ATTACHMENT 5
AMENDMENT C117
TO THE PORT PHILLIP PLANNING SCHEME
DOCUMENTATION
1. Explanatory Report
2. Instruction Sheet
3. Planning Scheme Maps
4. Planning Scheme Ordinances
5. Incorporated Documents, including:
a. Port Phillip Heritage Review (v17, 2015) – new and revised citations
b. City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map (updated September 2015) (part of Port
Phillip Heritage Review)
c. City of Port Phillip Neighbourhood Character Map (updated September 2015) (part
of Port Phillip Heritage Review)
6. Reference Documents (refer to Attachments 2 and 3 to the Council Report)
Planning and Environment Act 1987
PORT PHILLIP PLANNING SCHEME
AMENDMENT C117
EXPLANATORY REPORT
Who is the planning authority?
This amendment has been prepared by the City of Port Phillip, who is the planning authority
for this amendment.
Land affected by the Amendment
Individual sites within the Fishermans Bend Urban Renewal Area at the following addresses:
1.
Dunlop factory – 66 Montague Street and 223-229 Normanby Road, South
Melbourne
2.
Laconia Blanket Mills – 179-185 Normanby Road, Southbank
3.
Johns & Waygood buildings – 400-430 City Road, Southbank
4.
Electricity substation – 98 Johnson Street, South Melbourne
5.
Horse trough in Ingles Street road reserve, near corner of Ingles Street and
Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne
6.
Rootes / Chrysler factory – 19 Salmon Street, 291 & 323-337 Williamstown Road,
7-9 & 21 Smith Street and 332 Plummer Street, Port Melbourne
7.
Shops and houses – 496-510 City Road, South Melbourne
8.
Shops – 157-163 Montague Street, South Melbourne
9.
Shops and houses – 125-127 Ferrars Street, Southbank
10.
Post War Factory – 185 Ferrars Street, Southbank
11.
Former BALM Paint offices – 2 Salmon Street and 339 Williamstown Road, Port
Melbourne
12.
Factories and offices – 16-20 & 22-28 Thistlethwaite Street and 1-3 Tates Place,
South Melbourne
These sites are shown and numbered in Figure 1 and Figure 2 below.
Figure 1 - Location of subject properties (Montague & Sandridge precincts)
Figure 2 - Location of subject properties (Wirraway precinct)
What the amendment does
The Amendment implements the recommendations of the Fishermans Bend Heritage Study
(Biosis, 2013) and the Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments (Biosis,
2015). The amendment also makes minor updates to the Port Phillip Heritage Review 2000
(specifically the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map and the City of Port Phillip
Neighbourhood Character Map) for properties located in the Fishermans Bend Urban
Renewal Area (FBURA).
Specifically, the Amendment makes the following changes to the Port Phillip Planning
Scheme:
1.
2.
Updates the Schedule to Clause 41.03 – Heritage Overlay to:
•
Apply HO467, HO468, HO469 to the three properties at 400-430 City Road,
Southbank (Johns & Waygood complex).
•
Apply HO470 to the electricity substation at 98 Johnson Street, South
Melbourne (corner of Munro Street).
•
Apply HO471 to the horse trough located on Ingles Street, near the
intersection with Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne.
•
Apply HO472 to 19 Salmon Street, 291 & 323-337 Williamstown Road, 7-9 &
21 Smith Street and 332 Plummer Street, Port Melbourne (Rootes/Chrysler
factory site).
•
Amend the description of HO442 to include shops and dwellings along parts
of City Road and into Montague Street.
Makes corresponding updates to Port Phillip Planning Scheme Maps 1HO, 2HO and
3HO as follows:
•
Remove HO4 from 400-430 City Road, Southbank.
•
Apply HO467 to 400-406 City Road, HO468 to 408 City Road and HO469 to
412-430 City Road, Southbank, all on a permanent basis.
•
Apply HO470 to the electricity substation at 98 Johnson Street, South
Melbourne (corner of Munro Street).
•
Apply HO471 to the horse trough located on Ingles Street, near the
intersection with Williamstown Road.
•
Apply HO472 to 19 Salmon Street, 291 & 323-337 Williamstown Road, 7-9 &
21 Smith Street and 332 Plummer Street, Port Melbourne.
•
Extend HO442 to cover 496-510 City Road and 157-163 Montague Street,
South Melbourne.
3. Amending the Incorporated Document Port Phillip Heritage Review 2000 (inclusive of
the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy and City of Port Phillip Neighbourhood
Character Maps) to introduce new Citations, modify existing Citations, and apply /
update the grading of individual properties. The Table below (Part A and Part B)
describes the specific changes to the Incorporated Document made in relation to
each individual property or groups of properties.
4. Updating Clauses 21.07 - Incorporated Documents (MSS) and 22.04 - Heritage
Policy and the Schedule to Clause 81 – List of Incorporated Documents; with the
revised version number and date of the Port Phillip Heritage Review 2000 [Version
17 – September 2015].
PART A – IMPLEMENTATION OF RECOMMENDED CHANGES - FISHERMANS
BEND HERITAGE STUDIES [BIOSIS 2013 and 2015]
1.
Dunlop factory site – 66 Montague Street and 223-229 Normanby Road, South
Melbourne
•
2.
Laconia Blanket Mills – 179-185 Normanby Road, Southbank
•
3.
4.
5.
6.
Revise existing Citation 2134 in the Port Phillip Heritage Review.
Revise existing Citation 45 in the Port Phillip Heritage Review.
Johns & Waygood buildings – 400-430 City Road, Southbank
•
Remove precinct HO4 from the following properties and replace with individual
heritage overlays:
o HO467 – 400-406 City Road, Southbank
o HO468 – 408-410 City Road, Southbank
o HO469 – 412-430 City Road, Southbank
•
Delete Citation 2137 in the Port Phillip Heritage Review and replace with three
new citations for each of the properties listed above.
•
Revise description and statement of significance for precinct HO4 (South
Melbourne City Road Industrial Area) in the Port Phillip Heritage Review to
remove references to the site at 400-430 City Road, Southbank.
Electricity substation – 98 Johnson Street, South Melbourne
•
Apply a new individual Heritage Overlay (HO470) to the site.
•
Add a new heritage citation for the building to the Port Phillip Heritage Review.
•
Grade the site as ‘Significant’ in the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map.
Horse trough in Ingles Street road reserve, near corner of Ingles Street and
Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne
•
Apply a new individual Heritage Overlay (HO471) to the site.
•
Add a new heritage citation for the horse trough to the Port Phillip Heritage
Review.
•
Grade the horse trough as ‘Significant’ in the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy
Map.
Rootes / Chrysler factory – 19 Salmon Street, 291 & 323-337 Williamstown Road,
7-9 & 21 Smith Street and 332 Plummer Street, Port Melbourne
•
Apply a new individual Heritage Overlay (HO472) to the entire site (including
Smith Street).
•
Add a new heritage citation for the site to the Port Phillip Heritage Review.
•
Grade each of the properties in the site as ‘Significant’ in the City of Port Phillip
Heritage Policy Map.
•
Remove ‘Contributory outside of the HO’ grading on the City of Port Phillip
Neighbourhood Character Map for the properties at 19 Salmon Street, 332
Plummer Street (as these sites are proposed to be covered by a Heritage
Overlay) and (part) 320 Plummer Street (as this part of the property contains no
buildings.
7.
8.
9.
Shops and houses – 496-510 City Road, South Melbourne
•
Extend existing precinct Heritage Overlay 442 (HO442 – Albert Park Residential
Area / Part Montague Precinct) to cover these additional properties along City
Road.
•
Add new heritage citations for the properties at 496-498 City Road and 506 City
Road, South Melbourne to the Port Phillip Heritage Review.
•
Grade the properties at 496-498 City Road and 506 City Road, South Melbourne
as ‘Significant’ in the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map.
•
Remove ‘Contributory outside of the HO’ grading on the City of Port Phillip
Neighbourhood Character Map for the properties at 496-498 City Road and 506
City Road, South Melbourne (as these sites are proposed to be covered by a
Heritage Overlay) and (part) 500-502 City Road (as the property does not contain
a character building).
•
Revise description and statement of significance for precinct HO442 (Albert Park
Residential Area) in the Port Phillip Heritage Review to include references to the
sites along City Road and Montague Street.
Shops – 157-163 Montague Street, South Melbourne
•
Extend existing precinct Heritage Overlay 442 (HO442 – Albert Park Residential
Area / Part Montague Precinct) to cover these additional properties along
Montague Street.
•
Add a new heritage citation for these buildings to the Port Phillip Heritage
Review.
•
Grade these properties as ‘Significant’ in the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy
Map.
•
Remove ‘Contributory outside of the HO’ grading on the City of Port Phillip
Neighbourhood Character Map for these properties (as these properties are
proposed to be covered by a Heritage Overlay).
•
Revise description and statement of significance for precinct HO442 (Albert Park
Residential Area / Part Montague Precinct) in the Port Phillip Heritage Review to
include references to the sites along City Road and Montague Street.
Shops and houses – 125-127 Ferrars Street, Southbank
•
Add a new heritage citation for these buildings to the Port Phillip Heritage
Review.
•
Revise description and statement of significance for precinct HO4 (South
Melbourne City Road Industrial Area) in the Port Phillip Heritage Review to
include references to these buildings.
10. Post War Factory – 185 Ferrars Street, Southbank
•
Add a new heritage citation for these buildings to the Port Phillip Heritage
Review.
•
Grade the property as ‘Contributory’ in the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy
Map.
•
Revise description and statement of significance for precinct HO4 (South
Melbourne City Road Industrial Area) in the Port Phillip Heritage Review to
include references to these buildings.
PART B – MINOR UPDATES TO INCORPORATED DOCUMENT: PORT PHILLIP
HERITAGE REVIEW 2000
11. Former BALM Paint offices – 2 Salmon Street and 339 Williamstown Road, Port
Melbourne
•
Grade this property as ‘Significant’ in the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map.
[Addresses a mapping anomaly]
12. Factories and offices – 16-20 & 22-28 Thistlethwaite Street and 1-3 Tates Place,
South Melbourne
•
Grade these properties as ‘Contributory outside of the HO’ on the City of Port
Phillip Neighbourhood Character Map. [Implements recommendations of the
Montague Precinct Structure Plan 2012]
Strategic assessment of the Amendment
Why is the Amendment required?
The Amendment is required to:
1.
2.
Implement the recommendation of the Fishermans Bend Heritage Assessments
undertaken by Biosis Pty Ltd in 2013 and 2015. This is achieved through:
•
Including nominated heritage places within the Heritage Overlay.
•
Applying three individual Heritage Overlays over the site known as 400-430 City
Road, Southbank (to replace the sites existing inclusion in HO4).
•
Making related changes to the Port Phillip Heritage Review (an Incorporated
Document in the Port Phillip Planning Scheme), including introducing new and
revised Citations), and new / updated gradings on the City of Port Phillip Heritage
Policy Map and City of Port Phillip Neighbourhood Character Map.
Make minor updates to the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map and City of Port
Phillip Neighbourhood Character Map (which form part of the Port Phillip Heritage
Review 2000) for properties located in FBURA as follows:
•
Update the Neighbourhood Character Policy Map to grade the buildings at 16-20
and 22-28 Thistlethwaite Street and 1-3 Tates Place, South Melbourne to
‘Contributory Outside of the HO’, on the basis that these were recognised as
‘character buildings’ in the Montague Precinct Structure Plan 2012.
•
Reinstate a ‘Significant’ grading to the property at 2 Salmon Street / 339
Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne (removed in error). The grading should be
reinstated for the following reasons:
-
The property is in its own Heritage Overlay (HO282) and is not part of a
broader precinct.
-
There is a citation in the Port Phillip Heritage Review for this property.
-
The building on the site has not been demolished.
-
The Heritage Policy Map as gazetted on 6 July 2006 under Amendment
C32 shows the property graded as ‘Significant’.
-
The Heritage Policy Map as gazetted on 7 September 2006 under
Amendment C46 shows the property graded as ‘Non-Contributory’ but
shows the adjoining site at 14-16 Salmon Street as ‘Significant’ (despite not
being covered by a Heritage Overlay). This mapping error has been carried
through to subsequent heritage amendments updating the City of Port
Phillip Heritage Policy Map.
-
Heritage Amendment C46 (and subsequent Amendments C54 and C68)
exclusively dealt with heritage properties in St Kilda East, Elwood and
Balaclava respectively. Accordingly, changes to the grading of properties
in Port Melbourne was an obvious error.
How does the Amendment implement the objectives of planning in Victoria?
The amendment implements the following objectives of planning in Victoria, under Section 4
of the Planning and Environment Act 1987:
•
4(1)(d) - to conserve and enhance those buildings, areas or other places which are of
scientific, aesthetic, architectural or historical interest, or otherwise of special cultural
value;
•
4(1)(f) - to facilitate development in accordance with the objectives set out in
paragraphs (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e);
•
4(1)(g) - to balance the present and future interests of all Victorians.
These objectives are implemented through the identification and protection of places in
Fishermans Bend that have aesthetic, social, architectural and historic interest, and through
the reuse of existing building stock.
How does the Amendment address any environmental, social and economic
effects?
The amendment will have a positive environmental impact by protecting places of historic
significance and allowing the reuse and recycling of existing building stock. The Victorian
heritage strategy, Victoria’s Heritage, Strengthening our Community (DSE 2006) details the
environmental benefits of conservation in Chapter 2, specifically “Heritage policies and
programs can help achieve the broader goals of sustainability. Conserving heritage places
and giving them new life supports sustainability. It recognises the embodied energy and lifecycle value of traditional materials, and reduces the waste associated with demolition and
new buildings.” (p21)
The amendment will have a positive social effect through the preservation of historically
significant places which reflect social history, for the benefit of current and future
generations.
The amendment is not expected to have significant economic impacts, although it may
impose some additional costs on the owners or developers of some affected properties
where a planning permit will now be required. The economic effects of requiring a planning
permit may be reduced through the availability of advice from the City of Port Phillip’s
heritage advisor and planning officers free-of-charge at any time prior to, during, or following
the planning permit application process.
Does the Amendment address relevant bushfire risk?
The municipal area of Port Phillip does not have any designated bushfire prone areas.
Does the Amendment comply with the requirements of any Minister’s Direction
applicable to the amendment?
The amendment is consistent with Minster’s Direction No. 9 – Metropolitan Strategy (as
amended 30 May 2014) pursuant to Section 12 of the Planning and Environment Act 1987 that requires planning authorities to have regard to the Metropolitan Strategy (Plan
Melbourne).
Direction 4.7 seeks to “Respect our heritage as we build for the future”.
The amendment is consistent with this policy direction, as it proposes to make changes to
the planning scheme to identify and protect significant heritage fabric within the FBURA.
The amendment is also consistent with the Ministerial Direction on the Form and Content of
Planning Schemes under Section 7(5) of the Act.
How does the Amendment support or implement the State Planning Policy
Framework and any adopted State policy?
The amendment supports the following aspects of State Planning Policy Framework:
Clause 15.03-1 Heritage Conservation:
Objective: To ensure the conservation of places of heritage significance.
Strategies: Identify, assess and document places of natural or cultural heritage significance
as a basis for their inclusion in the planning scheme.
Provide for the protection of natural heritage sites and man-made resources and
the maintenance of ecological processes and biological diversity.
Provide for the conservation and enhancement of those places which are of,
aesthetic, archaeological, architectural, cultural, scientific, or social significance,
or otherwise of special cultural value.
Encourage appropriate development that respects places with identified heritage
values and creates a worthy legacy for future generations.
Retain those elements that contribute to the importance of the heritage place.
Encourage the conservation and restoration of contributory elements.
Ensure the appropriate setting and context for heritage places is maintained or
enhanced.
Support adaptive reuse of heritage buildings whose use has become redundant.
The amendment ensures that the policy direction for heritage conservation can be met
through the identification, assessment and protection of heritage places within Port Phillip
and more specifically the FBURA. The protection of heritage properties will encourage
appropriate development and the conservation and restoration of the contributory elements
of these heritage places.
How does the Amendment support or implement the Local Planning Policy
Framework, and specifically the Municipal Strategic Statement?
This amendment is consistent with the objectives and strategies outlined in the Local
Planning Policy Framework of the Port Phillip Planning Scheme.
In accordance with Clause 21.05-1 of the Municipal Strategic Statement, the vision is to
conserve and enhance the architectural and cultural heritage of Port Phillip with policy
seeking to:
•
Protect, conserve and enhance all identified significant and contributory places,
including buildings, trees and streetscapes.
•
Protect the original subdivision patterns within heritage places.
•
Support the restoration and renovation of heritage buildings and discourage their
demolition.
•
Encourage high quality design that positively contributes to identified heritage values.
•
Ensure that new development respects and enhances the scale, form and setbacks
of nearby heritage buildings.
•
Encourage urban consolidation only where it can be achieved without affecting
heritage significance.
•
Protect the identified significant heritage features and qualities of Port Phillip’s
gardens and parks.
•
Ensure that development in public spaces is consistent with the identified heritage
characteristics of Port Phillip’s heritage places.
