Accessed: Apr. 20,
2009]
[7]
Fluid Metering, Inc., “Fluid Metering CeramPump Operation, Valveless Piston Pump
Automation,” Fluid Metering, Inc. Dispensers and Metering Pumps, 2008. [Online].
Available: http://www.fmipump.com/99pumpop.html. [Accessed: Jan. 19, 2009].
[8]
“Dakota Supply Group,” 2009. [Online]. Available: http://www.dsginc.biz. [Accessed:
Mar. 15, 2009]
[9]
“Alcohol Controls – Loss Prevention Products for the Bar Industry,” 2008. [Online].
Available: http://www.alcoholcontrols.com. [Accessed: Mar. 1, 2009]
[10]
“A-600 AquaClear 30 Power Filter - 110 V,” 2008. [Online]. Available:
http://www.hagen.com/usa/aquatic/product.cfm?CAT=1&SUBCAT=107&PROD_ID=0
1006000020101. [Accessed: Apr. 2. 2009]
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
23
[11]
“Automatic Cocktail Bartender.” www.gilesandposner.com. 2006. Giles & Posner. 29
Apr 2009
<http://www.drinksmediawire.com/upload/pdfs/cdp/Auto%20bartender%20system.pdf>.
[12]
“Super SideBar.” www.sidebarbeverage.com. 2009. SideBar Beverage Systems. 29 Apr
2009 <http://www.sidebarbeverage.com/features.html>.
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
24
APPENDIX A – DEFINITONS OF SOFTWARE FEATURES
Touch screen Navigated User Interface – Otherwise known as a human-machine interface
(HMI), this feature was required to facilitate operation of the final device.
Database of Recipes and Liquids – A database was proposed for storage of information
pertaining to liquids and recipes. Due to software limitations, no dynamic memory manipulation
was achievable; thus, a static memory block of recipe and liquid data types was established
instead. See Appendix X CONTROL.C for source code.
Add / Remove / Modify Liquids and Recipes – A database was proposed for storage of
information pertaining to liquids and recipes. Due to software limitations, no dynamic memory
manipulation was achievable; thus, a static memory block of recipe and liquid data types was
established instead. See Appendix Q for source code.
Help Menu – An interactive manual was established to aid end users with operation of the
device. This attribute also served as a form of software documentation. See Appendices E
through O for examples of on-screen help documentation.
Home Screen – A home screen functions as a ‘root’ location for user navigation. All software
functionality was accessible through this interface screen.
Display Recipes / Liquids List – The end user is able to view a complete list of recipes and
liquids that can make recipes that are stored in the database.
Display Recipe / Liquid Details – The end user is able to view specific information about a
particular recipe or liquid such as ingredients, name, and rating.
Configuration / Setup Menu – The software package must be configured such that it knows
what liquids are present in the device’s fluid bays. A cleaning routine was added to the setup
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
25
menu. A visual bar-graph representation of liquid level in each bay was added to the setup
menu.
Software-Controller I/O Signals – The software package achieved the capability to receive
signals from the controller and send signals to the controller; however, only outgoing signals to
the controller were used during implementation.
Make Recipe Button / Menu – The end functionality of the user interface has provided the user
with an option to create a specified recipe.
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
26
APPENDIX B – RELAY CIRCUIT
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
27
APPENDIX C – PROPOSED SOFTWARE FUNCTIONALITY DIAGRAM
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
28
APPENDIX D – IMPLEMENTED SOFTWARE FUNCTIONALITY DIAGRAM
KEY:
Interface
Screen
Button
I/O
Signal
s
Direction
of
Flow
Contr
oller
Help
Home
Add Liquid Add Recipe
Button
Button
View
Liquids
Button
View
Recipes
Button
Setup
Button
View
Liquid
List
View
Recipe
List
Add
Recipe
Setup
Liquid
Selected
Recipe
Selected
*
Help
Layer
*
Located
on
every
screen
Off
Confirm
Shutdown
Shutdown
Screen
Confirm
Delete
Add
Liquid
Save
*
Home
Button
Edit
View
Liquid
Delete
View
Recipe
Next
Delete
Back
Make
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Confirm
Delete
Save
Edit
Back
*
Welcome
/
Startup
Next
Signals
To
Controller
29
APPENDIX E – GUI, STARTUP SCREEN
To progress, user ‘clicks’ the
screen by touching it .
