M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
Lightbeam Oscillograph
M12-150A
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M12-150A Instruction Manual
List of Contents.
Section 1 Specification
Recorder
Recorder Options
Galvanometers
Reference
1.1
1.2
1.3
Section 2 General Information (Recorder Mainframe)
Principle of Operation
Introduction to the M12-150A
Recording Facilities
Trace (or Channel) identification
Event Marker
Timing Lines
Grid Lines
Chart Speeds
Auto Recording Facility
Lamp
Trace Intensity
Galvanometer Block
Galvanometers
Remote Control Facilities
Connectors
Signal Conditioning
Circuit Protection
Summary of Controls
Alphanumeric Printer
M2030 Computer Interface
Section 3 Installation and Operation
Introduction
Equipment List
Precautions
Preparing the Recorder for use
Paper Loading
Making a recording
Switch-off and Storage
Recording Papers
Section 4 Operational Maintenance
Lubrication
Optical Cleaning
Magnet Block
Removal of recorder from case
Removal of control module
Lamp removal and renewal
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
2.19
2.20
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 5 Signal Conditioning
Introduction
M1020 Designers Module
M1036 Transient Capture Module
M1049 Carrier Oscillator/Amplifier/Demodulator
M1055 Passive Conditioner
M1060 Strain Gauge Amplifier
M1061 Thermocouple Amplifier
M1070 Attenuator/Amplifier
M1071 Variable Attenuator
M1073 R.M.S./D.C. Converter
M1080 Frequency/D.C. Converter
M1085 Frequency Calibrator
M1088, M1088-P Channel Completion Card
General Notes, Voltage Output and Calibration
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
5.14
Section 6 Circuit Diagrams
C2382
Wiring schedule
C2170
Power Supply Circuit Diagram
B2217
Control Board Circuit Diagram
B2248
Siganal Conditioning Circuit Diagram
B2229
Display Board Circuit Diagram
B2231
Cal/Ch Display Board Circuit Diagram
B2151
Flash Tube Board Circuit Diagram
A1192
Heater Board Circuit Diagram
B1193
12/24V Inverter Circuit Diagram
B0227/1 M1000 Signal Conditioner Input
B0227/2 M1000 Signal Conditioner Input
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 1 Specifications
1.1
Recorder M12-150A
Magnet Block
:
Flux Density
Magnet Block Heater
Galvanometer
Optical Arm
Paper Drive Speed
:
:
:
:
:
Paper Drive Accuracy
Paper Drive Acceleration
Recording Paper
:
:
:
Writing Speed
Timing
Timing Speed
Timing Accuracy
Light Source
Trace Intensity Control
Event Marker
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
Gridlines
:
Trace Identidication
:
Remote Control
:
Auto Paper Length
Signal Input
:
:
Power Requirements
:
Power Consumption
Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Dimensions
:
:
:
:
Weight
:
500V D.C. insulation, 12-channel, nontilting
10K gauss +/- 1%
Electronically Controlled, 45oC +/- 2 oC
Micro Movements miniature type ‘H’
150mm
1 -10mm/sec. in 10 steps
x1, x10, and x10 multiplier
+/- 5% (Typical : +/- 3%)
300ms max.
Direct Print 6” (152mm) width
Emulsion In only.
Length - 30 metres (Lightweight)
52.5 metres (Ultrathin)
Preferred types - Kodak 1895 or 2022
Agfa Gevaert Oscilloscript D or E
30,000 cm/sec.
Full width lines from Xenon flash tube.
0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 seconds
0.1% (crystal controlled)
6 volts 10 watt Quartz Halogen Lamp
By front panel thumbwheel
Manually initiated on print galvanometer by
front panel push button or remote
operation by contact closure.
Spaced at 2mm, every 5th line (1cm)
accentuated
Sequential trace marking with edge num
bering
Recorder On/Off with indicator Event
Marker
0.2 to 2 metres and continuous
7 pin locking DIN connector for each
channel
115 or 230 volts 45-440 Hz by voltage
selector on rear panel
75VA
External ambient 10 oC - 40oC
-20 oC to +70oC
Width - 260mm (9ins)
Height - 176mm (7ins)
Depth - 325mm (12.5ins)
Excluding feet and free connectors.
10Kg (22Ib)
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 1 Specifications contd.
1.2
Factory Fitted Optional Extras
a)
A6 Battery operation via integral inverter, 12 and 24 V D.C.
b) A4/A5 Remote programming of chart speeds and/or continuously variable
speed drive.
c)
A7 Speed reduction module (÷60). Gives additional chart speed in units of mm
per minute.
d)
M2030 Integral Computer Interface.
1.3
Galvanometers
a)
Type: Moving coil (Micro Movements type ‘H’)
b)
Linearity: +/- 1% over 5cm from centre position.
c)
Balance: dependent on sensitivity (see Galvanometer Selection Table).
d)
Damping: Electro magnetic and/or silicon fluid (dependent on type).
e)
Focal length of galvanometer lens : 18cm.
f)
Deflection sensitivity.
The sensitivities are tabulated as follows with :i)
Optical path length of 150mm
ii)
Sensitivity and resistance tolerance +/- 10%
(not including magnet block tolerance.)
iii) No external damping resistance.
g) Dimensions:
i)
Length 68.2mm (2.687 ins)
ii) top diameter 3.3mm (0.130ins)
iii) bottom diameter 2.4mm (0.0945ins)
General
The recommended galvanometer for the M12-150A recorder is the M1600H.
High Frequencies
For higher frequency applications two other galvanometer are available, M2500H,
M3300H
When using these galvanometers, two points should be noted:
1) The Trace Identification is achieved by injecting a small pulse of current into
the galvanometer. The deflection on the M2500H and the M3300H is reduced
relative to the M600H by 4:1 and 8:1 respectively, therefore becoming indistin
guishable. This Trace Indentification current can be increased for special appli
cations requiring high frequency galvanometers. Consult Factory if this is
required.
2) The maximum current available from the range of signal conditioning amplifi
ers is +/- 12mA. Thus the maximum deflection that can be obtained for the
three
galvanometers is:M1600H +/- 15cm (F.SS.D.)
M2500H +/- 3cm
M3300H +/- 1.5cm
An optional high current output stage is available with each amplifier which in
creases the maximum current to +/- 50mA.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 1 Specifications
contd.
The corresponding maximum deflection would be:
M2500H +/- 12cm
M3300H +/- 6cm
Low Frequencies
It is recommended that galvanometers with lower frequency response than the M1600H
are not used in the M12-150A as they do not satisfactorily match the amplifier and Trace
Identification sensitivity.
All Micro Movements Signal Conditioning Amplifiers are fitted with filters that can be
switched ON/OFF. If a particular low cut off frequency is required for an application,
please consult the factory. Simple single pole filters to specification are included at no
extra cost provided they are specified prior to shipment of the order.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information.
2.1
The principle of operation follows from the ability to re-image a tiny light source as a
spot of light for each channel, which can be deflected across the full width of light
sensitive paper, by the mirror of a minuture galvanometer. The resulting record
becomes visible shortly after emergence from the recorder, by the action of the ambi
ent light on the recorded image, (“latensification”).
2.2
Introduction to the M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph Recorder.
The M12-150A recorder is a completely new concept in low-cost direct writing
recorders, for use in laboratory, aerospace, industrial, medical and portable applica
tions. It used a low power light source with a high performance optical system:
together with a servo controlled chart drive system, which gives an instrument of
high reliability with low power consump tion, ideally suited to field operation.
The performance of the lamp is optimised by operating it from a regulated supply
which eliminates the damage caused by short term overloads and supply fluctuations.
In the stand-by mode, the lamp is run below full power and is instantly brought up to
full power at the commencement of recording. The use of this technique considerably
prolongs the life of the lamp.
2.3
Recording Facilities.
Up to 12 channels of information can be recorded on a 150mm wide roll of direct
print- out paper, wound emulsion in, on any standard core diameter.
Traces can overlap and may traverse the full width of the recording paper, unless
limited by the maximum safe current of the particular galvanometer, or the output
capability of a particular signal conditioner.
2.4
Trace Identification and Numbering. is provided by a microprocessor.
Small marks appear on the traces at regular intervals, aligned with the appropriate
numbers, printed on the left hand side of the chart. The channel to be identified will
have a mark on the trace perpendicular to the printed number at the edge of the chart.
2.5
Event Marker
The event corresponds with the alphanumeric galvanometer being inhibited. If the
Event is left ‘ON’ a continuous line will appear below the normal print position. The
start of the line indicates the instant of the event and is initiated by depressing the
front panel push button, or by completing the circuit remotely.
2.6
Timing Lines
Full width timing lines can be printed on the chart at intervals of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10
seconds. A xenon stroboscope tube is used and intensity remains unchanged, regard
less of chart speed or time interval selected. A high frequency crystal oscillator is
used, which is then divided to the frequency selected by an MOS logic divider net
work to give time intervals of accuracy +/- 0.1%. If the timer is not required, move
the rotary switch to the ‘Off’ position.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
2.7
Grid Lines
Grid lines are printed longitudinally along the chart and can be used as reference
lines for setting and measuring the traces. The lines are spaced at 2.0mm intervals
with every 5th line accentuated , giving 1cm major divisions.
2.8
Chart Speed
These can be selected by two rotary switches located on the control panel at the front
of the recorder, or by applying the appropriate reference voltage at the remote input
socket on the rear panel of the recorder. The 28 speeds available on the front panel
are 1-10mm/sec. with a multiplier of x1, x10 and x100.