•
Maintain the visual prominence of historic buildings, local landmarks and icons.
•
Conserve, enhance and recover the traditional character of laneways and narrow
streets.
To achieve this vision, Clause 22.04 – Heritage Policy (Local Planning Policies) outlines the
objectives that are relevant to the conservation and protection of heritage places, as follows:
•
To retain and conserve all significant and contributory heritage places.
•
To discourage the demolition of significant and contributory heritage places.
•
To ensure all new development and redevelopment of significant and contributory
places is respectfully and harmoniously integrated with the surrounding character.
•
To promote design excellence (in terms of building siting, scale, massing, articulation
and materials) which clearly and positively supports the heritage significance of all
Heritage Overlay areas.
•
To ensure that new development and any publicly visible additions and/or alterations
in or to a heritage place maintains the significance of the heritage place and employs
a contextual design approach.
•
To encourage development, in particular use of materials, that responds to the
historic character of laneways and to minimise elements that adversely impact on that
character.
•
To ensure that reconstruction and repair of significant heritage bluestone kerb and
channelling, bluestone laneways and significant concrete kerb and channel is carried
out in a way that reflects as closely as possible the original appearance.
Does the Amendment make proper use of the Victoria Planning Provisions?
The Schedule to the Heritage Overlay is the appropriate Victoria Planning Provision tool for
the introduction of heritage controls over the properties identified to be of heritage
significance.
Application of the Heritage Overlay in the Port Phillip Planning Scheme is consistent with
Practice Note 1 - Applying the Heritage Overlay.
How does the Amendment address the views of any relevant agency?
The Metropolitan Planning Authority (MPA) is leading planning and infrastructure coordination in the Fishermans Bend Urban Renewal Area (FBURA). The MPA was consulted
prior to the drafting of Amendment C117.
Does the Amendment address relevant requirements of the Transport
Integration Act 2010?
The amendment is not likely to have a significant impact on the transport system, as defined
by section 3 of the Transport Integration Act 2010, as the amendment applies to a small
number of properties predominantly in the Montague and Wirraway Precincts of FBURA.
Transport priorities, including road widening are not proposed in the Fishermans Bend
Strategic Framework Plan for any of the 15 sites affected by this amendment.
Resource and administrative costs
•
What impact will the new planning provisions have on the resource and
administrative costs of the responsible authority?
The Amendment will marginally increase the number of properties affected by the Heritage
Overlay and therefore increase the number of permits triggered under the Heritage Overlay
provision. However, the amendment also makes changes to heritage gradings where there
has either been an obvious error or where the building has been demolished. Ensuring the
currency of heritage controls provides improved and more streamlined decision-making by
Council, thereby reducing resource and administrative costs over the long term. The
amendment is therefore not expected to have a significant impact upon the resources and
administrative costs of Council.
Where you may inspect this Amendment
The Amendment is available for public inspection, free of charge, during office hours at the
following places:
Port Phillip City Council Municipal Offices:
• Port Melbourne Town Hall (& Library), 333 Bay Street, Port Melbourne;
• South Melbourne Town Hall, 208-220 Bank Street, South Melbourne, and
• St Kilda Town Hall, Cnr Carlisle Street and Brighton Road, St Kilda.
Note: Strategic Planning officers are available at the St Kilda Town Hall to assist with enquiries.
Libraries:
• St Kilda Library, 150 Carlisle Street, St. Kilda.
• Emerald Hill Library, 208-220 Bank Street, South Melbourne.
• Port Melbourne Library, 333 Bay Street, Port Melbourne;
Online:
Port Phillip City Council website
http://www.portphillip.vic.gov.au/planning_amendments.htm
Department of Transport, Planning and Local Infrastructure website
www.dtpli.vic.gov.au/publicinspection
Submissions
Any person who may be affected by the Amendment may make a submission to the planning
authority. Submissions about the Amendment must be received by [Date TBA].
A submission must be sent to:
Co-ordinator City Strategy
City of Port Phillip
Private Bag 3
PO St Kilda VIC 3182
Or by email to: strategicplanning@portphillip.vic.gov.au
Panel hearing dates
In accordance with clause 4(2) of Ministerial Direction No.15 the following panel hearing
dates have been set for this amendment:
• Directions Hearing: [Date TBA]
• Panel Hearing: [Date TBA].
Planning and Environment Act 1987
PORT PHILLIP PLANNING SCHEME
AMENDMENT C117
INSTRUCTION SHEET
The planning authority for this amendment is the City of Port Phillip.
The Port Phillip Planning Scheme is amended as follows:
Planning Scheme Maps
The Planning Scheme Maps are amended by a total of five attached map sheets.
Overlay Maps
1.
Amend Planning Scheme Maps No 1HO, 2HO and 3HO in the manner shown on the five attached
maps marked “Port Phillip Planning Scheme, Amendment C117”.
Planning Scheme Ordinance
The Planning Scheme Ordinance is amended as follows:
2.
In Local Planning Policy Framework – replace Clause 21.07 (Incorporated Documents) with a new
Clause 21.07 in the form of the attached document.
3.
In Local Planning Policy Framework – replace Clause 22.04 (Heritage Policy) with a new Clause
22.04 in the form of the attached document.
4.
In Overlays – Clause 43.01 (Heritage Overlay), replace the Schedule with a new Schedule in the
form of the attached document.
5.
In Incorporated Documents – Clause 81.01, replace the Schedule with a new Schedule in the form
of the attached document.
End of document
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PORT PHILLIP PLANNING SCHEME
21.07
INCORPORATED DOCUMENTS
28/05/2015
C104
Proposed
C117
St Kilda Foreshore Urban Design Framework (2002)
Port Phillip Heritage Review - Volumes 1-6 (Version 16, 2013 17, 2015) (Includes the City
of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map and the City of Port Phillip Neighbourhood Character
Policy Map).
Reference documents
General
Community Plan (2007)
Council Plan 2009 - 2013
Health and Wellbeing Strategy (2007)
Environmental sustainability
Toward Zero Sustainable Environment Strategy (2007)
Sustainable Design Policy (2006)
Sustainable Transport Framework (2004)
Sustainable Transport Policy and Parking Rates (Ratio, 2007)
Land use
Port Phillip Housing Strategy (2007)
Port Phillip Activity Centres Implementation Plan (2007)
Port Phillip Activity Centres Strategy (2006)
Port Phillip Industry and Business Strategy (2003)
Open Space Strategy (2006, Revised 2009)
Open Space Strategy Implementation Plan Framework (2009)
Foreshore Management Plan (2004)
Built form
Port Phillip Housing Strategy (2007)
Port Phillip Design Manual (2000)
Neighbourhoods
South Melbourne Central Structure Plan (2007)
South Melbourne Central Urban Design Framework (2007)
Ormond Road Urban Design Guidelines (2007)
Beacon Cove Neighbourhood Character Guidelines 2010 (SJB Urban, 2010)
Carlisle Street Activity Centre Structure Plan (2009)
Carlisle Street Urban Design Framework (2009)
Design Guidelines 1-7 Waterfront Place, Port Melbourne (2014)
MUNICIPAL STRATEGIC STATEMENT - CLAUSE 21.07
PAGE 1 OF 1
PORT PHILLIP PLANNING SCHEME
22.04
HERITAGE POLICY
16/05/2013
C89
Proposed
C117
This policy applies to all land within a Heritage Overlay.
22.04-1
Policy Basis
27/06/2011
C62
This policy:
 builds on the SPPF heritage objective in Clause 15.03 to local circumstances;
 builds on the MSS objectives in Clause 21.05-1 relating to local heritage conservation,
and
 applies the findings of the Port Phillip Heritage Review, Volumes 1-6.
22.04-2
27/06/2011
C62
Objectives
 To retain and conserve all significant and contributory heritage places.
 To discourage the demolition of significant and contributory heritage places.
 To ensure all new development and redevelopment of significant and contributory
places is respectfully and harmoniously integrated with the surrounding character.
 To promote design excellence (in terms of building siting, scale, massing, articulation
and materials) which clearly and positively supports the heritage significance of all
Heritage Overlay areas.
 To ensure that new development and any publicly visible additions and/or alterations in
or to a heritage place maintains the significance of the heritage place and employs a
contextual design approach.
 To encourage development, in particular use of materials, that responds to the historic
character of laneways and to minimise elements that adversely impact on that character.
 To ensure that reconstruction and repair of significant heritage bluestone kerb and
channelling, bluestone laneways and significant concrete kerb and channel is carried out
in a way that reflects as closely as possible the original appearance.
22.04-3
08/12/2011
C72
Policy
General
It is policy to:
 Encourage the restoration and reconstruction of heritage places (including the accurate
reconstruction of original streetscape elements such as verandahs) in all areas, and in
particular, in intact or substantially consistent streetscapes in the South Melbourne,
Albert Park, Middle Park and St Kilda West Heritage Overlay areas (HO440, HO441,
HO442, HO443, HO444, HO445 or HO446).
 Encourage the removal of alterations and additions that detract from the heritage
significance of a heritage place.
 Encourage new development to be respectful of the scale, form, siting and setbacks of
nearby significant and contributory buildings.
 Disregard the impact of buildings that are obviously atypical to the character of the
streetscape when determining the appropriate mass and scale for new buildings or
extensions or upper storey additions.
 Encourage a contextual design approach for additions and/or alterations to a heritage
place or for new development. A contextual approach is where the alteration, addition
or new development incorporates an interpretive design approach, derived through
comprehensive research and analysis. New development should sit comfortably and
harmoniously integrate with the site and within the streetscape and not diminish, detract
from or compete with the significance of the heritage place or streetscape character.
This approach can include
LOCAL P LANNING POLICIES - CLAUSE 22.04
PAGE 1 OF 6
PORT PHILLIP PLANNING SCHEME
 Information which shows the form of the proposal from oblique views from
neighbouring streetscapes where any part of the proposal will be visible.
 A landscape plan.
22.04-5
27/06/2011
C62
Definitions
Heritage place is a place that has identified heritage value and could include a site, area,
building, group of buildings, structure, archaeological site, tree, garden, geological
formation, fossil site, habitat or other place of natural or cultural significance and its
associated land.
Significant heritage places include buildings and surrounds that are individually important
places of either State, regional or local heritage significance and are places that together
within an identified area, are part of the significance of a Heritage Overlay. These places
are included in a Heritage Overlay either as an area or as an individually listed heritage
place and are coloured “red” on the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map in the Port
Phillip Heritage Review, Volume 1-6.
Contributory heritage places include buildings and surrounds that are representative
heritage places of local significance which contribute to the significance of the Heritage
Overlay area. They may have been considerably altered but have the potential to be
conserved. They are included in a Heritage Overlay and are coloured “green” on the City of
Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map, in the Port Phillip Heritage Review, Volume 1-6.
Non-contributory properties are buildings that are neither significant nor contributory.
They are included in a Heritage Overlay and have no colour on the City of Port Phillip
Heritage Policy Map in the Port Phillip Heritage Review, Volume 1-6. However any new
development on these sites may impact on the significance of the Heritage Overlay, and
should therefore consider the heritage characteristics of any adjoining heritage place and
the streetscape as covered in this policy.
22.04-6
16/05/2013
C89
Proposed
C117
22.04-7
16/05/2013
C89
Proposed
C117
Incorporated Document
Port Phillip Heritage Review – Volumes 1 – 6 (Version 16, 2013 17, 2015) (includes the
City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map and the City of Port Phillip Neighbourhood
Character Policy Map).
Reference Documents
Port Phillip Design Manual, 2000 including:
 Fishermans Bend Guidelines (Updated 2010)
 Garden City Guidelines (Updated 2010)
 Dunstan Estate Guidelines (2007)
 Heritage Kerbs, Channels and Laneways Guideline (2006)
Review of Heritage Overlay 3, Heritage Alliance (2009) & Built Heritage (2010).
Review of Heritage Overlay 1 Port Melbourne – Outcomes and Recommendations (Lovell
Chen, July 2011)
Review of Heritage Overlay 1 Port Melbourne – Stage 2 Review – Summary Report
(Lovell Chen, December 2012)
Fishermans Bend Heritage Study (Biosis Pty Ltd, 2013)
Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments (Biosis Pty Ltd, 2015)
LOCAL P LANNING POLICIES - CLAUSE 22.04
PAGE 6 OF 6
PORT PHILLIP PLANNING SCHEME
13/02/2014
C64
Proposed
C117
PS
Map
Ref
HO1
SCHEDULE TO THE HERITAGE OVERLAY
The requirements of this overlay apply to both the heritage place and its associated land.
Heritage Place
Port Melbourne
External
Paint
Controls
Apply?
Internal
Alteration
Controls
Apply?
Tree
Controls
Apply?
Outbuildings or
fences which
are not exempt
under Clause
43.01-3
Included on
the Victorian
Heritage
Register
under the
Heritage Act
1995?
Prohibited
uses may
be
permitted?
Name of
Incorporated
Plan under
Clause 43.01-2
Aboriginal
heritage
place?
Yes
No
Yes – but No
limited to
the
Port
Melbourne
Light Rail
Reserve,
area zoned
PPRZ.
No
No
No
Area generally bound by Clark Street to the north,
Ingles and Boundary Streets to the east, Pickles
Street to the south and Beach Street to the west
HO2
The Garden City Housing Estates
Port Melbourne
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO4
City Rd Industrial Area
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO5
St Kilda Hill
Yes
Area generally bound by Fitzroy St to the North,
Barkly St to the east, Carlisle St to the south and
Port Phillip Bay to the west
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO6
St Kilda East
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
St Kilda, Elwood, Balaclava, Ripponlea
Yes
Area generally bound by Carlisle St to the north,
Glenhuntly Rd to the south, Hotham St to the east
and Mitford St and Broadway to the west
No
No
No
No
No
No
South Melbourne
Area generally bound by Wellington Rd and
Dandenong Rd to the north, varying degrees of
Alma Rd to the south, St Kilda Rd to the east and
Orrong Rd to the west
HO7
HERITAGE OVERLAY - SCHEDULE
PAGE 1 OF 41
PORT PHILLIP PLANNING SCHEME
PS
Map
Ref
Heritage Place
External
Paint
Controls
Apply?
Internal
Alteration
Controls
Apply?
Tree
Controls
Apply?
Outbuildings or
fences which
are not exempt
under Clause
43.01-3
Included on
the Victorian
Heritage
Register
under the
Heritage Act
1995?
Prohibited
uses may
be
permitted?
Name of
Incorporated
Plan under
Clause 43.01-2
Aboriginal
heritage
place?
Kings Way to the north, Queens Rd to the east,
Albert Rd to the south and Nelson and Ferrars St
to the west
HO441
St Vincent Place East
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO442
Albert Park Residential Precinct / Part Montague Yes
Precinct
Area generally bound by Pickles St to the North,
Ferrars St to the east, Kerferd Rd to the south
and Beaconsfield Parade to the west (including
shops and dwellings along City Road / Montague
Street)
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO443
Bridport Street / Victoria Avenue Commercial Yes
Precinct
Albert Park
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO444
Middle Park and St Kilda West Precinct
Yes
Bound by Kerferd Rd, Canterbury Rd, Fitzroy St
and Beaconsfield Parade
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO445
Armstrong Street Commercial Precinct
Middle Park
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO446
Albert Park Lake Precinct
Yes
Area generally bound by Fitzroy St to the south,
Queens Road to the east, Albert Road to the
North and Canterbury Road to the west
No
No
No
No
No
Albert Park Master No
plan
HO9
Christ Church complex
-
-
-
Yes
Ref No H996
Yes
South Melbourne
Bound By Park St, Cecil St, Albert Rd
Ferrars St
14 Acland St and 1 St Leonards Ave, St Kilda
HERITAGE OVERLAY - SCHEDULE
and
-
No
PAGE 5 OF 41
PORT PHILLIP PLANNING SCHEME
PS
Map
Ref
Heritage Place
External
Paint
Controls
Apply?
Internal
Alteration
Controls
Apply?
Tree
Controls
Apply?
Outbuildings or
fences which
are not exempt
under Clause
43.01-3
Included on
the Victorian
Heritage
Register
under the
Heritage Act
1995?
Prohibited
uses may
be
permitted?
Name of
Incorporated
Plan under
Clause 43.01-2
Aboriginal
heritage
place?