PROJ.. ABD
DWN. 28 Apr 09 / M . Peterson
ENGR. Mark Peterson
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Automated Beverage Dispenser
GU I – Startup Screen
TITLE .
30
APPENDIX F – GUI, HOME SCREEN
Note: This information
can be found in real time by toggling ‘ ?’ on
the interface .
PROJ.. ABD
DWN. 28 Apr 09 / M . Peterson
ENGR. Mark Peterson
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Automated Beverage Dispenser
GU I – H ome Screen
TITLE .
31
APPENDIX G - GUI, VIEW LIQUID SCREEN
Note: This information
can be found in real time by toggling ‘ ?’ on
the interface .
PROJ .. ABD
28 Apr 09 / M. Peterson
ENGR . Mark Peterson
DWN.
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Automated Beverage Dispenser
GU I – View Liquid Screen
TITLE .
32
APPENDIX H – GUI, VIEW RECIPE SCREEN
Note: This information
can be found in real time by toggling ‘ ?’ on
the interface .
ABD
DWN. 28 Apr 09 / M . Peterson
Mark Peterson
ENGR.
PROJ ..
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Automated Beverage Dispenser
GU I – View R ecipe Screen
TITLE .
33
APPENDIX I – GUI, ADD LIQUID SCREEN
Note: This information
can be found in real time by toggling ‘ ?’ on
the interface .
PROJ .. ABD
DWN. 28 Apr 09 / M . Peterson
ENGR.
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Mark Peterson
Automated Beverage Dispenser
GU I – Add Liquid Screen
TITLE .
34
APPENDIX J – GUI, ADD RECIPE SCREEN
Note: This information
can be found in real time by toggling ‘ ?’ on
the interface .
PROJ..
ABD
28 Apr 09 / M. Peterson
ENGR . Mark Peterson
DWN.
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Automated Beverage Dispenser
GU I – Add R ecipe Screen
TITLE .
35
APPENDIX K – GUI, VIEW LIQUID LIST SCREEN
Note: This information
can be found in real time by toggling ‘ ?’ on
the interface .
PROJ .. ABD
DWN. 28 Apr 09 / M . Peterson
ENGR. Mark Peterson
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Automated Beverage Dispenser
GU I – View Liquid List Screen
TITLE .
36
APPENDIX L – GUI, VIEW RECIPE LIST SCREEN
Note: This information
can be found in real time by toggling ‘ ?’ on
the interface .
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
PROJ .. ABD
DWN. 28 Apr 09 / M . Peterson
ENGR. Mark Peterson
Automated Beverage Dispenser
GU I – View R ecipe List Screen
TITLE .
37
APPENDIX M – GUI, SETUP SCREEN
At the time of installation
the user enters the
amount of liquid being
placed in the bay .
,
Depending on how much liquid the
user is loading into the bay , the
status bar (showing green) will
indicate liquid level . ( Green = full ,
Red = critically low , etc .)
Press D 1-D5 in order to fire a pump
and relay individually for test
purposes .
Note: This information
can be found in real time by toggling ‘ ?’ on
the interface .
PROJ .. ABD
DWN. 28 Apr 09 / M. Peterson
ENGR .
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Mark Peterson
Automated Beverage Dispenser
GU I – Setup Screen
TITLE .
38
APPENDIX N – GUI, CONFIRM SHUTDOWN SCREEN
To continue the shutdown
processes click ‘Ok’ .
To cancel the shutdown process
click ‘Cancel’ .
PROJ.. ABD
28 Apr 09 / M. Peterson
Mark Peterson
ENGR.
DWN.
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Automated Beverage Dispenser
GU I – C onfirm Shutdow n Screen
TITLE .