When accelerating from stationary, the chart will reach a linear speed to the stated
accuracy in less than 300 milliseconds.
The chart drive is initiated by depressing momentarily the Red push button located
on the front panel, marked ‘Chart On’, the Chart LED remaining illuminated while
the drive is in motion. The drive is stopped by depressing momentarily the Black
push button directly below the ‘Chart On’ push buttom, marked ‘Chart Off’. The
chart can also be controlled by completing the appropriate circuits remotely, via the
remote inpur connector. This can be done either in isolation or together with the
internal controls: that is, the recorder could be started at the front panel and stopped
remotely, or vice versa.
2.9
Auto Length Facility.
To avoid wastage of recording paper, a special timed control is incorporated to stop
the chart drive after a pre-determined paper length. The length is variable from 0.2 to
2 metres and continuous. The drive is initiated from the “Record On” button in the
normal way, and will automatically stop at the end of the selected paper length. The
paper length potentiometer is located on the front panel. In the event of this facility
not being required for normal operation, it is necessary to switch the length control to
Continuous (oo).
Note:The “Record Off” push button can be operated at any time to stop the paper drive in
an emergency, when it will over-ride the selected length.
2.10
Recording Lamp Type Phillips 6v 10wESA M29
This is a miniature 10 watt tungsten halogen lamp in a quartz envelope, operating
from a regulated supply of approximately 6 volts. In the stand-by (i.e. non-recording)
mode, it is under-run to increase the life of the lamp and minimise damage from
surges. The degree of under-run is carefully regulated, to ensure that the halogen
cycle is maintained within the lamp.
When the chart drive is initiated, the lamp is increased instantly to full brightness for
the duration of the recording.
In the event of the lamp needing replacement, consult section 4.6 for full details of
the procedure to be followed.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
2.11 Trace Intensity
In this type of recorder, this is not a very critical control since the light source has a
finite size, defined by the filament area. Even at slow chart speeds, with low spot
velocity, the trace is quite narrow, typically 0.3mm wide for a static trace.
If it is desired to improve the definition, there is a shutter provided which can be
progressively introduced to restrict the light to the galvanometers.
Control is by means of a thumbwheel mounted in the front panel of the recorder,
which progressively reduces intensity in small steps, denoted by click stops, as the
control is moved downwards towards complete cut off. The shutter controls all traces
simultaneuously, but does not affect any of the other printed information. The inten
sity of the spot as seen on the viewing screen remains virtually unchanged through
out.
2.12
Galvanometer Block
a)
This is a 12-channel magnet block with galvanometer apertures individually insulted,
to withstand 500 volts D.C. between adjacent galvanometers and ground. (The
pole-pieces do not tilt, since with this particular design it is unnecessary).
The magnetic flux in the pole-piece aperture is 10 kilogauss +/- 1%. The magnet
block is internally heated and electronically controlled to maintain a temperature of
450c +/- 20c, ensuring that the galvanometer damping and balance remain correct at
all times. The heaters are only operative when the recorder is switched on. The
outside of the block is lagged with black felt for three reasons: firstly, to prevent stray
light scatter from the metal surfaces; secondly, to reduce heat loss and thus keep
power consumpton to a minimum; thirdly, to reduce the effect of stray magnetic
fields, in the event of steel objects inadvertently coming into contact with the sides of
the block. The polarity of the magnet block is arranged so that the north pole is at the
front of the block, on the opposite side of the gap to the contact assembly.
When voltages up to 500 volts are being used, it is essential that both inputs to any
one galvanometer are raised together and at the same time observing the maximum
safe current stated for that galvanometer. It must be noted that as one contact is
made to the body of the galvanometer, an insulation breakdown to the body of an
adjacent galvanometer could occur if the 500 volt level is exceeded.
As the other contact is made to the galvanometer top cap, on no account attempt to
touch it without adequate protection while a voltage is applied.
Note 1.
In practice the maximum above-ground signal is limited by the DIN type
input connector and is normally 125v. For higher voltage applications refer to the
factory.
Note 2.
Do not use steel tools in the vicinity of the galvanometer block, always
use the non-magnetic tool provided for adjusting the galvanometers.
2.13
Galvanometers
The recorder utilised Micro Movements galvanometer M1600H with a frequency
range 0-1000Hz. These are plug in pencil types which make contact with spring
loaded plungers at the top of the magnet block and are individually insulated from
one another by a plastic insert in the magnet block aperture. The optical alignment of
the galvanometer is achieved with the aid of the special adjusting tool provided,
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
2.13 Galvanometers. contd
through the access hatch at the top of the recorder, while watching the spot on the
front of the recorder.
The galvanometer used in this recorder are fitted with 18cm focal length lenses to
achieve optimum focus at the 15cm optical arm.
2.14
Remote Facilities.
By means of the “Remote Control” socket at the rear of the instrument it is possible
to operate various functions of the recorder, depending on the type of Remote Con
trol Unit used (see below).
Pin No.
1
Record Off
2
Record On
3
Ov
4
-12v
5
13.8V ac
6
13.8V ac
7
+12v
8
M1030 Galvo
9
Tacho
10 Timer Signal
11 External Timer Input
12 Remote Motor Drive
13 Remote Tacho
14 Flash Board +12v
15 Paper Low
16 Ov
17 -12v
18 13.8V ac
19 13.8V ac
20 +12v
21 M1030 Galvo
22 Tacho +ve
23 Timer Signal
24 Remote Event
25 -12v Remote Relay
2.15
A1
*
*
A3
*
*
A5
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Connectors
a)
Power (Mains Input). Fixed socket with moulded free lead conforming to IEE
regulations.
Europe:- Brown connects to Live
Blue connects to Neutral
Green/Yellow connects to Earth.
North America:- Black connects to Live
White connects to Neutral
Green connects to Earth
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
2.15 Connectors. contd
Note: Set voltage selector to position for local supply with fuse value as follows:220-260 volts
½ Amp. SLO BLO
100-130 volts
1 Amp. SLO BLO
See “Precautions” (3.3 g).
b)
Signal Input, Individual.
One for each channel.
Fixed 7 pin DIN socket with lockable free plug. For typical connections refer to
Drg. No. B0227/1 and B0227/2
Pin connection:1)
Transducer supply +ve
2)
Transducer supply -ve
3)
Spare
4)
Input LO
5)
Input HI
6)
Auxiliary Supply/Input
7)
Frame
Note that the above connections only apply if there is a Signal Conditioner fitted to
that particular channel. With the Signal Conditioner removed there is no connection
between the input plug and the galvanometer.
To make a direct connection between the input plug and the galvanometer, M1088
Channel Completion Card must be fitted in place of the Signal Conditioner.
2.16
Signal Conditioning
A motherboard will accept up to 12 individual Signal Conditioners (M1000 Series) in
any combination via an 18 pin connector for each channel. For detailed information
see section 5, Signal Conditioning.
2.17
Circuit Protection
There are two fused located on the back panel of the recorder to protect the internal
circuits.
i)
Power input to the primary of the transformer, (for value see details section
2.15 a).
ii) Drive motor supply - 5A semi-delay.
All other supplies have inbuilt circuit protection by foldback current limiting.
2.18 Summary of Front Panel Controls
1)
Left-Hand Side (Recorder Operation
)
a)
Power.
A red rocker On/Off switch situated at the bottom of the control panel.
b)
Trace Intensity This is an edge wheel control situated on the right hand side neat
the top. It controls the trace intensity only, reducing intensity as it is moved down
wards.
c)
Time Selector
This is a 6 position rotary switch on the control panel, enabling a
selection of time line intervals to be chosen. The values are Off, 10, 1, 0.1, 0.01
seconds and Auto. Auto relates the Timer to Chart speed as follows:-
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
2.18 Summary of Front Panel Controls
Chart Speed
x1
x10
x100
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
j)
2.
Time Lines
10 sec.
1 sec.
0.1 sec.
Chart Speed
This is controlled by two switched, 1-10mm/sec., and a multiplier
of x1, x10 and x100 on the control panel, enabling 28 speed to be selected
between 1mm/sec. and 1 metre/sec.
Record On
This is a Red momentary push button located in the centre of the
control panel. When pressed, this initiates chart drive, an LED illuminates and a relay
is energised which allows the high voltage supply to reach the timer flash tube.
Record Off
This is a momentary push button located immediately below the
Record On button which cancels all functions initiated by the latter.
Event
This is a momentary push button mounted below the Timer switch.
When pressed it disables the chart printer and prints a line beneath the normal
print position.
Length
The record length may be pre-set between 0.2 and 2 metres. (See 2.9).
Tilt Feet The front feet can be tilted to provide a more convenient position of
operation when used on a bench.
Right-Hand Side (Signal Conditioning).
a)
Display
The display has two lines, the upper line indicating either the channel
number or that the calibrator is being monitored. The lower line indicates the
voltage being measured.
(i.e. the voltage output of the channel indicated or the calibration value).
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
j)
Monitor Socket The voltage to the digital monitor is also fed to the monitor
socket. The socket can be used in conjunction with an external instrument,
e.g. oscilloscope or D.V.M
Monitor Range Switch 1.999/19.99
The range being measured can be selected as +/-1.999 or +19.99 volts.
Voltage Output/Cal Switch The voltage display can be either the voltage output
of channels 1 to 12 or the Calibration voltage.
