Table of Contents
LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................... iv
LIST OF TABLES ..........................................................................................................v
FOREWORD ............................................................................................................... vii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..............................................................................................x
INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................1
MUNICIPAL PROFILE ..............................................................................................1
STATE OF THE COAST ............................................................................................5
Coral Reefs ..............................................................................................................5
Fishes ......................................................................................................................6
Mangroves ...............................................................................................................8
Beach Forest ............................................................................................................9
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS .............................................................11
Demographics ........................................................................................................11
Education...............................................................................................................12
Social Services .......................................................................................................12
Social Welfare ...................................................................................................12
Disaster Management .........................................................................................13
Family Welfare ..................................................................................................13
Health ................................................................................................................13
Water Supply .....................................................................................................14
Solid Waste Management ...................................................................................16
Employment ..........................................................................................................17
Tourism .................................................................................................................17
Agriculture.............................................................................................................18
Fisheries ................................................................................................................21
Mineral Resources .................................................................................................25
Forestry .................................................................................................................25
Industry .................................................................................................................27
LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ICM ...........................................................................32
The Local Government Code (LGC) of 1991 or RA 7160 ......................................32
The Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998 or RA 8550................................................32
National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act (RA 7586) ....................33
Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA) or RA 8345 .......................33
Executive Order 533 ..............................................................................................34
International Agreements .......................................................................................34
Municipal Ordinances ............................................................................................35
STRATEGIC PLAN ......................................................................................................38
ii
Vision and Mission ....................................................................................................38
Issues, Goals and Objectives ......................................................................................38
MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE ...................................................................................49
Organizational Structure ............................................................................................49
Roles and Mandates of Key Organizations .................................................................50
ICM Coordinating Mechanism...................................................................................56
ZONING SCHEME.......................................................................................................58
Why Zone ..................................................................................................................58
Existing and Proposed Zones .....................................................................................59
Upland Zone ..........................................................................................................59
Production Zones ...............................................................................................59
Protection Zones ................................................................................................61
Coastal Zone ..........................................................................................................64
Marine Protected Area Zone...............................................................................64
Habitat Enhancement and Protection Zone .........................................................64
Tourism Zone ....................................................................................................65
Fishery Development Zone ................................................................................65
PROPOSED ACTIONS /ACTIVITIES .........................................................................66
REFERENCES ..............................................................................................................77
CAPSULE SUBPROJECT PROPOSALS .....................................................................78
iii
LIST OF FIGURES
No.
Figure Title
Page
1
Map showing the relative location of Municipality of Subic, Province of
Zambales
Map showing the topography of Municipality of Subic, Province of
Zambales
Coral reef assessment during PCRA in Subic, Zambales (DA-BFAR,
2009)
2
Coral reef habitat assessment results using Snorkel Method (DA-BFAR, 2009)
5
6
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Fish visual census results distribution by fish species (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Beach Forest Species Composition, Number of Individuals and
Biodiversity Index in Subic, Zambales
Organizational chart of the Municipality of Subic
Map showing the tenurial uses of Municipality of Subic, Zambales
Zoning map of Subic, Zambales
Map showing the upland zoning of Subic, Zambales
3
4
50
60
61
62
iv
LIST OF TABLES
No.
Table Title
Page
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Estimated Population per Barangays of Subic, Zambales.
Coral Reef Assessment Result using Snorkel Method (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Fish Visual Census Result per Barangay (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Assesstment Result of the Mnagrove Stand (DENR, 2009)
Assessment Result of the Mangrove Forest per Barangays (DENR,2009)
Assessment Results of the Beach Forest Stand of Subic (DENR, 2009)
Wells and Pumping Stations of Subic.
Barangays/Estimated Concessionaires of Subic Water District (as of June
2010)
Households by Main Source of Drinking Water.
Skills Inventory (Municipality of Subic, 1998)
Major Tourist Spots in Subic, Zambales
Rice Production 2009 Wet Cropping Season
Rice Production 2009-2010 Dry Season
Profile of Subic Agricultural Crops
Profile of Subic’s Permanent Commercial Crops
Profile of Subic’s Livestock and Poultry Production
Number of Organized Animal Farm
Number of Organized Poultry Farms
Common Species Caught and Gear Inventory in Brgy. Calapandayan,
Subic, Zambales (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Common Species Caught and Gear Inventory in Brgy. BaracaCamachile, Subic, Zambales (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Common Species Caught and Gear Inventory in Brgy. Matain, Subic,
Zambales (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Common Species Caught and Gear Inventory in Brgy. Cawag, Subic,
Zambales (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Common Species Caught and Gear Inventory in Brgy. Calapacuan,
Subic, Zambales (DA-BFAR, 2009)
2009 Business Establishment of Subic
Ordinance of Subic Related to ICRM
Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 1
Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 2
Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 3
Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 4
Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 5
Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 6
Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 7
Breakdown of General Land Uses, 2000
Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 1
Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 2
4
6
7
7
8
10
14
15
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
15
17
18
19
19
19
20
20
21
21
22
22
23
23
24
30
35
40
41
42
44
45
46
48
59
56
57
v
No.
36
37
38
39
40
Table Title
Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 3
Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 4
Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 5
Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 6
Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 7
Page
59
60
62
64
65
vi
Republic of the Philippines
MUNICIPALITY OF SUBIC
Province of Zambales
OFFICE OF THE MAYOR
FOREWORD
Subic is bestowed with rich coastal and marine resources with
clear/clean bay waters, abundant of marine aquatic life. The bay is
surrounded with beaches, which is good potential for tourism.
However, the coastal marine resources have been over exploited due
to several human activities in the past. Excessive fishing, use of destructive
fishing method and deforestation contributed to the destruction of marine
resources.
In order to develop and implement coastal management strategies, an
Integrated Coastal Resource Management plan will be formulated, adopted
and implemented.
This plan, the first ever written Coastal management Plan for Subic
will enhance coastal resources to reduce poverty among Municipal Fisher
folks, and promote sustainable management of coastal resources to increase
their income.
To the fisher folks of Subic, the DENR is with you all the way through
a healthier coastal environment and self-reliant Subic.
JEFFERSON F. KHONGHUN
Municipal Mayor
vii
Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Region III, Diosdado Macapagal Government Site, Maimpis, City of San Fernando (P)
FOREWORD
In the face of the urgency of ecological degradation and inadequacy
of centralized environmental management, local government units must use
the powers given them, thru the 1991 Local Government Code and take
responsibility for the care of their environment as primary stakeholders.
The Subic experience provides us with creative ideas and effective
strategies in confronting problems as well as with necessary institutional
mechanism to ensure integration of environmental plan with local
governance and strong support among the local community.
This plan envisions for a more effective protection, conservation and
rehabilitation of both marine and terrestrial resources. Thus, it contains
intervention and strategies to improve both ecosystems which the LGU itself
have identified based on issues and concerns prevailing in their
municipalities thru participatory planning. It is therefore hoped that the
plan formulated by the constituents themselves will be their major guide in
implementing the project.
RICARDO L. CALDERON, CESO III
Regional Executive Director
viii
Republic of the Philippines
BUREAU OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC RESOURCES
Region III, Diosdado Macapagal Government Site, Maimpis, City of San Fernando (P)
FOREWORD
Central Luzon is composed of seven provinces with relatively flat terrain. In the
coastal areas are composed of 336 coastal barangays bordered by major fishing ground,
namely the Manila Bay, South China Sea and Pacific Ocean wherein a rich marine
environment that includes coral reefs, coves and bay can be found.
However due to excessive abuse, these environments are enduring the problems
and risk of environmental degradation, declining fish catch and poverty in the coastal
communities. These issues have prevailed through the years and continue to agitate the
delicate ecological balance and endanger the lives and livelihood of coastal residents.
With these critical scenarios in hand, the concept of an integrated approach to Coastal
Resources Management (CRM) from municipal level to address these problems is a must.
The participation of the municipalities in promoting the ICRM Plan is the key to
alleviating the problems of the environment and poverty.
The Integrated Coastal Resources Management Project (ICRMP) is a program
that promotes in depth awareness on the current status of our coastal environment to the
people through a technically designed framework which was developed to scientifically
link the people to their environment and all process connected to it. The project will
provide new gateway for progress and create livelihoods that eliminate the pressure from
our coastal environment.
Lastly, I would like to commend the Municipality of Subic for coming up with this
very comprehensive ICRM Plan. This would serve as blueprint of the community towards
sustainable coastal resource management in the next five years. Together with DENR R3,
BFAR will always be your partner in achieving the goals sets by this ICRM Plan.
Congratulations and Mabuhay!!!
REMEDIOS E. ONGTANGCO, CESO III
Regional Director
ix
Executive Summary
The Integrated Coastal Resource Management Plan provides salient information
on the social and economic condition of upland and marine ecosystem of the
Municipality of Subic. It also significantly elaborates on the current status of the
resources, integrating ridge to reef habitats and ecological linkages, and the issues that
intrudes within the municipality and its negative impacts on the sustainability of
resources. Foremost are issues concerning marine environment degradation, poor
access roads, lack of trainings and technical know-how, poverty, overlapping
applications, conflicts in barangay boundary, sanitation, improper solid waste disposal
and weak law enforcement.
Thru Participatory Coastal Resource Assessment (PCRA) actual data have been
generated in coordination and active participation of the members of Bantay-Dagat,
Barangay Officials and fishermen. The data are gathered and compiled with the presence
of primary stakeholders and this result to an improved awareness and recognition of the
real situation of their resources and the need for integrated management.
The ICRM plan of Subic has been formulated in order develop and institute
strategies, actions and activities that the LGU, through inter-agency coordination, may
undertake to address priority issues, mitigate impacts and restore ecosystem integrity. In
addition, these strategies may help the municipality to further enhance its natural
resources and improve the quality of life of its peoples. The integrated coastal resource
management plan elaborates on the root causes of issues, establishes the most
appropriate strategies to address the issues and assembles a host of projects and
activities that will collectively achieve the Municipality’s vision on sustainable
development through ICRM.
In the later sections, the ICRM Plan discusses institutional mechanisms by which
the Plan can be effectively implemented and emphasizes that the underpinning element of
ICRM is essentially effective governance. Competent institutional structures and roles, as
well as resilient and informed communities will make up an effective governance system.
Building up a strong institutional base for ICRM within the LGU system and the
communities would enable effective and responsive policy reforms, rationalize plans for
effective elimination of destructive and non-sustainable resource use practices, reduce
negative consequences of economic development, and enhance community stewardship of
resources. The proposed zoning scheme will reinforce these initiatives as zoning would
establish the overall framework for long-term management of resource use practices and
investments in the coastal zone, coalesce local multi-sectoral initiatives for resources
conservation, protection and wise use practices,.
As we envision “A progressive, environmentally-balanced and industrialized city
sustainably managed by committed, healthy and God-fearing stakeholders.” the
Municipality reaffirms its conscientious dedication to be the primary steward of its
natural resources.
x
INTRODUCTION
MUNICIPAL PROFILE
The early inhabitants of Subic were the Negritos of Zambales, also known as
Aetas or Agtas. Early accounts reveal that these people lives wholly on hunting and
depended entirely on the vast forest of Subic for their daily sustenance. Although they are
not known for agricultural practices, some Aetas made use of the farm implements called
“HUBEK’. Later, the Spanish Missionaries christened the town after the farm tools, but
found it more convenient in pronouncing “HUBEK” as “SUBIC”.
With the arrival of the first wave of migrants in Zambales, mostly seafarers from
the Malay Peninsula, pocket settlements were established in areas where Aeta
communities were located. Through time, they were eventually pushed away from the
lowlands towards the uplands. Subic then was a stretched of rolling rugged and thickly
forested mountain ranges that formed a ring around to the bay.
The town of Subic was founded by the Augustinian Friar, Father Rodrigo de San
Miguel in 1607. In 1901, the U.S. Navy designated Subic Bay as a repair and supply
naval base site because of its strategic location. Later, Olongapo, a barrio of Subic and
part of the U.S. Military Reservations was turned over to the Philippines and converted
into a municipality by virtue of Executive Order No. 366 issued by then President Carlos
P. Garcia in December 7, 1959. Subic today as a town, is a separate and distinct from
SBMA and from Olongapo City.
The Municipality of Subic occupies the southernmost portion of the province of
Zambales (Figure 1). It is about 139 km. north of Manila and geographically situated at
14053’ latitude and 120014’Longitude. It is bounded on the north by the Municipality of
Castillejos, on the southeast by the City of Olongapo, on the west by the Municipality of
San Antonio, and on the east by the Municipality of Floridablanca, Pampanga.
Subic is the 7th biggest municipality in the entire province of Zambales with a
land area of 25,506.01 hectares. The data presented were based solely on the digitized
cadastral map per barangay of Subic Municipality. The result of digitization should be
cleared with the Bureau of Lands because of the discrepancy in land area from the
formerly declared area of 28,420.47 hectares to the digitized area of 25,506.01 hectares.
There is a difference of 2,914.46 hectares.
Subic’s topography is characterized by rolling and rugged mountainous terrain.
Based on landscape map, mountainous regions account for more than half (61.33%) of
the total land area of Subic. Hilly and lowland areas have coverage of 26.33% and
12.04%, respectively. In terms of slopes, a large portion of Subic Municipality, about
8,776.55 hectares (34.56%) have slopes ranging from 30 – 50% (hilly to mountainous).
Another 2,027.50 hectares (7.98%) have been classified as having slopes of more
than 50% (mountainous) (Figure 2). Collectively, about 16,325.95 (64.29%) hectares of
the total land area of Subic have slopes greater than 18%. The highest registered
elevation within the Municipality is Mount Redondo measuring 1,071 meters and located
on the southwest. On the east of the Municipality is another peak, Mt. Balakibok,
measuring 843 meters. The only level areas with 0-2 meters elevation above sea level is
the Subic Poblacion which is situated in a valley adjoining Subic Bay.
Figure 1. Map showing the relative location of Municipality of Subic,
Province of Zambales
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
2
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
3
Figure 2. Map showing the topography of Municipality of Subic, Province of Zambales
Subic has sixteen barangays, of which, eight (8) are urban and the other eight (8)
are rural (Table 1). The three largest barangays are rural: Batiawan (11,800.56 hectares),
Cawag (9,710.74 hectares) and Mangan-Vaca (926.41 hectares). Together with the rest of
the rural barangays, they account for a very high percentage (97.26 %) of the total land
area. Only a minute portion (2.74%) of Subic Municipality is occupied by the urbanized
barangays. The Pequiña Island is considered part of Brgy. Calapacuan (235.32 hectares).
Six (6) out of the sixteen (16) barangays are coastal with a population of 54,217
or 57% of the total 2009 population occupying 40% of the total land area of the
municipality. Fishing was once a major source of livelihood as indicated by a dynamic
fishport called “Bulungan” near the market area. But with the influx of industries coming
in since Subic is included in the Subic Special Economic and Freeport Zone (SSEFZ) by
virtue of Republic Act. 7227 or the Base Conversion and Development Act of 1992, it is
gradually shifting to become an industrial municipality that strives to balance conserving
the environment while accommodating commercial establishments.
Table 1. Estimated Population per Barangay of Subic, Zambales
No. Barangay
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Aningway-Sacatihan
Asinan Poblacion
Asinan Proper
Baraca-Camachile
Batiawan
Calapacuan
Calapandayan
Cawag
Ilwas
Mangan-Vaca
Matain
Naugsol
Pamatawan
San Isidro
Sto. Tomas
Wawandue
Land Area Percentage
(ha)
(%)
762.68
2.99
11.26
0.04
406.29
1.59
68.63
0.27
11,800.56
46.27
235.32
0.92
118.64
0.47
9,710.74
38.07
15.96
0.06
926.41
3.63
42.26
0.17
378.17
1.48
739.02
2.90
188.70
0.74
82.70
0.33
18.68
0.07
Total 25,506.01
Classification
Rural
Urban
Rural
Urban
Rural
Urban
Urban
Rural
Urban
Rural
Urban
Rural
Rural
Urban
Rural
Urban
Non-coastal
Non-coastal
Non-coastal
Coastal
Non-coastal
Coastal
Coastal
Coastal
Non-coastal
Non-coastal
Coastal
Non-coastal
Non-coastal
Non-coastal
Non-coastal
Coastal
Population
2009
4,936
1,169
4,596
4,619
1,141
16,560
10,738
8,510
5,144
5,992
9,842
1,970
3,800
5,377
6,744
3,948
100
95,086
Source: Subic Profile 2009 from MPDO and Digitized Cadastral Map per Barangay of Subic Municipality
No. of Coastal Barangays:
No. of Non-coastal Barangays:
Coastal Population:
Non-coastal Population:
Area of Coastal Barangays:
Area of Non-Coastal Barangays:
Urban Area:
Rural Area:
6
10
54,217
40,869
10,194.27 ha
15,311.75
699.44
24,806.57
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
(57%)
(42%)
(40%)
(60%)
(2.74%)
(97.26%)
4
STATE OF THE COAST
Coral Reefs
Coral reefs are critical habitats for marine life as they play an important role in the
productivity of the coastal ecosystem. In Subic, a Participatory Coastal Resource
Assessment (PCRA) to assess coral reef was led by the Department of AgricultureBureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DA-BFAR) covering five (5) coastal
barangays (Figure 3). The coral reef condition is usually indicated by the percentage of
live coral cover which is composed of the percentages of live hard corals and live soft
corals of a specific sampling site.