39
APPENDIX O – GUI, POWER DOWN SCREEN
Now is the time when the user can
unplug the ABD .
PROJ .. ABD
28 Apr 09 / M. Peterson
Mark Peterson
ENGR .
DWN.
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
Automated Beverage Dispenser
GU I – Pow er D ow n Screen
TITLE .
40
APPENDIX P – IMPLEMENTED SOFTWARE STRUCTURE DIAGRAM
HMI
(Visualization
Components*)
Load
(control.c )
Save
(control.c )
Add
(control.c )
Make
(control.c )
Setup
(control.c )
*Note: Visualization Components is a proprietary data type of B&R’s Automation Studio.
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
41
APPENDIX Q – SOURCE CODE, CONTROL.C
/*'****************************************************************************
**********
'*
Author:
Michael Fojas
'*
History:
*
'*
3.21.2009: First Version
*
*
'*
4.16.2009: Recipe Management
*
*
'*
*
'*****************************************************************************
**********/
#include <bur/plc.h>
#include <bur/plctypes.h>
/*****************************************************
*** Scaling Factor
*****************************************************/
#define SCALE 120
/*****************************************************
*** Function Prototypes
*****************************************************/
void dispense();
/*****************************************************
*** Global Variables
*****************************************************/
_GLOBAL
BOOL input[12],
pump[5],
valve[5],
d[5];
typedef struct Liquid_typ{
STRING liquidName[50];
STRING liquidDescription[250];
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
/* Dispense */
/* Liquid type */
42
USINT picIndex;
} Liquid_typ;
typedef struct Recipe_typ {
STRING recipeName[50];
STRING recipeDescription[250];
/* Set Status of digital Inputs via Force function */
/* Name of drink */
/* Description of drink */
USINT picIndex;
UINT units1;
ingredient 1 (in units) */
UINT units2;
UINT units3;
ingredient 1 (in units) */
UINT units4;
UINT units5;
ingredient 1 (in units) */
/* Amount of
USINT rating;
} Recipe_typ;
/* Rating */
/* Amount of
/* Amount of
_GLOBAL Recipe_typ Recipes[21];
_GLOBAL Liquid_typ Liquids[10];
descriptions*/
/* List of liquid names and
_GLOBAL STRING recipeNames[21][50];
Recipe List Page */
_GLOBAL STRING liquidNames[10][50];
Recipe List Page */
/* List of names for View
_GLOBAL Recipe_typ CurrentRecipe;
displaying/loading/saving recipes */
_GLOBAL Liquid_typ CurrentLiquid;
/* Temp variable for
_GLOBAL BOOL
/* Emergency Stop */
/* Make Recipe */
/* Load Recipe */
/* Save Recipe */
/* Save Liquid */
/* Load Liquid */
/* Delete Recipe */
/* Clean Machine */
/* Single Ingredient is
eStop,
makeRecipe,
loadRecipe,
saveRecipe,
saveLiquid,
loadLiquid,
deleteRecipe,
cleanCycle,
drinkDone,
/* List of names for View
finished dispensing */
recipeComplete,
/* Entire Recipe is
finished dispensing */
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
43
lowLevel;
_GLOBAL USINT
*/
addLiquidHelp,
/* Help screen flags for HMI
addRecipeHelp,
homeHelp,
setupHelp,
viewLiquidHelp,
viewRecipeHelp,
viewLiquidListHelp,
viewRecipeListHelp,
confirmDelete,
cleanDialog,
dispensingDrink,
liquidWarn,
liquidWarnHotSpot,
count,
/* Warn user that liquid level
is low */
notEnoughIngredients,
are insufficient ingredients to make the drink */
cascade;
_GLOBAL UINT
recipeNumber,
liquidNumber,
delayConstant,
delay,
liquidLevels[5];
_GLOBAL UINT
i;
_INIT void init(void)
{
eStop = 1;
loadLiquid = 1;
loadRecipe = 1;
makeRecipe = 0;
saveRecipe = 0;