HO447
Port Melbourne Cricket Ground
525 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO448
Edwards Park
219 Esplanade East, Port Melbourne
No
No
Yes
No
No
No
No
HO467
Johns & Waygood Complex
400-406 City Road, Southbank
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO468
Johns & Waygood Complex
408 City Road, Southbank
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO469
Johns & Waygood Complex
412-430 City Road, Southbank
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO470
Electricity Substation
Yes
98 Johnson Street (corner of Johnson and
Munro Streets)
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO471
Horse Trough
Yes
Ingles Street, near intersection of Ingles Street
and Williamstown Road
No
No
No
No
No
No
HO472
Rootes / Chrysler Factory
Yes
19 Salmon Street, 291 & 323-337 Williamstown
Road, 7-9 & 21 Smith Street and 332 Plummer
Street, Port Melbourne
Yes – 19 No
Salmon
Street only
No
No
No
No
* Included on an interim basis
HERITAGE OVERLAY - SCHEDULE
PAGE 41 OF 41
PORT PHILLIP PLANNING SCHEME
28/05/2015
C104
Proposed
C117
SCHEDULE TO CLAUSE 81.01
Name of document
Introduced by:
114-124 Albert Road, South Melbourne
NPS1
12 Acland Street, St Kilda
NPS1
12B Chapel Street, St Kilda, September 2013
C96
1-29 Albert Road, South Melbourne
NPS1
132-134 Bank Street and 223-227 Moray Street, South Melbourne
NPS1
14-16 The Esplanade, St Kilda
NPS1
167 Fitzroy Street, St Kilda
NPS1
29 Fitzroy Street, St Kilda
NPS1
315-317 Beaconsfield Parade and 109-111 Park Street, St Kilda
NPS1
360-370 St Kilda Road, Melbourne, Revised November 2001
C33
400 - 430 City Road, Southbank, December 2010
C85
400-410 City Road, 2-48 Cecil Street and 127-135 Whiteman Street,
South Melbourne
NPS1
414-416 and 418 St Kilda Road, Melbourne
NPS1
582-584 St Kilda Road, Melbourne
NPS1
89 Fitzroy Street, St Kilda
NPS1
Acland Courtyard Development Plan
NPS1
Albert Park Master Plan
NPS1
Beacon Cove Development, Port Melbourne (revised) 2013
(including Beacon Cove Concept Plan No.1, Beacon Cove Precinct Plan
No. 1, Beacon Cove Residential Component Guidelines No.1 and Plan
named Beacon Cove Port Melbourne showing areas subject to an
environmental audit)
C104
Becton, Port Melbourne Development Concept Plan and Building
Envelope Plan
NPS1
City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map (Updated
2013 September 2015) (Part of Port Phillip Heritage Review)
January
C89 C117
City of Port Phillip Neighbourhood Character Policy Map
(Updated January 2013 September 2015) (Part of Port Phillip Heritage
Review)
C89 C117
Fishermans Bend Strategic Framework Plan, July 2014 (amended April
2015)
GC29
Incorporated Plan - Sea Wall and Promenade - September 2008
C70
Luna Park
NPS1
M1 Redevelopment Project, October 2006
C58
Major Promotion Signs – Permit Provisions December 2008
C100
Melbourne CityLink Project – Advertising Sign Locations, November 2003
VC20
Melbourne Convention Centre Development, Southbank and North Wharf
redevelopment, Docklands, April 2006
C56
Melbourne Sports & Aquatic Centre, Albert Park
NPS1
Part 61 Bertie Street, Port Melbourne, November 2001
C33
Port Melbourne Mixed Use Area Development Contributions Plan
C13
INCORPORATED DOCUMENTS - CLAUSE 81.01 - SCHEDULE
PAGE 1 OF 2
PORT PHILLIP PLANNING SCHEME
Name of document
Introduced by:
(Streetscape Works) July 1999
Port Phillip Heritage Review - Volumes 1-6 (Version 16, 2013 17, 2015)
C89 C117
Prince Apartments Stage 2 Development Plans – 29 Fitzroy Street, St
Kilda (December 2013)
C94
Shrine of Remembrance Vista Controls, April 2014
C140
St Kilda Foreshore Urban Design Framework, 2002
C36
St Kilda Seabaths
NPS1
St Kilda Station Redevelopment plans prepared by Billard Leece
Partnership dated July 1999
C9
State Sports Facilities Project Albert Park, September 2009 (amended
May 2012)
C120
Stokehouse – 30 Jacka Boulevard, St Kilda, July 2014
C110
West Beach Pavilion Precinct Incorporated Plan, 2004
C36
INCORPORATED DOCUMENTS - CLAUSE 81.01 - SCHEDULE
PAGE 2 OF 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Laycock & Sons, Laconia Woollen Mills
Formerly:
Laycock Son and Company (woollen mills)
Address:
179-185 Normanby Road
South Melbourne
Category:
Industrial
Constructed:
1904
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C29 & C117
Comment:
Updated Citation
Citation No:
45
Heritage Precinct Overlay: None
Heritage Overlay(s): HO217
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The former Laconia Woollen Mill of Frederick Laycock & son, is located at the corner of Normanby Road
and the former Doran Street South Melbourne. It was built in 1904, and stands as a five storey brick, steel
and concrete industrial building with some alterations to windows and interior fit-out in recent decades.
How is it Significant?
The Laconia Woollen Mill is of historical, social, technical and aesthetic (architectural) significance to the
State of Victoria.
Why is it Significant?
Laycock and Son's Laconia Woollen Mill is historically significant as a large and influential textile mill of the
early 20th century (Criterion A). The building recalls South Melbourne's former role as the cradle of the
furniture trades and as a supplier to the upholstery and furniture industry, along with the first retail outlets
for Maples, Tyes and Anderson's furniture having their origins within the municipality. It is important also as
the home of the brand name "Laconia" that gained widespread acceptance in Victorian and Australian
households throughout the inter-war period and during the early post war years.
The building is also historically significant at the state level as an exceptionally rare and one of the most
intact and representative multi-story mills, reflecting changes in manufacturing industry and increasing
density of development in inner suburbs, which forced manufacturers to build up due to the limits on
expansion caused by rising property values (Criterion B). The mill is therefore a precursor to a further shift
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 45
in manufacture which saw factories moved out of the inner suburbs, to more distant fringe industrial areas,
particularly in response to the introduction of metropolitan planning and separate industrial zoning from
the 1950s.
The place is of architectural significance as a rare surviving example of early twentieth century textile mill,
(Criterion B) representing the peak of the industry and sophisticated design of the period. While single
storey weaving sheds of the late nineteenth century are represented in various Geelong woollen mills, the
space-saving multi-storeyed factories were rare in Melbourne, some such as Collingwood boot factories
were forced upward by the need for more production in confined areas near densely populated workers
suburbs and urban transportation (Criterion A).
The place is of aesthetic significance for its landmark quality, and representative of the state of industrial
architecture and design in the early 20th century (Criterion E). The use of sky-signs, both in the former
neon and surviving raised cement letters reflects the growing impact of advertising and the prominence of
the iconic building as an expression of the brand.
Further investigation may establish technical significance in respect of early fire proof building design
(Criterion F).
The place is of Social significance (Criterion G) for the place it fills in connecting the much changed local
community to its historical past. Although the connection between current residents and the old industries
is waning as the demographics of Port and South Melbourne changes, social significance remains though the
local attachment to the area's history.
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
Andrew Ward, City of Port Phillip Heritage Review, 1998
Description
The former woollen mills of Laycock and Son and Co. were built at the corner of Normanby Road and
Doran Street, South Melbourne, in 1904. The building is five storeys, initially intended for weaving
machinery, and so has high capacity load bearing concrete floors, supported on load-bearing external walls
with brick pilasters and rendered spandrels to the facade featuring rendered parapets, raised in the centre
with the "Laconia Woollen Mills" and Laycock Son & Co in cast cement. Prominent down spouts with large
rectangular rainheads flanking the parapet, frame the building, running down the sides until recessed in the
last 2 metres above the pavement.
A cursive script animated neon sign depicting "Laconia" once crowned the building, facing towards the city
and was visible from Princes Bridge.
Internal structure has a grid of riveted steel (or possibly wrought iron) columns and beams, with jack arch
cinder concrete floors. The windows have been replaced and a fire stair in similar brown brick with banded
concrete floors expressed externally has been constructed in the south west corner while a larger , service
core in the same style has been built against the west side wall. The present canopied entry is new, with the
original entry having been on the east side facing the former Doran Street – now a car park.
Page 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 45
History
Victoria's textile industry developed in the 1860s and 70s in response to post gold rush capitalisation,
industrialisation and expanding rural production. i A series of generally single-storey, sawtooth-roofed
spinning and weaving sheds were built in Melbourne's western suburbs and Geelong. Space was not a
limitation; however, these mills tended to serve export markets, and so were located for transport
connections to the rural hinterland and docks, whereas the domestic furniture trade required proximity to
the city to reach suppliers and buyers. Such inner city factories therefore 'grew upwards' from the turn of
the century, when space was at a premium. The Laconia Woollen Mill is the epitome of this process.
Frederick Laycock (1839-1909) and his son Burdett Laycock (1861-1941), were wool traders and blanket
and textile manufacturers, from Harden Beck near Bradford, Yorkshire, England. Frederick was second son
of Joshua Laycock, wool and waste dealer. Burdett learnt the woollen trade with his grandfather in
Bradford and at Thomas Baines's Cottingley mill. Frederick tried his luck (unsuccessfully) on the Victorian
goldfields in the 1850s, and returned to Melbourne in February 1879 where he entered a partnership with
William Hudson, a Brunswick rag merchant, and then with his son Burdett and F. & F. Pearson running a
cloth waste and flockmaking venture until its dissolution in March 1884. The Laycocks then were joined by
distant relative Samuel Nettleton in the firm of Laycock, Son & Nettleton, struggling at first and then
gradually diversifying into bedding manufacture and the importation of kapok, timber and upholsterers'
supplies. Commencing wool-scouring around this time, it was also one of the first Australian companies to
begin wool-carbonising in 1896. ii
By 1890 the company employed 81 people in Melbourne alone and had a capital investment of £30,000,
with a branch in Sydney, and in 1893 began selling wool on its own account in Bradford, England. In 1897
the company partnered with Alfred J. Littledike, a Brisbane bedding manufacturer, to expand into the
Queensland market.
Burnett Laycock gave evidence at the Tariff Commission in 1905, in a controversy over the identity of
certain flannels and whether they were imported or locally made. In 1906, the Laycocks were described as
bedding and wire mattress makers. They were suppliers to the local furniture industry including Maples and
Andersons, which both had their origins in South Melbourne. The company acquired a New Zealand woolbuying agency in 1906, and further expanded into wool tops-making around 1907, exporting to America
and Europe as well as spinning and combing in the 1930s. The company profited from government
contracts during the World War I, re-entered the Sydney market and established a short-lived buying
operation in South Africa during the 1920s. iii
Frederick Laycock died of cerebral haemorrhage in 1909, leaving an estate valued for probate in Victoria
and New South Wales at £55,858. After his father's death and dissolution of the partnership with Samuel
Nettleton in 1910, Burdett reorganized the firm as Laycock, Son & Co. and with his sons, Frederick
Cornelius and Edwin Burdett joining as full partners in 1915. Burdett was active in the Victorian Chamber
of Manufactures from 1911 to 1936, a member of the Central Wool Committee during World War I and
chairman of the Australian Woollen Manufacturers' Association.
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
3.12 Developing an Australian manufacturing capacity.
Page 3
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 45
Recommendations
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015 recommendations:
•
Nomination to Victorian Heritage Register
A Ward, Port Phillip Heritage Review, 1998 recommended inclusions:
•
Recommended for inclusion in the Schedule to the Heritage Overlay Table in the City of Port
Phillip Planning Scheme.
References
MMBW, 1954, Melbourne Metropolitan Planning Scheme Report.
Linge, G.J.R. Industrial Awakening, the Geography of Manufacturing in Australia, Melbourne University
Publishing
Graeme Cope, 'Laycock, Frederick (1839–1909)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of
Biography, Australian National University.
N. J. Holt, The House of Laycock, 1879-1959 (Melb, priv print, 1959); Age (Melbourne), 5 Apr 1909; Argus
(Melbourne), 5, 7 Apr 1909;
T. G. Parsons, Some Aspects of the Development of Manufacturing in Melbourne 1870 to 1890 (Ph.D.
thesis, Monash University, 1970);
Laycock, Son & Co. Pty Ltd papers (Australian National University Archives).
Miles Lewis, Australian Building, 7.03 Fireproof Construction, http://mileslewis.net/australianbuilding/pdf/07-cement-concrete/7.03-fireproof.pdf
MMBW detail plan, 477, 479 & 490, South Melbourne, 40Ft : inch, c 1897
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review citation 45
Laycock, Son and Company Proprietary Limited, Australian National University Archives, Deposit AU
NBAC 79
Linge, G.J.R, Industrial Awakening, the Geography of Manufacturing in Australia, Melbourne University
Publishing
i
Graeme Cope, 'Laycock, Frederick (1839–1909)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of
Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/laycock-frederick7126/text12295 [Accessed 9/7/15]
ii
N. J. Holt, The House of Laycock, 1879-1959 (Melb, priv print, 1959); Age (Melbourne), 5 Apr 1909;
Argus (Melbourne), 5, 7 Apr 1909; T. G. Parsons, Some Aspects of the Development of Manufacturing in
Melbourne 1870 to 1890 (Ph.D. thesis, Monash University, 1970); Laycock, Son & Co. Pty Ltd papers
(Australian National University Archives).
iii
Page 4
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Company
Factory
Formerly:
Dunlop Rubber Company of Australasia
Address:
66 Montague Street and 223-229
Normanby Road
Category:
Industrial
Constructed:
1913
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C29 & C117
Comment:
Updated Citation
Citation No:
2134
Heritage Precinct Overlay: None
Heritage Overlay(s): HO218
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The former mill of the Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Company at the corner of Normanby Road and Montague
Street South Melbourne, was built in 1913, and stands as a four storey brick industrial building with
additional levels added in recent decades.
How is it Significant?
The Dunlop Factory is of historical, aesthetic (architectural), social, and scientific (archaeological)
significance to the State of Victoria.
Why is it Significant?
The Dunlop Factory is historically and aesthetically important. It is historically important (Criterion A) for
its capacity to demonstrate an aspect of the former Dunlop complex at this location in South Melbourne,
recalling its pre-eminence as the Municipality's largest employer as well as the years during which South
Melbourne was a hub of Melbourne's industry. It is the last of more than twenty buildings that made up the
industrial complex, and the principal mill, which was given prominence in the company's advertising,
letterheads and other promotional material.
The place is also historically significant as physical evidence of the major change from steel wheeled horse
drawn vehicles of the 19th century to the rubber tyred motor vehicles of the twentieth century, as well as
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2134
the rise of the pneumatic tyred bicycle as a significant form of personal transport in the period 1880s to
1930s (Criterion A).
It is also historically significant as an especially rare building type, being one of only two multi storey
manufacturing plants in Port Phillip (with the Laconia Woollen mills) and perhaps a dozen such buildings left
in Melbourne (Criterion B).
In this respect it also helps interpret a past way of life through the strong link which once existed between
residential location and place of employment. It is aesthetically important (Criterion E) as a rare example of
multi storeyed industrial architectural form which demonstrates manufacturing practices at a time when
industrial processes employed large numbers of workers on cramped sites readily accessible by public
transport. It is important from this viewpoint also on account of its prominence which is symbolic of South
Melbourne's industrial past.
The place is of Social significance (Criterion G) as it fills in connecting the much changed local community
to its historical past. Although the connection between current residents and the old industries is waning as
the demographics of Port and South Melbourne changes, social significance remains though the local
attachment to the area's history. For example South Melbourne footballer Tommy Lahiff, made the point
that : "…you were either a wharfie or you worked in one of the factories. Swallow and Ariell’s, Kitchens,
Dunlops, Laycocks”. i The involvement of the Port Melbourne Historical and Preservation Society in
documenting and celebrating the industrial history of Port Melbourne, and more recently framing
submission to the Fishermans Bend URA process, demonstrates this social significance.
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
Andrew Ward, City of Port Phillip Heritage Review, 1998
Description
The surviving Dunlop Tyre Factory building consists of four original storeys with two additional levels
added set back from the parapets. The internal structure is partly brick load-bearing walls and columns and
presumably steel-framed with fire-proofing cover of brick and cement cladding. Original large timberframed windows are in place, but have been painted over, and heavy mesh screens installed.
There is evidence of former bridges that linked the building with other now demolished elements of the
Dunlop complex, in the form of projecting concrete beam ends, blocked up openings, and bolted brackets
to the external walls. The tower with surmounting flagpole is an important element; this would have
housed the dust extraction equipment, which was a critical component of the noxious and fibrous
processes which occurred in the building.
An off-form concrete-walled lift well has been added on the west side, two extra levels, set back from the
parapet, have been constructed on the roof, presumably with alterations to the bearing beams and posts.
History
The early 20th century saw some dramatic expansion of industry in the South Melbourne and Port
Melbourne area, partly as a result of government stimulus programs and then for the war effort itself. Port
Page 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2134
Melbourne prospered as an industrial location in the mid twentieth century. Amongst the factories
established in the 1920’s were the works of the engineering company, Malcolm Moore Pty. Ltd. on
Williamstown Road from 1927, Kellow-Faulkner had its showrooms on City Road, the Union Can
Company, and the Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Company, which erected a vast factory complex straddling
Normanby Road and Montague Street in 1901. The Southbank foundries, carriage builders and engineering
works gave rise to local the automotive industry, with various motor car showrooms, Holden and other
body builders spreading down City Road. Bicycle makers such as Malvern Star were also focussed in this
area. Along with the increasing demand for rubber tyres and the advances in pneumatic tyres, these and
more distant manufacturers could be reached by the immediately adjacent railway goods yards.
