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What will happen if you cheat . . . 1 English Department, BYU–I Final Exam—English 314 Fall 2012 Brother Brugger You have to take this exam by yourself. Violate this condition and win a session with the Dean of Students. In other words, you’re on your honor to take this exam without the use of notes, handouts, the Internet (except for this test), friends, roommates, classmates, spouses, or potential spouses. In still other words, you’re to hold your own little soirée (French: “an evening party”)—just you, your #2 pencil, the Scan-­‐Tron bubble sheet, and this test. Completely fill in the appropriate bubbles with a #2 pencil only. Also, be sure to fill the bubbles for your name and I-­‐number. No name, no number, no score—no joke. Put my name on it, too. While you don’t have to take this exam in one sitting, once you open this file, you may not return to any course-­‐related materials (“As a dog returneth to his vomit”—Proverbs 26:11). ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART I—MORAL CRITICISM True/False—Mark the true statements T (#1); the false ones F (#2). 1. According to moral criticism, literature inevitably and unavoidably makes readers morally better or morally worse. 2. Moral critics believe it is necessary to portray both good and evil in texts. 3. Moral criticism began during the Victorian period, an era known for its strict moral code. 4. Moral criticism has much in common with reader response criticism in that both consider the effects literature has on readers. 5. One of moral criticism’s weaknesses is that it is often prescriptive and non-­‐objective. 6. Moral criticism and ethical criticism are interchangeable terms for the same literary theory. 7. Wordsworth argued that poetry can perform a moral function by helping us feel more sensitively and by bringing us into harmony with the great, universal forms of nature and the human mind. 8. All critics agree that literature, in and of itself, presents no moral danger. 9. According to moral criticism, all characters are a. completely good or completely evil b. neither completely good nor completely evil c. static or dynamic d. societal projections 10. We need to become discerning about the tone of a work so we can determine a. the author’s attitude(s) toward life b. to what degree the characters’ or narrator’s views are being presented as true or admirable c. the ratio of literary substance to literary fluff d. which characters are good and which are evil 11. Part of literature’s moral effect lies in how literature allows us to a. escape from reality b. develop unrealistic expectations in interpersonal relationships c. imaginatively engage in negative experiences d. vicariously violate common law without legal repercussions 12. The ancient Roman critic Horace argued for the social value of literature, claiming that ideally it 2 a. both pleases and instructs b. induces and purges emotion c. determines our standing in the social hierarchy d. helps us make senses of the world in which we live 13. Russian writer Leo Tolstoy believed the problem with much art and literature is that it a. is created by unimaginative people b. is designed to exclude most people c. requires great sacrifice to produce d. fails to address important social issues God is watching . . . _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART II—SHOOTING AN ELEPHANT 14. Orwell takes great length in describing the elephant’s demise. What does his description foreshadow? a. The rise of the empire b. The fall of the empire c. The prosperity of the empire 15. The speaker’s attitude toward shooting the elephant is one of a. incredulity b. resignation c. despair d. disillusion e. relief 16. What can one infer about Orwell’s feelings based on his use of such diction as “puppet,” “dummy” and “mask”? a. He is overwhelmed by chaos. b. He only does what he is told. c. He believes the Burmese are puppets. d. He feels constrained by his position as sahib. e. He is in control of the situation. 17. Orwell was reluctant to shoot the elephant at first because he knew the elephant was a. no longer a danger after his bout of “must” had worn off b. worth less than the “coolie” who had been killed c. worth more alive than dead (more answer options on next page) 3 d. a and b e. a and c f. all of the above 18. Which sentence best describes the theme of the essay? a. “As a police officer I was an obvious target and was baited whenever it seemed to do so.” b. “He becomes a sort of hollow, posing dummy, the conventionalized figure of the sahib.” c. “I often wondered whether any of the others grasped that I had done it solely to avoid looking a fool.” d. “I was not squeamish about killing animals, but I had never shot an elephant and never wanted to.” e. “I perceived in this moment that when the white man turns tyrant it is his own freedom he destroys.” 