Channel Select Switch The buffered output voltage (which appears at the B.N.C.
connector on the rear panel) of channels 1 - 12 can be selected with this switch.
Bridge Volts The Transducer Power Supply or Bridge Volts can be selected
from 3 to 12 volts in 1V increments.
Bridge Volts On/Off The bridge is de-energised by a separate toggle switch.
Calibration
The calibration voltage can be selected between +/- millivolt to
+/-10 volts using the Coarse calibration switch which has 4 ranges, 10mV, 100mV,
1V and 10V and the Fine interpolating potentimeter. (For accurate settings set on the
1V or 10V ranges and reduce the multiplier switch after the Calibration Voltage
has been set).
Calibration + / Off / - A reversible calibration voltage as indicated on the voltage
monitor is fed to the Calibration Inputs of all 12 channela of signal conditioning.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
2.19 Alphanumeric Printer
Introduction
The Micro Movements Alphanumeric Printer is used to annotate the chart with useful
data.
The data printer is sequential in 6 blocks:
Data Block 1)
Record Number (increments automatically)
Data Block 2) Variable (31 character) message with RS232 data entry.
Data Block 3)
Date and Time (from on-board Real Time Clock)
Data Block 4)
Channel numbering and Trace Identification.
Data Block 5)
Time interval between time lines
Data Block 6)
Fixed (20 character) message.
The printing is fully sychrnised with chart speed from 1mm/sec. to 1000mm/sec.
Operation
The Printer is a microprocessor based system which operates in one of two modes de
pendent upon whether the Record ‘On’ push button is ‘On’ or ‘Off’. In the ‘Off’
position the microprocessor alternately measures the Time Interval between time lines and
allows Data Entry from an input device. With the Record ‘On’ button ‘On’ the microproc
essor alternately prints Data and allows ‘Data Entry’.
Time Interval Measurement
With the Record Button ‘Off’ the module is continuously measuring the time interval be
tween time lines and storing the time measured in memory. If the timer is set at 1 second or
below, the measurement is instantaneous for practical purposes. If the time is set to 10
seconds or Off, one of the following conditions will be in Data Block 5):Timer not set (up to 15 seconds)
Timer Off (over 15 seconds)
After the time interval has been measured the operation moves to the ‘Data Enter’ mode
for 2 secs. before returning to the time measurement mode.
Record ‘On’ Button
When the Record ‘On’ button is depressed the Run Number Counter is incremented and
the system then starts to print the four blocks of data. After printing the four blocks the
system goes to the ‘Data Enter’ Mode for two seconds before returning to the Print Mode.
Reset Run Counter
The Run Counter can be reset by operating the ‘Reset Run No.’ push button. The run
Counter is also reset when power is switched ‘On’.
Fixed 20 Character Message
A 20 character message can be pre-programmed in the module, this message is normally
specified by the user before delivery.
It is possible to change this message at any time by returning the module to your Agent or
to Micro Movements Ltd. The message is normally used to identify the user by name of
company, department, etc.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
Chart Recorder Printer, Setting up Procedure.
‘Data Enter’
A 31 character message can be entered (using a keypad or computer terminal) when the
Data Enter LED is ‘On’. This occurs periodically after the time has been measured or
alternately after all 6 blocks of data have been printed. When data is being entered the
system will remain in this mode until data entry is complete. This is normally sensed by a
full stop in the RS232 input mode and by end of tone in the TRS 80 mode. The system will
accept the characters 0-9, upper case A-Z and space.
Two interface options are available for data entry:a)
A 110 baud RS232 from a teletype or computer.
b)
A Sharp pocket computer supplied by Micro Movements.
The variable message is normally used for data that changes on a day to day basis, e.g.:purpose of test, operators, name, etc.
Real Time Clock
Many recording applications require annotation of real time on the recording medium. The
RTC is designed for these applications, providing time and date on the record. The clock
can be preset from the Data Entry input to the system which is operated from an RS232
link or a Sharp pocket computer. The system is battery powered and therefore only re
quires presetting when the battery is replaced.
List of Parts
1)
Character Generator (mounted on control board)
2)
M1030GS Galvanometer (Position ‘O’ in the Galvanometer Block)
3)
Pocket Computer (modified by Micro Movements Ltd).(type M1030K)
4)
Link cable with minature jack plug.
Note:Items 3 and 4 are Optional Extras.
Setting and Installation
1)
The M1030/GS galvanometer is identified by a red end cap and occupies a dedi
cated printing channel (Position ‘0’ in the galvanometer block). It is normally sup
plied with the mainframe and should not require any adjustment. If it is inadvertently
moved it should be retated back to its correct position, i.e. with the spot just off the
left-hand edge of the chart in the zero, (non-printing), position, so that the text
appears centrally in the left-hand margin.
Operation
1)
Ensure that operating instructions for the Chart Recorder Printer and the computer
have been carefully read.
2)
Data Readout
The data will be printed automatically when the Record ‘On’
button is pressed. The galvanometer should be adjusted so that data is printed at the
extreme left hand edge of the chart, thus in the ‘Not Printing’ mode the galvanometer
spot will be deflected completely off the chart.
3)
Data Format
Time Interval
The computer measures the time interval between two
a)
successive time lines and prints the time on the chart.
b)
Run Message
The computer counts the number of times the Record ‘On’
button has been operated and prints ‘Run No’ on the chart. (This can be
manually reset to Run No.1 by a push-button or by an interruption of the
mains supply, or will automatically reset Run No. 99).
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
c)
Fixed Message (20 Characters maximum)
A fixed message can be entered
into the EPROM during manufacture as specified to order.
d)
Variable Message (31 characters maximum)
The message required for
printing must be first entered in the Sharp pocket computer as a stored, linenumbered program.
1) Switch the computer ‘On’.
2)
Select the program mode by pressing the ‘Mode’ key until ‘PRO’ is indicated
in the bottom left hand side of the display.
3)
Type in the word NEW and then press ‘ENTER’
4)
Type in the number 10 followed by the message you require (See Note 1)
5)
Press ‘Enter’. This now stores a single line program in the computer, which
will be retained even if the computer is switched off.
6) Switch the recorder ‘On’
7)
Plug the computer into the ‘Data Input’ connector on the recorder.
8)
Switch the computer ‘On’
9)
To send the message to the recorder, a ‘cassette save’ operation must be
performed by pressing the following keys:
‘SHIFT’
‘M’
The word CSAVE should appear on the display. Now watch the ‘Data Input’
LED on the recorder front panel. When it is illuminated press the ‘ENTER’
key on the computer. This display should be blank except for the word
‘BUSY’ at the top left. Once the transfer is complete the computer display will
return automatically to the RUN mode and the BUSY sign will disappear. The
computer may now be disconnected and the recorder run as normal.
Note 1
Take care when choosing your variable message NOT to include any combi
nations of letters which could be interpreted as a BASIC instruction. If in
doubt, consult the Sharp manual for a full list if these instructions.
Note 2
The ‘SPACE’ character is not recognised by the printer. Should your variable
message need a space, the # character will be interpreted as such. Press
‘Shift’ and the ‘E’ to obtain the #.
Note 3
If the recorder is switched off the message will be lost and must be re-entered
using steps 6 to 10.
RTC Real Time Clock Operating Instructions.
Setting the Time
The time can be set using the Keypad entry as used for the variable message. the data is
entered as the following variable message:Programme Line Number
10
Clock Entry Mode
%
Hours
00 to 23
Minutes
00 to 59
Day of Month
01 to 31
Month
01 to 12
Year
00 to 99
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
Year (1988)
Month
Date
Minutes
Hour (4.00pm)
Clock Entry
Programme Line Number
When this information has been entered into the computer a ‘List’ will show for example:10 :
%
16 45 06 02 88
This information can now be transferred into the Chart Recorder Printer memory, using the
‘Shift M Enter’ keys on the computer as normal for the entry of variable messages. (See
Paragraph regarding variable messages).
The information can now be transferred to the clock memory by the following procedure:1)
Set the recorder into the 100mm/sec. speed.
2)
Press the Record ‘On’ Button.
The following information will be printed on the paper and the sequence of events is as
follows:1)
Run No. and Time Interval as normal.
2)
Variable message with Date and Time data, e.g. 16 45 06 02 88
3)
Date and Time currently in the Real Time Clock.
At this stage the new data is set into the Real Time Clock and then the variable
message is erased from the microprocessor memory.
4)
Printing will carry on as normal, with the correct Date and Time between the Time
Interval and the fixed message.
5)
Another variable message can be entered if required.
Note:
DO NOT USE THE % SYMBOL AS THIS INSTRUCTS MEMORY TRANS
FER TO THE REAL CLOCK.
When setting the time add one minute to the actual time to allow the above actions to
take place.
User’s Quick Guide Operating Instructions.
1)
Connect as detailed in Manual
The system will operate when Record ‘On’ is operated and will print as described
without the variable message.
For Data Input From Sharp Pocket Computer.
The computer has been pre-programmed:1) Switch on the computer and plug in.
2)
Timer on 1 sec.
3) Check that computer is in ‘PRO’ mode.
4)
SHIFT M
Note: C SAVE - will appear on the computer.
5)
ENTER (When I/P LED is ON)
‘Busy’ will appear on screen until completion of data entry.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
6)
Variable message will be printed between Run No. and Date.
All clock functions, including the year , will be automatically incremented by the clock curcuit.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
2.20
M2030 Computer Interface.