Assessment results using snorkel method revealed that generally, coral reef of
Subic is in poor condition with an average live coral cover of only 8% (Figure 4). Brgy.
Cawag among the five barangays showed the highest live coral cover of 22.5%, making it
a potential site for a marine protected area (Table 2). This is still categorized as poor and
just 3.5% deficient to make it to the 26% mark, which belongs to the fair condition range.
Meanwhile, Brgy. Calapacuan followed the rank at 12.5% live coral cover and Matain
with 9% with an interesting 17.5% dead coral cover, a probable site for artificial reef
installation. The other two (2) barangays have all sandy bottom.
Brgy. Baraca-Camachile
Brgy. Matain
Brgy. Calapacuan
Brgy. Cawag
Figure 3. Coral reef assessment during PCRA in Subic, Zambales (DA-BFAR, 2009).
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
5
Table 2.
Coral Reef Assessment Result using Snorkel Method (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Percent (%) Coral Cover per Barangay
Benthic Life Forms/
Average
Coral Reef
Baraca(%)
Calapacuan Calapandayan Cawag Matain
Components
Camachile
6.3
Live hard corals
12.5
21.5
9
1.4
Live soft corals
2.5
5.0
0
4.3
White dead coral
12.5
12.5
10
10.3
Dead corals with algae
12.5
12.5
17.5
0.8
Plants
5.0
0
0.1
Other animals
2.5
0
8.7
Ruble/rock
12.5
30.0
13.5
68.0
Sand/Silt
100
47.5
100
11.0
50
100
100
100
100
100
100
Total
10.1
Live coral cover
15
26.5
9
Condition
-
-
6%
-
Poor
Poor
POOR
2% 4%
10%
1%
0%
9%
68%
Live hard coral
Dead coral with algae
Live soft coral
Plants
White dead coral
Other animals
POOR CONDITION
Figure 4. Coral reef habitat assessment results using Snorkel Method (DA-BFAR,
2009)
Fishes
During the 2009 PCRA, results reveal that only 15 species were found in the
transects laid during the assessment. Brgy. Matain showed the most diverse fish species
at 7 fish species, probably because of the presence of the 64.7% coral cover composed of
both live and dead. Second most diverse is Brgy. Cawag at five (5) fish species living
along a 47% coral cover area (Figure 5). The dominant fish in terms of quantity is fusilier
(Gymnocaesio gymnoptera) with a local name of ‘tirong’ found in Brgy. Calapandayan.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
6
Table 3.
Fish Visual Census Result per Barangay (DA-BFAR, 2009)
FISHES
Barangay
Common
Local Name
Baraca Calapacuan Calapandayan Cawag Matain
Name
Rabbitfish
Samaral/danggit
1
0
0
0
0
Scientific
Name
Siganus
canaliculatus
Apogon
Cardinal fish
fraenatus
Myripristis
Squirrelfish
pralinia
Lutjanus bohar Snapper
Three-line
therapon
Gymnocaesio Fusilier
gymnoptera
Ctenochaetus Surgeonfish
binotatus
Chaetodon
Butterflyfish
auriga
Chromis agilis Damsel fish
Chromis
Damsel fish
caudalis
Thalosoma
Wrasse
lunare
Coris
Wrasse
batuensis
Bumphead
Parrotfish
Scolopsis
Coral Bream
bilineatus
5%
Parangan
12
0
0
0
0
Suga
0
1
0
0
0
Maya-Maya
0
2
0
0
0
Gagaong
0
0
2
0
0
Tirong
0
0
21
0
0
Labahita
0
0
0
12
8
Paru-paro
0
0
0
2
5
Puyong Dagat
Puyong Dagat
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
2
0
4
-
0
0
0
2
0
-
0
0
0
0
5
Angol
0
0
0
0
5
-
0
0
0
0
5
5%
2%
1%
12%
5%
2%
1%
2%
2%
6%
9%
21%
7%
20%
Siganus canaliculatus
Three line therapon
Chromis agilis
Bumphead parrotfish
Apogon fraenatus
Gymnocaesio gymnoptera
Chromis caudalis
Scolopsis bilineatus
Myripristis pralinia
Ctenochaetus binotatus
Thalassoma lunare
Zanclus cornutus
Lutjanus bohar
Chaetodon auriga
Coris batuensis
Figure 5. Fish visual census results distribution by fish species (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
7
Mangroves
Mangrove forest is considered a major coastal resource that greatly contributes to
the country’s economy and in maintenance of ecological balance. They serve as habitats
for many animals especially fishes and shellfish. However, the benefits incurred from
these resources do not spare it from the rapid degradation usually caused by human
intrusion, urbanization and coastal development. Generally, mangrove forest in Subic is
in good condition based on the three (3) barangays assessed (Table 4). Good condition
indicates slight disturbance and few mangrove cuttings. Brgy. Cawag and Brgy
Calapacuan, in particular, exhibited good mangrove habitat condition. Since Brgy.
Baraca-Camachile has only several mangrove trees, this was not included in the
assessment but were manually counted and noted for reference. The average crown cover
of mangroves assessed was 53.25%, height was 4.43 m and regeneration per square meter
was 1.21.
Table 4. Assessment Results of the Mangrove Stand (DENR, 2009)
BARANGAY
Cawag
Calapandayan
Calapacuan
TOTAL / AVE.
Total Area of
All Sampled
Quadrats
(sq.m)
6,400
1,000
800
8,200
CRITERIA
Percent (%) Average Regeneration
Crown
Height
per Square
Cover
(m)
Meter
57.26
4.40
0.55
63.91
5.39
2.44
38.57
3.49
0.63
53.25
4.43
1.21
Habitat
Condition
Good
Good
Fair
GOOD
The assessment results showed that 15 mangrove species can be found in Subic
(Table 5). The total number of trees assessed is 653, with Nipa (Nypa fruticans) as the
most dominant comprising about 31% of all trees recorded, followed by Pagatpat
(Sonneratia alba) at 19% and Kulasi (Lumnitzera racemosa) at 8%. Most number of
trees were enumerated in Barangay Cawag with 366 trees (56%).
Table 5. Assessment Results of the Mangrove Forest per Barangay (DENR, 2009)
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Mangrove Tree Species
Scientific Name
Local Name
Nypa fruticans
Nipa
Sonneratia alba
Pagatpat
Lumnitzera racemosa
Kulasi
Rhizophora mucronata
Bakawan Babae
Avicennia rumphiana
Bungalon
Avicennia officinalis
Api-api
Cawag
4
120
45
9
40
25
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
Barangay
Calapandayan Calapacuan
198
7
7
1
43
9
4
Total
202
127
53
52
40
38
8
No.
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Mangrove Tree Species
Scientific Name
Local Name
Ceriops tagal
Tangal
Ceriops decandra
Malatangal
Xylocarpus granatum
Tabigi
Osbornia octodonta
Taualis
Bruguiera cylindrica
Pototan Lalake
Rhizophora apiculata
Bakauan Lalake
Excoecaria agallocha
Buta-buta
Sonneratia caseolaris
Pedada
Aegiceras corniculatum
Saging-saging
TOTAL
Cawag
37
32
25
20
9
366
Barangay
Calapandayan Calapacuan
3
7
1
3
3
1
77
210
Total
37
32
25
20
10
10
3
3
1
653
Beach Forest
Beach forest is a narrow strip of woodland along the sandy and gravelly beaches
of the seacoast which plays a critical role in maintaining the coastline. A beach forest
assessment conducted on four (4) barangays of Subic showed that Subic beach forest has
an average of 1.97 biodiversity index.
A beach forest assessment conducted on four (4) barangays of Subic showed that
Subic beach forest has an average of 1.97 biodiversity index. Beach forest species
predominant in the municipality is Niyog (Cocos nucifera). It is followed by Agoho
(Casuarina equisetifolia), Talisay (Terminalia catappa) and Mangga (Mangifera indica).
Pure stands of palms are not the natural vegetation of the beach forest ecosystem. It is
sometimes indicative of an altered/ disturbed habitat.
Assessment results (Figure 6 and Table 6) indicated that 52 beach forest species
can be found on four barangays. Out of the four barangays, Barangay Calapandayan
beach forest is the most diverse with a biodiversity index of 2.19. At present, Subic
Beach forest is generally an endangered habitat because of coastal development such as
human habitation and cultivation and coconut plantations as evidenced by the prevalence
of fruit-bearing trees and agricultural crops. In this particular event, vegetation has been
cleared significantly removing beach forest species and replaced by plant species
considered to be more valuable for human use and consumption.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
9
Table 6. Assessment Results of the Beach Forest Stand of Subic (DENR, 2009)
BARANGAY
Calapandayan
Calapacuan
Matain
Cawag
TOTAL / AVE.
Species
Composition
Number of
Individuals
Biodiversity
Index
20
13
8
11
158
78
62
181
479
2.19
2.05
1.86
1.79
1.97
Top three tree species
Niyog, Mangga, Talisay
Niyog, Mangga, Bougainvilla
Niyog, Talisay, Auri
Agoho, Eucalyptus, Talisay
Figure 6. Beach Forest Species Composition, Number of Individuals and
Biodiversity Index in Subic, Zambales
It is likewise noteworthy to mention that the large number of individuals assessed
in Barangay Cawag and the dominance of Agoho in the area. This may be attributed to
the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo as have been the case of Sitios Anawangin, Nagsaza, and
Silanguin of the municipality of San Antonio which are adjacent to Barangay Cawag. As
foretold, the said eruption spread out hence, it is worthy to note that aside from human
intervention which directly affects the species composition of an area, ecological aspect
and calamities are also great factors.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
10
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
Demographics
Population (2007 survey)
Land Area
No. of Barangays
No. of Coastal Barangays
Income
Classification
Island
76,682
25,506.01 hectares
16
6
Business taxes, IRA, clearances, RPT & Other taxes
1st class
1 (Pamana/Snake Island)
Major Industries
: Manufacturing
: Services
: Trading
: Jeepneys, mini-buses and buses (victory liner)
playing in the town from south & north
Zambales
: Tricycle rides from the town to the different
barangays
: Water craft or motorized bancas in going to
coastal sitios of Barangay Cawag.
: 17,232
:4
: 95%
: Open Dumpsite
Transportation
Number of Household
Average No. of Children
Literacy Rate
Waste Disposal System
Roads
Barangay Road
Municipal Road
Provincial Road
National Road
Concrete Road
Asphalted Road
: 44.9078 Km.
: 2.85 Km.
: 27.10 Km.
: 33.378 Km.
: 31.4 Km
: 35.89 Km
General Land Use:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Forest Area
Swamps/Rivers/Marshes
Grazing & Pasture
Crops Production Area
1. Rice
-Irrigated
-Rainfed
2. Corn
3. Vegetables/root crops
16,338.66 ha
154.00 ha
3,417.30 ha
1,027.394 ha
269.7
309.6
16.7
50.96
ha
ha
ha
ha
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
11
4. Mango
380.134 ha
E. Orchards/Permanent Crops
F. Fishpond(brackish/ Freshwater)
G. Residential Areas/Roads
H. Industrial Area
I. Commercial Area
j. Open Space
K. Institutional
L. Idle/Uncultivated Land
TOTAL LAND AREA
300.59 ha
36.404 ha
3,230.00 ha
715.59 ha
106.43 ha
188.112 ha
22.03 ha
2.5
ha
25,506.01 hectares
Education
The Municipality of Subic had enhanced the educational facilities to support the
need of residents for quality higher education. The Municipality has nine (9) High
Schools which serve secondary school-going population and twenty five (25) Public
Elementary Schools that give an average of 1:45 and 1:44 teacher-student ratio
respectively that more than meets the standard of 1:50 teacher-student ratio as set by the
Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS).
It also has one (1) Tertiary Education, the Kolehiyo ng Subic founded last
September 17, 2002 by Former Mayor Jeffrey D. Khonghun through Sangguniang Bayan
Resolution No. 83, Ordinance No. 05-2002. It offers four (4) four-year courses and four
(4) vocational/technical courses with a faculty compliment of thirteen (13) full time and
sixty six (66) part time.
Day care facilities are found in all baranagys of Subic. In Cawag, there are five
(5) day care centers, three (3) in Calapacuan, two (2) each in Aningway-Sacatihan,
Manggahan, Asinan Proper, Matain, Sto. Tomas and Batiawan, and one (1) each in
Barangays Pamatawan, Ilwas, Baraca-Camachile, Wawandue, Asinan Poblacion,
Calapandayan, San Isidro and Naugsol.
Social Services
Social Welfare
Social Welfare aims to uplift the living conditions of that segment of the
population, which has the least in life. Emphasis is given on the improvement of the
quality of life of the distresses and the disadvantaged individuals, groups, families
and communities. Vulnerable groups include neglected, abused, and exploited
children and women, cultural communities, persons with disabilities, the elderly and
communities prone to natural calamities and/or man-made disasters.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
12
The Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office (MSWDO) facilitate
the social welfare services of the municipality. Among the society levels being served
were children, the youth, needy adults, older persons (60 years above), persons with
disabilities (PWDs) and families.
Disaster Management
During periods of calamity, resources are organized to provide relief goods to
affected families. The Municipal Disaster Coordinating Council, chaired by the
Honorable Mayor, is tasked to oversee the implementation of disaster operations and
activities. It allows non-government organizations, and peoples organizations to
volunteer their services in relief and rehabilitation work. During emergency
situations, the council is mobilized to provide overall coordination of disaster
management.
Family Welfare
On-going programs that address the needs of families include: Family
Casework/Counseling, Marriage Counseling, Special Social Services for Solo
Parents, Assistance for Abused Children, and Maternal and Child Care Skills
Development. (Source: Subic CLUP- 111 – 21 & 22)
Health
A Barangay Health Station (BHS) provides primary health services to the
locality, which usually include health education, control of locally endemic diseases,
immunization, maternal/child health and family planning, nutrition, treatment of
common diseases, and supply of essential drugs. There are ten (10) BHS Facilities in
Subic. These are located in Barangays Matain, Calapacuan, Calapandayan, Sto.
Tomas, San Isidro, Ilwas, Mangan-Vaca, Cawag, Aningway-Sacatihan and
Pamatawan.
There are two (2) Rural Health Units (RHUs) found in barangays Wawandue
and Calapacuan. The RHUs usually provide secondary health services. In Subic, the
RHUs take care of the medical needs of barangays that do not have BHS facilities.
RHU I cover the following areas: Asinan Proper, Asinan Poblacion, Baraca
Camachile, and Wawandue. On the other hand, RHU II takes charge of farflung
barangays Naugsol and Batiawan.
According to the Municipal Health Office (MHO), the health personnel of
Subic are comprised of one (1) doctor and three (3) public health nurses. There is also
one (1) Medical Technologist, one (1) Sanitary Inspector, nine (9) Midwives, and
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
13
three (3) Birth Attendants. The municipality also employs one (1) Dentist and two (2)
Dental Aides but lacks a local Nutritionist.
Water Supply
The Subic Water District supply water in the whole municipality. It has
several wells and pumping stations located in different barangays to distribute water
(Table 7). Supply of water covers four (4) barangays. There are twelve (12) wells
being managed by five (5) pumping stations. There are two major sources of surface
water – the Mangan-Vaca Dam and Balite Dam (Baraca-Camachile).