19. The natives influence Orwell’s decision to shoot the elephant in all the following ways, except a. just punishment for the elephant killing the native b. the threat of native ridicule c. not being frightened in front of natives d. by doing what the natives expect of him since he is a sahib e. the presence of 2,000 natives created added pressure ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART III—OPENING DAY 20. In “Opening Day,” Troy a. served a mission in war-­‐torn Eastern Europe b. is as close to his mother as he is to his father c. wants to major in recreation education at B.Y.U. d. decided to quit hunting because it repels marriage prospects e. was also pressured into tasting the blood of the killed deer f. none of the above 21. On opening day, how many deer does Troy shoot? a. 0 b. 1 c. like Rambo’s victims, it’s impossible to count the dead d. 2-­‐3 e. 4-­‐5 f. enough to warrant deer cloning in Utah 22. In “Opening Day,” what other sin(s) does Troy commit? a. using the Lord’s name in vain b. swearing c. disregarding the Word of Wisdom d. all of the above e. a & b f. a & c g. not dating any of the young, attractive, female deer hunters in his home ward 23. During his mission, the narrator had been impressed by a. the sight of Holocaust survivors b. the poverty of the country folk c. maimed WWII veterans d. the common loss of innocence of young soldiers 24. Each month, Troy’s father would mail to him a. inspirational quotes from General Authorities b. copies of Outdoor Life c. pictures of last season’s trophy bucks d. copies of Field & Stream e. the Ensign and Church News f. b and d 25. On opening day, the narrator had only been home 4 a. a few days b. a couple of weeks c. a month d. two months 26. The apostle who toured Troy’s mission had previously visited a. Washington, D.C. b. Salt Lake City c. South Korea d. Vietnam ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART IV—PALACE THIEF As you read the following plot summary of “The Palace Thief,” fill in each blank with the correct answer from the corresponding choices in the table below. ________27________ is a dedicated teacher at ________28________ Academy who’s tried to inspire his students over the three decades to improve themselves and do great things with their lives. To make his points he uses important ________29________ historical figures to teach moral lessons. He is particularly fond of telling his students, ________30________, and he strives to impress upon them the importance of the ordered and examined life. With the class of 1976, he is able to influence most of its members, including ________31________, but he has trouble with ________32________ (the son of a ________33________), who questions the importance of the course material, flouts the school’s rules, and talks out of turn in class. Eventually, the teacher has a talk with the rebellious student’s father, and this sort of straightens the kid out. The teacher then takes it upon himself to personally encourage the student to better himself; he also talks him into participating in the prestigious ________34________, an annual academic competition. Ultimately, the teacher must choose ________35________ finalists. He is faced with a hard choice: doing the morally correct thing or bending the rules in order to help the unruly student, whom he ultimately chooses, thinking that it will set the boy on the right track. His faith is betrayed, however, when the student is discovered ________36________ during the competition’s final round. This unfortunate event will tragically ________37________ a second episode 25 years later at a ________38________ to which the teacher is invited. # A B C D E 27 Mr. Holland Mr. Hundert Mr. Dunkirk Mr. Keating Mr. Keats 28 St. Benedict’s St. Paul’s St. Mark’s Welton Cambridge 29 American British Greek/Roman and wise living 30 Please see the list of possible answers below. 31 Ben & Jerry Sedgewick & William & Martin & Louis Smith & Wesson Willoughby Robert 32 James Ellerby Deepak Mehta Martin Blythe Sedgewick Bell Louis Masoudi 33 senator ambassador governor supreme court state justice representative 34 National Spelling Bee National Julius Caesar Young Inventor Marcus Aurelius Geography Bee contest contest contest 35 2 3 4 5 10 36 talking cheating studying giggling smoking 37 contrast with complicate resolve minimize foreshadow 38 class reunion wedding press funeral graduation conference ceremony Answer options for question #30: a. “A man’s character is his fate.” b. “I’m busy right now. Can I ignore you some other time?” c. “It takes a big man to cry, but it takes a bigger man to laugh at that man.” d. “I’d rather be rich than stupid.” e. “Some people are alive only because it’s illegal to kill them.” f. “Your gene pool could use a little chlorine.” g. “Shhhhh—that’s the sound of nobody caring what you think.” 