Introduction
The M2030 Computer Interface provides all the facilities required to interface be
tween a computer and Micro Movements range of Signal Conditioning Amplifiers.
The Interface can be fitted to:M12-150A Recorder
M200/SC Recorder
M1000-24 Signal Conditioning Cabinets
M300
Recorders when used with M1000-24 Cabinets.
Operation
A system schematic of the Interface is shown in Figure 1.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 2.General Information. continued
Multiplexor
A four channel multiplexor is shown in Fig. 1.
The inputs to the multiplexor come from the M1000 series amplifiers and each input can be
selected by the C.P.U. either sequentially or individually.
The output from the multiplexor feeds the Analogue to Digital Converter.
The number of inputs to the multiplexor corresponds to the number of channels in the
system
i.e. 12 20 24 or 30.
The multiplexor is solid state and a channel can be selected and operated by the C.P.U. in
ten microseconds.
Analogue to Digital Converter (A.D.C)
The Analogue input to the ADC comes from the multiplexor and is converted to a 12 bit
binary signal which is transmitted to the Data Bus.
Central Processor Unit
The function of the C.P.U. is to provide all the control functions for the other four elements
in the system.
Computer Interface
The computer interface provides the interface between the Data Bus of the system and the
host device.
There are four communication options available:
1) M1030K Keypad and M11030P Printer
2)
RS232 Serial ASC11 Input and output
3)
Parallel Interface
4)
GPIB/IEEE488
The option required should be specified when the system is ordered.
Recorder Control Interface (Optional)
The Recorder Control Interface provides all the facilities for remote control of the Recorder
by a computer. The following can be controlled:
Paper Speed
Time Line Interval
Stop/Start of motor drive.
M1030K and M1030P
The M1030K Keypad and the M1030P Printer can be used for Data Input and to print the
measured values. The maximum printing speed is 1-4 channels/second depending upon
format. Simple programmes are available with the Keypad at no extra cost.
RS232 & Parallel Interface
With the RS232 and Parallel Interface two data output options are available:1)
B.C.D. 3½ Digits ASCII. This is normally used in conjunction with a Teletype
or Centronics printer.
2)
Binary. This is normally used with a computer (and will be either one or two
bytes per channel for 8 or 12 bit conversion respectively). Up to 10KHz can be
achieved with the Parallel Interface.
IEEE/GPIB Interface
Data is transmitted in Binary format as per the RS232/Parallel Binary Interface.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 3 Installation and Operation
3.1 Introduction
This section contains details of what is supplied and how to prepare the recorder for use.
3.2 Equipment List
The following items are supplied with the recorder:a)
Tungsten halogen lamp, 6 volt, 10 watt (fitted)
1 off
b)
Galvanometer adjusting tool (fitted)
1 off
c)
Free connectors:i)
Power lead with moulded socket
1 off
ii) Signal input - 7 way locking DIN
1 off
supplied with each amplifier ordered with mainframe.
d)
Dust cover
1 off
e)
Instruction Manual
1 off
3.3 Precautions
a)
Lamp
The quartz envelope of the recording lamp should never be touched with bare hands,
as grease marks and sodium salts cause permanent damage to the lamp when hot.
Any marks should be removed with alchohol and a lint free cloth. As the lamp runs
at a high temperature, at least two minutes should be allowed to pass after switching
off before attempting to remove it. (For full details see 4-6).
b)
Dust Cover
The exclusion of dirt from the recorder is of prime importance, since the ingress of
dust impares the performance of the optical components; therefore the dust cover
should always be fitted when the recorder is not in use.
c)
Air Circulation
It is essential that the air vents around the recorder are not blocked while it is in
operation, as adequate ventilation is required to prevent over-heating.
d)
Magnet Block
Do not use steel tools on or near the magnet block, as they can transfer small ferrous
particles on the the pole pieces, which could either distort the flux distribution or
destroy the electrical insulation. Always use the non-magnetic galvanometer adjust
ing tool provided.
e)
Galvanometers
As the galvanometers are precision instruments they should be handled with great
care to avoid damage to the case and the lens. Periodically it is advisable to clean
(with alcohol and a soft cloth) both the galvanometer and the magnet block contacts,
to ensure good electrical contact is made.
f)
Recording Paper
This material has a limited shelf life and must be kept in a cool, dry place to maintain
satisfactory performance. Some deterioration will occur after six months, namely,
loss of contrast and reduction in writing speed. Do not load the paper into the re
corder is strong sunlight as the light tends to de-sensitize the paper and cause excess
wastage because of edge fogging, and fogging through the first few layers of the roll.
g)
Supply Voltage
Before connecting the recorder to the mains, check that the voltage selector has been
set to the correct position for the local supply voltage, and that the appropriate mains
fuse has been fitted. (See 2.15). The supply voltage is selected by means of a rotary
switch located on the rear panel of the unit.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 3 Installation and Operation contd.
h)
Disconnect all input connectors before removing the recorder from its case, espe
cially the power input.
j)
When the recorder is not in use raise the pressure roller flap to release the tension on
the drive roller. The dust cover has been made oversize to allow this.
3.4 Preparing the Recorder for Use.
i)
Check ‘Power On’ switch is Off.
ii)
Insert the mains power lead after reference to (2.15) and (3.3 g).
iii) Insert the galvanometers and their input connectors; for termination details refer to
(2.15).
iv) Insert remote connector if required; for function and termination details refer to
(2.14).
v)
Lift pressure roller flap and open paper cassette. Depress ‘Power On’ switch on front
panel, ensure that the LED illuminates and the main recording light comes on. Select
a chart speed of 30mm/sec. Select timer Off. Check that intensity control is set to
maximum.
vi) Press ‘Record On’ button and check that drive roller at front of cassette rotates.
vii) With Record still ‘On’ switch the Timer to 0.1 secs. Check that the timer flash tube
operates by viewing the final focus lens, you will also hear a clicking noise at the
frequency of 10 per second as each flash occurs.
viii) Press Record Off button, close paper cassette and press down pressure roller flap
until it snaps shut.
3.5 Paper Loading
i)
Lift pressure roller flap by the small handle at the front of the recorder, then pull open
the cassette.
ii)
Remove the recording paper from its wrapping and place it in the cassette, with about
15cm of paper hanging over the drive roller between the points at the top of the
cassette sides. The paper must be free to unroll with the light sensitive surface upper
most.
Note: If difficulty is experienced in getting the paper roll into the cassette, it may be because the
paper has not been rolled evenly and the ends of the roll will be fluctuating in spieal
corugations, increasing the overall width of the paper roll. If this is the case, grip the rill
firmly to prevent it unrolling and hit one end of the roll against a firm flat surface.
iii) Close the cassette until the points at the top of the cassette touch the stop at the back
of the pressure roller flap.
iv) Press down on the pressure roller flap. This will snap shut taking the cassette with it
and gripping the paper, which should be protruding from the front of the recorder.
v)
Pull the paper gently downwards to ensure that it is free to move and coming out of
the recorder squarely.
3.6 Making a Recording
Note: It is recommended that the inexperienced operator should make an experimental run
before an operational recording is attemped, to ascertain the optimum settings for
intensity and speeds.
a)
Switch on the recorder fifteen minutes before the recording is to be made, to enable
the magnet block to reach its stabilised temperature.
b)
Set the galvanometers to the required positions on the viewing screen.
c)
Select a chart speed appropriate to the frequency of the signal to be applied to the
galvanometer, such that the information to be recorded is spaced so that it can be
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 3 Installation and Operation
contd.
d)
3.7
3.8
Select a timer speed that will give times lines not closer than 10mm, and not too far
apart to make accurate measurement difficult. In practice it will probably be found
that 20-30mm apart is satisfactory.
e)
Set the Auto Length Control to give the desired length of chart.
f)
Set the trace intensity to maximum, unless it bas been found from a previous experi
ment that it needs reducing. (Refer to 2.11).
g)
Ensure that the paper has been loaded correctly. (Refer to 3.5).
h)
Depress ‘Record On’ button momentarily and chart will start to drive,
i)
If the auto length control is on ‘Continuous’, depress ‘Record On’ button momentar
ily to terminate recording after the required amount of chart has been exposed.
j)
The recording will start to develop immediately it is exposed to room light, and can
be considered to be fully developed when the base colour of the paper has completely
changed colour. This time will vary with differennt makes and type of paper, (as will
the base colout), and also with ambient light conditions.
k)
Example: A typical recording set up would be as given below:i)
Galvanometer signal 50Hz sine wave.
ii) Time interval at 0.1 sec.
iii) Chart speed 300mm/sec.
iv) Set Auto length control to 0.5 metres.
From these settings it will be seen that 0.5m of paper will be dispensed, with time
lines at 30.0mm intervals and the sine wave will have a period of 6mm equal to 20
millisec. (50Hz).
Switch Off and Storage
a)
Depress the ‘Power’ switch slightly, to release the latch and switch the recorder
‘Off’.
b)
Remove free connectors from rear panel of recorder.
c)
Fold the front feet back.
d)
Lift pressure roller flap to remove pressure from drive roller. Failure to do so causes a
depression to form in the rubber drive roller, which takes some time to come out and
can give rise to excessive vibration if used in this state at high chart speeds.
e)
Fit dust cover.
f)
If the recorder is to be stored for a prolonged period, it is advisable to protect against
the possible effects of moisture by placing a desiccant inside the paper cassette of the
recorder. If silica-gel crystals are used, these should be removed every three months
and re-activated by heating in an oven for one hour at approximately 200 ºc.