Table 7. Wells and Pumping Stations of Subic
Area
Name of Pumping Station Well
Pamatawan
Atty. Leonardo Gonzales
Pumping Station
Felipe Delgado Pumping
Station
Isaias Q. Vindua Pumping
Station
Mangan-Vaca
San Isidro
Naugsol
V. Casila Pumping Station
Jose Vindua Pumping
Station
Number of area barangays covered:
Total number of pumping stations:
Total number of wells:
1. Pamatawan Well I
2. Pamatawan Well I-B
1. Pamatawan Well II-B
1. Pamatawan Well IV
2. Pamatawan Well IV-B
1. Mangan-Vaca Well (Manggahan Well)
2. Mangan-Vaca Well II
R. Magsaysay Well
1. Naugsol Well I
2. Naugsol Well II
3. Naugsol Well III
1. Naugsol Well IV
4
5
12
There are concessionaires or small water distributors that specifically serve a
number of individual consumers. The barangays and number of estimated
concessionaire of the Subic Water District is show in Table 8.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
14
Table 8.
Barangay/Estimated Concessionaires of Subic Water
District (as of June 2010)
Number of
Concessionaires
1154
641
472
69
479
515
768
1743
1252
468
763
359
222
29
No. Barangays
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Mangan-Vaca
Ilwas
Asinan-Proper
Asinan Poblacion
Baraca-Camachile
Wawandue
Calapandayan
Calapacuan
Matain
Sto. Tomas
San Isidro
Pamatawan
Aningway-Sacatihan
Cawag-Club Morocco
LGU Accounts
TOTAL
13
= 8,947
Data on drinking water sources provide information on the proportion of
households with access to potable water. In the 1990 census, 3,705 or 39 percent of
the households have their own faucets and are connected either to the Subic Water
District (SWD) or a community water system. Water system with deep well as source
is reported under this category as long as it subscribes to a community water system.
2,386 or 25.12 percent of the households get their water from the faucet of another
household, establishment, or office which is connected to the community water
system also known as the Subic Water District (SWD). 1,014 or 10 percent of the
households get their water from a tubed/piped well which is at least 100 feet (5 pieces
of 20 ft pipes) or 30 meters deep, for private use of the household or households in
the same building or compound. Springs, lakes, and rivers are used by the residents in
remote barangays for their water needs (Table 9).
Table 9. Households by Main Source of Drinking Water
Main Source of Drinking Water
1. Own use, faucet, community water system
2. Shared, faucet, community water system
3. Own use, tubed/piped deep well
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
Number of Households
Percentage (%)
3,705
2,386
1,014
39.00
25.12
10.68
15
Main Source of Drinking Water
Number of Households
Percentage (%)
4. Shared, tubed/piped deep well
5. Tubed/piped shallow well
6. Dug well
7. Spring, Lake, River, Rain, etc.
TOTAL
Source: NSO 1990
840
596
707
251
9,499
8.84
6.28
7.44
2.64
100.00
From the Provincial Development Plan, as of 1996, 4,018 wells serve 4,750 or
39.45 percent of the households under Level 1 water system while Level 3 water
system serve 4,697 or 49.01 percent of the households in Subic. Level 1 water system
is characterized by the existence of a point source system with shallow well, deep
well or protected spring. Level 2 is communal faucet comprised of developed point
source, electrically driven pumps, storage tank and piped distribution network with
public faucets. There are no Level 2 systems in the municipality. Meanwhile, Level 3
refers to individual house connections. About 21.54 percent of the households have
no water service at all.
Solid Waste Management
The Municipality of Subic has one designated area for their garbage: the ninehectare controlled dumpsite in Brgy. Calapacuan which was opened last 1997. The
area of the existing controlled dumpsite was formerly an idle lot and is located far
from any residential area. The controlled dumpsite will be eventually closed by virtue
of RA 9003. Currently, there is an on-going site suitability assessment of a sanitary
landfill being conducted by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) of 15-hectare
lot situated at Brgy. Naugsol.
A concrete road leads to the site from Barangay Mangan-Vaca. Open dump
trucks with a capacity of 4.9 cu.m. each collect approximately 3,120 cubic meters of
waste coming from 14 out of the 16 barangays of the municipality per month. Each
barangay has its own garbage truck except Barangay Batiawan. The trucks make
three trips to the dumpsite daily. A total estimate of 50 metric tons of garbage per day
is collected. Compositions of the garbage range from textile, plastics, paper, to rubber
and leather, petroleum products, yard waste, wood, metals and glass.
Recycling and zero-waste approach to waste management has not been
introduced and there are no recycling plants within the municipality. Sorting the
garbage is being done by the garbage collectors that have junk shops. Materials that
can be reused, such as cartons, aluminum cans, bottles and metal, are segregated and
sold.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
16
Employment
Of the 28,789 household population 15 years old and over, 12,430 (43.18%) are
employed while 2,012 (6.99%) are unemployed. The other 14,347 (49.84%) are not in
the labor force (NSO Census of Population and Housing, 1990).
In the 1998-2001 Municipal Trade and Industry Development Plan, the number of
skilled workers total 26,580. The distribution of these workers according to skills is
presented in the table below:
Table 10. Skills Inventory (Municipality of Subic, 1998)
Skills
No. of Persons
Automotive mechanic
102
Basic accounting and bookkeeping
76
Basic computer literacy
1,564
Basic driving
6,000
Basic electronics
107
Basic typing and data encoding
11,419
Drafting
53
Dressmaking
1,271
General electricity
205
Heavy equipment operation
46
High-speed sewing
279
Hotel housekeeping
2740
Intermediate computer literacy
854
Refrigeration and aircon mechanic
47
Tailoring
104
Welding
1713
TOTAL
26,580
Source: Municipal Trade and Industry Development Plan (1998-2001)
Tourism
Subic has long been recognized a tourist destination area with the presence of its
beach resorts and accommodation facilities (Table 11). There are several good tourist
destination areas in the town. Among these are seven (7) prominent beach resorts, one
(1) shrine, and one (1) inland resort (Balon Falls), as shown in the table below. Four (4)
of these resorts are accessible by land transportation while the rest are accessible by boat.
Moreover, because of the emerging interest of people in Eco-Tourism in general, Subic
can develop Patal falls located in Batiawan where visitors can trek or camp. The
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
17
Municipal government can also explore other areas in the Municipality that can be
developed into eco-tourism sites.
Table 11. Major Tourist Spots in Subic, Zambales
Tourist Spot
Location (Brgy.)
White Rock Quality Resort and Hotel
Matain
Pequeña Island/Snake Island (formerly Pamana Resort) Subic Bay
Palibunin Tourist Spot
Calapandayan
Atin Beach
Calapandayan
Miami Beach
Cawag
Green Beach
Redondo Peninsula, Cawag
Gaines Beach
Cawag
Balon Falls
Aningway-Sacatihan
Shrine of the Blessed Virgin Mary
Aningway-Sacatihan
Source: Socio-Economic Profile; Comprehensive Land Use Plan and Zoning Ordinance
of the Municipality of Subic, 1997
Other potential tourist spots include:
• Patal Falls located in Brgy. Batiawan
• Subic Wildlife Park
• M & N beach resort located in Brgy. Calapandayan
• Subic Shipyard in Brgy. Cawag (an industrial area that could also serve as
an alternative tourist destination)
Agriculture
Subic has six (6) agricultural barangays that include Barangays Pamatawan,
Aningway-Sacatihan, Mangan-Vaca, Cawag, San Isidro and Naugsol. Presently, 2.5% of
the total municipal land or 697.92 hectares are devoted to field crops. Of this 579.3
hectares are planted with rice, 46.56 % are irrigated areas with a total of 269.7 hectares,
and 53.44% or 309.6 hectares are rain-fed areas. Farmers planted twice a year in irrigated
areas and once in rain-fed areas.
Average rice production during 2009 Wet Cropping Season in irrigated area is 4.0
Metric Tons (M.T.) and 3.8 M.T. in rain-fed areas. Hybrid Rice average yield per hectare
is 4.05 M.T. This was so due to calamities brought about by typhoon/storm Ondoy and
Peping which caused damages in rice crop.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
18
Table 12. Rice Production 2009 Wet Cropping Season
Production(MT) By Ecosystem
By Seed Type
Hybrid Certified Seeds
Good Seeds
Seeds
IRRI.
RFD. IRRI. RFD.
12.15
463.66
536.06
411.5
Yield (MT/HA) By Ecosystem
By Seed Type
Hybrid Certified Seeds
Good Seeds
Seeds IRRI.
RFD. IRRI. RFD.
726.18
4.05
4.0
3.8
3.6
3.58
Table 13. Rice Production 2009-2010 Dry Season
Production(MT) By Ecosystem
By Seed Type
Certified Seeds Good Seeds
Total
294.7
125.2
Yield (MT/HA) By Ecosystem
By Seed Type
Certified Seeds Good Seeds
Total
419.9
4.30
3.74
4.11
Agricultural Commodities
A. Field Crops
Table 14. Profile of Subic Agricultural Crops
Kind of Crops
1. Rice
- Irrigated
- Rainfed
2. Corn
-Yellow
- Green/White
3. Root Crops
- Cassava
- Sweet Potato
- Ube
- Gabi
4. Legumes
- Bush Sitao
- Pole Sitao
- Peanut
5. Vegetables
a. Leafy Vegetable
Area
(ha)
No. of
Farmers
Total Production
(M.T)
Average
Yield/Ha.
269.7
309.6
224
256
1,213.65
1,238.4
4.5
4.0
5.2
11.5
7
39
19.5
43.125
3.75
3.75
17.0
9.7
1.1
6.2
67
39
14
39
76.5
33.95
3.3
20.46
4.5
3.5
3.0
3.3
4.29
3.66
3.6
36
27
4
17.16
14.64
2.7
4.0
4.0
4.5
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
19
Kind of Crops
- Pechay
- Cowpea
b. Fruit Vegetable
- Ampalaya
- Eggplant
- Squash
- Tomato
- Upo
- Okra
- Patola
TOTAL
Area
(ha)
1.5
1.5
No. of
Farmers
14
10
Total Production
(M.T)
5.25
5.25
Average
Yield/Ha.
3.5
3.5
2.9
6.6
2.7
6.2
2.6
3.8
1.41
670.76
41
42
24
35
48
45
19
1,030
9.0
23.04
13.5
21.7
8.45
12.35
5.4
2,787.33
3.10
3.5
5.0
3.5
3.25
3.25
3.82
75.22
B. Permanent Commercial Crops
Table 15. Profile of Subic’s Permanent Commercial Crops
Permanent
Commercial Crops
1. Mango
2. Coconut
3. Cashew
4. Banana
5. Calamansi
No. of Bearing
Trees
8,653
198
2,065
8,000
1,200
Production
(M.T)
1,652.28
15.84
8.2
160
-
Non-Bearing
(No. of Trees)
19,246
200
2,215
2,000
1,000
C. Livestock and Poultry Profile
Table 16. Profile of Subic’s Livestock and Poultry Production
Kinds of Animals
Carabao
Cattle
Swine
Goat
Sheep
Broiler Chicken
Native Chicken
Layer Chicken
Ducks
Pigeons
Ostrich
No. of Farmer Raisers
74
57
325 B/C
72
6
47
129
None
56
224
1
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
No. of Heads
253 hds.
285 hds.
1,806 hds.
868 hds.
45 hds.
5,040 hds.
3,404 hds.
None
646 hds.
3,578 hds.
2 hds.
20
Table 17. Number of Organized Animal Farm
No. of
No. of
Kind
Commercial
Heads
Farm
Cattle
None
Swine
4
80-150 hds
Goat
None
-
No. of SemiBackyard Farm
No. of
Heads
5
11
9
7-10 hds.
10-15 hds.
10-15 hds.
Table 18. Number of Organized Poultry Farms
Kind of Poultry
No. of Farms
Native
None
Layer
None
Broiler
None
Ducks
None
Pigeons
39
No. of Slaughterhouse
No. of Breeding Station
No. of Commercial Hog Farm
No. of Feed Mills
No. of Meat Processing Plants
No. of Chicken Dressing Plant
:
:
:
:
:
:
No. of Heads
None
None
None
None
15-30 hds.
1
none
4
None
None
1-new breed
Fisheries
In 1998, it was estimated that the municipality of Subic yielded a total fishery
resources of 1,746,000 kilos. Approximately 752,000 out of the total production were
generated through inland fishing (Source: Provincial Agriculture Office (PAO)). The rest
were caught in the seas using motorized and non-motorized bancas. Furthermore
according to PAO, Subic had a deficit of 770,600 kilos of fish for the same period. The
estimate was based on the town’s population, consumption, and total fish production.
Cawag, Ilwas, and Wawandue are coastal barangays. These barangays generate
estimated fishery resources of 2-3 metric tons per month. Fishponds are likewise found in
Cawag and Ilwas. These ponds commonly cultivate milkfish and prawns.
With the Subic LGU, DA-BFAR conducted a PCRA socio-economic interview
among coastal barangays and covered the following topics: gear inventory and common
species caught, community organizations, past and present livelihood projects, proposed
community livelihood projects, issues and project proposal.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
21
Gear inventory and common species caught is part of the interview output during
barangay consultation. Results are presented in Table 19 for Brgy. Calapandayan, Table
20 for Brgy. Baraca-Camachile, Table 21 for Brgy. Matain, Table 22 for Brgy. Cawag,
and Table 23 for Brgy. Calapacuan.
Table 19. Common Species Caught and Gear Inventory in Brgy. Calapandayan, Subic,
Zambales (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Common Gears Used
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Kawil
Uhayan
Lambat Palubog
Largarete
Singapong
Bintol and Bubo
Pana
Pangulong
Common Species Caught
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Aligasan
Alimango
Alimasag
Alumahan
Batalay
Bisugo
Bonito
Burara
Dilis
Galunggong
Gulyasan
Hasa-hasa
Lapu-lapu
Loro
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
Malakapas
Matambaka
Maya-maya
Oreles
Pugita
Pusit
Samaral
Sapsap
Saramolyete
Tarian
Tirong
Tulingan
Yellowfin tuna
Table 20. Common Species Caught and Gear Inventory in Brgy. Baraca-Camachile,
Subic, Zambales (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Common Gears Used
9. Hook and line
10. Pana
11. Singapong
Common Species Caught
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
Alimango
Alimasag
Bangkutak
Bisugo
Dalagang Bukid
Dilis
Galunggong
Lapu-lapu
Lobster
Loro
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
Matambaka
Pargo
Pating
Pusit
Samaral
Sapsap
Saramolyete
Talakitok
Tirong
Torsilyo
22
Table 21. Common Species Caught and Gear Inventory in Brgy. Matain, Subic,
Zambales (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Common Gears Used
12. Kawil
13. Lambat Palutang
14. Lambat Palubog
15. Pana
16. Squid jigger
17. Bubo
18. Tawtaw
19. Kitang
Common Species Caught
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
Aligasin
Alumahan
Bangkutak
Batalay
Betilya
Bisugo
Blue Marlin
Bonito
Burador
Burara
Danggit
Darapa
Hasa-hasa
Lapu-lapu
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
Loro
Matambaka
Maya maya
Pagi
Pargo
Pusit
Salay-salay
Samaral
Sapatero
Talakitok
Tambakol
Tanigue
Tulingan
Tuna
Table 22. Common Species Caught and Gear Inventory in Brgy. Cawag, Subic,
Zambales (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Common Gears Used
1.
2.
3.
4.
Pana
Lambat Palubog
Lambat Palutang
Kawil
Common Species Caught
1. Alimasag
2. Alumahan
3. Batalay
4. Bisugo
5. Boging
6. Bondying
7. Borador
8. Danggit
9. Darapa
10. Dorado
11. Espada
12. Hasa hasa
13. Kulita
14. Labahita
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
17. Marlin
18. Octopus
19. Pagi
20. Pango
21. Pating
22. Pusit
23. Salay-salay
24. Samaral
25. Sapsap
26. Talakitok
27. Tambakol
28. Tanigue
29. Torsilyo
30. Tulingan
23
15. Lapu-lapu
16. Malasugi
Table 23. Common Species Caught and Gear Inventory in Brgy. Calapacuan, Subic,
Zambales (DA-BFAR, 2009)
Common Gears Used
1.
2.
3.
4.