This was also an area of working class housing, particularly the Montague area, which was to become a slum
in hard times, and the more established Sandridge and Emerald Hill districts, ensuring an available local
workforce. Streets and housing were confined to an area south of City Road in 1866. The area to the north
was low lying and swampy and was not developed at the time. Subsequent, draining and filling enabled
development of the area to begin in the 1870’s. ii
John Boyde Dunlop patented the pneumatic tyre, initially for bicycles in 1888, and contracted to the first
factory for its manufacture in 1889. By 1902 it had its own manufacturing subsidiary, Dunlop Rubber Co.
Ltd, in Birmingham. Dunlop and his partner William Harvey du Cros, (businessman and president of the
Irish Cyclist’s Association) formed the Pneumatic Tyre and Booth’s Cycle Agency in 1889 and then the
Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Co. Ltd in Dublin to acquire and commercialise Dunlop’s patent for pneumatic
tyres. Commercial production began in late 1890 in Belfast, and rapidly grew to meet demand. Dunlop
assigned his patent to Du Cros in return for 1500 shares in the new company. Dunlop Tyre opened
divisions in Europe and North America in the 1890s, and a branch office and factory in Melbourne,
Australia in 1893. The English subsidiary was established in 1896. Despite sales success, financial difficulties,
led to the selloff of its overseas operations including the Australian division during 1899 to a Canadian
consortium, which incorporated it as the Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre Company of Australasia Ltd. iii
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
3.12 Developing an Australian manufacturing capacity.
Recommendations
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015 recommendations:
•
Nomination to Victorian Heritage Register
A Ward, Port Phillip Heritage Review, 1998 recommended inclusions:
•
Schedule to the Heritage Overlay Table in the City of Port Phillip Planning Scheme
References
Tommy Lahiff, quoted in “They can carry me out” Memories of Port Melbourne, (1991), p.57. cited in Port
Phillip Heritage Review Vol 1, p.52
Parish Plan South Melbourne, Sheet 2. PMHS.; Cox, “Hobson Bay and River Yarra”, 1866. SLV, Map Section
Oldbike blog, http://www.oldbike.eu/museum/tyres/pneumatic-tyres/the-pneumatic-tyre/
Page 3
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2134
MMBW litho plan no.19, c.1894.
eMelbourne Encyclopaedia, Dunlop Pneumatic Tyre
Co. http://www.emelbourne.net.au/biogs/EM00493b.htm
Susan Priestly, South Melbourne A History, Melbourne University Press, Carlton, 1995, pp.260-62.
Port Phillip Heritage Review, Version 6, 2006 Prepared for the City of Port Phillip by Andrew Ward,
Architectural Historian revised 2011
Ambrose Pratt (ed.), "The National Handbook of Australia’s Industries, Specialty Press, Melbourne", 1934,
Pp.286-290.
ANU Archives http://digitalcollections.anu.edu.au/handle/1885/48352
Kowsky , Francis R. Daylight Factory Style: An International Style
Substyle, http://www.buffaloah.com/a/archsty/daylight/index.html
Archive For ALBERT KAHN, Vertical Urban Factory, http://www.mascontext.com/tag/albert-kahn/
Tommy Lahiff, quoted in “They can carry me out” Memories of Port Melbourne, (1991), p.57. cited in
Ward 2011, Port Phillip Heritage Review Vol 1, p.52
i
Parish Plan South Melbourne, Sheet 2. PMHS.; Cox, “Hobson Bay and River Yarra”, 1866. SLV, Map
Section.
ii
Oldbike blog, http://www.oldbike.eu/museum/tyres/pneumatic-tyres/the-pneumatic-tyre/ [Accessed
23/07/15]
iii
Page 4
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Johns & Waygood
Formerly:
Johns Perry Industries
Address:
400-406 City Road, Southbank
Category:
Industrial
Constructed:
1909-10, 1920s, 1954-60
Designer:
Bates, Smart & McCutcheon
Amendment:
C52 & C117
Comment:
New Citation (previously 2317)
Citation No:
2361
Heritage Precinct Overlay: none
Heritage Overlay(s): HO467
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The former Johns & Waygood premises at 400 City Road, Southbank, is part of a large complex occupying
most of a triangular-shaped site bounded by City Road, Cecil Street and Whiteman Street. 400 City Road
comprises the four-story Bates, Smart & McCutcheon curtain-walled office building on the Cecil Street
corner (which replaced a c1909 classical commercial two-story brick office building), three-story brick
general store of c1910 adjoining a later three-story brick machine shop of c1920s, behind which are steelframed, sawtooth-roofed erection shops.
Commencing from a single workshop from c 1890, Johns & Waygood enlarged the works over several
years from 1909, with the initial office buildings constructed by James Wright of Armadale in 1909. This
became the headquarters and main manufacturing works of one of Australia’s oldest and most important
engineering firms.
How is it Significant?
The complex is of historical, and aesthetic (architectural) significance at the state level.
Why is it Significant?
Johns & Waygood is of historical significance as a remarkably complete collection of single and multi-storey
industrial buildings in a range of styles reflecting the range of functions and scale of this important
engineering form. The complex is chiefly notable as the headquarters for Johns and Waygood between
1910 and 1982. This is one of Victoria's oldest extant engineering establishments, and one of the most
important structural and general engineering establishments to have operated in South Melbourne. It was a
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2361
major supplier of lifts and steel work for general building constructions in Melbourne in the 1990s. The
complex is the oldest extant of any belonging to the larger engineering establishments which operated in
Melbourne before 1945. The role of Johns & Waygood in pioneering the development of passenger lifts,
contributed to the change to the face of modern Australian cities, in enabling multistoried office buildings to
be erected, where previously 4-5 stories were the limit of rentable space. The passenger lift eliminated stair
climbing as a constraint on building height.
Derived from the iron fabrication business of Peter Johns in 1856, the firm expanded to play a significant
role in the history of building construction in Australia, being pioneers in the provision of structural steel
framing, passenger lifts and metal-framed windows. The drawing office, established at City Road in 1909,
was also influential for much of the twentieth century, with many important architects and engineers
working or undertaking their early training there. The corner glass curtain-walled office tower (1960)
provides evidence of the further expansion of the firm in the post-war period.
The place is of architectural and aesthetic significance for its extensive array of distinctively designed
structures and a prominent visual element along City Road. The earlier portion at the western end, and on
Cecil Street, are fine examples of the utilitarian commercial architecture of the early twentieth century,
while the less intact portions still contribute to the overwhelming pre-War industrial streetscape. The
corner glass curtain-walled tower is a prominent element in its own right, of architectural significance as an
intact example of the work of noted mid-century commercial architects Bates, Smart & McCutcheon,
whose more prominent office blocks in City Road (for APM and Mobil) have been demolished.
The place therefore meets the HERCON heritage criteria as follows:
•
•
•
Criterion A: Importance to the course, or pattern, of our cultural or natural history – as one of
Victoria's oldest extant engineering establishments, and for its role in the development of the
elevator.
Criterion D: Importance in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or
natural places or environments – as the best surviving example of an engineering and fabricating
works for which Southbank was once the Melbourne concentration.
Criterion E: Importance in exhibiting particular aesthetic characteristics – for the early modernist
curtain wall elements of the main office building by architects Bates, Smart & McCutcheon.
Levels of Significance
Primary significance – Facades to Cecil Street and City Road, roofline and supporting trusses and
framework of sawtooth section.
No or limited significance – Altered elements including plate glass windows to ground floor, internal
partitions, and introduced party wall to 408 City Road.
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
The Port Phillip Heritage Review Version 16, 2013 Volume 1, p.109 (HO4 precinct citation)
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
A number of previous studies have identified the Johns & Waygood site as a place of cultural significance,
these include the following:
Page 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
•
•
•
•
Citation No: 2361
Yuncken Freeman Architects. 1975, South Melbourne conservation study' report to South
Melbourne Council June 2nd, 1975/
Willingham, Allan F. 1976. 'A survey of historic buildings in area no. 3 of the central business
district Melbourne' (Variable title: Melbourne CBD study)/ Victoria. Historic Buildings Preservation
Council; North Fitzroy, Vic.
Milner, P. (Peter). 1986, 'Some significant industrial sites in South Melbourne'/ [Melbourne]
[National Trust of Australia (Victoria)]
The Port Phillip Heritage Review Version 16, 2013 Volume 1, p.109 (HO4 precinct citation)
The site is classified by the National Trust:
•
National Trust classified File Number B6084 Level of Significance Regional Classified: 24/07/1989
Revised: October, 1989
Description
The complex comprises a series of multi-story buildings along Cecil Street with single-storey sawtoothroofed warehouse bays behind. The City Road/Cecil Street corner is occupied by the Bates Smart &
McCutcheon four-storey, curtain-walled, office building, with aluminum-framed windows and enameled
steel spandrels. This has recently been refurbished with the spandrels and framing painted black. Originally,
the framing was unpainted and polished, while the spandrels were a dark colour according to the Black &
White Sievers photographs. Floors and internal columns are of reinforced concrete, while the ground floor,
originally of brick, has been opened out to be continuous plate glass.
The eastern half of the site has two three-storeyed red brick buildings on Cecil Street. The older (No 48)
has rendered friezes, dentillated cornices and rectangular windows with projecting sills and timber-framed
double-hung sashes. Its ground floor has been altered with a tiled entry surround, and new windows with
metal-framed fixed sashes. Internally it employs steel framing and timber joist floors, with a south-facing
sawtooth roof hidden behind the brick parapet. The adjacent building (c.1920s) is of a simpler finish, with
unadorned face-brick façade, wide bays of double-hung sash windows. Ground floor openings have been
enlarged and replaced with aluminium frames.
Figure 1 - 1960s office on corner of Cecil Street, c1910 general store and c1920 machine shop on right.
Page 3
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2361
Condition and Integrity
The complex reflects the gradual change and expansion of the works over time, so that the original office
block was demolished to make way for the new curtain wall office, some changes to fenestration and other
details have been made, but the complex is otherwise highly intact. Recent renovations for new tenants
have ensured the buildings are currently in good condition.
History
Johns & Waygood has its origins in the combination in 1892 of the Australian Waygood Elevator Company
(formed 1888 as subsidiary of the English form of Richard Waygood) and the Johns' Hydraulic & General
Engineering Co., of Sturt Street, South Melbourne, also started in 1888, by Peter Johns. i By this time the
firm had expanded into the manufacture of steel girders, gas plants and passenger lifts. The last were
particularly lucrative, with the firm obtaining exclusive rights to build and sell the Waygood patent lift,
altering its name to Johns & Waygood in 1892. A number of prominent Melbourne entrepreneurs and
politicians formed the bulk of the shareholders. ii
In 1908, Johns & Waygood acquired a 3½ acre site in City Road for £4,900, then occupied by a boxing
stadium and factory. They engaged James Wright (1866-1947) of Armadale, to erect a new works
comprising offices, stock stores, blacksmith’s shop, structural shop, fitting and machine shop, power house,
stables, store sheds and a caretaker’s cottage. iii New plant for the manufacture of structural steel was
installed. iv A series of timber framed single story structures were built along City Road, evidently from east
to west with later saw-tooth roof buildings filling the space between these and the Cecil Street
buildings.The former Haig St Roadway was acquired and became part of the site in 1910.
Figure 2 - Main office from www.victorianplaces.com.au/taxonomy/term/4295
Additions carried out in 1954 by noted commercial architects Bates, Smart & McCutcheon culminated, in
1960, with the complete rebuilding of the main office, on the corner on Cecil Street and City Road, as a
four-storey curtain-walled building. At that time, the western portion was used for structural fabrication
and a plate yard, and the buildings on Cecil Street as a general store, machine shop and fitting shop.
Towards the end of that decade, the firm sold off the western half for private development with the
buildings being occupied by a variety of engineering works and later automotive auctions.
The structural steel part of the works was notable, particularly in the mid-20th century, when it was
responsible for steel work for many new city buildings, and large industrial complexes such as the new Ford
Page 4
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2361
Motor Co. plant in Geelong. The steelwork for the new King Street Bridge was also fabricated by Johns &
Waygood, employing welding techniques new to Australia at the time. v The company merged with the
Perry Engineering Company, in 1965 and became Johns Perry Ltd. in 1974. Boral Limited took them over in
1986 later becoming Advanced Building Technologies Group Pty. Ltd. and was still operating under that
name in 2006. vi
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
3.12 Developing an Australian manufacturing capacity.
Recommendations
Recommended inclusions:
•
Schedule to the Heritage Overlay Table in the City of Port Phillip Planning Scheme
•
Nominate to Victorian Heritage Register
References
Allom Lovell & Associates, City of South Melbourne Urban Conservation Study, 1987
Geoffrey Blainey Johns and Waygood Limited: one hundred years, 1856-1956 / [Melbourne: Johns and
Waygood, 1956
Charles Daley, The History of South Melbourne: From the foundation of settlement at Port Phillip to the
year 1938, Melbourne, 1940
Susan Marsden, 'Perry, Sir Frank Tennyson (1887–1965)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National
Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/perry-sir-franktennyson-11375/text20323, published first in hardcopy 2000, accessed online 9 December 2014.
Peter Milner, ‘Historic Engineering Sites in the Southbank Development Area’, report, August 1986.
Peter Milner, The significance of the Johns and Waygood site in City Road, South Melbourne University of
Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering. 1993.
Peter Milner, Johns and Waygood site in City Road, South Melbourne: a report to the Industrial History
Committee, National Trust of Australia (Victoria) University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and
Manufacturing Engineering, 1992
Peter Milner, Johns and Waygood University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing
Engineering, 1991.
David Wixted (Heritage Alliance), 2005, City of Port Phillip Heritage Review, Citations for Individual
Heritage Places, "City Road Industrial Precinct"
Port Phillip Planning Scheme Incorporated Document No. 8, 400-410 City Road, 2-48 Cecil Street and 127135 Whiteman Street South Melbourne, Port Phillip Planning
Scheme, http://planningschemes.dpcd.vic.gov.au/schemes/portphillip
Page 5
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2361
Geoffrey Blainey, 'Johns, Peter (1830–1899)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of
Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/johns-peter-3860/text6141,
published in hardcopy 1972, accessed online 18 February 2014.
i
G. Blainey (ed), One Hundred Years: Johns & Waygood Limited, 1856-1956 (Melb, 1956);Miles Lewis,
Australian Building, http://www.mileslewis.net/australian-building/pdf/09-services/9.09-mechanical.pdf citing,
Australasian Builder & Contractor's News, 3 September 1887, p 275, OR 10 September 1887, p284;
Australasian Builder & Contractor's News, 20 December 1889; Cannon, Land Boom and Bust, p 69.
Australasian Builder & Contractor's News, 3 September 1887, p 275, OR 10 September 1887,p 284
ii
National Trust Register B6084 Fmr Johns & Waygood; 'The Builder: J.S.G. Wright', Prahran Mechanics’
Institute Victorian and Local History Library, Newsletter No. 38 April 2005, http://www.pmi.net.au/wpcontent/uploads/Newsletter%20Archive/38NewsletterApr05.pdf
iii
iv
Pratt, A., The National Handbook of Australia’s Industries, The Specialty Press Pty. Ltd., (1934)pp. 257-58.
"VICTORIAN INDUSTRIES." The Argus (Melbourne, Vic.: 1848 - 1957) 9 Sep 1926: 26 Supplement: AN
HISTORIC SOUVENIR. Web. 21 May 2015, http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3807811.
v
Milner, P. (Peter) Johns and Waygood /P. Milner. University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and
Manufacturing Engineering, 1991; Milner, P. (Peter) Johns and Waygood site in City Road, South Melbourne:
a report to the Industrial History Committee, National Trust of Australia (Victoria) / P. Milner. [Parkville,
Vic.] : University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 1992; R A Skelton &
Company. Structural Steel: Handbook No 14. London: The Menpes Printing Company, 1910. [This copy
presented to John Coates & Company, engineers, of 115 Victoria Street, London; also bears the office
stamp of Johns & Waygood Ltd of City Road, South Melbourne]; Johns & Waygood Ltd papers (Australian
National University Archives)
vi
Page 6
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Johns & Waygood
Formerly:
Johns Perry Industries
Address:
408 City Road, Southbank
Category:
Industrial
Constructed:
1909-10
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C52 & C117
Comment:
New Citation (previously 2317)
Citation No:
2362
Heritage Precinct Overlay: none
Heritage Overlay(s): HO468
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The former Johns & Waygood premises at 408 City Road, Southbank, is part of a large complex occupying
most of a triangular-shaped site bounded by City Road, Cecil Street and Whiteman Street. 408 City Road
comprises a single and double level brick gable ended bays of c1909-10 with intact massive queen-post truss
roof clad in corrugated-iron.
Commencing from a single workshop from c 1890, Johns & Waygood enlarged the works over several
years from 1909, with the initial office buildings constructed by James Wright of Armadale in 1909. This
became the headquarters and main manufacturing works of one of Australia’s oldest and most important
engineering firms.
How is it Significant?
The complex is of historical, and aesthetic (architectural) significance at the state level.
Why is it Significant?