confirmDelete = 1;
cleanDialog = 1;
deleteRecipe = 0;
cleanCycle = 0;
recipeComplete = 1;
dispensingDrink = 1;
notEnoughIngredients = 1;
liquidWarn = 1;
if(!delayConstant)
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
/* Error on make, signals ths there
/* Reset flags */
/* Hide delete window */
/* Hide dispensing drink dialog */
/* Hide dialog box */
44
{
delayConstant = 50;
}
recipeNumber = 1;
liquidNumber = 1;
Recipes[0].units1 = 0;
Recipes[0].units2 = 0;
Recipes[0].units3 = 0;
Recipes[0].units4 = 0;
Recipes[0].units5 = 0;
for(i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
strcpy(Liquids[i].liquidName, " ");
strcpy(Liquids[i].liquidDescription, " ");
}
/* Hide help dialog boxes at startup */
addLiquidHelp = 1;
addRecipeHelp = 1;
homeHelp = 1;
setupHelp = 1;
viewLiquidHelp = 1;
viewRecipeHelp = 1;
viewLiquidListHelp = 1;
viewRecipeListHelp = 1;
strcpy(Recipes[0].recipeName, "Vodka");
strcpy(Recipes[0].recipeDescription, "Vodka");
Recipes[0].units1 = 100;
millisecond cycles */
/* # of ten
strcpy(Liquids[0].liquidName, "Vodka");
strcpy(Liquids[0].liquidDescription, "Vodka");
}
_CYCLIC void cyclic(void)
{
/* Emergency Stop ************************
*
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
45
* Stops everything!!
*
***************************************/
if(eStop)
{
makeRecipe = 0;
loadRecipe = 1;
cleanDialog = 1;
/* Stop making recipes */
/* Hide cleaning dialog box */
for(i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
pump[i] = 0;
valve[i] = 0;
}
eStop = 0;
}
/* Load Recipe ************************
*
* Moves data from selected recipe to currentRecipe
*
***************************************/
if(loadRecipe)
{
if(recipeNumber <= 20)
{
strcpy(CurrentRecipe.recipeName, Recipes[recipeNumber].recipeName);
strcpy(CurrentRecipe.recipeDescription,
Recipes[recipeNumber].recipeDescription);
CurrentRecipe.rating = Recipes[recipeNumber].rating;
CurrentRecipe.picIndex = Recipes[recipeNumber].picIndex;
CurrentRecipe.units1 = Recipes[recipeNumber].units1;
CurrentRecipe.units2 = Recipes[recipeNumber].units2;
CurrentRecipe.units3 = Recipes[recipeNumber].units3;
CurrentRecipe.units4 = Recipes[recipeNumber].units4;
CurrentRecipe.units5 = Recipes[recipeNumber].units5;
}
loadRecipe = 0;
/* Reset recipe flag*/
}
/* Save Recipe ************************
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
46
*
* Saves a recipe
*
***************************************/
if(saveRecipe)
{
if(recipeNumber <= 20)
{
strcpy(Recipes[recipeNumber].recipeName, CurrentRecipe.recipeName);
strcpy(recipeNames[recipeNumber], CurrentRecipe.recipeName);
strcpy(Recipes[recipeNumber].recipeDescription,
CurrentRecipe.recipeDescription);
Recipes[recipeNumber].rating = CurrentRecipe.rating;
Recipes[recipeNumber].picIndex = CurrentRecipe.picIndex;
Recipes[recipeNumber].units1 = CurrentRecipe.units1;
Recipes[recipeNumber].units2 = CurrentRecipe.units2;
Recipes[recipeNumber].units3 = CurrentRecipe.units3;
Recipes[recipeNumber].units4 = CurrentRecipe.units4;
Recipes[recipeNumber].units5 = CurrentRecipe.units5;
}
saveRecipe = 0;
/* Reset recipe flag*/
}
/* Delete Recipe ************************
*
* Deletes whatever recipe is selected at the moment (blanks out name, description, and unit
values
*
***************************************/
if(deleteRecipe)
{
if(recipeNumber <= 20)
{
strcpy(Recipes[recipeNumber].recipeName, " ");
strcpy(recipeNames[recipeNumber], " ");
strcpy(Recipes[recipeNumber].recipeDescription, " ");