Kawil
Hila hila
Kitang
Tawtaw
Common Species Caught
1. Bisugo
2. Albahura
3. Alumahan
4. Baratiktik
5. Batalay
6. Betilya
7. Bisugo
8. Bonito
9. Bukot
10. Burara
11. Butete
12. Dilis
13. Dulyasan
14. Galunggong
15. Hasa-hasa
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
Langa
Lapis
Lapu-lapu
Latsay
Lobster
Matambaka
Pagi
Palos
Pating
Pusit
Talakitok
Tanigue
Tirong
Torsilyo
Aquaculture
A. Brackish Water Aquaculture
Culture Species
Area (ha)
Bangus (fishpond)
65.0
No. of Operators
10
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
Annual/Production(M.T)
375.5
24
B. Freshwater
Culture Species
Tilapia
Area (ha)
3.4
No. of Operators
14
Annual/Production(M.T)
6.8
Municipal Fisheries
A. Number of Registered Fishermen
• Full Time
• Part Time
B. No of Registered Fishing Banca
• Motorized No.
• Production (M.T.)
C. Coastline (km) of Subic Bay
Area
D. Commercial Fishing
• No. of Registered Vessel
-
1,030
-
518
1,628.00
30.46503
142 sq. km.
-
5
Mineral Resources
Subic town which is part of Zambales is rich in metallic minerals such as gold,
copper, chromite, and silver as well as non-metallic minerals in the form of crushed
sandstones/rocks, jade, pumice, white clay, rock aggregate, salt, stones, cobbles,
boulders, and silica quartz. This is supported by various claims on the presence of small
scale quarrying and mining operations in the town. In Cawag, for example, there were
reports of jade extraction but have recently ceased operations for unknown reasons.
Forestry
The Marelalec Watershed has an area of 635 hectares. It is located in the northern
part of the Subic Bay. The maximum length of the watershed is about 4.2 kilometers with
a width of about 2.8 kilometers. On the northeast of the headwater of the watershed is
Mount Namapagan at Barangay Asian, Subic. The flow path of the river follows a NorthSouth direction. The area is covered by brushland, open/grassland, and patches of
mangrove. There is also forest trees sporadically located within the watershed. The builtup areas cover Barangay Wawandue and Barangay Asinan. The dominant soil type is
Antipolo clay with 60.6% and covers almost the entire headwater of the watershed. It is
followed by mountain soil with 32.2% and Quingua silt loam. The watershed has an
elevation of 180 meters above sea level (masl). This river flows through Barangay
Wawandue before emptying its water in the Subic Bay.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
25
The Calapandayan/Managn-vaca Watershed has an area of 1,600 hectares. It is
one of the most important watershed as it is the source of potable water supply for the
town of Subic, Zambales. The maximum length of the watershed is 9.8 kilometers. The
headwater originates at mount Mabohinok on the northwest of the watershed. The flow
path of the mainstream follows northeast-southwest direction. The water runs through
Barangay Batiawan, Managan-vaca, along the border of Ilwas through Barangay BaracaCamachile and finally emptying into Subic Bay through the river mouth of Calapandayan
River. The area is covered by dipterocarp species in the upper stream while grassland,
reproductive brush, agricultural crops and mangrove species dominate the down stream.
The Quingua silt loam with 70.2% covers the largest part of the watershed and is found
mostly in Barangay Mangan-vaca, Aningway-Sacatihan and Batiawan Antipolo clay, on
the other hand, covers the northeast of the watershed while Hydrosol covers the shoreline
of the watershed. In terms of slope, the area is moderately sloping, gently sloping to
undulating steep. The highest elevation of the watershed is 800 masl.
The Agusuhin/Quinabucsan Watershed has an area of about 1,300 hectares. The
headwater originated from Mount Redondo. It is bounded by Mount Redondo in the
north, Mount Maybe in the west and Cinco Picos in the south. The maximum length of
the Agusuhin River is about 6.6 kilometers while the highest elevation is 800 masl. The
soil of the entire watershed is classified as mountain undifferentiated. In terms of slope,
the land along the shoreline of the watershed is gently sloping to undulating while the rest
of the land is moderate to steep slope. The area is predominantly grassland covered by
cogon making the watershed highly susceptible to severe erosion.
The Matain Watershed has an area of about 3,100 hectares. The length of the
watershed is approximately 15.52 kilometers. The headwater originates from Mount
Palakibok which is located in the northeast of the catchment. Its main flow path is
northeast-southwest direction. The river mouth is located in Barangay Matain. The builtup areas are found mostly along the coastal and river of Barangay Matain and Barangay
Sto. Tomas. The watershed has a level to gently sloping slope to undulating steep and
very steep slope. The Matain Watershed is mainly covered with grassland, patches of
trees and agricultural (mixed crops/rice field). In terms of soil types, four types are found
in the watershed. Antipolo clay covers the largest portion and is found in Barangay
Naugsol. It is followed by Quingua silt loam found in Barangay San Isidro, Subic and
Barangay Barreto, Olongapo Ciy. Hydrosol occupies areas along the shoreline of
Barangay Matain, Sto. Tomas, and Barretto.
The Calapacuan Watershed has an area of about 308 hectares. The length of the
river is about 3.5 kilometers. It is one of the smallest rivers situated on the eastern side of
Subic Bay. Majority of the portion of the catchment is located within the jurisdiction of
Barangay Calapacuan. The area is covered by brushland, mixed agricultural crops and
forest trees. Built-up areas are located along the coastal area. In terms of slope, the area is
gently sloping to undulating and moderately sloping. A large portion of the area is
covered by Quingua silt loam while Hydrosol occupies the shoreline of Barangay
Calapacuan. The flow path of the water is in northeast-southwest direction.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
26
The Cawag Watershed is bounded on the north by Mount Cayuag, mount Pink in
the northwest, and Mount Redondon and Mount Maybe on the south. It is located at the
northwest of Subic Bay. It covers a total area of about 4,200 hectares with a length of 13
kilometers. The highest elevation is 1,071 masl. In terms of land use, the river is
dominated by grassland, open canopy forest, agricultural (mixed crops), brushland and
mangrove forests. Cawag River is dominated by Antipolo clay and mountain soil
undifferentiated located in the upper stream of the watershed. A level to gently sloping
occupies both sides of the mainstream of Basilio River – a tributary of Cawag River and
the lower portion of Redondo Creek. Most of the area is the headwater are covered by
either rolling to steep slope.
Industry
Commerce and industrial activities play a vital role in the development and
progress of the town. Four (4) major industries exist and these are the UMICORE
Specialty Chemicals Subic, Inc., DLA Naturals Incorporated, Subic Shipyard &
Engineering, Inc. and Hanjin Philippines.
1. UMICORE Specialty Chemicals Subic, Inc.
Umicore Specialty Chemicals Subic, Inc. (formerly Pacific Rare Metal
Industries, Inc.) (or the company) was incorporated and registered with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on July 18, 1989 to engage in,
operate, conduct, maintain the business of manufacturing, importing,
exporting, buying, selling or otherwise dealing in, at wholesale such goods as
selenium powder, tellurium dioxide, tellurium metal and other chemical,
goods of industrial in nature, any and all equipments, materials, and supplies
employed in or related to the manufacturing of such finished products.
Starting April 2002, the Company limited its operation to tolling of cobalt and
nickel oxides and salts. The Company is equipped with Wastewater Treatment
Plant to abate water pollution prior to discharge in the receiving environment
and Air Pollution Control Devices to prevent air pollution.
The company is 78% owned by Umicore Holding Philippines, Inc. The
Company, with its principal place of business located at Subic Shipyard
Special Export Processing Zone,Malinta, Asinan Proper, Subic, Zambales, has
96 employees as of July 30, 2008.
The Company is equipped with a Waste Water Treatment Plant (WTP)
to abate water pollution prior in discharging its wastewater into its immediate
receiving water body. The Company is also equipped with Air Pollution
Control Devices (APCD) for the abatement of air pollution and to meet the air
quality standards for stationary sources of air pollution.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
27
2. DLA Naturals Incorporated
DLA Naturals Incorporated (formerly DLA Food Ingredients Inc.) was
granted an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) with Reference Code
No. 03ZA-9909-200020-170A for its bakery ingredients and fruit processing
plant on July 25, 2008 with a capacity of 650 Metric Tons per month. The
plant is located at 999 Cabangaan Point, Brgy. Cawag, Subic, Zambales with
an area of 13,172 square meters. The site is approximately 2.5 kilometers
away from the National Highway of Subic, Zambales going to Cabangaan
Point, Cawag, Subic, Zambales.
The present operation of the plant is to produce a wide range of fruit
ingredients for pastries, catering services, hotels, bakeshops, etc. with fruits
such as mango, apple, strawberry, pineapple, etc. and fruit concentrates as
major raw materials. This range consists of oven stable jams, injecting jams,
jellies, glazes, fruit filling, toppings, decorating jellies and chocolate
compound products to supply bakeries and pastry shops for crafts and
industrial segments.
The expansion of the plant included the manufacturing of natural
healthcare and cosmetic products such as creams and lotions, serum blends
and biotechnology such as spirulina edible micro algae tablet (food
supplement).
The environmental impacts during operation are the wastewater
discharges, solid wastes and air emission. However, to mitigate the said
impacts the plant has Wastewater Treatment Facilities.
3. Subic Shipyard & Engineering, Inc.
Subic Shipyard & Engineering, Inc., formerly Philippine Shipyard and
Engineering, Corporation was a joint venture between the Philippine
government and the Japanese government on a 60%-40% equity ratio. It is
located at Bo. Cawag, Subic, Zambales and occupies 52 hectares of land. The
yard has about 350 regular workforce and has about 30 active subcontractors
who can supply up to over a thousand workers, should the need arise.
The yard is equipped with world class facilities that can cater to varied
ship repair requirement such as hull and cargo blasting and painting jobs, steel
works, fabrication works, repair of engines and propeller and other specialized
services. It has a 340,000 DWT capacity graving dock, about 640 meters long
berthing facility, 3 jib cranes, a floating crane and a 2000 ton press.
The company caters to ocean going vessels such as bulk carriers,
container ships, tankers and other panamax and cape size vessels. When it
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
28
does blasting jobs, the waste products are the used copper grits. The Shipyard
has the equipment that will collect all the used grits and these are disposed of
at the municipal dumping site.
Sometimes, used oil is collected from the vessel. The used oil is stored
in special tanks and later, these are sold to the highest bidder for recycling.
Corroded steel parts are also collected at the scrap holding area and these are
sold to the highest bidder for recycling. Human waste and other liquid waste
are brought to the Waste Treatment Plant through the sewerage system for
treatment then discharge to the creek.
4. South Korean Hanjin Heavy Industries and Construction Co., Ltd.
South Korean Hanjin Heavy Industries and Construction Co., Ltd. is a
ship building company constructing and will operate a 1 billion US dollar
shipyard at the Subic Bay Freeport Zone. The shipyard, specifically located at
Subic, is said to be the world’s fourth largest shipbuilding facility. It signed a
230-hectare land lease agreement for a steel structure fabrication yard which
is expected to finish by 2016. The company opened a P40-million modern
training center and hopes to boost the skills of prospective workers in the
province. The training facility has three classrooms, 70 welding booths, one
pipelifting room, four painting rooms and a large working area that can
accommodate a maximum of 200 trainees and instructors.
Once operational, the shipyard will build liquefied natural gas (LNG)
carriers and very large container carriers (VLCC) for customers around the
world. The manpower requirement is initially 7,000 and will peak to 40
thousand direct and indirect work opportunities.
Strip commercial development is evident in the locality with the presence of
commercial establishments along the National Road and the major and secondary arterial
transportation network in the locality. The public market could be considered the
influencing factor in the concentration of commercial activities within its periphery.
Other commercial activities concentrate in the southern portion of the Municipality,
mainly due to the presence of the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA). The
service sector could be considered a growing sector with the canteens, bars, nightclubs
and other service establishments such as motor repair shops, barber shops, and beauty
parlors proliferating in the area.
Establishments inside and near the public market are mostly engaged in wholesale
and retail activities, establishment along the national highway, on the other hand, are
mostly service-oriented, while there are few establishment that engaged in banking and
finance activities. The four (4) banking institutions present in the locality are the
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
29
following: Progress Savings Bank, Bataan Savings and Loan Bank, Unity Bank and
Metro Bank.
As of June 2009, Subic has registered a total of 899 establishments. Of these, 756
establishments are presented in Table 24 where 524 are engaged in trading activities, 210
in services, and 22 in manufacturing.
Table 24. 2009 Business Establishments of Subic
Sector
No.
Type of Business
Manufacturing
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Autobody building
Boatworks
Food processors
Furnitures
GTH
Hollow blocks
Ironworks/steel fabrication
Repacking
Garment (micro)
Bamboo Craft
Total
Services
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Accounting Services
Banking
Beauty Parlor/Salon
Computer Rental
Dental Clinic
Driving Services
Electronic Shops
Fitness Center
Food Centers/Restaurant/Bars
Freight Services
Fun Centers
Crematory
Funeral Parlor
Memorial
Gas Station
Gen. Contractor
Gen. Services
Commercial Space Lessor
House Rentals
Insurance Agency
Jewelry Shop
Junk Shops
Lending Investor
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
Number of
Establishment
1
3
2
1
4
6
2
1
1
1
22
1
4
6
23
4
2
4
4
28
3
3
1
4
5
4
14
2
6
3
1
2
12
4
30
Sector
No.
Type of Business
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
Manpower Services
Marine Services
Marketing Services
Diagnostic Center
Medical Clinic
Pharmacy
Message Carrier
Motor Works/Repair Shop
Optical Clinic
Money Changer
Pawnshop
Photo Studio
Printing Press
Real State Lessor
Rice Mill
Security Services
Tailoring Shops
Graphic/Architectural Design
Telecom Services
Travel Agency
Tutorial Center
Video Center
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Gen. Merchandise/Variety Store
Scrap Vendor
Baking/Other food items
Hardware/Construction Supplies
Boutique/Gift Shops
Dry Goods
Fish Vendor
Jewelry Shop
Fishing Supplies
Meat Vendor
Drug Store
Spare Parts
Other
Total
Trading
Total
Grand Total
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
Number of
Establishment
2
4
1
2
4
8
1
6
2
3
4
2
2
17
1
2
7
2
4
1
1
4
210
403
8
6
15
9
13
7
8
3
23
8
2
19
524
363
31
LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR ICM
The Local Government Code (LGC) of 1991 or RA 7160
When the Local Government Code (LGC) of 1991 or RA 7160 was enacted, it
had a major impact on the system of governance in the Philippines. It represents the mode
of implementation of the constitutionally-enshrined principles of government
decentralization and democratization and creates a system of governance far more
complex but much more decentralized than any other prior system used in the
Philippines. Its influence on coastal management revolves around the key features of
political autonomy and decentralization, and resource generation and mobilization.
Decentralization and autonomy introduced drastic changes to the institutional set
up of ICRM implementation. The passage of the LGC caused a structural shift in power
that placed coastal local governments and cities at the forefront of sustainable resource
action plans typically originated from NGAs, with the support of scientific and academic
institutions that generated the technical information base for management strategies.
These programs were then transmitted down to LGU “clientele” who were tasked to
participate in the implementation strategies.
Under the LGC, the process has been reversed, given the devolution of primary
management responsibilities to the local government. The people’s direct participation in
the planning and implementation stages at the local level has also been reinforced, and
now constitutes the foundation of ICRM planning. Under this system, the NGAs, NGOs,
and scientific institutions become partners of the LGUs in refining their respective ICRM
plans by providing technical support in planning and implementation.
Decentralization and autonomy also afford the LGU flexibility in resource
management and place them at the forefront where environmentally critical national
projects are proposed. The mandate for consultations under Sec. 26 and 27 of the LGC
provides the mechanism to articulate and address LGU concerns.
The Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998 or RA 8550
The Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998 or RA 8550 is a compendium of existing
fishery laws. Several provisions contain policies which are quite new and innovative,
while others reiterate or improve old ones. Notable among the “new” concepts espoused
by the Fisheries Code are: a) limitation of access using scientifically determined
procedures; b) integrated management consistent with inter-LGU cooperation as
articulated in the LGC; and c) enhanced and institutionalized participation by the
community through the various levels of FARMCs. The Fisheries Code has largely
clarified issues pertaining to the extent of jurisdiction of LGUs in municipal waters and
the operation of commercial fishing vessels therein.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
32
In the municipality of Subic, one of the impacts of RA 8550 is the creation of
MFARMCs. By virtue of RA 8550, Section 73 which states that “The Municipal/City and
Aquatic Resources Management Councils (M/CFARMCs) shall be created in each
municipality/city abutting municipal waters.”, the municipality have established its
MFARMC.