Recording Paper
Introduction
The following information is intended to give the user a guide to the materials available
with their advantages and disadvantages, together with some general information on direct
writing materials and how to get the best results. It is stressed that the comments given
below are only the
company’s opinion of these papers and in no way invalidate or criticise the paper manufac
turer’s claimed specification.
General Information
The direct writing paper used in these recorders is a panchromatic material, (sensitive
tolight from 360-620 nanometres) which receives two exposures. The first is when the light
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 3 Installation and Operation
3.8
contd.
Recording Paper contd.
spot from the galvanometer produces the image for recording. The second is an overall
exposure is called by various names: Latensification, photolysis or photo-development. To
obtain optimum results it is best to shield the recording for a short period, before exposing
to a low ambient light for photo-development, (250-500 lux). This method is relatively
slow but gives good contrast and maximum writing speed from the material. A quicker
and more generally used method is to expose to light from a fluorescent tube (1000-1500
lux), this gives rapid photo-development but causes slight loss of contrast and writing
speed.Avoid direct exposure to strong sunlight immediately after recording as this will
destroy the image altogether on some recording materials.
Since these recording papers are designed for use without chemical processing, the image
they produce is not completely permament and will fade if exposed to room light for pro
longed periods, until the image eventually disappears. It is therfore advisable to store
finished records in a dark, dry place.
Improved permanence can be obtained by spraying the photo-developed records with a
yellow stabilizing lacquer, this prevents blue light from reaching the recording and gives
some resistance to fading. This process can be applied to all records, even those made on
papers that cannot be chemically processed. Stability almost up to archival standards can
be achieved if the record is chemically processed, although this is not possible on all mate
rials. After photo-development the record is stabilized by processing in a wet developer,
then fixed and washed in a similar manner to conventional photography.
Various Manufacturers Materials and their Properties.
a)
Kodak type 1895 standard base. 152mm wide x 30 metres long
Kodak type 2022 ultrathin
152mm wide x 30 metres long
Advantaged
The traces are very quick to appear
Contrast is very good
Resistance to fading is quite good
Disadvantages
Paper seems to be rather sensitive to temperature during storage, if it gets warm there
is a loss of writing speed.
Chemical processing is not possible.
b)
Agfa Gevaert type Oscilloscript ‘D’ standard base 152 wide x 30 metres long
thin base
152 wide x 53.4 metres long
Advantages
Writing speed very high
Unaffected by temperature variations
Can be chemically processed
Disadvantages
Photo-development is slow
Contrast not as good as a).
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 4 Operation Maintenance
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
Lubrication
Most of the bearings in the recorder are made of delrin and need no lubricant but there are
a few places where the side loading on the bearings is such that it has been necessary to use
needle rollers and ball races, which do require lubrication at 2000 hour intervals with a
lubricant having a viscosity equivalent to SAE 30.
Caution
When adding lubricant take care to use a small amount, to avoid contact with the rubber
drive roller and the optical surfaces.
The points to be lubricated are as follows:i)
The bearings at each end of the rubber drive roller.
ii)
The needle roller inside the transfer pulley on the right hand side of the paper
cassette.
iii) Roller arm linkage.
Optical Cleaning
i)
The surfaces of all lenses and mirrors must be treated with great care. Some of the
lenses in use are made of plastic and must be treated with special care. The mirrors
are all front surface aluminised and silicon monoxide coated, to give added protec
tion to the very soft surface.
ii)
Grease, oil or fingermarks can be removed from the mirrors and glass lenses with the
aid of alchohol and a soft, non-fibrous tissue paper. Dust is best removed with a
camel hair brush.
Caution
Do not attempt to clean the plastic lenses with any organic solvent.
The grid focussing lens (cylindrical) is made of plastic.
Note: Never attempt to blow our dust with an air line but use of a gentle vacuum is permis
sible.
Magnet Block
It is necessary to remove any magnetic particles that might be accidentally attracted to the
pole piece apertures, since they can interfere with the flux distribution and insulation. They
can generally be removed with either a piece of adhesive tape or a pair of non-ferrous
tweezers.
Removal of the Recorder from its Case
Remove the four screws from the sides of the case. The top of the case can now be lifted
off. The recorder can then be lifted off its base.
Removal of the Control Module from the Recorder
Remove the four screws holding the control module, disconnect the cables and the control
module can be eased backwards from the front panel.
Lamp Removal and Renewal
i)
Remove recorder from its case as in (4.4).
ii) Ensure that recorder has been switched off for at least 2 minutes to allow the lamp
and cover to cool sufficiently.
iii) Remove lamp cover by unscrewing the retaining screw.
iv) Remove lamp from its socket, if it is intended to replace the lamp againn do not
touch the envelope with bare hands, or it will leave marks on the quartz which do
irreparable damage when the lamp is hot.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 4 Operation Maintenance
4.6
contd.
Lamp Removal and Renewal contd.
v)
Replace lamp, (check that it is 6 volts, 10 watt), ensuring that it is not touched with
bare hands (use the cardboard sleeve or plastic cover if it is a new lamp). Ensure that
the clips on the lamp mount are securely holding the pinch area of the envelope.
Note:
In the case of lamps manufactured by Phillips, there is a rib moulded in the quartze,
parallel to the terminal pins, which must engage in a groove formed in the lamp mount clip.
Lamps manufactured by Atlas have the rib moulded in the quartze perdendicular to the
terminal pins and when the lamp is fully inserted in the lamp mount, the clips will drop
over the rib holding the lamp securely.
vi) When the lamp is in position, replace the lamp cover and retaining screw.
vii) Replace the power lead and switch on the recorder. It is also helpful to remove the
Galvanometer Adjusting Tool. Fit an amplifier into channel 6.
Adjust the position of the lamp assenbly vertically and laterally to position the Light
Spot centrally about the hole in the amplifier haaandle in channel 6.
Switch off and remove the power lead.
viii) Replace the recorder in its case and replace the four screws.
Note: exposure to light, which develops the image to produce the finalished record. This second
In the event of the lamp needing cleaning, switch off and allow to cool, remove and clean
with alcohol and non-fibrous tissur paper.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 5
Signal Conditioning
5.1
Introduction
The Series M12-150A Oscillograph is configured to accept a range of plug-in signal condi
tioners and data amplifiers and can thus be used as a completely self-contained data acqui
sition/recording system (up to 12 channels) with a very wide range of transducers, such as
load cells, thermocouples, strain gauges, pressure transducers, accelerometers, flowmeters,
displacement transducers, etc. The standard range of modules includes:Transucer Power Supply
A highly stable D.C. supply, adjustable in 1v increments from 3 to 12 volts, for energising
any type of resistive transducer, as described under Section 2.18 f) and g).
Calibration
Calibration voltage is provided for setting-up system sensitivity as described in Section
2.18 h) and j).
Amplifier Power Supply
The signal conditioning is provided with a stabilised +/- 12v D.C. supply to energise
M1000 series amplifier modules and may also be used to energised certain types of trans
ducers, e.g. D.C./D.C. L.V.D.T.s, servo accelerometers, etc.
5.2
M1020 Designers Module
A matrix-pattern printed circuit card contained within a standard amplifier module which
enables non-standard circuits, ‘specials’, etc. to be utilised within the M12-150A system.
Input, output, power supplies, calibration etc. are all accessed via the module connector.
M1036 Transient Capture Module
Digital waveform storage/replay module with variable sampling frequency up to 100KHz,
variable bipolar trigger level and variable pre-event recording. Includes separate buffered
output to
oscillograph.
M1049 Oscillator/Amplifier/Demodulator/Filter
For energisation and conditioning of variable reluctance transducers, differential transform
ers, a.c.-excited L.V.D.T.S,etc. With built-in, continuously variable, stored calibration
facility.
Separately controlled buffered voltage output to drive tape recorders, etc.
M1055 Pasive Conditioner
Universal module with bridge balance span adjust and shunt calibration controls, for resis
tive transducers. Range adjustable by resistor-change to match most inputs to low-fre
quency
galvanometers.
M1060 High Gain D.C. Amplifier
Differential amplifier for use with most types of low-level transducers, e.g. strain gauges in
1,2 or4 active arm configuration, bonded and unbonded strain gauge transducers, load
cells, etc. Separately controlled buffered voltage output todrive tape recorders etc.
M1061 Thermocouple Amplifier
For use with thermocouples and similar low-level devices. Full scale output for 1mV to
100mV input. Separately controlled buffered voltage output to drive tape recorders, etc.
C1061/R
Special connetor with integral reference junction for above.
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 5
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
5.14
Signal Conditioning contd.
M1070 Attenuator Amplifier
General purpose unit for medium to high level inputs, e.g. potentiometric transducers,
D.C./D.C. L.V.D.T.s, servo accelerometers, tape replay amplifiers, etc. Separately control
led buffered voltage output to drive tape recorders, etc.
C1070/H
High impedance adaptor, for operation of M1070 with piezo-electric sensors or signals
with very high source impedance.
C104
Special connector with 80dB balanced attenuator network for high voltages ( up to 500v
r.m.s.).
M1071 Variable Attenuator
Resistive network to provide attenuation, matching and damping between high level inputs
and most types of galvanometers. Separately controlled buffered voltage output to drive
tape recorders, etc.