Johns & Waygood is of historical significance as a remarkably complete collection of single and multi- storey
industrial buildings in a range of styles reflecting the range of functions and scale of this important
engineering form. The complex is chiefly notable as the headquarters for Johns and Waygood between
1910 and 1982. This is one of Victoria's oldest extant engineering establishments, and one of the most
important structural and general engineering establishments to have operated in South Melbourne. It was a
major supplier of lifts and steel work for general building constructions in Melbourne in the 1990s. The
complex is the oldest extant of any belonging to the larger engineering establishments which operated in
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2362
Melbourne before 1945. The role of Johns & Waygood in pioneering the development of passenger lifts,
contributed to the change to the face of modern Australian cities, in enabling multistoried office buildings to
be erected, where previously 4-5 stories were the limit of rentable space. The passenger lift eliminated stair
climbing as a constraint on building height.
Derived from the iron fabrication business of Peter Johns in 1856, the firm expanded to play a significant
role in the history of building construction in Australia, being pioneers in the provision of structural steel
framing, passenger lifts and metal-framed windows. The drawing office, established at City Road in 1909,
was also influential for much of the twentieth century, with many important architects and engineers
working or undertaking their early training there.
The place is of architectural and aesthetic significance for its extensive array of distinctively designed
structures and a prominent visual element along City Road. The earlier portion at the western end, and on
Cecil Street, are fine examples of the utilitarian commercial architecture of the early twentieth century,
while the less intact portions still contribute to the overwhelming pre-War industrial streetscape. Some
individual elements such as the rose bosses on exposed steel girders above the doorways reflect the
concern for high levels of design and craftsmanship. The substantial and intact timber trusses and post
system, supporting former craneways are significant as rare remnants of early twentieth century industrial
building design.
The place therefore meets the HERCON heritage criteria as follows:
•
•
•
Criterion A: Importance to the course, or pattern, of our cultural or natural history – as one of
Victoria's oldest extant engineering establishments, and for its role in the development of the
elevator
Criterion D: Importance in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or
natural places or environments – as the best surviving example of an engineering and fabricating
works for which Southbank was once the Melbourne concentration
Criterion E: Importance in exhibiting particular aesthetic characteristics – for the distinctive brick
facades and timber interiors.
Levels of Significance
Primary significance – Facades to City Road, roofline and supporting trusses and timber framework
No or limited significance – Altered elements including plate glass windows to façade, internal partitions,
and introduced party wall to 400-406 City Road on the east and 412-430 City Road to the west.
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
The Port Phillip Heritage Review Version 16, 2013 Volume 1, p.109 (HO4 precinct citation)
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
A number of previous studies have identified the Johns & Waygood site as a place of cultural significance,
these include the following:
•
Yuncken Freeman Architects. 1975, South Melbourne conservation study' report to South
Melbourne Council June 2nd, 1975/
Page 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
•
•
•
Citation No: 2362
Willingham, Allan F. 1976. 'A survey of historic buildings in area no. 3 of the central business
district Melbourne' (Variable title: Melbourne CBD study)/ Victoria. Historic Buildings Preservation
Council; North Fitzroy, Vic.
Milner, P. (Peter). 1986, 'Some significant industrial sites in South Melbourne'/ [Melbourne]
[National Trust of Australia (Victoria)]
The Port Phillip Heritage Review Version 16, 2013 Volume 1, p.109 (HO4 precinct citation)
The site is classified by the National Trust:
•
National Trust classified File Number B6084 Level of Significance Regional Classified: 24/07/1989
Revised: October, 1989
Description
The complex comprises two brick gable ended bays along City Road extending through to Whiteman
Street, constructed with large steel and timber columns and queen-post truss roofs supporting large ridge
lanterns. Former crane rails are evident from the travelling cranes which once ran the length of the
building. A large diagonally timber truss supports the upper story at the front of the east bay. A glazed
rooflight fills the wallspace between the high and low bay roofs.
Figure 1 - Interior timber work showing roof trusses, posts and later brick party wall on east side
Condition and Integrity
The complex reflects the gradual change and expansion of the works over time. Large windows have been
let into the City Road façade, and new entrance doors installed, but the building is otherwise highly intact.
Recent renovations for new tenants have ensured the buildings are currently in good condition.
History
Johns & Waygood has its origins in the combination in 1892 of the Australian Waygood Elevator Company
(formed 1888 as subsidiary of the English form of Richard Waygood) and the Johns' Hydraulic & General
Engineering Co., of Sturt Street, South Melbourne, also started in 1888, by Peter Johns. i By this time the
firm had expanded into the manufacture of steel girders, gas plants and passenger lifts. The last were
Page 3
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2362
particularly lucrative, with the firm obtaining exclusive rights to build and sell the Waygood patent lift,
altering its name to Johns & Waygood in 1892. A number of prominent Melbourne entrepreneurs and
politicians formed the bulk of the shareholders. ii
In 1908, Johns & Waygood acquired a 3½ acre site in City Road for £4,900, then occupied by a boxing
stadium and factory. They engaged James Wright (1866-1947) of Armadale, to erect a new works
comprising offices, stock stores, blacksmith’s shop, structural shop, fitting and machine shop, power house,
stables, store sheds and a caretaker’s cottage. iii New plant for the manufacture of structural steel was
installed. iv A series of timber framed single story structures were built along City Road, evidently from east
to west with later saw-tooth roof buildings filling the space between these and the Cecil Street buildings.
The former Haig St Roadway was acquired and became part of the site in 1910.
Additions carried out in 1954 by noted commercial architects Bates, Smart & McCutcheon culminated, in
1960, with the complete rebuilding of the main office, on the corner on Cecil Street and City Road, as a
four-storey curtain-walled building. At that time, the western portion was used for structural fabrication
and a plate yard, and the buildings on Cecil Street as a general store, machine shop and fitting shop.
Towards the end of that decade, the firm sold off the western half for private development with the
buildings being occupied by a variety of engineering works and later automotive auctions.
The structural steel part of the works was notable, particularly in the mid-20th century, when it was
responsible for steel work for many new city buildings, and large industrial complexes such as the new Ford
Motor Co. plant in Geelong. The steelwork for the new King Street Bridge was also fabricated by Johns &
Waygood, employing welding techniques new to Australia at the time. v The company merged with the
Perry Engineering Company, in 1965 and became Johns Perry Ltd. in 1974. Boral Limited took them over in
1986 later becoming Advanced Building Technologies Group Pty. Ltd. and was still operating under that
name in 2006. vi
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
3.12 Developing an Australian manufacturing capacity.
Recommendations
Recommended inclusions:
•
Schedule to the Heritage Overlay Table in the City of Port Phillip Planning Scheme
•
Nominate to Victorian Heritage Register
References
Allom Lovell & Associates, City of South Melbourne Urban Conservation Study, 1987
Geoffrey Blainey Johns and Waygood Limited: one hundred years, 1856-1956 / [Melbourne: Johns and
Waygood, 1956
Charles Daley, The History of South Melbourne: From the foundation of settlement at Port Phillip to the
year 1938, Melbourne, 1940
Page 4
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2362
Susan Marsden, 'Perry, Sir Frank Tennyson (1887–1965)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National
Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/perry-sir-franktennyson-11375/text20323, published first in hardcopy 2000, accessed online 9 December 2014.
Peter Milner, ‘Historic Engineering Sites in the Southbank Development Area’, report, August 1986.
Peter Milner, The significance of the Johns and Waygood site in City Road, South Melbourne University of
Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering. 1993.
Peter Milner, Johns and Waygood site in City Road, South Melbourne: a report to the Industrial History
Committee, National Trust of Australia (Victoria) University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and
Manufacturing Engineering, 1992
Peter Milner, Johns and Waygood University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing
Engineering, 1991.
David Wixted (Heritage Alliance), 2005, City of Port Phillip Heritage Review, Citations for Individual
Heritage Places, "City Road Industrial Precinct"
Port Phillip Planning Scheme Incorporated Document No. 8, 400-410 City Road, 2-48 Cecil Street and 127135 Whiteman Street South Melbourne, Port Phillip Planning
Scheme, http://planningschemes.dpcd.vic.gov.au/schemes/portphillip
Geoffrey Blainey, 'Johns, Peter (1830–1899)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of
Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/johns-peter-3860/text6141,
published in hardcopy 1972, accessed online 18 February 2014.
i
G. Blainey (ed), One Hundred Years: Johns & Waygood Limited, 1856-1956 (Melb, 1956);Miles Lewis,
Australian Building, http://www.mileslewis.net/australian-building/pdf/09-services/9.09-mechanical.pdf citing,
Australasian Builder & Contractor's News, 3 September 1887, p 275, OR 10 September 1887, p284;
Australasian Builder & Contractor's News, 20 December 1889; Cannon, Land Boom and Bust, p 69.
Australasian Builder & Contractor's News, 3 September 1887, p 275, OR 10 September 1887,p 284
ii
National Trust Register B6084 Fmr Johns & Waygood; 'The Builder: J.S.G. Wright', Prahran Mechanics’
Institute Victorian and Local History Library, Newsletter No. 38 April 2005, http://www.pmi.net.au/wpcontent/uploads/Newsletter%20Archive/38NewsletterApr05.pdf
iii
iv
Pratt, A., The National Handbook of Australia’s Industries, The Specialty Press Pty. Ltd., (1934)pp. 257-58.
"VICTORIAN INDUSTRIES." The Argus (Melbourne, Vic.: 1848 - 1957) 9 Sep 1926: 26 Supplement: AN
HISTORIC SOUVENIR. Web. 21 May 2015 http://www.nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3807811.
v
Milner, P. (Peter) Johns and Waygood /P. Milner. University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and
Manufacturing Engineering, 1991; Milner, P. (Peter) Johns and Waygood site in City Road, South Melbourne:
a report to the Industrial History Committee, National Trust of Australia (Victoria) / P. Milner. [Parkville,
Vic.]: University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 1992; R A Skelton &
Company. Structural Steel: Handbook No 14. London: The Menpes Printing Company, 1910. [This copy
presented to John Coates & Company, engineers, of 115 Victoria Street, London; also bears the office
stamp of Johns & Waygood Ltd of City Road, South Melbourne]; Johns & Waygood Ltd papers (Australian
National University Archives)
vi
Page 5
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Johns & Waygood
Formerly:
Johns Perry Industries
Address:
412-430 City Road, Southbank
Category:
Industrial
Constructed:
1909-10
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C52 & C117
Comment:
New Citation (previously 2317)
Citation No:
2363
Heritage Precinct Overlay: none
Heritage Overlay(s): HO469
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The former Johns & Waygood premises at 408 City Road, Southbank, is part of a large complex occupying
most of a triangular-shaped site bounded by City Road, Cecil Street and Whiteman Street. 408 City Road
comprises a single and double level brick gable ended bays of c1909-10 with altered openings and intact
massive queen-post truss roof clad in corrugated-iron.
Commencing from a single workshop from c 1890, Johns & Waygood enlarged the works over several
years from 1909, with the initial office buildings constructed by James Wright of Armadale in 1909. This
became the headquarters and main manufacturing works of one of Australia’s oldest and most important
engineering firms.
How is it Significant?
The complex is of historical, and aesthetic (architectural) significance at the state level.
Why is it Significant?
Why is it Significant?
Johns & Waygood is of historical significance as a remarkably complete collection of single and multi- storey
industrial buildings in a range of styles reflecting the range of functions and scale of this important
engineering form. The complex is chiefly notable as the headquarters for Johns and Waygood between
1910 and 1982. This is one of Victoria's oldest extant engineering establishments, and one of the most
important structural and general engineering establishments to have operated in South Melbourne. It was a
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2363
major supplier of lifts and steel work for general building constructions in Melbourne in the 1990s. The
complex is the oldest extant of any belonging to the larger engineering establishments which operated in
Melbourne before 1945. The role of Johns & Waygood in pioneering the development of passenger lifts,
contributed to the change to the face of modern Australian cities, in enabling multistoried office buildings to
be erected, where previously 4-5 stories were the limit of rentable space. The passenger lift eliminated stair
climbing as a constraint on building height.
Derived from the iron fabrication business of Peter Johns in 1856, the firm expanded to play a significant
role in the history of building construction in Australia, being pioneers in the provision of structural steel
framing, passenger lifts and metal-framed windows. The drawing office, established at City Road in 1909,
was also influential for much of the twentieth century, with many important architects and engineers
working or undertaking their early training there.
The place is of architectural and aesthetic significance for its extensive array of distinctively designed
structures and a prominent visual element along City Road. The earlier portion at the western end, and on
Cecil Street, are fine examples of the utilitarian commercial architecture of the early twentieth century,
while the less intact portions still contribute to the overwhelming pre-War industrial streetscape. Some
individual elements such as the rose bosses on exposed steel girders above the doorways reflect the
concern for high levels of design and craftsmanship. The substantial and intact timber trusses and post
system, supporting former crane-ways are significant as rare remnants of early twentieth century industrial
building design.
The place therefore meets the HERCON heritage criteria as follows:
•
•
•
Criterion A: Importance to the course, or pattern, of our cultural or natural history – as one of
Victoria's oldest extant engineering establishments, and for its role in the development of the
elevator
Criterion D: Importance in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or
natural places or environments – as the best surviving example of an engineering and fabricating
works for which Southbank was once the Melbourne concentration
Criterion E: Importance in exhibiting particular aesthetic characteristics – for the distinctive brick
facades and timber interiors.
Levels of Significance
Primary significance – Facades to City Road and Whiteman Street, roofline and supporting trusses and
timber framework
No or limited significance – Altered elements including plate glass windows to facade, internal partitions,
and introduced party wall to 408 City Road on the east.
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
The Port Phillip Heritage Review Version 16, 2013 Volume 1, p.109 (HO4 precinct citation)
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
A number of previous studies have identified the Johns & Waygood site as a place of cultural significance,
these include the following:
Page 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
•
•
•
•
Citation No: 2363
Yuncken Freeman Architects. 1975, South Melbourne conservation study' report to South
Melbourne Council June 2nd, 1975/
Willingham, Allan F. 1976. 'A survey of historic buildings in area no. 3 of the central business
district Melbourne' (Variable title: Melbourne CBD study)/ Victoria. Historic Buildings Preservation
Council; North Fitzroy, Vic.
Milner, P. (Peter). 1986, 'Some significant industrial sites in South Melbourne'/ [Melbourne]
[National Trust of Australia (Victoria)]
The Port Phillip Heritage Review Version 16, 2013 Volume 1, p.109 (HO4 precinct citation)
The site is classified by the National Trust:
•
National Trust classified File Number B6084 Level of Significance Regional Classified: 24/07/1989
Revised: October, 1989
Description
The complex comprises five brick gable ended bays along City Road extending through to Whiteman
Street, constructed with timber columns and queen-post truss roofs supporting large ridge lanterns.
Former crane rails are evident from the travelling cranes which once ran the length of the building. The red
brick City Road façade has plain piers, dentillated cornices, timber bargeboards and turned finials with bullnosed sills and timber-framed window sashes.
Floors are concrete slab and the Whiteman Street façade is timber framed and clad in corrugated
galvanised iron. The roofs are also clad in CGI, with the end trusses at Whiteman Street cut at an acute
angle.
Figure 1 - Interior of easternmost bay looking north from the City Road end
Condition and Integrity
The complex reflects the gradual change and expansion of the works over time. Large windows have been
let into the City Road façade, and new entrance doors installed, but the building is otherwise highly intact.
Recent renovations for new tenants have ensured the buildings are currently in good condition.
Page 3
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2363
History
Johns & Waygood has its origins in the combination in 1892 of the Australian Waygood Elevator Company
(formed 1888 as subsidiary of the English form of Richard Waygood) and the Johns' Hydraulic & General
Engineering Co., of Sturt Street, South Melbourne, also started in 1888, by Peter Johns. i By this time the
firm had expanded into the manufacture of steel girders, gas plants and passenger lifts. The last were
particularly lucrative, with the firm obtaining exclusive rights to build and sell the Waygood patent lift,
altering its name to Johns & Waygood in 1892. A number of prominent Melbourne entrepreneurs and
politicians formed the bulk of the shareholders. ii
In 1908, Johns & Waygood acquired a 3½ acre site in City Road for £4,900, then occupied by a boxing
stadium and factory. They engaged James Wright (1866-1947) of Armadale, to erect a new works
comprising offices, stock stores, blacksmith’s shop, structural shop, fitting and machine shop, power house,
stables, store sheds and a caretaker’s cottage. iii New plant for the manufacture of structural steel was
installed. iv A series of timber framed single story structures were built along City Road, evidently from east
to west with later saw-tooth roof buildings filling the space between these and the Cecil Street buildings.
The former Haig St Roadway was acquired and became part of the site in 1910.
Additions carried out in 1954 by noted commercial architects Bates, Smart & McCutcheon culminated, in
1960, with the complete rebuilding of the main office, on the corner on Cecil Street and City Road, as a
four-storey curtain-walled building. At that time, the western portion was used for structural fabrication
and a plate yard, and the buildings on Cecil Street as a general store, machine shop and fitting shop.