National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act (RA 7586)
RA 7586, an Act providing for the Establishment and Management of National
Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS), was enacted by Congress in 1992 to respond
to the professional impact of human activities on all components of the natural
environment, particularly the effect of increasing population, resource exploitation and
maintaining the natural biological and physical diversities of the environment (Sec 2).
The NIPAS is a national system of classification and administration of all designated
protected areas to maintain essential ecological process and life support system to serve
genetic diversity, ensure the sustainable use of resources found therein and maintain their
natural conditions to the greatest extent possible (Sec 4).
Briefly stated, the NIPAS Act allows the government to identify and segregate
defined areas of land and/or water and classify them as protected areas for various
purposes. All national parks, wildlife reserves and sanctuaries existing prior to 1992 are
automatically incorporated into NIPAS. A special management body called the Protected
Area management Board (PAMB) is then constituted, comprised of representatives of the
National government, local government concerned and the private sector or affected
communities which is tasked with the formulation of management plans to ensure the
conservation and sustainable management plans to ensure the conservation and
sustainable management of protected area. Although, the area is provisionally designated
as a protected area though a presidential proclamation, once all protected area through a
presidential proclamation, once all protected areas have been identified, they are to be
submitted to Congress which will thereafter pass a law, which permanently incorporates
all such areas.
Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA) or RA 8345
RA 8435, or the Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA) was also
enacted in 1998 and attempts to provide overall framework for the industrialization of
agriculture in the country, which includes fisheries. Aside from providing various
incentives and many programs for developing agricultural production, the AFMA has
implications on management of coastal resources in so far as it deals with the fishery
production.
A key concept in AFMA is the zone-based development of special areas set aside
for agriculture and agro-industrial development called Strategic Agricultural and
Fisheries Development Zones (SAFDZs). Within these zones, government resources and
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
33
development projects are to be concentrated with the hope that benefits will spill over to
the adjacent areas and eventually spur economic growth. The boundaries of these zones
do not necessarily have to coincide with the existing political or administrative
boundaries, but will be based on production (e.g., crops, livestock, fish), and shall have
their own concerned department offices, LGUs, NGOs and Pos. These plans must be
consistent and incorporated in land use and zoning ordinances developed by cities and
municipalities.
Executive Order 533
Executive Order 533 was signed on June 6, 2006 by Pres. Gloria Macapagal
Arroyo is in relation to “ Adopting Integrated Coastal Management as a National Strategy
to Ensure the Sustainable Development of the County’s Coastal and Marine
Environment and resources and Establishing Supporting Mechanisms for its
Implementation”.
Integrated Coastal Management and related approaches, such as coastal resource
management or coastal zone management, is the national management policy framework
to promote the sustainable development of the country’s coastal and marine environment
and resources in order to achieve food security, sustainable livelihood, poverty alleviation
and reduction of vulnerability to natural hazards, while preserving ecological integrity
(Sec 1). ICM is implemented in all coastal and marine areas, addressing the inter-linkages
among associated watersheds, estuaries and wetlands, and coastal seas, by all relevant
national and local agencies (Sec 2).
Integrated coastal management is recognized as an effective approach to
sustainable coastal and marine development with demonstrated benefits in enhancing
economic growth, ecosystem protection; promotion of social equity and the quality of life
of the people.
International Agreements
The Philippine Government supports global efforts to protect the environment by
being a state party to several international treaties, as well as global programs of actions
on various aspects of the environment. Some of these treaties have significant
implications to resource management programs at the national and local level. For
example, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) brings the
Philippines within the international regime recognized by the community of nations on
the proper management of the oceans. It also commits the Philippines to cooperate in
international efforts to protect and preserve the marine environment, which opens up the
possibility of international cooperative projects for marine resources management, ocean
technology transfer and information exchange in matters of common interest.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
34
One treaty which is significant to CRM, as it may involve the cooperation of local
government authorities is CITES. CITES is a treaty between 151 states which have
agreed to control or prohibit the international trade of over 40,000 species of animals and
plants, including any products made from them, depending, on the extent of the treat to
their survival as a species. The parties to the treaty of life apply a system of permits and
certificates, which are issued when certain conditions are met which have to be presented
when consignment of specimens of species listed under the agreement leave or enter
country. Since the sources of these flora and fauna are directly within their jurisdictions,
local governments are required to prevent the collection, trafficking of, and trade in the
species listed under CITES. With respect to the marine environment, this includes twenty
one (21) species of marine mammals (whales, dolphins, dugong and porpoise); three (3)
species of Reptilla (seawater snakes); two (2) species of Arowana and one (1) species of
giant catfish; seven (7) species of shelled mollusks (Tridacna spp. and Hippopus spp.);
and at least twenty six (26) species of corals.
CITES is currently being implemented in the country through the DENR and
BFAR. Marine mollusks which are protected under CITES, for example, cannot be
gathered under Fisheries Administrative Order (FAO) Nos. 158,168, and 168-2. All
corals, on the other hand, are protected under the FAO 202, s2000. The capture, sale,
possession, transport, and purchase of dolphins are banned under FAO 185, s1992. The
capture, sale, purchase, possession, transport, and export of whale sharks and manta rays
are prohibited under FAO 193, s1998.
The Food and Agriculture Organization Code contains general guidelines for the
use and management of six areas of aquatic resources management, including fisheries
management; fisheries operation; aquaculture development; integration of fisheries into
costal area management; post harvest practices and trade; and fisheries research.
Municipal Ordinances
Currently, there are several existing resolutions and ordinances that the
Municipality of Subic passed in order to protect and conserve its coastal resources. A
total of four (4) ordinances were enacted and these pertained to solid waste management,
illegal fishing, establishment of marine sanctuary and fishery regulatory in Table 25.
Table 25. Ordinances of Subic, Zambales Related to ICRM
No.
Year
Ordinance
1
1999
2
1998
Municipal Ordinance No.
99-03
Regulatory Ordinance
No. 98-02
Title/Description
Comprehensive Solid Waste Management
Ordinance for the Municipality of Subic
Declaring the areas of Binictican pt. (Northeast)
to Sampaloc pt. (Northwest) as Subic Marine
Sanctuary and Reservation Area
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
35
No.
Year
Ordinance
Title/Description
3
1996
Implementing the Fishery Regulatory Ordinance
4
1989
Regulatory Ordinance
No. 2, Series of 1996
Ordinance No. 89 – 05
Regulating Fishing and/or Fisheries
Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Ordinance for the Municipality of
Subic
The Municipal Government passed Municipal Ordinance No. 99-03
known as the “Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Ordinance for the
Municipality of Subic.” The goal of the ordinance is to enhance the ecological
balance of the community through a sustainable and integrated waste
management. This ordinance was enacted to:




Guide, control and regulate the generation, storage, collection, transportation
and disposal of solid wastes and promote an orderly and sanitary system
within the locality;
Enhance the total environmental quality of the municipality through the
necessary control and mitigation of negative environmental impacts of solid
waste.
Promote and protect the health, safety, peace and convenience and general
welfare of the inhabitants of the municipality.
Minimize generation of solid waste and maximize possible resource recovery/
recycling and utilization.
MFARMC
By virtue of section 69 of RA 8550 or the Philippine Fisheries Code of
1998, which states that “Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Council
(FARMC) shall be established in the National Level and in all
municipalities/cities abutting municipal waters as defined by this Code, thus the
municipal FARMC or MFARMC of Subic was created. Its functions were
adopted from RA 8550 and included in the management structure of this ICRM
plan.
The following are the officers and members of the Municipal Fisheries
and Aquatic Resources Management Council of the Municipality of Subic,
Zambales:
Chairman
Laureano DS. Artagame
Vice-Chairman
Armando M. Dillar
Secretary
Reynaldo O. Miranda
Treasurer
Ronaldo P. Reyes
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
36
Auditor
Teresita E. Timog
The regular members of the MFARMCs composed of:
a. Municipal/City Planning Development Officer;
b. Chairperson, Agriculture/Fishery Committee of the Sangguniang
Bayan;
c. Representative of the Municipal Development Council;
d. Representative from the accredited non-government organization
e. Representative from the private sector
f. Representative from the Department of Agriculture
g. The Philippine Coast Guard Station in Subic
h. The Philippine National Police of Subic
i. The Philippine Maritime Police
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
37
STRATEGIC PLAN
The coastal resources of Subic, both in the marine environment and the uplands
that ultimately have various downstream impacts on the integrity and soundness of the
nearshore coastal areas, include some of the most diverse and economically important
assets of the Municipality. Data from PCRA and assessments reveal that many of the
remaining coastal resources have been degraded and the stability of goods and services
provided by an otherwise healthy coastal environment is threatening coastal livelihoods
and rural income generation. The exigency of implementing the ICRM Plan of Subic is
clearly manifested in the continuing environmental degradation being experienced in the
area and the serious declines in forest cover, increasing sedimentation and siltation,
spoilage of water quality in both freshwater, estuarine and coastal environs, loss of fragile
habitats and biodiversity, declining fisheries production and increasing pollution. Thus,
the strategic interventions presented in this ICRM plan are recognized as essential
interventions to restore and maintain coastal ecosystem integrity. Through this strategic
initiative, the rehabilitation and sustained management of critical natural resources and
the maintenance of sound environmental quality in San Antonio becomes an essential
component and certainly an indispensable strategy in the overall effort to achieve
sustainable and equitable economic growth, food security and stable livelihoods in the
Municipality. In the broader coastal area, ecological and economic sustainability of
upland and coastal environs are particularly important for improving rural productivity
and drawing investments that may significantly improve rural per capita income.
Vision and Mission
The ICRM Plan of Subic is guided by the following vision-mission statements:
Vision
“A progressive, environmentally-balanced and industrialized
sustainably managed by committed, healthy and God-fearing stakeholders.”
city
Mission
“To implement a well-managed development program leading to
sustainable use of resources that could encourage investors through the collective
actions of the stakeholders.”
Issues, Goals and Objectives
ICRM issues prioritized in this ICRM plan have been drawn from extensive
consultations with stakeholders and key sectors in the coastal zone. The issues that
contribute to the degradation and deterioration of San Antonio’s coastal resources are
sometimes complex and intrinsically associated to various issues that are inter-linked and
need to be viewed from a holistic, multi-sectoral perspective. Economic difficulty in the
coastal areas due to the absence of supplemental sources of income in the face of
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
38
declining yields from coastal waters is a fundamental problem. Resource degradation, on
the other hand, brought about by illegal, destructive and unsustainable resource use
practices both within the marine environment and the terrestrial confines of the coastal
zone, are exacerbated by inadequate monitoring and enforcement systems and the
weakness of institutional, logistical and technical capabilities to mitigate negative
impacts of development and population growth, and restore and protect damaged
ecosystems. The priority issues are:
1. Conversion of terrains, coastal and agricultural areas into commercial and
subdivision projects and development causes siltation which affects the natural
fish habitat and displacement of fisher folks.
2. Improper waste disposal from the household, industries and commercial and
fishing vessels contributes to pollution and threatens tourism and fishery industry.
3. Weak implementation of law and lack of technical know-how and logistical
support of enforcement bodies result to rampant/persistent mangrove
deforestation and illegal fishing practices.
4. Lack of capacitation, financial support and absence of alternative livelihood
coupled with increasing number of out of school youth and higher population
contributes to higher underemployment/ unemployment rate in the municipality.
5. Lack of public awareness and capacitation on environmental issues coupled with
lesser penalties for violators enhances illegal logging and overfishing.
6. Poor drainage system and lack of flood control facilities causes flooding and
damages properties, livelihood and coastal resources.
7. Absence of concrete roads from the fishing community to market lessens quality
of fish and fishery products resulting to low selling value.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
39
Issue 1:
Conversion of terrains, coastal and agricultural areas into commercial and
subdivision projects and development causes siltation which affects the
natural fish habitat and displacement of fisher folks.
Subic experienced conversion of agricultural lands to urban uses. Indiscriminate
and uncontrolled land use conversion could eventually lead to reduction of agricultural
productivity.
Coastal natural resources include among others (1) beach sand and coastal
minerals (2) estuarine areas and mangrove swamps (3) fish and shellfish resources (4)
coral reefs and (5) scenic pristine landscapes. Threats to these natural resources include
(1) lack or improper land use planning (2) overfishing or over-harvesting of marine
products (3) use of illegal fishing practices (4) inputs of solid and liquid wastes (5) oil
spills (6) sand and gravel extraction (7) mangrove destruction (8) coral reef degradation.
Needless to say, the Subic coastal zones are exposed to these threats in varying degrees.
Most notable is the destruction and clearing of mangrove swampland for aquaculture
purposes and human settlements and the mushrooming of informal settlers along the
margins of the coastal zones. Most of the Subic coastlines are already bordered by resorts
which continue to pose threats to the coastal natural resources and vulnerable ecosystems.
Fisherfolks have to go farther away from the shore and have to invest more fuel
and effort just to catch enough fish to sustain their families.
Table 26. Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 1
Goal
A living environment where
progress and the natural order
of environment is in harmony.
Performance Measure
Percent (%) decrease in
issuance of land conversion
permits.
Targets
10% decrease in issuance
of land conversion
permits
Objective
To create and implement a
standard land resource
management system that is in
accordance with environment
conservation.
Performance Measure
• Standard land resource
management system
through an Ordinance.
• Compliance of
stakeholders.
Targets
• One Ordinance created
and enacted by Year
2011
• Accommodate all
perspective applicants.
Strategies
Program Directions
Related Agency
1. Create awareness on the
negative impacts of
conversion of terrains,
coastal and agricultural area;
• Conduct orientation on
responsible parenting,
impact of improper land
resource mgt. through
minimizing of migrants
from rural to urban
areas.
LGU
DepEd
DENR
DOH
SFC
POPCOM
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
40
2. Prepare and enact a standard
land resource mgt. system
3. Encourage families to avail
of government housing
projects.
Issue 2:
• Preparation of a standard
land resource mgt.
system through a
meeting.
• Public hearing of the
Ordinance.
• Passage and IEC
campaign.
• Conduct of a free
government housing
project orientation and
consultation.
Improper waste disposal from the household, industries and commercial and
fishing vessels contributes to pollution and threatens tourism and fishery
industry.
The problem of waste management has become a worldwide phenomenon. Solid
waste is dumped on an open area, which pollutes natural waterways. Most of the Subic
coastlines are already bordered by resorts.
Experiences show that if left unabated, waste does not only cause major health
problems but environmental degradation as well. Waste thrown into the river and seas
like human rubbish which are mainly plastics; ship discharges and oil slicks are the
leading causes of marine and water pollution. Said waste which end up in the ocean also
presents danger to wildlife and fisheries. The town being recognized as a tourist
destination with the presence of its beautiful beaches is likewise threatened. Waste
disposal has indeed become a serious problem.
Table 27. Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 2
Goal
Performance Measure
A clean community with
Percent (%) decrease in volume
proper waste disposal program. of waste generated.
Targets
25% decrease by
year 2012.
Objective
To adopt and implement a
solid waste management
program in accordance with
the municipal ordinance
Targets
One project
implemented by
2012.
Performance Measure
Number of solid waste mgt
project adopted and
implemented.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
41
Strategies
• Preparation of waste
management projects.
• Develop and establish a
livelihood recycling
program.
• Create a task
force/monitoring group to
strictly implement the
waste management
program.
• Construct/improve a
municipal sewerage
system.
Issue 3:
Program Directions
The solid waste management
program includes:
• waste segregation or 3R
(reduce, reuse, recycle)
• active linkage of local junk
shop to barangay residents
• advocacy drive by local
partner educational
institutions.
Related Agency
LGU
-DENR
-DOTC
-DOST
-TLRC
Weak implementation of law and lack of technical know-how and logistical
support of enforcement bodies result to rampant/persistent mangrove
deforestation and illegal fishing practices.
Illegal fishing is an enormous problem. It occurs virtually in every coastal
community. Illegal fishers include those from within the municipality and those who
come from adjacent and distant municipalities and even countries whose entry may be
authorized but uses destructive fishing methods. The destructive methods include
dynamite and cyanide/compressor fishing and use of bottom trawls, drifts and fine mesh
nets. The use of such methods undermines management efforts to conserve marine
species and ecosystem as they catch and/or kill even the smallest size of fishes and
creates disturbance/destruction to other marine life. It’s only relatively recently that
government regulations and stricter management oversight have begun to be consistently
implemented for fisheries.