Recipes[recipeNumber].rating = 0;
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
47
Recipes[recipeNumber].picIndex = 0;
Recipes[recipeNumber].units1 = 0;
Recipes[recipeNumber].units2 = 0;
Recipes[recipeNumber].units3 = 0;
Recipes[recipeNumber].units4 = 0;
Recipes[recipeNumber].units5 = 0;
}
deleteRecipe = 0;
/* Reset recipe flag*/
}
/* Load Liquid ************************
*
* Loads Liquid
*
***************************************/
if(loadLiquid)
{
if(liquidNumber <= 10)
{
strcpy(CurrentLiquid.liquidName, Liquids[liquidNumber].liquidName);
strcpy(CurrentLiquid.liquidDescription,
Liquids[liquidNumber].liquidDescription);
CurrentLiquid.picIndex = Liquids[liquidNumber].picIndex;
}
loadLiquid = 0;
/* Reset recipe flag*/
}
/* Save Liquid ************************
*
* Saves a recipe
*
***************************************/
if(saveLiquid)
{
if(liquidNumber < 10)
{
strcpy(Liquids[liquidNumber].liquidName,CurrentLiquid.liquidName);
strcpy(liquidNames[liquidNumber],CurrentLiquid.liquidName);
strcpy(Liquids[liquidNumber].liquidDescription,
CurrentLiquid.liquidDescription);
Liquids[liquidNumber].picIndex = CurrentLiquid.picIndex;
}
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
48
saveLiquid = 0;
/* Reset recipe flag*/
}
/* Make Recipe ************************
*
* Makes a recipe when makeRecipe is set to one
*
***************************************/
if(makeRecipe)
{
recipeComplete = 1;
if(
/* Set recipe to complete */
(CurrentRecipe.units1 <= liquidLevels[0]) &&
(CurrentRecipe.units2 <= liquidLevels[1]) &&
(CurrentRecipe.units3 <= liquidLevels[2]) &&
(CurrentRecipe.units4 <= liquidLevels[3]) &&
(CurrentRecipe.units5 <= liquidLevels[4]))
{
dispensingDrink = 0;
/* Show dispensing
drink dialog */
if((++delay) > delayConstant)
{
delay = delayConstant + 1;
counting all the way up */
/* Keep delay constant from
dispense();
if(!drinkDone)
{
recipeComplete = 0;
/* Recipe is
not complete */
}
if(recipeComplete)
/* if all
drinkdone flags are 1 */
{
makeRecipe = 0;
/*
Reset Recipe Flag */
dispensingDrink = 1;
/* Hide
cleanDialog = 1;
/* Hide
dispensing drink dialog box */
cleaning dialog box */
loadRecipe = 1;
drinkDone = 0;
}
}
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
49
else
/* Turn on pumps (DelayConstant * cycles) before openin valves
*/
{
if((CurrentRecipe.units1 > 0) && (cascade == 1)) pump[0] = 1;
/* Prime pumps that are used in recipe*/
if((CurrentRecipe.units2 > 0) && (cascade == 2)) pump[1] = 1;
/* Prime pumps that are used in recipe*/
if((CurrentRecipe.units3 > 0) && (cascade == 3)) pump[2] = 1;
/* Prime pumps that are used in recipe*/
if((CurrentRecipe.units4 > 0) && (cascade == 4)) pump[3] = 1;
/* Prime pumps that are used in recipe*/
if((CurrentRecipe.units5 > 0) && (cascade == 5)) pump[4] = 1;
/* Prime pumps that are used in recipe*/
}
}
else
{
dispensingDrink = 1;
notEnoughIngredients = 0;
makeRecipe = 0;
cleanDialog = 1;
/* Hide cleaning dialog box
*/
}
}
else
{
cascade = 1;
if(!(d[0]) && !(d[1]) && !(d[2]) && !(d[3]) && !(d[4]))
{
delay = 0;
}
for(i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
if(d[i] && liquidLevels[i])
{
pump[i] = 1;
if((++delay) > delayConstant)
{
delay = delayConstant + 1;
/* Keep delay
constant from counting all the way up */
valve[i] = 1;
liquidLevels[i]--;
/* Change total liquid level */
}
}
else
{
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
50
pump[i] = 0;
valve[i] = 0;
}
}
}
/* Clean*******************************
*
* Turns on all pumps for 10 seconds.
