War of 1812

• Analyze why the US declared war on
Britain
• Do Now- complete the multiple choice question on your notesheet

*Star Spangled Banner was written during the
War of 1812*

• Events in Europe influenced US foreign policy
• Presidents maintained neutrality in early 1800s
• In terms of geography, what makes this easy for us to do?
• But…US economy depended on trade

• 4 th President of the United States
• Wanted to avoid war
• However, “ War Hawks ” voted into Congress:
- Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun
- Their goal= expand US territory into Canada and
Florida

• British put trade restrictions on the US
 Hurt U.S. economy
• Impressment
• Why did the South and West want to go to war with Britain?
- their goods gained profits overseas (cotton, tobacco, rice, wheat)
• Settlers in the West accused British of arming & encouraging Native Americans to attack Americans

• Battle of Tippecanoe:
- Native Americans attacked US troops in Indiana
 US declared war on Britain in 1812
(“Mr. Madison’s War”)

• British implement 3 Part Strategy
1. Raid American cities (NY, DC)
2. Cut off New England from rest of country
3. Seize New Orleans, close
Mississippi River to the West

• British entered DC unchallenged
• Burned the White House and the
Capitol

• Battle of Lake Champlain:
- 15,000 soldiers advance to NY
- American navy defeats British
- British abandon the attack
• Battle of New Orleans:
- British attack New Orleans
- Andrew Jackson  “Old Hickory”
- US defeats British

• War ends with Treaty of Ghent :
- restored prewar boundaries
- no territories exchanged hands

• Effects of the War:
1. Neutrality was best
2. Native Americans lost British ally
 less able to stand-up to American
expansion
3. American manufacturing increased
4. Federalist Party begins to “die out”
5. US prestige increased
6. Patriotism & nationalism increased

• London banks demand repayment of loans from U.S. banks
• U.S. banks demand loan money back from American public
 leads to panic &
depression
• Americans consider an increased government role in the economy

• Why did the US go to war with
Britain & what was the outcome?