At present, Subic Bay’s natural capacity is already threatened. The quality of
catch and the average income of fishers in the bay are declining. Several fish species are
already endangered or believed gone due to over fishing and pollution. Enforcement of
fishery laws is not implemented.
Table 28. Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 3
Goal
Performance Measure
Effective and efficient
Number of law enforcers
enforcement of laws which
trained.
employ action that support
sustainable use of resource base on
precautionary approach
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
Targets
Increase the technical
capabilities of law
enforcers by 100% in
2010 to 2013
42
Objective
• Strengthen the capacity of
coastal watch network (Bantay
Dagat)
• Rehabilitate/reforest degraded
mangrove.
Performance Measure
• Number of capable
coastal watch
network
Targets
• 100% of coastal
watch network
•
•
Strategies
1. Conduct training.
2. Secure logistic support patrol
equipment.
3. Linkages organized multi-task
force.
4. Conduct information technology
campaign.
5. Strengthen/capacitate Bantay
Dagat regarding law
enforcement and filling of cases.
6. Educating and involving
communities in coastal resource
management to sustain coastal
resources and habitat.
7. Conduct reforestation program.
8. Seek funds for incentives for
Bantay Dagat volunteers.
Program Directions
• Para Legal training
• Fish Examiner
Training
• Fish certificate
training
• Prepare & submit
proposal.
• Mangrove tree
planting.
• Provision of
incentives to Bantay
Dagat volunteers.
Issue 4:
Area (ha) mangrove
reforested/
rehabilitated.
Two hectares by
year 2012
Related Agency
BFAR
DOH
DENR
LGU
PNP
Coastguard
Maritime
Human Rights
Lack of capacitation, financial support and absence of alternative livelihood
coupled with increasing number of out of school youth and higher population
contributes to higher underemployment/ unemployment rate in the
municipality.
Education plays a significant role in developing the mind, character, and physical
ability of an individual. It is a learning process that increases people’s knowledge and
awareness while developing the necessary skills and expertise to address the challenges
to make informal decisions. This makes education very necessary for a person to provide
a good quality life for his family. However, rapid population growth and poverty have put
additional pressure subsequently resulting in increasing number of out-of-school youths
and higher underemployment/unemployment rate. The most significant challenge
therefore, is to educate and capacitate the people by providing trainings so that gains
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
43
from environmental management reversed by the increasing pressure of higher
population and poverty.
Though Subic is a literate municipality, it’s not enough to be able to reach the
qualifications of most in-demand jobs. With its growing population, more people needed
jobs and only few can sure find one. Non-existence of livelihood programs greatly
affects those who have not gained enough education or training, out-of-school youth, and
families belonging to below poverty line.
Table 29. Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 4
Goal
Sustainable livelihood
opportunities for the less
privileged fisher folks who are
capacitated
Performance Measure
Number of family that
will be benefited and
capacitated.
Objective
Create comprehensive long term
and short term fisherfolks for
alternative livelihood.
Performance Measure
Targets
Number of families given At least 30 families will
alternative livelihood.
composed/pioneer the
proposed livelihood
project.
Strategies
1. Organize a multi-sectoral
organization that will manage
and maintain a sustainable
livelihood project.
2. Capacitate the organization on
several training seminars and
workshop.
Program Directions
• Conduct series of
orientation community
meeting
• Organize core group
• Recruitment of
members
• Creation of formal org
• Training needs
assessment
• Lining up of
prioritization for
trainings
• Capacitate the
organization in its
members to series of
trainings
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
Targets
50% of families have
been capacitated and
involved in several
livelihood opportunities.
Related Agency
MLGU
BLGU
TESDA
DA
BFAR
DENR
NGOs
44
Issue 5:
Lack of public awareness and capacitation on environmental issues coupled
with lesser penalties for violators enhances illegal logging and overfishing.
Environmental awareness and training in the largest sense is the process of
encouraging and enhancing people’s participation in activities aimed at conservation,
protection and management of the environment essential for achieving sustainable
development. It utilizes traditional and modern media methods of communication to
educate and impart knowledge about the immediate environment, ecosystem and their
interdependence; instilling in them the spirit of scientific inquiry into environmental
problems and involving them in the efforts of environmental preservation. Despite great
efforts to spread environmental awareness, a large population especially in the rural areas
is still left out. These hinder people in making informed decisions and takes responsible
action to ensure manpower development and stricter management oversight in the
protection and conservation of the environment.
Unregulated logging activities and the encroachment or occupancy of the forest
zone occurs. Flash floods, pollution and siltation of the municipality's natural drainage
system also take place. Coastal barangays have, through the years, experienced the
destruction of their mangroves and aquatic ecosystems. In many areas in the urban
barangays of the municipality’s coastal capital the ecological and recreational values has
diminished.
Table 30. Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 5
Goal
A well-informed and
vigilant community on
environmental issues with
a strengthened law
enforcement team.
Objective
1. Massive IEC on
stakeholders regarding
environment protection/
conservation.
2. Provision of adequate
monitoring equipment to
existing enforcers.
Performance Measure
• Percentage of families
directly involve in upland
and coastal activities.
• Number of enforcement
equipments
procured/provided.
Performance Measure
• Number of families educated
or oriented on environmental
issues.
• Number of equipment
augmented to the existing
law enforcers’ equipment.
Strategies
Program Directions
1. Identification of target
• Conduct communication
audience for IEC.
planning workshop
2. Program of action for the
regarding IEC
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
Targets
• 100% of all
families have been
educated/informed
re: environmental
protection.
Targets
• At least 50 families
have been educated
from upland &
coastal (Year 1)
• Basic equipments
for enforcement
officers provided.
Related Agency
• LGU
• DepEd
• DENR
45
conduct of series of IEC
activities.
3. Determine the existing
equipment of the law
enforcers.
4. Formulate proposal to
address the inadequacy
of equipment.
5. Formulate and enact an
Ordinance on penalty
system to include filing
of multiple charges to
increase penalty.
6. Deputize local barangay
officials as Bantay Gubat
Issue 6:
• Production and distribution
of IEC materials
• Conduct of inventory of law
enforcers equipment.
• Drafting of proposal with
budgetary requirements.
• Endorse to SB for provision
of funds.
• Look for alternative sources
of funds for provision.
• Stakeholders
• PNP
Poor drainage system and lack of flood control facilities causes flooding and
damages properties, livelihood and coastal resources.
Flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land. It occurs when
water accumulates across an impermeable surface and cannot rapidly dissipate. Flood can
also occur in rivers when flow exceeds the capacity of the river channels, particularly at
bends or meanders.
Flooding is a critical problem in Subic. It’s a perennial problem that only
worsens yearly especially during the rainy season. While flooding is not unique to Subic,
it is the root cause of other related problems such as, among others, reduced productivity,
idle lands, destruction of property, and degradation of coastal resources.
Rivers and areas prone to floods are often carefully managed. Defenses such as
barrier islands, sea wall, and sand bags are often used to prevent rivers from bursting
their banks. The use of sewerage and drainage systems are cost effective solutions with
low environmental impact are common in development sites.
Table 31. Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 6
Goal
A well maintained and
operational drainage
system and flood control
facility.
Performance Measure
• Percent (%) of damaged
livelihood, properties and
coastal resources
• Percent (%) level of water
flooding the area
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
Targets
• At least 50% will be
reduced by Year 2011
• At least 80% of flood
height will subside by
2012
46
Objective
1. To rehabilitate existing
drainage/waterways.
Performance Measure
• Number of barangay with
improper drainage system
2. To install flood control
facilities along
identified flood prone
areas
• Number of flood control
facilities installed on flood
prone areas.
Strategies
1. Massive dredging and
cleaning of clogged
culverts, covered
canals and rivers
draining towards the
sea.
2. Identification of flood
prone areas.
3. Propose to enact a
barangay ordinance
regarding drainage
system
4. IEC re: improper
dumping
5. Survey/ocular
inspection/
determination of flood
source
6. Drafting of Municipal
Ordinance regarding
flood control facility
(FCF) installation
7. Lobbying on SB
regarding FCF with
supporting Brgy.
Ordinance and
signature campaigns
Program Directions
1. Multi-sectoral clean up of
canals and culverts
2. Replacement of damaged
waterways
3. Public
hearings/consultations
4. House to house meeting &
production and distribution
of campaign materials
5. Request for Brgy. Council
Composite team who will
conduct ocular inspection
6. Submission of Brgy
Resolution to SB
7. Conduct of constant
lobbying to SB
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
Targets
• At least 8 barangays
with poor drainage be
addressed by 2011
• One for 2010
Related Agency
MLGU
BLGU
MFARMC
BFARMC
Coastguard/Maritime
PNP
Academe/DepEd
DENR
DA-BFAR
47
Issue 7:
Absence of concrete roads from the fishing community to market lessens
quality of fish and fishery products resulting to low selling value.
Road is an identifiable thoroughfare, route, way or path between two places which
may or may not be available for public use. It is also a life of communication and
transportation. Farm to market roads classified as agricultural infrastructure projects are
expensive but extremely necessary for better production and improved income for
farmers and fishers. It also lowers the transportation cost, cut the travel time and made it
possible to transport especially during the rainy season. With better roads, the quality of
produce can be preserved and void bruises or mishandling during transportation that can
command premium price for it.
Table 32. Goals, Objectives and Strategic Prepared to Address Issue No. 7
Goal
Good and passable farm
to market roads that will
benefit the fishing
community.
Performance Measure
Targets
• Length in kilometres of good • 20 kilometers farm to
and passable farm to market
market road by year
road
2012
Objective
Performance Measure
• To construct concrete
• Number of families from
roads from Sitio
Sitio Kinabuksan to MatangKinabuksan to Matangib, Cawag who will benefit
ib, Cawag.
• To construct concrete
road from fish port to
Subic Market
Targets
• 400-500 families
Strategies
Make a proposal through
a Brgy. Resolution for the
construction of market
road.
Related Agency
DENR
SBMA
LGU
DPWH
Program Directions
• Draft a Resolution.
• Lobbying/Session at SB
• Committee Hearing with the
Committee Chairman
• Lobbying to the SB
• Approval/Certification
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
48
MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE
The implementation of integrated coastal resource management in Subic directly
compliments local and regional efforts in upland and marine resource protection and
conservation. Suffice it to say, this ICRM program shall be integrated into the overall
development framework of Subic and the issue of sustainable funding becomes an
integral concern of local governance. The development of sustainable funding
mechanisms is an essential ingredient of coastal management, fed directly by the viability
of goods and services generated from a healthy coastal resource base. Moreover, CRM
should be incorporated into a broader program of enabling food security and intergenerational equity in resource availability. Understandably, such a broad thrust needs to
be considered with continuing support from the national government agencies and
possibly with donor-funding initiatives. The efficient implementation of the ICRM Plan
however is contingent with the collective action and synergy of various local offices and
partner agencies that are tasked to lead implementation of various projects. Competent
institutional structures and roles, as well as resilient and informed communities make up
an effective governance system. Building up a strong institutional base for ICRM within
the LGU system and the communities would enable effective and responsive policy
reforms, rationalize plans for effective elimination of destructive and non-sustainable
resource use practices, reduce negative consequences of economic development, enhance
community awareness and empower local multi-sectoral initiatives for resources
conservation, protection and wise use practices.
Organizational Structure
To effectively implement this ICRMP plan of the municipality, an organizational
structure as shown in Figure 7 shall be adopted.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
49
MAYOR
Figure ___. Organizational chart of the Municipality of Palauig.
ICRMP
Focal Person
NGO
POs
MFARMC
ENROZ
SB/ Committee on
Environment &
Fisheries
DENR
BFAR
CENRO
MGB
MAO
TOURISM
MPDO
MEO
RHU
MSWD
Figure 7. Organizational chart of the Municipality of Subic
Roles and Mandates of Key Organizations
This plan shall be implemented primarily by the local government unit in
coordination with the concerned agencies, national government line agencies, nongovernment organizations and other stakeholders. This chapter defines the roles and
functions of the different agencies and entities involved in the implementation of the
plan. The following are the relevant offices involved in this plan:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Office of the Mayor
Office of the Sangguniang Bayan
ICRMP Focal Persons and MTWG
DENR
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
50
5. DA-BFAR
6. MPDO
7. MAO
8. MFARMC
9. Bantay Dagat
10. ENROZ
11. MGB
12. Tourism Office
13. MEO
14. RHU
15. MSWDO
16. NGO
1. Office of the Mayor
The Office of the Mayor shall act the following responsibilities:
1. Designate Focal Person and staff to implement the ICRM plans;
2. Directly responsible for selection, design and implementation of
infrastructure support and facilities; and
3. Designate the municipal engineering office as the municipal project
unit for infrastructure development and the Municipal Agriculture
Office, Municipal Planning Development Office as the project unit
activities related to resource management and biodiversity
conservation in coordination with relevant organizations in the
municipality.
2. Office of the Sangguniang Bayan
The Sangguniang Bayan particularly the Committee on Environment and
Agriculture shall:
1. Enact the ordinances in relation to ICRM plan/programs and issue
regulation not contrary to law, as maybe necessary to carry into effect
and discharge the responsibilities conferred upon it by law, and such
shall be necessary and proper to provide for the health, safety, comfort
and convenience, maintain peace and order, improve public words and
promote the prosperity and general welfare of the municipality and its
inhabitants. The Sangguniang Bayan may prescribe reasonable limits
restraints on the use of the property and for violation of ordinances and
provide for the imposition of fine.;
2. Provide for the establishments and maintenance of marine sanctuaries;
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
51
3. Upon the majority vote of all members, authorize the municipal mayor
to negotiate and contract loans and other forms of indebtedness subject
to existing laws and regulations;
4. Grant loans or aids to other LGUs subject to existing rules and
regulations;
5. Upon recommendation of the Municipal Mayor, appropriate money for
purposes not specified by law that will promote the general welfare
through ICRM planning of the municipality and its inhabitants.
3. ICRMP Focal Persons and Municipal Technical Working Group
The Integrated Coastal Resources Management Project (ICRMP) Focal
Persons along with the Municipal Technical Working Group (MTWG), as
designated and approved by the Mayor, shall:
1.) Spearhead and coordinate with the coastal barangays and people
concerned the implementation of the ICRM plans and programs; and
2.) Recommend to the Sangguniang Bayan and advise the mayor on all
matters related to fisheries which will improve the livelihood and
living conditions of the fisherfolks.
4. Department of Environment and Natural Resources
The DENR through its various hierarchies such as CENRO, PENRO and
Regional Office shall:
1. Principally responsible for the overall implementation, coordination
and management of the project including the establishment of the
necessary and appropriate project coordinating and implementation
mechanisms;
2. Enhance/build human resource capacity of the LGUs (eg. Training,
cross visitation, on job training etc.) to accept the project and
undertake ICRM planning;
3. Approve and consolidate project proposals and work and financial
plans submitted by the municipalities through the DENR regional
offices;
4. Cause the LGUs to conduct an initial environmental examination
(IEE) for the proposed sub-projects with significant adverse
environmental impacts and an environmental impact assessment (EIA)
for each proposed sub-project; and
5. Provide LGUs with equipment and other support services as maybe
agreed upon with the LGUs.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
52
5. Department of Agriculture - Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources
The Department of Agriculture – Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic
Resources (DA-BFAR) shall:
1. Spearhead and coordinate with LGUs in the implementation of the
projects livelihood component;
2. Coordinate and assist DENR-ICRM Center in the conduct of Coastal
Resource Assessment;
3. Assist
and
provide
technical
assistance
in
the
formulation/strengthening of Peoples Organizations (POs) including
capacity building;
4. Coordinate with and assist DENR in the identification of potential area
and assessment of existing Marine Protected Areas (MPAs);
5. Facilitate information, deputation and provide capacity building of
Bantay-Dagat members (Enforcement Officers);
6. Facilitate in the establishment of aquatic and ecotourism-based
demonstration and training enterprises; and
7. Identify and facilitate approval of potential investment packages for
private sector participation.
6. Municipal Planning Development Office
The Municipal Planning Development Office (MPDO) shall:
1. Coordinate the formulation and regular review of ICRM plan for
approval of the mayor and Sangguniang Bayan.