*
***************************************/
if(cleanCycle)
{
cleanDialog = 0;
CurrentRecipe.units1 = 12 * SCALE;
CurrentRecipe.units2 = 12 * SCALE;
CurrentRecipe.units3 = 12 * SCALE;
CurrentRecipe.units4 = 12 * SCALE;
CurrentRecipe.units5 = 12 * SCALE;
makeRecipe = 1;
cleanCycle = 0;
}
/* Check Levels *******************************
*
*
*
***************************************/
lowLevel = 0;
for(i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
if(liquidLevels[i] < (SCALE * 12)) /* If */
{
lowLevel = 1;
break;
}
}
if(lowLevel)
{
liquidWarnHotSpot = 0;
if((count++) > 50)
{
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
51
count = 0;
liquidWarn = !liquidWarn;
}
}
else
{
count = 0;
liquidWarnHotSpot = 1;
liquidWarn = 1;
}
}
/* Dispense ***************************
*
* Opens valve for time specified, then closes valve and turns off pump.
*
***************************************/
void dispense()
{
switch(cascade)
{
case 1:
if(CurrentRecipe.units1 == 0)
/* Units are out */
{
pump[0] = 0;
/* Turn off pump */
valve[0] = 0;
/* Turn off valve */
delay = 0;
cascade = 2;
}
else
/* Turn on the pump */
{
valve[0] = 1;
/* Open valve */
CurrentRecipe.units1--;
/* Decrement time to keep valve
open */
liquidLevels[0]--;
/* Change total liquid level */
}
break;
case 2:
if(CurrentRecipe.units2 == 0)
/* Units are out */
{
pump[1] = 0;
/* Turn off pump */
valve[1] = 0;
/* Turn off valve */
delay = 0;
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
52
cascade = 3;
}
else
/* Turn on the pump */
{
valve[1] = 1;
/* Open valve */
CurrentRecipe.units2--;
/* Decrement time to keep valve open */
liquidLevels[1]--;
/* Change total liquid level */
}
break;
case 3:
if(CurrentRecipe.units3 == 0)
/* Units are out */
{
pump[2] = 0;
/* Turn off pump */
valve[2] = 0;
/* Turn off valve */
delay = 0;
cascade = 4;
}
else
/* Turn on the pump */
{
valve[2] = 1;
/* Open valve */
CurrentRecipe.units3--;
/* Decrement time to keep valve open */
liquidLevels[2]--;
/* Change total liquid level */
}
break;
case 4:
if(CurrentRecipe.units4 == 0)
/* Units are out */
{
pump[3] = 0;
/* Turn off pump */
valve[3] = 0;
/* Turn off valve */
delay = 0;
cascade = 5;
}
else
/* Turn on the pump */
{
valve[3] = 1;
/* Open valve */
CurrentRecipe.units4--;
/* Decrement time to keep valve open */
liquidLevels[3]--;
/* Change total liquid level */
}
break;
case 5:
if(CurrentRecipe.units5 == 0)
/* Units are out */
{
pump[4] = 0;
/* Turn off pump */
valve[4] = 0;
/* Turn off valve */
delay = 0;
drinkDone = 1;
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
53
}
else
/* Turn on the pump */
{
valve[4] = 1;
/* Open valve */
CurrentRecipe.units5--;
/* Decrement time to keep valve open */
liquidLevels[4]--;
/* Change total liquid level */
}
break;
}
}
Automated
Beverage
Dispenser
(ECE4007L04)
54