M1073 RMS/D.C. Converter
Precision rectifier unit for monitoring amplitude changes in a.c. waveforms. Includes
separate buffered voltage output for tape recording, etc.
M1080 Frequency / D.C. Converter
For use with impeller flowmeters, magnetic or photo-electric r.p.m. pickups, tachometers,
vibration pickups, etc.
Separately controlled buffered voltage output to drive tape recorders, etc.
M1085 Frequency Calibrator
Nine calibrated ranges from 20Hz to 10KHz. (For in situcalibration of the M1080.
Additionally Micro Movements has built up a library of ‘specials’ curcuits for non-stand
ard application, including active filters, sample and hold modules, integrators, power
amplifiers, etc.
M1088, M1088-P
Channel Completion Card
General Notes.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1036 Transient Capture Module.
M1036 Front Panel Controls
The Time Base is adjustable from 20.48 milliseconds to 20.48 seconds in 10 steps.
A Time Base is chosen to give the data required with the best resolution possible: e.g., if
the Time Base is set to 1.024 seconds the sampling rate is 2KHz and a 200Hz signal can be
reconstituted with 10 samples. If higher frequencies are present it would be necessary to
reduce the time base to obtain a clear trace.
Trigger
% Pre-Event
The % Pre-Event switch has 5 positions and allows selection of data that occurred before
the transient. For initial investigations a pre-event setting of 25% will give a compromise
of 25% of the time base before the transient and 75% after the transient.
Set Level
The ‘Set Level’ potentiometer allows the settings of the Trigger Level from 0 to F.S.D.
(normally 5v).
Polarity
The Polarity switch is a 2 position switch for selection of the polarity of the trigger signal.
Gain Controls, Galvanometer and Voltage Output
The two controls are independent and provide adjustment of the galvanometer output
signal and voltage output signal from the M1036.
Output
The output can be switched for use with an oscilloscope (Scope) or to the recorder (Chart).
In the ‘Scope’ position, the memory is cintinuously read at maximum speed to give an
output to an oscilloscope. The clock frequency is 100KHz and the time base 20.48 milli
seconds.
In the ‘Chart’ position, there are two modes of operation, Manual and Auto. The ‘Manual’
is the normal position and once a transient has been captured it can be replayed onto the
recorder.
Example
Assume a transient has been captured on the 100 milliseconds time base and there are 2048
samples which were taken at a sampling rate of 20KHz.
Set the Time Base to 1 second and the recorder speed to 100mm/sec.
Press the Record ‘On’ on the recorder. The contents of memory will then be replayed on
the recorder over 100mm of paper. Pull the paper forward for 5 cm to ensure all the record
is taken.
If the record is suitable but improved resolution is required, the time base can be set to 2
seconds and again Record ‘On’ is pressed. The record will now be expanded over 200mm
of paper. This process can be repeated togive the optimum resolution.
Auto
The ‘Auto’ position is a Real Time mode and is designed for the user who wishes to have a
recorder on stand-by awaiting a transient. When the transient occurs it is stored in memory
and subsequently replayed onto the chart. The M1036 is then automatically reset for the
next transient. In this mode the Pre Trigger would usually be set to 50% or more in order
that data prior to event is captured.
A typical application of this feature would be in the Power Industry, for measuring line
transient.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1036 Transient Capture Module.
contd.
Installation with M12-150A Recorder
The M1036 is supplied with all the interconnecting cables for operation with an M1000
seriesamplifier, e.g. M1060, M1070, etc. (referred to as M1060 for the remaining text).
As it is necessary to connect the voltage output of the M1060 to the input of the M1036,
the channels have been designated. If a single M1036 is used it is deemed that channels 2
and 3 will be used for the M1036. For multichannel systems the channels designated are
supplied with the M1036.
To instal a single channel, plug the M1060 into channel 1 and the M1036 into channel 3.
Plug in the 3 connectors:1)
Remote Control connector (5 pin DIN)
2)
Channel 1 Voltage Output connector (B.N.C.)
3)
Input to channel 3 (7 pin DIN)
Insert an M1600-H galvanometer into channel 3.
Check the voltage output of the M1060 in channel 1 on the monitor.
The voltage output of the M1036 is available on the rear panel on channel 3 B.N.C. con
nector.
Calibration with an M1060 Amplifier and M1600-H Galvanometer
Refer to the calibration section of the manual for the particular amplifier being used.
The amplifier should be calibrated to give 5 volts output for full scale. Best results can be
obtained by turning the tape potentiometer fully anti-clockwise before starting the calibration and
using the fine and coarse gain controls if possible.
M1036 initial Settings
1)
Time Base set to 1 second
2)
Pre-Event to 25%
3)
Trigger Level fully clockwise
4)
Galvanometer fully clockwise
5)
Tape potentiometer fully clockwise
Galvanometer Position
With the M1036 unplugged, position the galvanometer in channel 5 as required, e.g.if the
signal is bidirectional, a centre position should be used and for unidirectional signals a
position nearer the edge of the chart is more suitable. Using the zero balance on the M1060
adjust the Output Voltage to +5v. KEEP the RESET button on the M1036 depressed and
adjust the Galvanometer Potentiometer of the M1036 to give the required deflection, e.g.
5cm.
Keeping the RESET button depressed adjust the Zero balance of the M1060 to the
desired trigger level, e.g. 3v on the Monitor or 3cm on the Chart.
Turn the Trigger Level Potentiometer anti-clockwise until the Trigger Lamp is ‘On’.
Release the RESET button.
The M1036 is now calibrated and ready for use.
Operation
1)
Select a suitable time base within the range 20 milliseconds to 20 seconds.
2)
Set the Pre-Trigger Level. If little is known of the transient, 25% is a good starting
value thus giving some pre-event data and the maximum afterwards.
3)
Select positive or negative trigger level.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1036 Transient Capture Module. contd.
Operation contd.
4)
Select Manual/Auto and Oscilloscope/Chart. Normal operation settings would be
Manual and Chart.
5)
The M1036 is now armed and will start to capture a signal whenever the Trigger
Level has been exceeded. The transient will be captured after a time which is a
function of the time base and the % Pre-Trigger.
e.g. If the time base is 4 seconds and the Pre-Trigger set to 75% the capture will be
complete 1 second after the trigger occured.
The completion of capture is shown by the indicator on the front panel. Once this has
occured the memory retains the captured data until the M1036 is re-armed with the
RESET button.
Chart Playback
1)
Select 100mm/sec. chart speed on the recorder.
2)
Select a Time Base of 2 secs. on the M1036.
3)
Press ‘RECORD ON’ push button on the recorder. The recorder will now record
200mm of paper and then automatically switch off.
4)
If further resolution is required the Time Base can be switched to 4 seconds and the
process repeated. In this case 400mm of paper will be recorded.
5)
After a satisfactory record has been obtained the M1036 can be RESET for the next
operation.
Oscilloscope Playback
In this mode the playback is fixed at 20 milliseconds and is continuous. The wave
form can be observed on the oscilloscope by connecting to the B.N.C. Voltage Output
Connector.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1049 Mk.11 Oscillator/Amplifier/Demodulator
Description
The M1049 is a self-contained carrier oscillator, amplifier, demodulator and filter which is
primarily intended for operation with inductive transducers in half or full bridge
configuration, e.g. variable reluctance transducers, differential transformers (L.V.D.T.’s),
etc.
Features include low noise and high bandwidth for this type of system, full input protection
up to +/- 30v, wide dynamic range and galvanometer protection by output current limiting.
Controls (External)
‘Shift
This is a 22-turn potentiometer which functions as a transducer balance, or input offset
control. Its range can be preset internally to be compatible with any type of A.C. trans
ducer.
‘Span’
This is a rotary switch for coarse gain control, the gain changes by a factor of 2 on each
succussive step as shown below.
Position Typical Maximum Input for 5cm Deflection
0
10mV
1
20mV
2
40mV
3
80mV
4
160mV
5
320mV
6
640mV
‘Fine’
This is a 15-turn potentiometer which interpolates the gain steps so that the gain is continu
ously variable over the switched range. (the indicated sensitivities in mV for f.s.d. apply
with the fine control set in the fully clockwise position).
‘Tape’
A separate amplifier is incorporated to give a buffered voltage output from the unit to drive
oscilloscopes, tape recorders, etc. via the ‘Voltage Outputs’ plug located on the cabinet rear
panel. This is adjustable by means of a 15-turn potentiometer on the front panel over the
range 1-2v.
‘Mode’
A toggle switch enables the user to select the Operational mode or Calibration mode of the
unit
In the operational mode (‘Run’) the input terminals are directly connected to the transducer
via pins 4 and 5 of the Signal Input connector on the rear of the cabinet.
The switch has two other positions designed ‘Off’ and ‘Cal’. In the Off position the input
of the amplifier is grounded and in Cal position a preset input is connected to the amplifier.
This level may be set by the switches on the side of the module.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1049 Mk.11 Oscillator/Amplifier/Demodulator contd.
Bridge Completion
The M1049 will operate directly with transducers in the hald or full bridge mode.
(See ‘Typical Input Circuits’.)
Zero Balance Range
There are three Zero Balance ranges which can be preset by the switches on the side of the
module.
Switch 3
Range
Pole 4
Pole 5
Typical Applications
Fine
Medium
Coarse
On
Off
Off
OFF
On
Off
Bridges with close balance (within +/- 0.2%)
Indictive Pressure Transducers with balance +/- 2%
L.V.D.T.’s with balance +/- 10%
Calibration Level
There are three calibration voltages which can be set by the switches on the side of the module.