5 h. “There is no vaccine against stupidity.” i. “If you have something to say, raise your hand—and place it over your mouth.” j. “Don’t believe everything you think.” ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART V—POSTCOLONIALISM/MULTICULTURALISM True/False—Mark the true statements T (#1); the false ones F (#2). 39. Alfred Sauvy coined the term “third world” in the 1950s to refer to developing nations such as those in Africa and South America. 40. “First world” countries are characterized by industrialism, democracy, relative affluence, and similar cultural assumptions and beliefs. 41. The term “postcolonialism” was not in use until the late 1980s. 42. Edward Said’s Orientalism called attention to the pejorative stereotypes that British, other Europeans, and Americans create of the people unlike themselves, making it easier to justify military or economic conquest. 43. The “post” part of “postcolonialism” may be an overstatement of the way things really are, for today a new kind of colonialism is taking place. 44. Major international corporations, drawn by the availability of cheap labor and cooperative local governments, practice what is known as “neocolonialism,” often weakening, changing, and sometimes destroying the customs and traditional ways of the subjugated people. 45. The broadest view of postcolonial literature is that it is the literature written in native languages by people in formerly colonized countries, some of it authored by the colonizers and their descendants, but more of it by those they colonized. 46. The subject matter of postcolonial literature is marked by its concern for ambiguity or loss of identity. 47. According to Helen Tiffin, the job of postcolonial criticism is to investigate the means by which Europe imposed and maintained colonial domination of so much of the rest of the world. 48. “Euro-­‐centrism” is the practice of European colonizers using their own culture as the standard for what any culture should be. 49. The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s marked the emergence of African American literature into mainstream culture. 6 50. The formal termination of colonial rule does not wipe out its legacy, and the remaining culture a. is a mixture of the colonized one and that of the colonizer b. is often marked by resentment and antagonism c. is a shadow or replica of the occupier d. often overcompensates by (re)asserting its values e. a and b f. b and d 51. Weaker powers are no longer likely to be taken by military conquest, but they are no less a. in danger of invasion via media, pop culture, and technology b. prone to adopt the ridiculous fashions of their more powerful neighbors c. economically and culturally dominated 52. The interaction of cultures creates blended ones, mixtures of the native and colonial, a process called a. blurring b. hybridity c. the melting pot d. homogenization ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART VI—MERCHANT OF VENICE Match the quotation with the character who speaks it. a. Antonio b. Lorenzo c. Duke of Venice d. Prince of Morocco e. Jessica f. Shylock g. Portia 53. “The quality of mercy is not strain'd; / It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven / Upon the place beneath.” 54. “Farewell; and if my fortune be not crost, / I have a father, you a daughter lost.” 55. “The villainy you teach me, I will execute; and it shall go hard but I will better the instruction.” 56. “I hold the world but as the world . . . / A stage, where every man must play a part, / And mine a sad one.” Choose the character that exhibits each philosophy. a. Antonio b. Portia c. Shylock d. Bassanio e. Prince of Morocco 57. Justice should be tempered with mercy. 58. Power and courage should bring rewards. 59. An individual should accept whatever role fate assigns. 60. Repay evil with evil. 61. One should not be led astray by outward show. 7 Porsche as Portia What became of Bassanio’s Portia True/False—Mark the true statements T (#1); the false ones F (#2). 62. Shylock and Antonio know each other well before the incidents of this story. 63. Antonio and Shylock are good friends until Antonio fails to pay back the money borrowed from Shylock. 64. Before the story opens Antonio has often lent money without interest. 65. Launcelot Gobbo runs away because Shylock won’t release him to serve Bassanio. 66. His daughter’s actions deepen Shylock’s resentment of Christians and stir his desire for revenge. 67. Jessica’s husband is a friend of Antonio. 68. The Duke of Venice aids Shylock in his search for his daughter. 69. Jessica and her lover hide themselves on Bassanio’s ship when Shylock tries to find them. 70. Some of Portia’s suitors are unwilling to try to win her by the choice of the caskets. 71. Portia says that she will allow herself to be won by a suitor she does not love. 72. Bassanio chooses the wooden casket and wins Portia. 