2. Conduct surveys in support to ICRM program socio-economic
condition and development potentials of the municipality and using the
data obtained and the results of the studies to prepare a town plan for
the update of the ICRM plan.
3. Assist in and facilitates the implementation of ICRM plan and program
in the municipality
4. Maintain contact with agencies, universities and other institutions or
entities engaged in ICRM planning.
7. Municipal Agriculture Office
The Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO) shall:
1. Assist the mayor in the establishment and extension services of
demonstration farms or agriculture and marine products;
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
53
2. Assist the MFARMC and Bantay Dagat in the on-field implementation
of various CRM programs; and
3. Recommend to the Sangguniang Bayan and advise the mayor on all
matters related to agriculture and fisheries which will improve the
livelihood and living conditions of the inhabitants.
8. Municipal Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Management Council
The Municipal Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Council (MFARMC)
shall:
1. Assist in the preparation of the Municipal Fishery Development Plan
and submit such plan to the Municipal Development Council;
2. Recommend the enactment of municipal fishery ordinances to the
Sangguniang Bayan through its Committee on Fisheries;
3. Assist in the enforcement of fishery laws, rules and regulations in
municipal waters;
4. Advise the Sangguniang Bayan on fishery matters through its
Committee on Fisheries if such has been organized; and
5. Perform such other functions which may be assigned by the
Sangguniang Bayan;
9. Bantay Dagat
The Bantay Dagat shall:
1. Enforce all existing fishery laws, Rules and regulations within the area
of their jurisdiction;
2. Apprehend even without warrant persons who are found violating the
laws;
3. Bring the arrested person including his fishing paraphernalias and
confiscated fish to the proper authority for interview and filing of
cases when necessary;
4. Perform non-stop campaign against illegal fishing in coordination with
concerned agencies;
5. Submit monthly report;
6. Act as witness against offenders in court; and
7. Assist in the proper disposition of confiscated fishes to charitable
institutions, national and local penitentiary.
10. Environment and Natural Resources Office of Zambales
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
54
In coordination with the Municipal Planning and Development Office, the
Environment and Natural Resources Office of Zambales or ENROZ shall:
1. Ensure that the small scale mining activities shall not directly nor
indirectly affect the watersheds and protection forests of the
municipality based on the zonation plan of the municipality; and
2. Assist LGUs through technical assistance as the environment arm of
the Provincial Government taking the lead in the implementation of
devolved environmental functions and programs as mandated by the
Local Government Code of 1991 otherwise known as RA 7160.
11. Mines and Geosciences Bureau
The Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) shall:
1. Be responsible for the enforcement and monitoring of compliance with
the environmental and safety provisions of Republic Act No. 7942 and
its Implementing Rules and Regulations pertaining, but not limited, to
the Environmental Work Program, Annual Environmental Protection
Enhancement Program, Mine Decommissioning Plan, Mine Waste and
Safety and Health Program and ICRM Program.
12. Tourism Office
The Tourism Office of the Municipality of Subic shall:
1. Endeavor to implement an ecotourism program that will promote and
develop ecotourism sites taking into consideration both the economic
benefit and conservation of these natural resources.
13. Municipal Engineering Office
The Municipal Engineering Office (MEO) shall:
1. Provide engineering services including investigation and survey,
engineering designs, feasibility studies and project management on
ICRM plans; and
2. Advise the local chief executive on ICRM plans in relation to
infrastructure, public works and other engineering matters.
14. Rural Health Unit
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
55
The Rural Health Unit (RHU) composed of the Rural Health Officer and
Sanitary Inspector, shall:
1. Take the lead in the implementation of health and sanitation programs
under this plan;
2. In coordination with the barangay officials, it shall formulate
guidelines and policies to improve health and sanitation in the coastal
communities through information campaign, promotion of the proper
disposal of human and domestic wastes, provision of support facilities
such as public toilet, rural potable water system and provision of
primary health services to the community;
3. Supervise the Barangay Health Workers to facilitate the provision of
basic health services as well as in gathering basic community
information for planning and development of the municipality’s health
program
15. Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office
The Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office (MSWDO) shall:
1. Mobilize the provision of assistance particularly in the event of natural
disasters; and
2. Take the lead in the provision of assistance in the indigent households
in the coastal barangays.
16. Non-Government Organizations
The non-government organizations (NGOs) known to have assisted the
municipality is the Sentro ng Ikauunlad ng Katutubong Agham at Teknolohiya or
SIKAT which has a field office at Iba, Zambales.
ICM Coordinating Mechanism
To effectively implement this ICRMP plan of the municipality, a coordinative
mechanism based on the principles of co-management and stakeholders’ participation,
the following operational structure shall be adopted:
Under the supervision of the Municipal Chief Executive, the ICRM Focal Person
shall orchestrate the implementation of the plan. The members of the implementing team
shall at least once every quarter or as often as maybe necessary, on such day and time
may be fixed. The presence of at least majority of its members present in a meeting
validly held shall be necessary for the team to exercise its powers and performs its
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
56
functions. The minutes of the meetings shall be prepared by the Focal Person and sent to
the Local Chief Executive within seven (7) days after the meeting.
The meeting agenda shall include the following:
1. Call to Order
2. Roll Call
3. Declaration of Quorum
4. Review of Minutes of the Previous Meeting
5. Business Arising from the Minutes
6. Business of the Day
7. Other matters
8. Adjournment
Reporting
The members of the team shall report progress and status of each
program/projects within their responsibilities as specified under this plan. A
quarterly report format shall be formulated by the focal person to be accomplished
by the members to capture the information necessary for management actions.
Monitoring and Evaluation
The implementation of the plan shall be monitored and evaluated based on
the performance indicators identified in the plan. A monitoring and evaluation
plan shall be developed by the MPDC to ensure physical and financial
accomplishments of the projects identified.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
57
ZONING SCHEME
Why Zone
Zonation scheme or zoning is a method of addressing interest among resourceusers through the delineation of zones for specific uses. It is a strategy in planning which
allows the different sectors who use the upland and coastal resources to reach a consensus
in the use of the area. It is also one of the most effective tools to avoid conflicts between
and among the communities within a certain area and the overlapping of land and coastal
usage.
Zoning is the wise and optimum utilization of natural resources. It is imperative
to have a planning approach to consider important factors for the formulation of zoning
schemes of the nature and extent of the existing development and protection activities.
Management of upland resources and sustainable use is based upon logical zoning
practices taking into consideration the various government development policies
pertinent to forest zoning.
Coastal use zoning is a process of delineating the coastal areas into land- and sea
use zones, designating permitted, prohibited and conditional uses. It provides an efficient
mechanism for allocating coastal space for appropriate uses based on the suitability with
environmental, social and economic conditions, and compatibility with sustainable
development objectives and principles, and with policies and legal requirements. It also
presents a framework for resolving multiple-use conflicts. Coastal-use zoning likewise
provides a regulatory framework for permitting and prohibiting human activities
according to the designated use coastal space. Zoning and management of the degree of
investments in a particular resource use zone cultivates stewardship of the resource and
generates responsible use practices amongst resource users. Within this overall
perspective, the underpinning aim for developing a zoning plan is the need to balance
investment and development with the natural carrying capacity of the resource base and
the overall goals of integrated coastal management of the Municpality. Because of this,
the ICRM zoning system needs to be based on spatial extent and distribution of resources
over clearly delineated management areas where allowable and prohibited activities can
be prescribed and enforced through legal edicts or other acceptable means. The
fundamental premise is to allocate areas for investments and economic uses in order to
manage the intensity of resource use in such appropriately designated areas while at the
same time maintaining enough habitats and ecological systems where the natural
processes for resource replenishment can occur unimpeded and where the aesthetic
values of the coastal environment can be sustainably enjoyed by society.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
58
Existing and Proposed Zones
Based on the most recent land use accounting prepared in 2000 by the
municipality of Subic, forest land still remained the dominant land use. Table below
reveals current land use data based on GIS technology. Accordingly, Subic’s forest cover
makes up roughly about 75 percent of Subic’s total land area. Although as observed, a
significant portion of this valuable land category is, in fact, denuded. Those that are
vegetated are mostly second growth forests. Agricultural lands make up about seven (7)
percent, a dramatic drop from 28 percent in 1997. The built-up is about 16 percent (162
hectares) of the total land area.
Table 33. Breakdown of General Land Uses, 2000
Land Use
Forest
Special Project/Uses
Agriculture
Built-up
Parks/Open Spaces
Rivers/Swamps
TOTAL
Area (has.)
18,997.92
3,417.30
1,825.88
1,199.52
0.0081
3.24
25,443.88
Share (%)
74.67
13.43
7.18
4.71
0.01
100.00
Zoning is comprised of the upland and coastal zones. The general land uses also
reflects the upland zone, though this zone concentrates on the forest area. Upland zone is
subdivided into production and protection zones. Meanwhile, the coastal zone has five
component zones - the MPA zone, habitat enhancement and protection zone, tourism
zone and fishery development zone. These are all reflected in a map (Figure 9).
Upland Zone
Subic has a total timberland area of 16,268 hectares which is comprised of
7,193.70 hectares of production forest and 9,074.30 hectares of protection forest.
Untenured forest area has a total of 9,728.40 hectares (Figure 10).
Production Zones
As per DENR-CENRO Olongapo records, eight (8) tenurial
instruments were found to have been existing within the Municipality of
Subic. This includes Forest Land Grazing Lease Agreement (FLGLA),
Tree Farm Lease Agreement (TFLA), IFMA, SIFMA, Agro Forest,
Community-based Forest Management Agreement (CBFMA), Community
Forest Stewardship Agreement (CFSA), and Community Stewardship
Certificate (CSC) (Figure 8).
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
59
Figure 8. Map showing the tenurial uses of Municipality of Subic, Zambales
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
60
For FLGLA, Veronica Lorenzana is its sole holder but is currently
on process for conversion to SIFMA. TFLA holders include Alfonso
Tagata, Arnel Sison, Rudegillio Tacorda, Antonio Galian, Pedro hipolito,
Alfred Mil and Green Universe Development Corporation. IFMA has in
its list only one holder Veronica Lorenzana. SIFMA listed nineteen
holders of whhich eighteen are subject for cancellation and assessment. A
sixty-hectare Agro Forest farm under UDP is located at Brgy. Cawag,
Subic. CBFMA holders include Aningway Sacatihan Upland Farmers,
Batiawan Upland Farmers association and Cawag Tribal Association.
CFSA holders are Mangan-Vaca Ilwas Upland Farmers, Livelihood
Association for Cawag Residents and Best of Youth Society Inc. CSC
listed one holder the Manggahan Upland Farmers Association.
Protection Zones
Subic has 9,074.30 hectares of protection forest and these are
watershed areas.
The Sto. Tomas Watershed is one of the most important
watersheds in the municipalities of Zambales being a major source of
irrigation water. It covers a total land area of about 26, 998.89 hectares
which stretches from Botolan to Subic. It encompasses six municipalities
namely Subic, Castillejos, San Marcelino, San Narciso, San Felipe and
Botolan.
The Mangan-vaca Watershed covers a total land area of 2,259.92
hectares. It is located at Brgy. Mangan-vaca, Subic, Zambales. The said
watershed is of the essence for the residents of Subic because it is the
major source of water for the whole municipality. The Subic Water
District houses three pumping stations/well namely Mangan-vaca Well
Mangan-vaca Well II, and Mangan-vaca Dam in the watershed. Three
hundred (300) hectares from the total 2,259.92 hectares was declared as
Mangan-vaca Watershed Forest Reserve under Proclamation No. 1607
dated August 29, 2008.
The Subic Watershed Forest Reserve is one of the major
watershed area in the municipality. It was declared under Proclamation
No. 926 dated June 25, 1992 by Former President Fidel V. Ramos. It
covers a total area of 10,000.00 hectares which stretches from Subic to
Olongapo City
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
61
Figure 9. Zoning map of Subic, Zambales
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
62
Figure 10. Map showing the upland zoning of Subic, Zambales
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
63
Coastal Zone
The municipal water of Subic has a total length of approximately 27
kilometers from Brgy. Cawag to Brgy. Matain.
Marine Protected Area Zone
There is an existing marine sanctuary and reservation area at Brgy.
Cawag. The Municipal Ordinance No. 98-02 enacted in 1998 declaring the
areas of Binictican Point (Northeast) to Sampaloc Point (Northwest) of the
municipality as Subic Marine Sanctuary and Reservation Area is the
guiding document for its establishment and management. Corner
coordinates of the boundary are as follows:
Zone 1
Zone 2
Zone 3
Zone 4
Latitude
14
45’
14
40’
14
30’
14
18’
Longitude
120
11’
120
10’
120
10’
120
09’
With an approximate area of five (5) hectares, the sanctuary is a
protection zone with fishing methods confined to hook and line, bamboo
traps (3 cm) and gill nets (3 cm) and gathering of seaweeds and shells. The
Bantay Dagat team supervised by the Municipal Agriculture Office
monitors the area and fines are specified for violators. To increase the
protection and further improve coral reef, the same area is being proposed
to be a marine protected area (MPA). Aside from the existing sanctuary,
there is proposed fish sanctuary with an approximately four (4) hectare
area at the Pamana Island, Brgy. Calapacuan.
Habitat Enhancement and Protection Zone
1. Mangrove Protection Zone
Mangroves are one of most productive and diverse resources in
the coastal area. In the assessment conducted by DENR and
representatives from LGU during the Participatory Coastal Resources
Assessment (PCRA) of the mangrove ecosystem, fifteen true
mangrove species were identified and to be found in the municipality.
The identification and establishment of a Mangrove Zone will enhance
and protect the remaining mangrove forests in order to achieve a more
balance coastal ecosystem and its other benefits.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
64
2. Coral Reef Protection Zone
The coral reef protection zones are the coral reef areas at
Brgys. Calapacuan, Cawag and Matain. These areas host to a
biodiverse fish community and aquatic organisms, and serves as an
eco-tourism site for diving.
3. Pawikan Conservation Zone
There is an identified Pawikan Conservation Zone (nesting
ground) in Sitios Naglatore, Quinabucsan, Nagbayukan and Sampaloc
of Barangay Cawag. These areas are known nesting grounds of marine
turtles. But according to some claims of the residents, other coastal
barangays of Subic were also nesting grounds of marine turtles,
although it was not specified if the sites were regularly nested by the
turtles. However, sightings marine turtles and its nesting ground on
these coastal Barangays were evident.
Tourism Zone
The municipality of Subic is endowed by Mother Nature with
scenic spots that could be tapped for lucrative tourism prospects and
opportunities for the municipality and the whole province of Zambales in
general. Just like in any other coastal Municipalities in Zambales, Subic is
banking in on its beach resorts which offer first class accommodation
facilities.
Navigation Zone
The NAMRIA-generated Municipal waters’ boundary also serves
as the fishing grounds of the Municipality, which is also home to
commercial fishing from nearby towns and navigate to and from Subic.
There is a port area, also called a mining port, situated at Barangays
Wawandue and Baraca-Camachile.
Fishery Development Zone
The fishery development zone is fishing zone identified at
Barangays Matain, Calapacuan, Calapandayan, Baraca-Camachile,
Wawandue and Cawag or area of the municipal waters excluding the
proposed and existing fish sanctuary where fisherfolks are free to catch
fish for their subsistence provided that they will abide with the fishing
laws, rules and regulations.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
65
PROPOSED ACTIONS /ACTIVITIES
Issue no. 1
Conversion of terrains, coastal and agricultural areas into
commercial and subdivision projects and development
causes situation which affects the natural fish habitat and
displacement of fisherfolks.
1 A living environment where progress and the natural order
of environment is in harmony.
1a To create and implement a standard land resource
management system that is in accordance with
environment conservation.
LGU
DepEd
1a1 To create awareness on the negative impacts of
DENR
DOH
conversion of terrains, coastal & agricultural area.
SFC
1 Conduct orientation on responsible parenting,
POPCORN
impact of improper land resource mgt. through
minimizing of migrants from rural to urban
areas.
1a2 To prepare & enact a standard land resource mgt.
system to include updating of CLUP and land
conversion permits issuance guidelines
1 Preparation of a standard land resource mgt.
system through a meeting.
2 Public hearing of the Ordinance
3 Passage & IEC campaign
4 Strict participatory implementation of
Ordinance.
1a3 To encourage families to avail of government
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
2010 (P‘000)
2011 (P‘000)
2012 (P‘000)
300
200
400
66
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Resp.