Switch 3
Range
Pole 1
Pole 2
Pole 3
Calibration
Typical Application
Low
Medium
ducer
High
On
Off
Off
On
Off
Off
5mV r.m.s.
20mV r.m.s.
Resistance Bridge
Inductive Pressure Trans-
Off
Off
On
100mV r.m.s.
L.V.D.T.’s
The Amplifier has a separate buffered voltage output which appears on a socket at the rear of the
recorder/signal conditioning cabinet. The nominal output level with a 10cm deflection on the
galvanometer can be adjusted by means of the potentiometer marked ‘Tape’ between 1v and 2v
(approximately).
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1049 Mk.11 Oscillator/Amplifier/Demodulator contd.
Specification
Input Configuration
Input Impedance
Input Mode
:
:
:
2)
3)
4)
:
:
:
:
:
:
Input Range
Common Mode Rejection
Noise
Drift
Bandwidth
Gain
Transducer Supply (Voltage)
Transducer Supply (Frequency)
Minimum load impedance
Balance Control
Output Voltage
Output Impedance (Voltage)
Output (Current)
Output Impedance (Current)
Package
:
:
:
:
High Gain Differential
200K ohms Differential
1)
L.V.D.T.’s
Variable Reluctance Transducer
Piezoresistive Transducer
M10-24 Proximity Transducer
Up to 500mV
60dB
Less than 0.1% (r.t.o.)
Less than 0.1% (r.t.o.)
D.C. to 1KHz
25 to 3200 in 7 switched steps with interpolate
control (1.5mV/V/10cm to 100mV/V/10cm)
:
2V r.m.s. +/- 1%
:
3KHz +/- 5%
:
350 ohms
:
Fine +/- 0.2% δΖ/Ζ nominal
Medium +/- 2%δ Z/Z nominal
Coarse +/- 10% δ Ζ/Ζ nominal
(selected with internal DIL switch)
:
Up to +/- 2V D.C.
0.5 ohms
+/- 10mA into 120ohms
250 ohms
Standard M1000 series module
Typical Input Circuits
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1049 Mk.11 Oscillator/Amplifier/Demodulator contd.
Operation and Calibration
The M1049 amplifier should be preset as per the tables showing the Zero Balance Range
and the Calibration Level.
Example 1 L.V.D.T. (Displacement Transducer)
An L.V.D.T. has a range of +/- 50mm and a calibration factor of 0.09mV/0.1mm/V. It is
required to scale the recorder for 100mm deflection and a voltage output of 1.000v for the
full scale of the L.V.D.T., i.e. 100mm linear movement.
The oscillator in the M1049 has an output of 2.ooV r.m.s. and therefore the output voltage
from the transducer is: 0.09 x 10 x 100 x 2 = 180mV
The nearest calibration voltage from the M1049 is 100mV.
The calibration voltage from the transducer is 180mV for 100mm movement,
.. movement = 100 = 55.6mm
180
The deflection required on the recorder is 100mm for 100mm linear movement of the
transducer
.. Deflection on recorder = 55.6mm for a 100mV signal.
Preset the Controls as follows:M1049 Front Panel
Preset Value
Zero Balance
*
Range switch
Position 4
Fine Gain
Fully anticlockwise
Tape
Fully anticlockwise
Run/Off/Cal switch
Centre Position, Off
Switch on side of module
Pole 1
100mV Cal
Pole 2
Pole 3
Pole 4
Coarse Zero Bal
Pole 5
Coarse Zero Bal
Pole 6
Optional third arm
Monitor Unit Controls
Monitor Range Switch
Monitor Ch.No./Cal Switch
Galvo On/Off switch
Channel
Bridge Voltage
Bridge On/Off
Calibration +/Off/Calibration Fine
Calibration Range
Off
Off
On
Off
Off
Off
1.999
Ch No.
Off
N
*
Off
*
*
*
* Not important
N Corresponding to channel being calibrated.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1049 Mk.11 Oscillator/Amplifier/Demodulator contd.
Note:
a)
b)
On the M12-150A the ‘Galvo’ On/Off’ switch is fitted inside the Signal Conditioning
access hatch on the top of the instrument.
This feature is not fitted to M1000-6 or M10-120A.
Calibration Procedure
1)
Recorders Only.
Use the galvanometer tool to rotate the galvanometer to align the spot to position ‘11’ on
the viewing scale.
(Note: If all channels are not in use it is preferable to use the centre channela for the best
optical fidelity, e.g.Channels 3 through to 7.)
2)
Galvo. On/Off switch to ‘ON’
(This switch provided power to the amplifiers.) Rotate the shift control to set the monitor
voltage to 0.00V. Observe the galvo spot on the viewing scale, it should be on the position
as set in 1). i.e. 11.
If it is not, check the procedures again. Otherwise there is a fault in the amplifier.
3)
Run/Off/Cal switch to Cal
Use the fine gain potentiometer to set the spot to give a deflection of 5.56cm on the view
ing scale, i.e. 11- 5.56 = 5.44.
4)
Use the Tape potentiometer to set the Monitor display to 1.112 volts.
5)
Run/Off/Cal switch to Run
Position the L.V.D.T. armature to a known position, e.g. centre point.
Use the Zero balance to adjust the monitor to the corresponding value, e.g. the centre point
would be 1.00 volts.
The system is now fully calibrated and ready for use.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1055 Passive Conditioner
M1055 is a passive network designed to interface low frequency galvanometers with most
types of resistive transducers. The unit can be made to condition most types of strain
gauges, pressure transducers, load cells, potentimetric transducers, etc. (Consult factory
for specific applications).
Front Panel Controls
‘Zero’
This is a 22-turn potentiometer which normally functions as a bridge balance control, but
may be used to perform other functions, (e.g. ‘live’ zero suppression, output shift, etc.)
‘Span’
A five position rotary switch allows a wide range of input signals to be matched to low
frequency galvanometers in 10:1 steps (see table below) while a 15-turn potentiometer
provides interpolation between steps over the complete range.
Input for 10cm deflection approx. (Fine control fully clockwise)
Switch Position M20-S
M40-S
M65-S
M100-S M150-S M250-S
1
25mV
75mV
100mV
125mV
250mV
650mV
10
250mV
750mV
1V
1.25V
2.5V
6.5V
100
2.5V
7.5V
10V
12.5V
25V
65V
1000
25V
75V
100V
-
M400-S
2.5V
25V
-
Note: The figures shown relate to Micro Movements recorders with 15cm optical arm (e.g. M10120A, M12-150A). For recorders with 30cm optical arm (e.g. M200H, M300H), the
deflection would be 20cm.
‘Tape’
A separate buffer amplifier is fitted to give a low impedance voltage output to drive tape
recorders, oscilloscopes, data loggers, etc. The gain of this amplifier is controlled by a 15turn front panel mounted potentiometer.
‘Run/Cal’
A two pole toggle switch is fitted to permit in situ calibration. In the ‘Run’ position the
Conditioner input is connected to pins 4 and 5 on the Signal Input connector, (i.e. to the
output terminals of the transducer). In the ‘Cal’ mode the unit may be connected to the
internally derived Calibration network or it may connect a shunt calibration resistor.
Overload Capability
The input signal should not exeed 25V, otherwise it is possible to overload the
galvanometer.
Bridge Completion
The module may be used with resistive bridge networks in the 1, 2 or 4 arm mode. In the 1
or 2
arm mode bridge completion is achieved by connecting dummy bridge arms within
the module by
means of an internal switch (SW2).
The switch is a 6 pole 2 position type, of which Poles 1,2 and 3 are concerned with bridge
conditioning, as follows:Full Bridge
:
In this case the bridge is completed within the transducer, therefore poles
1,2 and 3 should be in the ‘Open’ position.
Half Bridge
:
Poles 1 and 2 are ‘On’, bringing in two 499 ohm dummy arms
(R1 and R2).
Pole 3 remains ‘Open’
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1055 Passive Conditioner
Quarter Bridge
:
Poles 1,2 and 3 are ‘On’. Note that closing Pole 3 brings in R3, which is
normally 120 ohms. If the resistance of the single external bridge arm is
differ ent from this value R3 must be changed to match it. refer to Drg.
B0227/1.
Ground Reference
In applications where the signal source has no connection to ground, (e.g. battery operated
systems), it may be desired to connect the ‘Input Lo’ of the module to ground inter
nally for best noise performance. Pole 6 of SW1 gives this connection when switched to
the ‘On’ position.
Specification
Input Configuration
:
Passive differential
Input Impedance
:
2 to 220K dependent upon range.
Input Mode
:
Resistive bridge in 1,2 or 4 arm connection.
Input Range
:
Up to 5V D.C.
Maximum Input
:
25V D.C.
Bandwidth
:
D.C. - 5 KHz
Gain
:
See chart on previous page.
Output Voltage
:
10 - 100mV max
Output Impedance(Voltage :
0.5 ohms
Output Current (Galvo)
:
See chart
Typical Input Circuits
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1060 Strain Gauge Amplifier
M1060 is a high gain differential-input D.C. amplifier primarily intended for operation
with strain gauges in 1,2 or 4 external arm modes, load cells, pressure transducers and
similar low-level sensors.
Featurs include high input impedance, low noise and drift, full input protection up to 30V
differential, wide dynamic range and galvanometer protection by output current-limiting.