Towards the end of that decade, the firm sold off the western half for private development with the
buildings being occupied by a variety of engineering works and later automotive auctions.
The structural steel part of the works was notable, particularly in the mid-20th century, when it was
responsible for steel work for many new city buildings, and large industrial complexes such as the new Ford
Motor Co. plant in Geelong. The steelwork for the new King Street Bridge was also fabricated by Johns &
Waygood, employing welding techniques new to Australia at the time. v The company merged with the
Perry Engineering Company, in 1965 and became Johns Perry Ltd. in 1974. Boral Limited took them over in
1986 later becoming Advanced Building Technologies Group Pty. Ltd. and was still operating under that
name in 2006. vi
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
3.12 Developing an Australian manufacturing capacity.
Recommendations
Recommended inclusions:
•
Schedule to the Heritage Overlay Table in the City of Port Phillip Planning Scheme
•
Nominate to Victorian Heritage Register
References
Allom Lovell & Associates, City of South Melbourne Urban Conservation Study, 1987
Page 4
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2363
Geoffrey Blainey Johns and Waygood Limited: one hundred years, 1856-1956 / [Melbourne: Johns and
Waygood, 1956
Charles Daley, The History of South Melbourne: From the foundation of settlement at Port Phillip to the
year 1938, Melbourne, 1940
Susan Marsden, 'Perry, Sir Frank Tennyson (1887–1965)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National
Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/perry-sir-franktennyson-11375/text20323, published first in hardcopy 2000, accessed online 9 December 2014.
Peter Milner, ‘Historic Engineering Sites in the Southbank Development Area’, report, August 1986.
Peter Milner, The significance of the Johns and Waygood site in City Road, South Melbourne University of
Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering. 1993.
Peter Milner, Johns and Waygood site in City Road, South Melbourne: a report to the Industrial History
Committee, National Trust of Australia (Victoria) University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and
Manufacturing Engineering, 1992
Peter Milner, Johns and Waygood University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing
Engineering, 1991.
David Wixted (Heritage Alliance), 2005, City of Port Phillip Heritage Review, Citations for Individual
Heritage Places, "City Road Industrial Precinct"
Port Phillip Planning Scheme Incorporated Document No. 8, 400-410 City Road, 2-48 Cecil Street and 127135 Whiteman Street South Melbourne, Port Phillip Planning
Scheme, http://planningschemes.dpcd.vic.gov.au/schemes/portphillip
Geoffrey Blainey, 'Johns, Peter (1830–1899)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of
Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/johns-peter-3860/text6141,
published in hardcopy 1972, accessed online 18 February 2014.
i
G. Blainey (ed), One Hundred Years: Johns & Waygood Limited, 1856-1956 (Melb, 1956);Miles Lewis,
Australian Building, http://www.mileslewis.net/australian-building/pdf/09-services/9.09-mechanical.pdf citing,
Australasian Builder & Contractor's News, 3 September 1887, p 275, OR 10 September 1887, p284;
Australasian Builder & Contractor's News, 20 December 1889; Cannon, Land Boom and Bust, p 69.
Australasian Builder & Contractor's News, 3 September 1887, p 275, OR 10 September 1887,p 284
ii
National Trust Register B6084 Fmr Johns & Waygood; 'The Builder: J.S.G. Wright', Prahran Mechanics’
Institute Victorian and Local History Library, Newsletter No. 38 April 2005, http://www.pmi.net.au/wpcontent/uploads/Newsletter%20Archive/38NewsletterApr05.pdf
iii
iv
Pratt, A., The National Handbook of Australia’s Industries, The Specialty Press Pty. Ltd., (1934)pp. 257-58.
"VICTORIAN INDUSTRIES." The Argus (Melbourne, Vic.: 1848 - 1957) 9 Sep 1926: 26 Supplement: AN
HISTORIC SOUVENIR. Web. 21 May 2015 http://www.nla.gov.au/nla.news-article3807811.
v
Milner, P. (Peter) Johns and Waygood /P. Milner. University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and
Manufacturing Engineering, 1991; Milner, P. (Peter) Johns and Waygood site in City Road, South Melbourne:
a report to the Industrial History Committee, National Trust of Australia (Victoria) / P. Milner. [Parkville,
Vic.]: University of Melbourne, Dept. of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 1992; R A Skelton &
Company. Structural Steel: Handbook No 14. London: The Menpes Printing Company, 1910. [This copy
vi
Page 5
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2363
presented to John Coates & Company, engineers, of 115 Victoria Street, London; also bears the office
stamp of Johns & Waygood Ltd of City Road, South Melbourne]; Johns & Waygood Ltd papers (Australian
National University Archives)
Page 6
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Electricity substation
Address:
98 Johnson Street, South Melbourne
(corner Munro & Johnson Streets)
Category:
Utilities: electricity
Constructed:
c1900-1910
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C115 & C117
Comment:
New Citation
Formerly:
Citation No:
2364
Heritage Precinct Overlay: None
Heritage Overlay(s): HO470
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The Johnston Street Substation is a small municipal electricity substation built in brick and erected around
1900-1910.
How is it Significant?
The complex is of historical and aesthetic (architectural) significance at the local level.
Why is it Significant?
The Johnston Street Substation is of historical significance as a rare early example of municipal electricity
substation predating the State Electricity Commission (SEC) and reflecting the expansion of the electricity
reticulation system to the growing South Melbourne industrial area (Criterion A).
The place is of architectural and aesthetic significance for its expression of the prevailing Edwardian
architectural treatment to an otherwise utilitarian building, given some character through the use of wide
eaves, complex roof line, surface treatments and the distinctive angled ogee roofed lantern (Criterion E).
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2364
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
Description
This is a small rectangular, freestanding pavilion form building with rendered brick walls and gambrel roof,
featuring a 45 degree angled lantern. The east side has an off-centre pedestrian door and large full-height
machinery service door. The wide eaves and ogee shaped lantern roof, along with timber mouldings on the
fascia and lantern, give a slightly oriental feel. Functional elements include a crane rail over the service door
and lightening conductors. Roof framing is timber and terracotta vents are positioned low on all walls.
The frieze atop the parapet wall has been reduced to a double cement rendered course with a deeply
recessed horizontal line. The other is a somewhat different design originally in an Arts and Craft or
Edwardian style.
History
Provision of Melbourne's reticulated electricity supply can be traced back to 1880-81, with the Melbourne
Electricity Co. and Victorian Electric Light Company constructing their generators in Melbourne and
Richmond. Melbourne was only the third city in the world to construct a public electricity supply system.
Substations to step down the high voltage from the distribution network to the consumer lines were
required in strategic locations. One of the first, constructed in 1882 below ground in Russell Place in the
CBD for the Victorian Electric Co, still survives. i
The inefficiencies and inadequate coverage of competing private electricity companies, led to the
development of municipal electricity suppliers, and ultimately nationalisation under the State Electricity
Commission. Electricity generation in Victoria had started out with a wide array of private companies
moving into the emerging market of electric light and power. To regulate these companies in 1896 the first
Electric Light and Power Act was introduced, determining which suppliers could operate and establishing
Municipal Electricity Undertakings. ii
The City of Melbourne commenced its own electricity supply in 1897, with a power station on Spencer
Street. iii
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
3.12. Developing an Australian manufacturing capacity.
5. Building Victoria’s industries and workforce
5.2 Developing a manufacturing capacity
Recommendations
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015 recommendations:
•
Include in Port Phillip Planning Scheme with site specific heritage overlay
Page 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2364
References
Melbourne Open House, Russell Place Substation
Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works Sewerage Plan 23 400ft to 1 inch, Melbourne and South
Melbourne, 1897; detail plan, 476, 477, 478 & 479, South Melbourne 1895
Vines, G. Cross Street Electrical Substation. Footscray Report for City of Maribyrnong July 2007
East Melbourne Conservation Study - Meredith Gould, 1985, City of Melbourne
Building Plans in possession of City of Maribyrnong (pers. com, Kerryn O’Keeffe, 23/6/08).
i
Melbourne Open House, Russell Place Substation
Waking Up in Geelong [blog], ‘Powering inner Melbourne: the forgotten Municipal Electricity
Undertakings’
http://wongm.com/2011/07/melbourne-municipal-electricity-undertakings/ [Accessed 9/07/15]
ii
City Power, ‘Fact Sheet: Electricity in Early Victoria’
https://www.powercor.com.au/media/1251/fact-sheet-electricity-in-early-victoria-and-through-the-years.pdf
[Accessed 9/07/15]
iii
Page 3
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Horse trough
Address:
Ingles Street road reserve, corner of
Ingles Street and Williamstown Road
Category:
Transport: road
Constructed:
c1920s
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C115 & C117
Comment:
New Citation
Formerly:
Citation No:
2365
Heritage Precinct Overlay: None
Heritage Overlay(s): HO471
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The Ingles Street horse trough is a small concrete and stone horse trough constructed by the local council
in about 1920, outside the Port Melbourne football ground near the corner of Williamstown Road.
How is it Significant?
The Ingles Street horse trough is of historical and aesthetic significance at the local level.
Why is it Significant?
The Ingles Street horse trough is of historical significance as a rare surviving example (Criterion B) of a
once ubiquitous municipal water trough, which provided an essential service to private and commercial
horses used for transport. The location of the trough demonstrates the importance of the former
Williamstown Short Road as a major goods transport thoroughfare, and the connection between the south
Melbourne industrial areas, the river and bay wharves, and the city. It may also be associated with patrons
of sporting events at the football ground (Criterion A).
The horse trough has aesthetic value as a now obsolete rustic structure in natural materials which visually
conveys a bygone era (Criterion E).
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2365
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
Description
The horse trough is constructed with a reinforced concrete semi-cylindrical trough set in a random rubble
stone base, tapering out at the bottom. It has a curved hood protecting the ballcock valve at one end.
It is located on the grassed verge on Ingles street about 50 metres north of Williamstown road in front of
the Port Melbourne Football Ground.
History
Horse troughs were provided initially by private individuals, hotels, stables and carriage companies, the
roads Boards and then municipal councils also contributed to what was an essential economic service.
The Melbourne City Council (MCC) standardised horse-trough design, requiring posts to be of red gum
and troughs to be of standard pattern. By the 1890s many private troughs were made in a wide variety of
styles. Most were installed outside hotels, such as in Bourke, King, Flinders and Spencer streets. The
Victorian Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (VSPCA), (founded 1871) supported the
provision of troughs for the welfare of the over-burdened and maltreated working horse, although councils
often issued notices to remove obstructive or dilapidated troughs. In 1908 an outbreak of equine influenza
forced the troughs to be kept empty. i
The Purple Cross Society erected 47 horse troughs in Melbourne suburbs, and distributed fodder and
waterproof cloths among cab drivers. George Bills, who had been active in the VSPCA, and made Life
Governor in 1924, left a bequest for the erection of horse troughs, and 300 had been erected across
Victoria by 1935. ii
Initially the troughs were individually designed and constructed, but by the early 1930s, J.B. Phillips, a
relative of the Bills, produced standard pre-cast concrete troughs in Auburn Road in Hawthorn.
Manufacture was later handled by Rocla. iii
With the rise of motorised transport, demand for the troughs declined and production had ceased by the
end of World War II.
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
3.4 Linking Victorians by road in the 20th century
Recommendations
Include in Port Phillip Planning Scheme with site specific heritage overlay.
Page 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2365
References
'Horses' eMelbourne encyclopaedia, http://www.emelbourne.net.au/biogs/EM00723b.htm eMelbourne
online encyclopedia
Billis water trough blog - http://billswatertroughs.wordpress.com/
Review of Heritage Overlay 1 (Port Melbourne) Lovell Chen 2011 Precinct Citation (HO1 Port Melbourne
Railway Reserves Sub-precinct)
Conservation Management Plan, Allom Lovell & Associates with John Patrick,
2001 http://www.shrine.org.au/The-Shrine-Story/Features-and-Memorials/ShrineReserve#sthash.lyRvMlJp.dpuf
Monuments Australia http://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/people/sport/display/32561-violet-murrell (garryowen-horse-trough)
'Horses' eMelbourne encyclopaedia
http://www.emelbourne.net.au/biogs/EM00723b.htm [Accessed 9/07/15]
i
ii
Ibid
Bills Horse Troughs
http://billswatertroughs.wordpress.com/ [Accessed 9/07/15]
iii
Page 3
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Rootes Group automobile factory
Formerly:
Chrysler Australia
Address:
19 Salmon Street, 291 & 323-337
Williamstown Road, 7-9 & 21 Smith
Street and 332 Plummer Street, Port
Melbourne
Category:
Industrial
Constructed:
1945, 1955
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C115 & C117
Comment:
New Citation
Citation No:
2366
Heritage Precinct Overlay: none
Heritage Overlay(s): HO472
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The Rootes factory is a large complex of steel and timber framed, and fibre cement and corrugated iron
clad factory buildings located on Plummer, Tarver, Smith and Salmon Streets in Fishermans Bend. It features
a two storey administration and amenities wing with art deco elements large single level sawtooth roof
production line buildings, the tall foundry building and separate paint shop, parts store and engine plant
buildings. The first parts of the buildings complex were constructed initially in the 1940s as an armored
vehicle factory for the war effort, and expanded in 1946 to accommodate manufacturing capacity for
Rootes Group cars (Hillman, Humber, Singer, Sunbeam, Talbot, Karrier, Commer). It was substantially
enlarged in the mid-1950s, and later used for manufacture of Chrysler vehicles.
How is it Significant?
The Rootes factory is of historical and aesthetic significance at the local level.
Why is it Significant?
The site is of historical significance as the site of Australian tank design during World War Two, and as one
of three major automotive factories established in Port Melbourne and Fishermans Bend in the mid
twentieth century in response to growing demand for private motor vehicles and government policy to
restrict imports in favour of locally produced manufacture.
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2366
The site is significant for its association with the top secret Commonwealth Department of Munitions
manufacturing programme during the Second World War as the experimental tank depot from 1941 and
then the Department of Aircraft Production Maintenance Division from 1943 to 1946. The complex
demonstrates the role of wartime manufacturing and the aviation industry which were important in
Fishermans Bend in the mid-20th century.
The complex is notable as the first place in Australia where British-designed vehicles were manufactured, as
a direct consequence of government sponsorship and the self-sufficient and protective economic policies of
the post-war period. It is also significant for the scale and form of the buildings, reflecting both the post
war austerity in their design, and the vast spaces needed for vehicle manufacture on production line
systems.
Together with the port, the motor industry sustained the area's working class population residing to the
south of the Williamstown Road at Garden City, Port Melbourne, Montague and further afield.
The place is of aesthetic and architectural significance for the Modernism of its Salmon Street office
buildings in an international style with some Moderne elements (sometimes referred to as Art Deco).
The place therefore meets the HERCON heritage criteria as follows:

Criterion A: Importance to the course, or pattern, of our cultural or natural history – as an
important post-war industrial development

Criterion E: Importance in exhibiting particular aesthetic characteristics – for the Art Deco
elements of the main office building
Levels of Significance
Primary significance – Buildings constructed up to 1946 including the Salmon Street office block and original
sawtooth factory section extending 50m to the east of this block; foundry and 3 bays of original sawtooth
factory east of Smith St & south of Tarver St; paint shop and office west of Tarver St. and north of
Williamstown Rd.
Secondary significance – Post 1947 additions including eastern part of Salmon Street block; factory blocks
west of Smith St. and south of Tarver St, Extension west of paint shop south of Tarver Street; two bays
east of Smith Street north of Williamstown Road.
No or limited significance – post 1960s additions and internal alterations, window shades, external
alterations such as recladding (but not original structural framing).
Levels of significance are shown in Figure 1.
Page 2 City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2366
Figure 1 - Levels of Significance
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
Description
Large factory complex of single level sawtooth roofed assembly buildings and two storey administrative
block in modernist style on Salmon Street. Separate sawtooth roof buildings for the paint shop, engine plan
and vehicle assembly are arranged either side of Tarver Street, which becomes an internal factory road on
the eastern part of the site. The buildings have south-facing welded and bolted steel truss framed and
sawtooth-roofed with timber purlins and wall joists, timber steel and some reinforced concrete posts, clad
primarily in corrugated asbestos cement sheets. Brick lower walls for impact resistance, support hoppersash steel-framed windows in continuous bands around most external walls. The interior space is mostly
uncluttered by partitions and has reinforced concrete floors throughout.
The two storey office and amenities wing on Salmon Street has a hipped roof of corrugated asbestos sheet
and a feature main entrance tower of rendered brick on the south end. This has elaborate brickwork
around the main entrance doors and plinth along the lower walls, and vertical window strips above a
projecting concrete porch, surmounted by a stylised clock, as well as rusticated quoins to the main bays.
Around the corner, the vertical window strips are repeated to double storey height with a finned flagpole
above. Matching geometric pattern iron gates on tall brick posts once complemented the building, but have
been removed in recent years. Lettering from the former company name 'ROOTES AUSTRALIA LTD" can
just be discerned, painted on the roof.
Page 3 City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2366
Condition and integrity
Apart from minor internal alterations such as removal of partition walls, replacement of some glazing on
the eastern elevation of the main office, replacement of some cladding, and the addition of window shades
on the north elevations, the buildings are highly intact and in sound condition.