Agency
Province
Activity Name
National
Strategy
Activity
Issue
Goal
Objective
Table 34. Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 1
2010 (P‘000)
Issue no. 1
housing projects.
1 Conduct of a free government housing project
orientation & consultation
Subtotal:
Total:
0
0
2011 (P‘000)
0
0
0
900
0
0
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Resp.
Agency
Municipal
Province
National
Strategy
Activity
Issue
Goal
Objective
Activity Name
2012 (P‘000)
900
0
900
0
0
0
0
0
Issue no. 2
Improper waste disposal from the household, industries
and commercial and fishing vessels contributes to
pollution and threatens tourism and fishery industry.
1 A clean community w/ proper waste disposal program.
1a To adopt and implement a waste disposal program.
1a1 Preparation of waste management projects such as
waste segregation or 3R through the establishment
of a Material Recovery Facility (MRF)
1 Need assessment for barangay MRF
2 Site visit for Model MRF.
3 Establish MRF. *number of MRF to be
finalized
4 Seminar for every barangay.
1a2 Develop and establish a livelihood recycling
program.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
2010 (P‘000)
2011 (P‘000)
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Resp.
Agenc
y
Province
Activity Name
National
Strategy
Activity
Issue
Goal
Objective
Table 35. Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 2
2012 (P‘000)
LGU,
DENR,
DOTC
DOST
TLRC
1600
6400
300
67
Issue no. 2
1 Active linkage of junk shops to brgy residents.
2 Conduct livelihood recycling program.
1a3 Create a task force/monitoring group to strictly
implement the waste mgt. program.
1 Advocacy drive by local partner educational
institutions.
1a4 Construct/improve a municipal sewerage system.*
1
2
Subtotal:
Total:
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
2010 (P‘000)
2011 (P‘000)
2012 (P‘000)
200
384
0
9268
0
0
0
0
0
0
2484
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
Resp.
Agenc
y
National
Strategy
Activity
Issue
Goal
Objective
Activity Name
384
6400
8884
0
0
384
68
0
384
Issue No. 3
Weak implementation of law and lack of technical knowhow and logistical support of enforcement bodies result to
rampant/ persistent mangrove deforestation and illegal
fishing practices.
1 Effective and efficient enforcement of laws that shall
employ action which support sustainable use of resource
base on precautionary approach.
1a To strengthen the capacity of coastal watch network.
Bantay Dagat)
1a1 Conduct training.
1 Para Legal Training
2 Fish Examiner Training
3 Fish Certificate Training
1a2 Secure logistic support patrol equipment.
1 Procurement of patrol boat/equipments.
1a3 Conduct information technology campaign.
1a4 Seek funds for incentives to Bantay Dagat
volunteers.
1 Provisions of incentives to Bantay Dagat
Volunteers.
1a5 Linkages organized multi—task force.
1 Conduct small group meeting.
1a6 Strengthen/capacitate Bantay Dagat re: law
enforcement & filling of cases
2a To rehabilitate/reforest degraded mangrove
2a1 Educating & involving communities in coastal
resource mgt. to sustain coastal resources &
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
2010 (P‘000)
BFAR
DOH
DENR
LGU
PNP
Coastguard
Maritime
Human
Rights
2011 (P‘000)
50
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Resp.
Agency
Province
Activity Name
National
Activity
Strategy
Objective
Issue
Goal
Table 36. Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 3
2012 (P‘000)
50
1000
30
30
30
720
720
720
10
30
30
30
69
Issue No. 3
habitat.
2a2 Conduct reforestation program
1 Prepare & submit proposal.
2 Mangrove tree planting at brgy. Calapandayan,
Calapacuan, Wawandue, Baraca –Camachile &
Cawag(2ha)
Subtotal:
Total:
2010 (P‘000)
2011 (P‘000)
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
Resp.
Agency
National
Activity
Strategy
Objective
Issue
Goal
Activity Name
2012 (P‘000)
8
60
0
0
848
3738
120
1060
1908
0
0
830
120
950
100
0
0
780
100
880
Issue No. 4
Lack of capacitating, financial support and absence of
alternative livelihood coupled with increasing number of
out of school youth and higher
underemployment/unemployment rate in the municipality.
1 Continuing a sustainable livelihood opportunities for the
less privileged fisher lock supported w/ capacity building
among each members.
1a To create comprehensive long term & short term
program for fisher lock for alternative livelihood
1a1 Creation of a Municipal Enterprises Development
Unit.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
2010 (P‘000)
2011 (P‘000)
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Resp.
Agency
Province
Activity Name
National
Strategy
Activity
Issue
Goal
Objective
Table 37. Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 4
2012 (P‘000)
MLGU
BLGU
TESDA
DABFAR
DENR
NGOs
70
Issue No. 4
1 Creation & Operationalization of Municipal
EDU.
1a2 Organized a multi-sectoral organization that will
manage & maintain a sustainable livelihood
project.
1 Assessment of Socio-Economic Survey
conducted during PCRA.
2 Identification & selection of POs as
beneficiaries of the 3 livelihood programs
namely rolling store (bigasang bayan), fish
(tinapa) and meat processing.
3 Conduct series of orientation community
meeting
4 Organize core group
5 Recruitment of members
6 Availment of livelihood programs by the POs.
1a3 Capacitate the organization on several training
seminars and workshop.
1 Creation of formal organization
2 Training needs assessment
3 Lining up of prioritization for trainings
4 Capacitate the organization and its members to
series of trainings.
Subtotal:
Total:
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
2010 (P‘000)
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
2011 (P‘000)
5
CDA
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
Strategy
Activity
Issue
Goal
Objective
Resp.
Agency
Activity Name
2012 (P‘000)
5
5
28
10
10
10
7
5
10
100
0
195
0
85
100
185
0
0
5
0
5
0
0
5
71
0
5
Issue No. 5
Lack of public awareness and capacitating on
environmental issues coupled with lesser penalties for
violators enhance timber poaching and over fishing.
1 A well-informed and vigilant community on environment
issues with a strengthened law enforcement team.
1a To conduct massive IEC on stakeholders re:
environment protection/conservation.
1a1 Identification of target audience for IEC
1 Conduct communication planning workshop re:
IEC
1a2 Program of action for the conduct of series of IEC
activities.
1 Production of distribution of IEC materials
-Radio Natin (1,800)
-flyers, poster (5,000 pcs )
1b To provide adequate monitoring equipment to existing
enforcers.
1b1 Determine the existing equipment of the law
enforcers
1 Conduct of inventory of law enforcer’s
equipment.
1b2 Formulate proposal to address the inadequacy of
equipment.
1 Drafting of proposal w/ budgetary
requirements.
2 Endorse to SB for provision of funds.
3 Purchase of equipments.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
2010 (P‘000)
2011 (P‘000)
2012 (P‘000)
20
50
8
10
5
72
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Resp.
Agenc
y
Province
Activity Name
National
Activity
Strategy
Objective
Goal
Issue
Table 38. Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 5
Issue No. 5
1b3 Formulate and enact an Ordinance on penalty
system to include filing of multiple charges to
increase penalty.
1 Drafting of proposal w/ budgetary requirement.
2 Endorse to SB for provision of funds.
1b4 Formulate proposal to address the inadequacy of
equipment.
1b5 Piloting of information communication hotline
through texting website.
1c To capacitate Barangay and Municipal Officials re: law
1c1 Deputize local brgy officials as Bantay Gubat
1 Look for alternative sources of funds for
provision.
1c2 Capacitating training for Barangay & Municipal
Officials.
1 Conduct of Capacitating Trainings.
Subtotal:
Total:
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
2010 (P‘000)
2011 (P‘000)
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
Resp.
Agenc
y
National
Activity
Strategy
Objective
Goal
Issue
Activity Name
2012 (P‘000)
8
5
10
50
50
15
155
50
30
50
326
0
170
0
220
0
0
91
0
91
0
0
15
73
0
15
Issue No. 6
Poor drainage system and lack of flood control facilities
cause flooding and damages properties, livelihood and
coastal resources.
1 A well maintained and operational drainage system and
flood control facility.
1a1 rehabilitate existing drainage/waterways
1a1 Massive dredging & cleaning of clogged culverts,
covered canals and river draining towards the sea
1 Multi-sectoral clean up of canals & culverts
1a2 Propose to enact a Brgy. Ordinance re: Drainage
system
1 Public hearing/consultations
1a3 IEC re: improper dumping
1 House to house meeting & production and
DENR
distribution of campaign materials
1a2 To install flood control facilities along identified flood
prone
1 Identification of flood prone areas. (BaracaCamachile,Calapandayan,iiwas, Mangan-vaca)
1 Replacement of damaged waterways
DENR,
LGU
2 Survey/ocular inspection/determination of flood
source
1 Request for Brgy. Council Composite team who
will conduct ocular inspection
3 Drafting of Mun. Ordinance re: flood control facility
installation
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
2010 (P‘000)
2011 (P‘000)
100
40
100
100
20
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Resp.
Agenc
y
Province
Activity Name
National
Activity
Strategy
Objective
Issue
Goal
Table 39. Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 6
2012 (P‘000)
160
300
50
100
20
300
1200
400
150
200
74
0
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
2011 (P‘000)
2012 (P‘000)
5
5
5
5
5
5
570
1000
10
4000
0
860
ICRMP
100
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
2010 (P‘000)
Municipal
Issue No. 6
1 Submission of Brgy Resolution to SB
4 Lobbying on SB re: FCF w/ supporting Brgy
Ordinance & signature campaigns.
1 Conduct of constant lobbying to SB.
5 Installation of flood control facilities.
1 Establishment of flood control facility.
Subtotal:
Total:
Resp.
Agenc
y
National
Activity
Strategy
Objective
Issue
Goal
Activity Name
230
3270
0
330
100
0
1410
2080
400
450
Issue no. 7
Absence of concrete roads from the fishing community top
market lessens quality of fish and fishery products
resulting to low selling value.
1 Good and passable farm to market roads that will benefit the
fishing community.
1a To construct concrete roads from Sitio Quinabucsan to
Sitio Matang-ib, Brgy. Cawag
1a1 Identification of target audience for IEC
1 Make a proposal through a Brgy. Resolution for
the construction of market road.
1 Draft a Resolution
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
2010 (P‘000)
2011 (P‘000)
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Resp.
Agency
Province
Activity Name
National
Strategy
Activity
Issue
Goal
Objective
Table 40. Proposed Actions and Activities on Issue Number 7
2012 (P‘000)
6
75
2010 (P‘000)
Issue no. 7
Conduct of Public Hearing
Committee Hearing with the Committee
Chairman
4 Lobbying to the SB
5 Approval/Certification
2 Construction of 20 km concrete road from Sitio
Matang-ib to Sitio Quinabucsan of Brgy Cawag
1 Civil work
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
2011 (P‘000)
2012 (P‘000)
6
6
2
3
6
6
LGU,
NGA
-SBMA assistance through proposal to
private investors
-Assistance from other concerned
stakeholders through
Subtotal:
Total: 500,030
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
Province
National
ICRMP
Municipal
Province
Resp.
Agency
National
Strategy
Activity
Issue
Goal
Objective
Activity Name
500,000
0
0
30
0 500,000
30
0
0
0
500,000
0
0
0
76
0
0
REFERENCES
Convention of International Treaty on Endangered Species (CITES).
DA-BFAR Region 3. Participatory Coastal Resource Assessment (2009). Department
of Agriculture - Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic (DA-BFAR), City of San
Fernando, Pampanga.
Executive Order 533.
Municipal Planning and Development Office (MPDO). Comprehensive Land Use Plan.
Subic, Zambales.
The Local Government Code (LGC) of 1991 or RA 7160.
The Philippine Fisheries Code of 1998 or RA 8550.
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
77
CAPSULE SUBPROJECT PROPOSALS
Subproject 1:
Title:
Amount:
Duration:
Proponent:
Mangrove Rehabilitation/Reforestation Project
Php. 280,000.00
2010-2012
LGU
Rationale:
The Subic Mangrove Forest is generally good based on the Participatory Coastal
Resources Assessment conducted by DENR and LGU. Good condition indicates slight
disturbance and few mangrove cuttings. At the said assessment, fifteen true mangrove
species were identified and to be found in the municipality.
Being considered as a major coastal resource that greatly contributes in
maintenance of ecological balance by accommodating a wide range of fish and shellfish
while helping protect coral reefs against siltation from upland erosion, mangrove forests
are important ecosystems. Therefore, it is clearly vital and essential to enhance these
remaining forests in order to maximize the perceived benefits we acquire through them.
Methodology:
What:
When:
Where:
How:
Time Frame:
Budget:
Two-hectare Mangrove Rehabilitation/Reforestation
2010-2012
Barangays Calapandayan, Calapacuan, Matain, Wawandue
and Cawag
Thru the effort of the LGU and DENR
3 years
Php. 280,000.00
Subproject 2:
Title:
Amount:
Duration:
Proponent:
Barangay Material Recovery Facility (MRF) Livelihood Project
Php. 5,200,000.00
2010-2012
LGU
Rationale:
The problem of waste management has become a worldwide phenomenon. Solid
waste is dumped on an open area, which pollutes natural waterways. Most of the Subic
coastlines are already bordered by resorts. Experiences show that if left unabated, waste
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
78
does not only cause major health problems but environmental degradation as well. The
town being recognized as a tourist destination with the presence of its beautiful beaches is
likewise threatened.
To resolve the issue, strict implementation of the solid waste management law is
being reiterated among the local communities. A proposed establishment of a small-scale
Material Recovery Facility (MRF) on barangays will help in the effective implementation
of the said law by providing a venue for waste segregation thereby reducing waste.
Recyclable waste can also be a good source of income generating activities that can help
alleviate the condition of some families.
Methodology 1:
What:
When:
How:
Time Frame:
Budget:
Methodology 2:
What:
When:
How:
Time Frame:
Budget:
Establishment of a Barangay MRF
2010-2012
Thru the effort of the LGU and DENR
3 years
Php. 5,000,000.00
Livelihood Recycling Program
2011
Thru the effort of the LGU, DENR, DOST, DOTC and
TLRC
1 year
Php. 200,000.00
Subproject 3:
Title:
Amount:
Duration:
Proponent:
Flood Prevention Control Project
Php 7,550,000.00
3years
LGU
Rationale:
Flooding is a critical problem in Subic. It’s a perennial problem that only
worsens yearly especially during the rainy season. While flooding is not unique to Subic,
it is the root cause of other related problems such as, among others, reduced productivity,
idle lands, destruction of property, and degradation of resources.
Defenses such as barrier islands, sea wall, and sand bags are often used to prevent
rivers from bursting their banks. The use of sewerage and drainage systems are cost
effective solutions with low environmental impact are common in development sites.
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
79
Methodology 1:
What:
When:
Where:
How:
Time Frame:
Budget:
Methodology 2:
What:
When:
How:
Time Frame:
Budget:
Methodology 3:
What:
When:
How:
Time Frame:
Budget:
Massive Dredging & cleaning of clogged culverts, covered
canals and rivers
2010-2012
Entire Municipality
Thru the effort of the LGU and DENR
3 years
Php. 500,000.00
Replacement of Damaged Waterways System
2011-2012
Thru the effort of the LGU and DENR
2 years
Php. 2,050,000.00
Installation/Construction of Flood Control Facilities at
Barangays Baraca-Camachile, Mangan-vaca, Ilwas and
Calapanayan
2012
Thru the effort of the LGU and DENR
1 year
Php. 5,000,000.00
Subproject 4:
Title:
Amount:
Duration:
Proponent:
Road Construction Project
Php 500,000,000.00
1 year
LGU
Rationale:
A road is an identifiable route or path between two places. It is also a life of
communication and transportation. Farm to market roads classified as agricultural
infrastructure projects are expensive but extremely necessary for better production and
improved income for the farmers and fishers. It lowers the transportation cost, cut the
travel time and made it possible to transport especially during the rainy season. With
better roads, the quality of produce can be preserved and void bruises or mishandling
during transportation that can command premium price for it.
Methodology:
What:
When:
Construction of a twenty-kilometer Concrete Road
2011
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
80
Where:
How:
Time Frame:
Budget:
Sitio Matang-ib to Sitio Quinabucsan of Brgy Cawag
Thru the effort of the LGU, DPWH and NGA
1 year
Php. 500,000,000.00
Integrated Coastal Resources Management Plan of Subic, Zambales
81