73. Portia leaves her home in the care of Jessica and Lorenzo during her absence. 74. Antonio is full of apprehension about borrowing money from Shylock. 75. The Prince of Morocco dies of grief because he does not win Portia. 76. Tubal is a Jew. 77. Foreigners and natives have equal rights under Venetian law. 78. The Duke feels no pity for Antonio and rebukes him for signing such a bond. Tonight’s special: Shylock Shank—3000 ducats/lb. 79. What three interrelated themes are found in The Merchant of Venice? a. romance, wealth, poverty b. Christianity, Judaism, atheism c. faith, hope, charity d. caskets, rings, ducats e. brotherly love, romantic love, f. enmity, friendship, romance parental love 8 80. The Merchant of Venice shows which two types of contrasting worlds? a. younger/older generation b. idealized/conflicted c. Jewish/Christian d. rich/poor e. male/female f. all of the above 81. Usury was thought to be a sin because a. it didn’t have the usual risks of commerce b. transactions required too much risk c. the banking industry wanted the monopoly on lending d. money is dirty 82. Which biblical story parallels the scene in which Lancelot encounters his father? a. Parting of the Red Sea b. Jonah and the whale c. Prodigal Son d. Abraham and Isaac 83. What is the paradox found in Shylock’s character? a. losing through winning b. winning through losing c. “robbing Peter to pay Paul” d. an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of flesh “Let him look to his Bond.” _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ now under new management—with a new name! ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART VII—FEMINIST CRITICISM Match the variety of feminism to its primary concern. 9 84. Concerned with textual qualities a. British feminism 85. Insists on gender equality b. American feminism 86. Concerned with politics, social change c. French feminism 87. Insists that women are better than men d. Liberal feminism 88. Concerned with language, linguistics e. Radical feminism True/False—Mark the true statements T (#1); the false ones F (#2). 89. The views expressed by Mary Wollstonecraft in A Vindication of the Rights of Woman were considered radical for the time. 90. Simone de Beauvoir believed that women are not born inferior but rather are made to be so. 91. Minority feminist critics are likely to be more political that their Caucasian counterparts, due to the fact that they are fighting more than one battle (sexism and racism). 92. In some ways, feminism has had a very positive influence. Which of the following would this not include? a. increasing language sensitivity b. bringing to light important texts c. fostering political change d. breaking ground for other criticisms e. promoting female authors f. all the above would be included 93. Leading thinkers, from Aristotle to Charles Darwin, reiterated that women were a. innately more intelligent than men b. lesser beings c. ultimately destined to rule the world d. treated unfairly in every aspect of society 94. Elaine Showalter divides women’s history into three phases: a. medieval, Victorian, and modern b. feminine, feminist, and female c. pre-­‐modern, modern, post-­‐modern d. silent, vocal, equal 95. Misogyny is a. the celebration of all things feminine b. negative attitudes toward women c. being married to more than one woman at a time d. none of the above 96. American feminist critics Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar argued that male writers have too long stereotyped woman as either a. “the angel in the house” or “the madwoman in the attic” b. Eve or Jezebel c. “the madwoman in the house” or “the angel in the attic” ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART VIII—WIFE’S RESENTMENT Match the character to his/her description. Descriptions continue on next page. A. Bandwell & Paludanus B. Duke of Calabria C. Roderigo D. Ianthe E. Aurelia F. Violenta’s brothers G. Violenta H. Valet I. Camilla J. Ramires 97. A Spanish gentleman, knight of Valencia; turned bigamist. 98. An initially virtuous woman; would give O.J. Simpson a run for his money. 99. An obscure wedding witness. 100. Employed in silversmithing. 101. A co-­‐conspirator and accessory to murder. 10 102. Hears the murderess’ case. 103. Quick to rebuke sons, slow to inform daughter. 104. Apparently told the tale before Manley. 105. Gives a substantial dowry to his son-­‐in-­‐law. 106. Ramires’ only heir. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gift Idea—Roderigo Knife Holder Makes storing your knives a cathartic experience! Sharpen skills with this inaction figure! ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART IX—BELLE DAME 107. What is the foreign term for the kind of woman described in Keats’ “La Belle Dame Sans Merci”? a. femme fatale b. mujer matador c. huevos rancheros d. habeas corpus e. salsa verde 108. “La Belle Dame Sans Merci” means a. “The Beautiful Woman Without Thanks” b. “The Beautiful Woman Without Pity” c. “The Beautiful Woman Without Mercy” d. “The Beautiful Woman Without Guilt” 109. At the end of “La Belle Dame Sans Merci” a. the knight dies b. the lady dies c. the lady leaves the knight d. the knight leaves the lady e. the two marry f. like Romeo and Juliet, the two commit suicide 11 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ PART X—M.L.A. STYLE 110. A Works Cited page is a kind of bibliography. 111. A parenthetical reference typically excludes the year of publication. 112. The only difference between paraphrasing and summarizing is that one calls for the condensing of source material. 113. To avoid even the appearance of plagiarism, even works consulted must be included in the Works Cited page. 114. In paraphrasing or summarizing, substituting certain words is generally considered sufficient; no other textual modifications are necessary. 115. A paraphrase is usually considerably longer than the original text. 116. As a general rule, no more than 40% of your paper should be quoted material. 117. The thesis statement is always the first sentence in college research papers. 118. Parenthetical references signal the end of a quote, paraphrase, or summary. 119. Sources listed on the Works Cited page are numbered. 120. Lead-­‐ins prepare readers for the inclusion of outside sources. 121. At the college level, MLA format is required for research papers in virtually all fields of study. 122. In research papers, quotations are used only to support your own ideas. 123. It’s acceptable to quote within a paraphrase or summary. 124. A summary is always significantly shorter than the original text. 125. The primary function of parenthetical references or citations is to show a reader exactly where you’ve used outside sources. 126. The primary function of a Works Cited page is to show a reader what outside sources were used so that he/she could either verify the information or do further research. 127. “Short quote” and “in-­‐text quote” are synonymous terms. 128. “Long quote” and “block quote” are synonymous terms. 129. “Parenthetical citation” and “parenthetical reference” are synonymous terms. 130. Entries in the Works Cited page are listed in the order in which they appear in the paper. 131. When citing an Internet source, put the address in angle brackets < >. 132. Non-­‐written sources, such as interviews and videotapes, may be omitted from the Works Cited page. 133. When deciding whether to use in-­‐text or block quotation format in MLA style, the determining number of lines is four. 134. Block quotes retain the same line spacing as the rest of the paper. 135. Block quotes retain the same right justification as the rest of the paper. 136. Even unintentional plagiarism can incur severe penalties. 137. Historical and geographical facts that are easily verified aren’t documented in research papers. 138. Information from a personal Internet site doesn’t require documentation. 139. It’s acceptable to document multi-­‐sentence summaries and paraphrases with a single citation after the last sentence. 140. If you’re documenting a one-­‐page article it’s not necessary to cite the page. 141. Articles obtained electronically should be documented by paragraph number. 142. For Works Cited page entries, if several cities are listed for the place of publication, list the city nearest you. 143. Within the actual text of an MLA-­‐style research paper, the titles of books, journals, and magazines should be a. underlined b. italicized c. boldfaced d. either A or B e. both A and B f. none of the above 144. The proper punctuation symbol for indicating a deletion of material in a quote is the 12 a. parenthesis ( ) b. dash — c. hyphen -­‐ d. ellipsis . . . e. bracket [ ] f. none of the above 145. The proper punctuation symbol for indicating an addition of material in a quote is the a. parenthesis ( ) b. dash — c. hyphen -­‐ d. ellipsis . . . e. bracket [ ] f. none of the above _____________________________________________________________________________________________
PARTING IS SUCH SWEET SORROW Just so we don’t get overly mushy when we break up, I’ll tell you here how much I’ve appreciated having you people in my class. Y’all are a bright, downright pleasant bunch o’ folk, whom I’ll miss tremendously (speaking collectively, of course, not necessarily individually). I wish you all the best with your academic/professional/ domestic careers. Please accept my apologies if I’ve ever embarrassed or offended you, or overstepped my bounds in any manner. In return, I’ll forgive your yawns, naps, fits of boredom, e-­‐
mailing, web-­‐surfing/shopping, and doing homework for other classes while I lectured. “Brother Brugger, may I be excused? My brain is full.” 13 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPG3zSgm_Qo 14