Figure 2 - Rootes main office buildings on Salmon Street
History
Experimental Tank Works
Early in World War Two, the Australian government commenced a program to establish an armoured
division and provide locally made tanks. British artillery officer, Colonel W D Watson, advised the Defence
Department from December 1940 and by February 1941, the Australian Cruiser Mark 1, tank was designed
to a mock-up stage. An experimental tank depot was constructed around July 1941 on a 9½ acre site at
Fishermen’s Bend.i However, production was very slow and only a few tanks were built before the local
tank manufacturing programme was ultimately stopped in July 1943 in favour of imported tanks from
America.
The Department of Aircraft Production (DAP) then took over the factory for expansion of the existing
aircraft production in the area at the Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation (CAC) works on Lorimer
Street, which commenced in 1937, and the Beaufort bomber factory was built on Lorimer Street in 1940.
The Salmon St factory became DAP Maintenance Division and then the Maintenance & Disposals Division in
August 1945. At the end of the war it was re-named the DAP Supply & Disposals Branch (and, later still,
the Disposals Branch), from where surplus materials were sold off.ii
Car Manufacture in Australia
The Rootes car factory had its origins in an incipient local auto industry which developed in the 1920s when
a company called Eclipse Motors was established as an importer and distribution company. In the 1930s, it
erected a plant at the southern end of Salmon Street, Fishermans Bend, with the assistance of StandardTriumph and the Victorian Government.
In 1937, the State government and American motor manufacturers were negotiating regarding the
establishment of a major automobile factory in Port Melbourne. Three of the four US majors, including
Page 4 City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2366
both Ford and Chrysler, were considering this option iii although Chrysler emphatically denied rumors that
it was negotiating to start Australian Manufacture. iv
In 1941, the Australian Prime Minister Robert Menzies, travelled to Britain to consider collaborative
wartime vehicle production. He spent a considerable time with Billy Roote, head of the Rootes
Manufacturing Group. v In January 1946, the Minister for Post War Reconstruction Mr. John Dedman (who
succeeded Ben Chifley) announced the establishment of two new industries, one the Bruck silk mills in
Wangaratta, and the other the manufacture of cars by the Rootes Ltd in the Fisherman's Bend factory that
had previously been used for armored fighting Vehicle production during the war. vi
Richard Watney was appointed general manager and initially the factory assembled Hillman Minx vehicles
from 1946. This was the first instance of a British motor manufacturer establishing a production line in
Australia.
Further expansion of the works was underway within a few years and by 1955, production capacity had
increased to 3800 vehicles per year and the work force had grown to 1500.
In December 1965, Rootes Australia Ltd. merged with Chrysler Australia and assembly was gradually
moved from Port Melbourne to the latter’s existing facilities in Adelaide, South Australia. In 1955 Chrysler
had erected the Tonsley Park factory in South Australia, which eventually covered 170 acres. This was
subsequently taken over by Mitsubishi and became their main manufacturing works in Australia vii until they
ceased building cars in Australia in 2000. Chrysler Australia ceased production of Hillmans in 1973.
Figure 3 – Rootes factory in 1950s looking west, showing recent extensions with light roofsviii
Comparative Analysis
Australian Motor Industries (AMI) was established in 1954 as the successor to the Standard Motor
Company, a Melbourne based vehicle assembler for "Rambler" cars and the British "Triumph". This took
over the former Felton Grimwade building in Ingles Street around this time and was still there in 1973. It
also carried out some finishing operations on "Mercedes Benz" cars and was the first to make a connection
with a Japanese manufacturer with a view to assembling Japanese vehicles. The Japanese partner was
Toyota, which was ultimately to absorb AMI and continues to occupy the Ingles Street offices and
manufacturing plant.
Page 5 City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2366
The GMH Fishermans Bend Plant and Ford Geelong, present the car factory as US import, Ford almost
certainly being an off-the-shelf design by Albert Kahn. The scale of fibre cement sheeted Art Deco has
probably not been matched in any surviving factory building. James Hardy in Brooklyn had a comparable
plant including a showroom featuring the whole range of shapes and forms of their product in its design,
but has been entirely demolished.
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
3.12 Developing an Australian manufacturing capacity.
5.2 Developing a manufacturing capacity
Recommendations
Recommended inclusions:







Nominate to Port Phillip Planning Scheme with a site specific heritage overlay.
Retain the primary significant elements which relate to the original Defence Department factory
and Rootes car factory dating up to 1946:
o the two storey Salmon Street office block with main entrance tower,
o the north and south elevations of the original sawtooth factory section extending for 50m
to the east of this block;
o the foundry and three bays of original sawtooth factory east of Smith St & south of Tarver
Street;
o the paint shop and office west of Tarver St. and north of Williamstown Road.
Retain and adapt representative elements and elevations of secondary significant in any new
redevelopment:
o the Plummer and Smith Streets elevations of the eastern part of Salmon Street block;
o the factory blocks west of Smith St. and south of Tarver Street;
o the extension west of paint shop south of Tarver Street;
o the two bays east of Smith Street north of Williamstown Road.
Incorporation of structural elements such as roof trusses and framing, as design and landscape
features in future development is encouraged.
Design future development of the site so that it is informed by the character of the existing
buildings including use of sympathetic materials, scale, roof forms and fenestration, and maintain the
verticality and reference to former rooflines.
Maintain existing setbacks from retained parts of the building.
Prepare an archival photographic and structural drawing record to be prepared and lodged with
Port Phillip Council and the State Library Victoria prior to demolition of any buildings or elements.
References
Primary sources
Sands & McDougal Melbourne and Suburban Directories, 1920 – 1974.
Land Victoria, Certificate of titles
Page 6 City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2366
Rootes Archive Centre Trust Photograph Albums Bob Allan Rootes Archive Centre Trust. April 9, 2012
http://tardis.dl.ac.uk/ARCC/Albums/albums.pdf
Secondary sources
The Argus Newspaper
Allom Lovell & Associates, City of South Melbourne Urban Conservation Study, 1987
Daley, Charles, The History of South Melbourne: From the foundation of settlement at Port Phillip to the
year 1938, Melbourne, 1940
Port Melbourne Walk, booklet produced but the Art Deco & Modernism Society PMHS Blog, Friday,
January 10, 2014
Milner P. Melbourne University technical publication – Southbank industrial seedbed.
Stubbs, Peter C. The Australian motor industry: a study in protection and growth. Cheshire for the
Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, University of Melbourne. 1972).
Vines, G. & Churchward, M. Northern Suburbs Factory Study, 1990.
Simon Reeves (2015), Rootes Ltd Factory [former] 19-25 Salmon Street, Port Melbourne for Art Deco &
Modernism Society, Inc. And National Trust of Australia (Victoria) 20 July 2015
i
ii
Reeves (2015), Rootes Ltd Factory
"£1,000,000 FOR MOTOR WORKS?." The Courier-Mail 22 Jan 1937: 15. Web. 15 Apr 2015,
http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article36871723
iii
"MOTOR FACTORY PROJECT." The Sydney Morning Herald, 23 Jan 1937: 17. Web. 1 Jun 2015,
http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17302839
iv
Rootes Manufacturing Group - Wartime Vehicle Productions etc. Photograph Album No 1, Series number
A5954 634/1, http://tardis.dl.ac.uk/ARCC/catalogue.html
v
"TO MAKE CARS AT FISHERMEN'S BEND." Advocate, 28 Jan 1946: 5. Web. 1 Jun 2015,
http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article68960080
vi
"BIG EXPANSION." Western Herald 24 Jun 1955: 12. Web. 15 Apr 2015, http://nla.gov.au/nla.newsarticle103936595
vii
viii
http://www.sunbeam.org.au/?page_id=1119
Page 7 City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Shop & Residence
Address:
125-127 Ferrars Street, Southbank
Category:
Commercial: residential
Constructed:
c1900
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C117
Comment:
New Citation
Formerly:
Citation No:
2368
Heritage Precinct Overlay: HO4
Heritage Overlay(s): none
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The buildings at 123-125 Ferrars Street are two brick two-storey shops and residences constructed in
about 1900.
How is it Significant?
The place is of historical, technical and aesthetic significance at the local level.
Why is it Significant?
The two shops and residences are of historical significance as rare surviving examples of residential
properties in the former Montague slum neighbourhood, which otherwise had been almost entirely
demolished and replaced with commercial and industrial buildings in the period 1930-1960. As such they
reflect a now disappeared aspect of South Melbourne's history (Criterion A).
The place is of aesthetic significance as a representative example of early 20th century domestic
architecture at a pared back form demonstrating the economies of design applied to the cheaper parts of
Melbourne (Criterion E and F).
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2368
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
Description
Two, two-storey shops and residences, constructed in face brick, with pitched timber-framed, corrugated
iron-clad roofs, behind cement-rendered brick pediments. Modified front timber verandahs and various
rear alterations and extensions. The ground floor verandah of no 123 on the corner has been infilled.
History
Better quality terrace houses were built on main roads in the Montague area, and some survived the slum
clearance. The north east corner of Ferrars and Douglas Street was vacant in 1895 i, and this end of Ferrars
Street appears to have undergone renumbering, as the lot to the south was number 60 at the time.
Figure 1 - MMBW plan 489, 1895 subject buildings not shown
These two buildings were evidently erected in about 1900, but were absorbed in the Union Can Company
site by the 1950s, possibly as offices. To the north and east surrounding the buildings was saw tooth roof
factory.
Figure 2 - Extract from Mahlstedt's Plan 'City of South Melbourne and section of Port Melbourne detail-fire-survey ', Mahlstedt's (Vic.) Pty. Ltd.
1950
Page 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2368
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
3.12 Developing an Australian manufacturing capacity.
5.3 Marketing and retailing
6.7 Making homes for Victorians
Recommendations
Include in Port Phillip Planning Scheme as part of heritage overlay HO4.
References
Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works detail plan, 475 & 489, South Melbourne : Melbourne :
MMBW Date(s): 1895
Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works detail plan, 475 & 489, South Melbourne [cartographic
material]. Author/Creator: Melbourne and Metropolitan Board of Works; Publisher: Melbourne: MMBW;
Date: 1895.
i
Page 3
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Post War Factory
Formerly:
Interstate Rubber Company
Address:
185 Ferrars Street, Southbank
Category:
Industrial
Constructed:
c1945
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C117
Comment:
New Citation
Citation No:
2369
Heritage Precinct Overlay: HO4
Heritage Overlay(s): none
Graded as: Contributory
Significance
What is Significant?
The building at 185 Ferrars Street is a brick fronted single-storey factory/warehouse constructed in about
1945.
How is it Significant?
The place is of historical and aesthetic significance at the local level.
Why is it Significant?
The former Interstate Rubber Company building is of local historical significance as one of the early
examples of the conversion of the former Montague residential district into a commercial and industrial
zoned area through official slum clearance policy (Criterion A). It is also aesthetically of interest for the
treatment of the façade, which, while being reserved, indicates the characteristic elements of mid-century
modernism on a very modest scale (Criterion E).
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2369
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
Description
185 Ferrars Street is a simple brick single storey industrial building with steel framed corrugated iron roof.
The facade is embellished with a stepped parapet, large boxed rainheads, cement panels over the
continuous lintel spanning the vehicle door, a painted name panel above, and an oculus window above the
pedestrian door. Remnants of a painted dado are also evident. A modern coloured panelled tilt vehicle
door is installed.
History
A number of small industrial buildings were erected in the Montague area in the early to mid 20th century
as this former swamp and slum was rehabilitated as an industrial zone. The Union Can Company Pty. Ltd.,
grew from a small manufactory in 1908 to occupy a three acre site in Ferrars Street and expanded to cover
most of the block between Ferrars and Meaden Streets by 1938. W. H. Johnsons Jams was also in Meaden
Street, next door was a paint manufacturer Brolite Pty Ltd., which had a spectacular explosion destroy
much of the factory in 1947, but it continued to operate at least into the late 1950s.
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
3.12 Developing an Australian manufacturing capacity.
Recommendations
Include in Port Phillip Planning Scheme as part of heritage overlay HO4.
References
MMBW Sewerage Plan 1895, Sands & McDougal Directories.
NSW State Records " Interstate Rubber Co. Pty Ltd " 18/12/1933 to 08/10/1975
http://search.records.nsw.gov.au/items/913673
Queensland Archives, Register of companies, Index.
http://www.archives.qld.gov.au/Researchers/CollectionsDownloads/Documents/Companies-I_K.pdf
The Michaelis, Hallenstein story, 1864-1964 one hundred years in leather, Image Australia Pty. Ltd. 1965
Victorian Government Gazette, http://gazette.slv.vic.gov.au/images/1974/V/general/15.pdf
Transport Workers (Mixed Industries) Award 2002 AP813166 http://www.fwc.gov.au/consolidated_awards/ap/ap813166/asframe.html
Page 2 City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Two storey shops
Address:
496-498 City Road, South Melbourne
Category:
Commercial
Constructed:
c1900
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C115 & C117
Comment:
New Citation
Formerly:
Citation No:
2370
Heritage Precinct Overlay: HO442
Heritage Overlay(s): none
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The buildings at 496-498 City Road are two brick two-storey shops and residences constructed in about
1900.
How is it Significant?
The place is of historical, social, technical and aesthetic significance at the local level.
Why is it Significant?
The two shops and residences are of historical significance as rare surviving examples of residential
properties in the former Montague slum neighbourhood, which otherwise had been almost entirely
demolished and replaced with commercial and industrial buildings in the period 1930-1960. As such they
reflect a now disappeared aspect of South Melbourne's history (Criterion A)
The place is of aesthetic significance as a representative example of early 20th century domestic
architecture at a pared back form demonstrating the economies of design applied to the cheaper parts of
Melbourne (Criterion E and F).
The buildings are also of social significance (Criterion G) as providing a tangible link to the former
Montague slums, which are still recalled in the local area.
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2370
Joint Assessment
157-163 Montague Street, 496-498 City Road and 506 City Road comprise the largest relatively intact
group of former Montague neighbourhood commercial and residential buildings outside the present
heritage overlays. The buildings are notable surviving elements of the commercial periphery of the
notorious former Montague slum, the fabric of which has been entirely eradicated through slum clearance
from the 1930s.
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
History
The Montague area, bounded by City Road, Boundary Road, and the Port Melbourne and St Kilda Railway
lines, was a notorious slum, established in the 1880s as land was subdivided and sold. William Buckhurst
had bought many allotments at the original land sales, and while he also promoted beautification of the
gardens and development of nearby Albert Park, his own subdivided allotments became the locations of
many inferior dwellings.
The 1880s were a period of rapid growth in Emerald Hill with a population of 25,000 by 1880, rising to
43,000 at the end of the decade Port Melbourne saw a similar growth, but from a smaller starting point. A
number of the municipal councillors were prominent real estate developers and financiers including
Matthias Larkin, James Page, J.R. Buxton and W. Thistlethwaite, or were land speculators such as
Buckhurst. As a result subdivision and street construction (although rudimentary) went ahead rapidly.
The Montague area was promoted as an area for ‘persons of the artisan class’ and this was reflected in the
advertisements for houses for sale such as "neat two roomed cottage and land, plastered ₤110, Stoke
Street, off Gladstone Place. By 1875, there were 560 households and by 1900, there were 1,000 in the
district, with 200 in the lanes and little streets. Many of the people attracted to the low cost housing were
labourers, fisherman, boilermakers, mariners and shipwrights, probably drawn to the area because of its
proximity to the docks and metal works along the river, and the noxious trades on the Sandridge flats.
Owner occupation was approximately 33 per cent and most of the houses in the smaller streets were
made of timber and had two or three bedrooms. Almost no houses had a bathroom or washroom. By the
1920’s, much of the housing stock was falling into disrepair due to regular flooding, inundation and little
maintenance, particularly among the rental properties. However, Montague was renowned for its close knit
community. The self-contained suburb had its own, school, church, police station, kindergarten, football
team, hotels, post office, bank and shops.
A contributor to the Argus in 1881 described the Montague area, known colloquially as “Salt Lake City”, as
a poorly drained sector with a terrible stench in which typhoid was rife.
[It is] “wonderful how people can live there; yet new houses are going up there daily in thick clusters,
evidently intended for persons of the artisan class. Children are being reared…in great numbers. Their chief
amusement here is to play in the horrible liquid surrounding their homes.” i
Floods exacerbated the problems with one description of the 1880 flood noting:
Pedestrians could proceed along the footpath in Flinders-street to a point a short distance beyond Williamstreet, where the flood barred all further progress. The houses from this point to the corner of Spencer-
Page 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2370
street were flooded on the ground floors and cellars. The water could be seen stretching from a short
distance below the Falls Bridge to Sandridge Bend on the one hand, and from Emerald Hill to Footscray on
the other. ii
The first inquiry into the condition of housing in Victoria was conducted in 1913 by a Select Committee of
the Legislative Assembly. This first slum commission paid special note to the Montague district, noting the
area between Ferrars Street and Boundary Street, and from City Road to the Port Melbourne railway,
"…was very flat and the drainage bad, … with very few exceptions the houses are all built of wood and
iron…' where most did not have baths, and were small and in poor repair. iii
The Montague area was subsequently earmarked in the 1930s for demolition by the Slum Abolition Board.
In 1936 the establishment of a Housing Investigation Board considered housing conditions in Victoria. The
Board’s found numerous slum pockets and narrow residential streets with poor houses, at times subject to
flooding in South Melbourne. The resulting Slum Reclamation and Housing Act in 1938, facilitated the
clearance of the majority of the houses were cleared and the relocation of the residents, many of whom
eventually moved to new housing at Garden City. iv
By the 1960s most of the small houses were gone and the area taken over by small factories, warehouses
and show rooms. A few of the 19th century commercial premises on the periphery, particularly in City
Road, Montague St and Boundary road, remained, as these were better quality buildings with viable
businesses. The house at 506 Montague Street seems to have been overlooked in the slum clearance, as it
was uncharacteristic in being located between shops on the periphery.
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
5.3 Marketing and retailing
6.7 Making homes for Victorians
Recommendations
Include in Port Phillip Planning Scheme as part of heritage overlay HO442 (Albert Park Residential
Precinct).
References
Ward, Andrew, 2001 and 2009, Port Phillip Heritage Review, Version 14, 2009 Port Melbourne - The
Garden City Housing Estates - HO2, City of Port Phillip
MMBW plans, Sands & McDougall Directories, Newspapers and rate books
i
The Argus, 16.8.1884 in Priestley, p.121.
THE FLOODS IN VICTORIA. (1880, September 18). South Australian Register (Adelaide, SA: 1839-1900),
p. 6. Retrieved June 4, 2013, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43149401
ii
iii
'Suburban slums, Evidence of Police, Hovels and Shelter Sheds' The Age - Nov 20, 1913 p.6.
iv
Allom Lovell Sanderson Pty Ltd, Port Melbourne Conservation Study Review p.4/20
Page 3
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
House
Address:
506 City Road, South Melbourne
Category:
Residential: semi-detached
Constructed:
c1900
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C115 & C117
Comment:
New Citation
Formerly:
Citation No:
2371
Heritage Precinct Overlay: HO442
Heritage Overlay(s): none
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The house at 506 City Road is a single storey brick residence with elaborate Edwardian or Queen Anne
facade, constructed in about 1900.
How is it Significant?
The place is of historical, technical and aesthetic significance at the local level.
Why is it Significant?
The residence is of historical significance as rare surviving examples of residential properties in the former
Montague slum neighbourhood, which otherwise had been almost entirely demolished and replaced with
commercial and industrial buildings in the period 1930-1960. As such they reflect a now disappeared aspect
of South Melbourne's history (Criterion A). Despite its uncharacteristically more prosperous occupants, it
provides a link to this now expunged part of South Melbourne's history.
The place is of aesthetic significance as a representative example of early 20th century domestic
architecture at a pared back form demonstrating the economies of design applied to the cheaper parts of
Melbourne (Criterion E and F).
Joint Assessment
157-163 Montague Street, 496-498 City Road and 506 City Road comprise the largest relatively intact
group of former Montague neighbourhood commercial and residential buildings outside the present
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2371
heritage overlays. The buildings are notable surviving elements of the commercial periphery of the
notorious former Montague slum, the fabric of which has been entirely eradicated through slum clearance
from the 1930s.
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
History
The Montague area, bounded by City Road, Boundary Road, and the Port Melbourne and St Kilda Railway
lines, was a notorious slum, established in the 1880s as land was subdivided and sold. William Buckhurst
had bought many allotments at the original land sales, and while he also promoted beautification of the
gardens and development of nearby Albert Park, his own subdivided allotments became the locations of
many inferior dwellings.
The 1880s were a period of rapid growth in Emerald Hill with a population of 25,000 by 1880, rising to
43,000 at the end of the decade Port Melbourne saw a similar growth, but from a smaller starting point. A
number of the municipal councillors were prominent real estate developers and financiers including
Matthias Larkin, James Page, J.R. Buxton and W. Thistlethwaite, or were land speculators such as
Buckhurst. As a result subdivision and street construction (although rudimentary) went ahead rapidly.
The Montague area was promoted as an area for ‘persons of the artisan class’ and this was reflected in the
advertisements for houses for sale such as "neat two roomed cottage and land, plastered ₤110, Stoke
Street, off Gladstone Place. By 1875, there were 560 households and by 1900, there were 1,000 in the
district, with 200 in the lanes and little streets. Many of the people attracted to the low cost housing were
labourers, fisherman, boilermakers, mariners and shipwrights, probably drawn to the area because of its
proximity to the docks and metal works along the river, and the noxious trades on the Sandridge flats.
Owner occupation was approximately 33 per cent and most of the houses in the smaller streets were
made of timber and had two or three bedrooms. Almost no houses had a bathroom or washroom. By the
1920’s, much of the housing stock was falling into disrepair due to regular flooding, inundation and little
maintenance, particularly among the rental properties. However, Montague was renowned for its close knit
community. The self-contained suburb had its own, school, church, police station, kindergarten, football
team, hotels, post office, bank and shops.
A contributor to the Argus in 1881 described the Montague area, known colloquially as “Salt Lake City”, as
a poorly drained sector with a terrible stench in which typhoid was rife.
[It is] “wonderful how people can live there; yet new houses are going up there daily in thick clusters,
evidently intended for persons of the artisan class. Children are being reared…in great numbers. Their chief
amusement here is to play in the horrible liquid surrounding their homes.” i
Floods exacerbated the problems with one description of the 1880 flood noting:
Pedestrians could proceed along the footpath in Flinders-street to a point a short distance beyond Williamstreet, where the flood barred all further progress. The houses from this point to the corner of Spencerstreet were flooded on the ground floors and cellars. The water could be seen stretching from a short
distance below the Falls Bridge to Sandridge Bend on the one hand, and from Emerald Hill to Footscray on
the other. ii
Page 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2371
The first inquiry into the condition of housing in Victoria was conducted in 1913 by a Select Committee of
the Legislative Assembly. This first slum commission paid special note to the Montague district, noting the
area between Ferrars Street and Boundary Street, and from City Road to the Port Melbourne railway,
"…was very flat and the drainage bad, … with very few exceptions the houses are all built of wood and
iron…' where most did not have baths, and were small and in poor repair. iii
The Montague area was subsequently earmarked in the 1930s for demolition by the Slum Abolition Board.
In 1936 the establishment of a Housing Investigation Board considered housing conditions in Victoria. The
Board’s found numerous slum pockets and narrow residential streets with poor houses, at times subject to
flooding in South Melbourne. The resulting Slum Reclamation and Housing Act in 1938, facilitated the
clearance of the majority of the houses were cleared and the relocation of the residents, many of whom
eventually moved to new housing at Garden City. iv
By the 1960s most of the small houses were gone and the area taken over by small factories, warehouses
and show rooms. A few of the 19th century commercial premises on the periphery, particularly in City
Road, Montague St and Boundary road, remained, as these were better quality buildings with viable
businesses. The house at 506 Montague Street seems to have been overlooked in the slum clearance, as it
was uncharacteristic in being located between shops on the periphery.
Thematic Context
6.3 Shaping the suburbs
6.7 Making homes for Victorians
Recommendations
Include in Port Phillip Planning Scheme as part of heritage overlay HO442 (Albert Park Residential
Precinct).
References
Ward, Andrew, 2001 and 2009, Port Phillip Heritage Review, Version 14, 2009 Port Melbourne - The
Garden City Housing Estates - HO2, City of Port Phillip
MMBW plans, Sands & McDougall Directories, Newspapers and rate books
i
The Argus, 16.8.1884 in Priestley, p.121.
THE FLOODS IN VICTORIA. (1880, September 18). South Australian Register (Adelaide, SA: 1839-1900),
p. 6. Retrieved June 4, 2013, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43149401
ii
iii
'Suburban slums, Evidence of Police, Hovels and Shelter Sheds' The Age - Nov 20, 1913 p.6.
iv
Allom Lovell Sanderson Pty Ltd, Port Melbourne Conservation Study Review p.4/20
Page 3
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Identifier:
Shops
Address:
159-163 Montague Street, South
Melbourne
Category:
Commercial
Constructed:
c1900
Designer:
unknown
Amendment:
C115 & C117
Comment:
New Citation
Formerly:
Citation No:
2372
Heritage Precinct Overlay: HO442
Heritage Overlay(s): none
Graded as: Significant
Significance
What is Significant?
The shops at 159-63 Montague Street comprise three single storey and one two storey building with
corrugated iron roof, in part opened out into a workshop.
How is it Significant?
The place is of historical, technical, social and aesthetic significance at the local level.
Why is it Significant?
The two shops and residences are of historical significance as rare surviving examples of residential
properties in the former Montague slum neighbourhood, which otherwise had been almost entirely
demolished and replaced with commercial and industrial buildings in the period 1930-1960. As such they
reflect a now disappeared aspect of South Melbourne's history (Criterion A).
The place is of aesthetic significance as a representative example of early 20th century domestic
architecture at a pared back form demonstrating the economies of design applied to the cheaper parts of
Melbourne, and as part of a relatively intact streetscape around the City road and Montague corner which
also features the Nelson Hotel and several other early 20th century commercial premises in the existing
HO442 (Criterion E and F)
The buildings are also of social significance (Criterion G) as providing a tangible link to the former
Montague slums, which are still recalled in the local area.
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2372
Joint Assessment
157-163 Montague Street, 496-498 City Road and 506 City Road comprise the largest relatively intact
group of former Montague neighbourhood commercial and residential buildings outside the present
heritage overlays. The buildings are notable surviving elements of the commercial periphery of the
notorious former Montague slum, the fabric of which has been entirely eradicated through slum clearance
from the 1930s.
Primary Source
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend additional heritage place assessments, 2015
Other Studies
Biosis Pty Ltd, Fishermans Bend Heritage Study, 2013
Description
This group includes three single storey and one two storey brick buildings with corrugated iron roof, in
part opened out into a workshop. The three single storey buildings have a curved pediment disguising the
pitched roof behind, with the two northern buildings having modern plate glass shop front windows and the
remaining facade having a full width roller door. The two storey building has a modern plate glass shop
front, and original timber panelled door. Hood mouldings, frieze, brackets, and panelled parapet survive,
although probably urn and scroll ornaments have been removed.
History
The Montague area, bounded by City Road, Boundary Road, and the Port Melbourne and St Kilda Railway
lines, was a notorious slum, established in the 1880s as land was subdivided and sold. William Buckhurst
had bought many allotments at the original land sales, and while he also promoted beautification of the
gardens and development of nearby Albert Park, his own subdivided allotments became the locations of
many inferior dwellings.
The 1880s were a period of rapid growth in Emerald Hill with a population of 25,000 by 1880, rising to
43,000 at the end of the decade Port Melbourne saw a similar growth, but from a smaller starting point. A
number of the municipal councillors were prominent real estate developers and financiers including
Matthias Larkin, James Page, J.R. Buxton and W. Thistlethwaite, or were land speculators such as
Buckhurst. As a result subdivision and street construction (although rudimentary) went ahead rapidly.
The Montague area was promoted as an area for ‘persons of the artisan class’ and this was reflected in the
advertisements for houses for sale such as "neat two roomed cottage and land, plastered ₤110, Stoke
Street, off Gladstone Place. By 1875, there were 560 households and by 1900, there were 1,000 in the
district, with 200 in the lanes and little streets. Many of the people attracted to the low cost housing were
labourers, fisherman, boilermakers, mariners and shipwrights, probably drawn to the area because of its
proximity to the docks and metal works along the river, and the noxious trades on the Sandridge flats.
Owner occupation was approximately 33 per cent and most of the houses in the smaller streets were
made of timber and had two or three bedrooms. Almost no houses had a bathroom or washroom. By the
1920’s, much of the housing stock was falling into disrepair due to regular flooding, inundation and little
maintenance, particularly among the rental properties. However, Montague was renowned for its close knit
community. The self-contained suburb had its own, school, church, police station, kindergarten, football
team, hotels, post office, bank and shops.
Page 2
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2372
A contributor to the Argus in 1881 described the Montague area, known colloquially as “Salt Lake City”, as
a poorly drained sector with a terrible stench in which typhoid was rife.
[It is] “wonderful how people can live there; yet new houses are going up there daily in thick clusters,
evidently intended for persons of the artisan class. Children are being reared…in great numbers. Their chief
amusement here is to play in the horrible liquid surrounding their homes.” i
Floods exacerbated the problems with one description of the 1880 flood noting:
Pedestrians could proceed along the footpath in Flinders-street to a point a short distance beyond Williamstreet, where the flood barred all further progress. The houses from this point to the corner of Spencerstreet were flooded on the ground floors and cellars. The water could be seen stretching from a short
distance below the Falls Bridge to Sandridge Bend on the one hand, and from Emerald Hill to Footscray on
the other. ii
The first inquiry into the condition of housing in Victoria was conducted in 1913 by a Select Committee of
the Legislative Assembly. This first slum commission paid special note to the Montague district, noting the
area between Ferrars Street and Boundary Street, and from City Road to the Port Melbourne railway,
"…was very flat and the drainage bad, … with very few exceptions the houses are all built of wood and
iron…' where most did not have baths, and were small and in poor repair. iii
The Montague area was subsequently earmarked in the 1930s for demolition by the Slum Abolition Board.
In 1936 the establishment of a Housing Investigation Board considered housing conditions in Victoria. The
Board’s found numerous slum pockets and narrow residential streets with poor houses, at times subject to
flooding in South Melbourne. The resulting Slum Reclamation and Housing Act in 1938, facilitated the
clearance of the majority of the houses were cleared and the relocation of the residents, many of whom
eventually moved to new housing at Garden City. iv
By the 1960s most of the small houses were gone and the area taken over by small factories, warehouses
and show rooms. A few of the 19th century commercial premises on the periphery, particularly in City
Road, Montague St and Boundary road, remained, as these were better quality buildings with viable
businesses. The house at 506 Montague Street seems to have been overlooked in the slum clearance, as it
was uncharacteristic in being located between shops on the periphery.
Thematic Context
3. Developing local, regional and national economies.
3.12 Developing an Australian manufacturing capacity.
5.3 Marketing and retailing
6.7 Making homes for Victorians
Recommendations
Include in Port Phillip Planning Scheme as part of heritage overlay HO442 (Albert Park Residential
Precinct).
References
Ward, Andrew, 2001 and 2009, Port Phillip Heritage Review, Version 14, 2009 Port Melbourne - The
Garden City Housing Estates - HO2, City of Port Phillip
Page 3
City of Port Phillip Heritage Review
Citation No: 2372
Port Phillip Heritage Review, Version 6, 2006 Prepared for the City of Port Phillip by Andrew Ward,
Architectural Historian revised 2011 pp.34, 54
Allom Lovell Sanderson Pty Ltd, Port Melbourne Conservation Study Review p.4/20
i
The Argus, 16.8.1884 in Priestley, p.121.
THE FLOODS IN VICTORIA. (1880, September 18). South Australian Register (Adelaide, SA: 1839-1900),
p. 6. Retrieved June 4, 2013, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article43149401
ii
iii
'Suburban slums, Evidence of Police, Hovels and Shelter Sheds' The Age - Nov 20, 1913 p.6.
iv
Allom Lovell Sanderson Pty Ltd, Port Melbourne Conservation Study Review p.4/20
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Amendment C117 to the Port Phillip Planning Scheme
Extract of proposed changes to the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map (Incorporated Document)
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Amendment C117 to the Port Phillip Planning Scheme
Extract of proposed changes to the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map (Incorporated Document)
Fishermans Bend Boundary
Heritage Policy Map
Current
Significant Heritage Place - inside HO
Contributory Heritage Place - inside HO
Proposed
Significant Heritage Place - inside HO
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Amendment C117 to the Port Phillip Planning Scheme
Extract of proposed changes to the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map (Incorporated Document)
Fishermans Bend Boundary
Heritage Policy Map
R
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Amendment C117 to the Port Phillip Planning Scheme
Extract of proposed changes to the City of Port Phillip Heritage Policy Map (Incorporated Document)
Fishermans Bend Boundary
Heritage Policy Map
Current
Significant Heritage Place - inside HO
Contributory Heritage Place - inside HO
Proposed
Significant Heritage Place - inside HO
WHITEMAN
Contributory Heritage Place - inside HO
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Amendment C117 to the Port Phillip Planning Scheme
Extract of proposed changes to the City of Port Phillip Neighbourhood Character Map (Incorporated Document)
Fishermans Bend Boundary
Neighbourhood Character Map
Current
Contributory Heritage Place - outside HO
Proposed
Contributory Heritage Place - outside HO
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Date: 14/09/2015
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Amendment C117 to the Port Phillip Planning Scheme
Extract of proposed changes to the City of Port Phillip Neighbourhood Character Map (Incorporated Document)
Fishermans Bend Boundary
Neighbourhood Character Map
Current
Contributory Heritage Place - outside HO
Proposed
Contributory Heritage Place - outside HO
Remove from NC Map
MO
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