Front Panel Controls
‘Zero’
This is a 22-turn potentiometer which functions as a bridge balance or input offset control.
Its range is approximately +/- 20mV at the input terminals (+/-4000 microstrain at 10v
bridge excitation). However, the range can be modified by internal adjustment, (See : Zero
Balance Range).
‘Span’
The amplifier span (gain) is set by two controls, coarse and fine, which cover the approxi
mate range 20 to 5000:1. The coarse contarol is a 10-position rotary switch calibrated such
that in each successive position the gain is halved, viz:
Position
Gain(approx)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
00
5000
2500
1250
625
312
156
78
39
20
0.5
Typical input for 5cm deflection with M1600H / M12-150A
min. (mV).
Max. (mV).
0.4
0.7
0.7
1.5
1.5
3
3
6
6
11
11
22
22
45
45
90
90
175
n.a.
n.a.
The fine control is a 15-turn potentiometer which interpolates the gain steps so that the
gain is continuously variable over the switched range.
‘Tape’
A separate amplifier is incorporated to give a buffered voltage output from the unit to drive
oscilloscopes, tape recorders, etc. via the ‘Voltage Output’ connector located on the cabinet
rear panel. This is adjustable by means of a 15-turn potentiometer on the module front
panel up to +/- 2V D.C.
‘Mode’
A toggle switch enables the amplifier to be used easily in the Operation or Calibration
mode.
In the Operation (‘Run’) position the amplifier input terminals are directly connected to the
transducer via pins 4 and 5 on the Signal Input connector. (See also ‘Calibration’ Section).
In the Calibration (‘Cal’) position the input is connected to a D.C. calibration voltage
derived from the recorder or signal conditioning cabinet being used.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1060 Strain Gauge Amplifier
contd.
Controls (Internal)
Gauge Excitation
The 3 - 12v D.C. transducer supply M1015) appears on pins 1 and 2 of the amplifier. These
are connected (via R1 and R2) to pins 3 and 4, which in turn are connected to pins 1 and 2
on the 7 pin Signal Input connector at the rear of the instrument. Thus the transducer can
not be energised unless there is an amplifier present in that particular channel. Note that the
amplifier is normally supplied with R1 and R2 replaced by wire links so that the full supply
(3-12v D.C. as selected by the ‘Bridge Volts’ switch) appears across the transducer. How
ever, if a reduced supply is re quired on a particular channel these may be replaced by
resistors of the appropriate value to act as ‘droppers’ in the supply lines.
For Example:
With 10v excitation selected, a particular strain gauge bridge is required to be
energised with 2.5v.
Bridge resistance
=
120 ohms
Bridge excitation
=
2.5v
Volt drop required
=
7.5v
∴ Ρ1 + Ρ2
=
120x7.5
2.5
So R1 and R2 are 180 ohms each.
Provision is also made to reverse the excitation polarity by means of links, (‘A or B’), on
the board, or of course this may also be achieved by reversing pins 1 and 2 on the Signal
Input connector.
Zero Balance Range
Bridge balance is set by a 22-turn potentiometer which has a nominal range of +/- 20mV at
the input (+/-4000 microstrain for 10v bridge excitation). For transducers with a very large
residual unbalance the range of this control may be increased by the adjustment of R10.
Bridge Completion
The amplifier may be used with resistive bridge networks in the 1,2 or 4 arm mode. In the
1 or 2 arm mode bridge completion is achieved by connecting dummy bridge arms within
the amplifier by means of an internal switch (SW2).
The switch is a 6-pole 2-position type, of which poles 1, 2 and 3 are concerned with bridge
completion. The dummy bridge arms should be switched in according to the input configu
ration, as follows:Full Bridge
:
In this case the bridge is compleded within the transducer, therefore
poles 1,2 and 3 should be in the ‘Open’ position.
Half Bridge
:
Poles 1 and 2 are ‘Closed’, bringing in two 499 ohm dummy arms
(R25 and R26). Pole 3 remains ‘Open’.
Quarter Bridge :
Poles 1,2 and 3 are ‘Closed’. Note that closing Pole 3 brings in
R27, which is normally 120 ohms. If the resistance of the single
extenal bridge arm is different from the value R27 must be changed
to match it.
For the correct external bridge connections refer to Drg. B0227/1.
(See also: ‘Typical Input Circuits’).
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1060 Strain Gauge Amplifier
contd.
Low Noise Operation
To minimise output noise at high gains a low pass filter can be switched in by closing Poles
4 and 5 of SW2. This, however, has the effect of reducing the bandwidth to approximately
150Hz.
Voltage Output Range
The amplifier has a separate buffered voltage output which appears on the ‘Voltage Output’
socket on the rear of the instrument. The nominal output level with a 10cm deflection on
the galvanometer can be adjusted by means of the potentiometer marked ‘Tape’ up to +/_
2V D.C.
Specification
Input Configuration
Input Impedance
Input Mode
:
:
:
2)
Input Range
Maximum Input
Common Mode Rejection
Noise
Drift
Bandwidth
Gain
Output (Voltage)
Output Impedance (Voltage)
Output (Current)
Output Impedance (Current)
Package
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
High Gain Differential
1 Megohm Differential
1)
Resistive bridge in 1,2 or 4 arm connection with
internal bridge completion.
Low level signals generally.
:
Up to 500mV (Approx)
30V D.C.
90dB (D.C. to 60Hz)
Less than 5 microvolts r.m.s. (r.t.i.) at max. gain
Less than 2 microvolts/ °C (r/t/i/) at max. gain
D.C. - 5KHz
20-5000 in switched steps with interpolate control
Up to +/- 2V D.C>
0.5 ohms
+/- 10mA into 120 ohms
250 ohms
Standard M1000 series module.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
.
Typical Input Circuits.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1060 Strain Gauge Amplifier contd.
Calibration
Note 1.
A true calibration of any system can only be achieved by applying a known physical
stimulus to the sensor, for example, if the sensor is a pressure transducer, by the use
of a deadweight tester, or, in the case of a load cell, by applying known weights, etc.
The M1016 calibrator works by removing the output connections from the transducer
and injecting a known D.C. voltage intothe amplifier input which corresponds to the
signal produced by the transducer for a given stimulus, this bring determined by
reference to the manufacturer’s test certificate for the transducer.
Note 2.
Confusion is sometimes caused during the calibration procedure due to the apparent
‘zero shift’ produced by the different operating modes. It is important for the user to
understand why this may occur and how to correct for it. There are basically three
‘zero’ modes to consider:
a)
The galvanometer zero:
that is, the true mechanical zero when no current is flowing
through the coil. The best way to determine this is to switch the supply to the
amplifier off and then the galvanometer may be rotated so that the spot is focussed at
the point on the chart where the zero for that particular channel is required. The
Galvo. On/Off switch is used for this purpose.
b)
The amplifier zero.
The M1060 module has a variable zero, which is controlled by
the potentiometer marked ‘Zero’. In practice the amplifier zero should be made
coincident with the galvanometer zero by the use of this control. Switch the mode
switch on the amplifier to Cal and the Ch. No./Cal switch on the recorder to Ch.No.
The meter should read 0.00V. Adjust using the ‘zero’ potentiometer.
c)
The sensor zero. Virtually all sensors, except some self-generating types, have a residual
zero offset, that is an output which is present when no physical stimulus is applied by
the system undertest. This may be due to the sensor itself, e.g.mis-match between
strain gauges in a Wheatstone bridge, or to physical effects, e.g. an accelerometer
would have an output equivalent to 1g in the vertical plane, an absolute pressure
transducer would have an output equivalent to ambient barometric pressure, etc. or a
combination of both these conditions. This offset can be nulled by the amplifier zero
control, as in b) above.
There are two further considerations regarding the ‘zero’ condition:
i)
If a sensor is calibrated in the labatory and then taken out and mounted on the system
under test there may be a difference in the zero due to a change in temperature or
mounting stresses, etc, and this should simply be nulled off as in b) above, the cali
bration is normally unaffected.
ii)
When the amplifier is switched from ‘Run’ to ‘Cal’ mode there may be a zero shift
due to a change in input conditions. This can be nulled as before without any effect
on the calibration.
Mode Switch (Amplifier).
This is usually a 2-pole changeover switch connected to the amplifier input terminals.
1)
In the Operation (‘Run’) position the amplifier input is connected directly to the signal
source (usually a transducer) via pins 4 and 5 on the Signal Input connector at the rear of
the instrument.
2)
In the Calibration (‘Cal’) position the input is connected to a calibration voltage derived
from the recorder or signal conditioning cabinet.
3)
There are some versions of the M1060 module which are fitted with other types of calibra
tion facility (e.g. ‘Shunt’ cal.). If in doubt consult the factory.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1060 Strain Gauge Amplifier contd.
Calibration
A typical calibration procedure for one channel would be as follows:
Suppose that we have, say, a pressure transducer with a nominal output of 40mV for full
scale pressure with 10V excitation (typical for an unbonded strain gauge type). However, it
is unlikely that any particular transducer would have an output of exactly 40mV, more
likely it would be somewhere within +/_10% of this value. So, we look at the manufactur
er’s calibration certificate supplied with the transducer and see that this is a 75 p.s.i. unit
which has an output of +38.68mV at 75 p.s.i. energisedwith a 10v D.C. supply. (Note: If
energised by a different supply the output is normally pro-rata but the temperature coeffi
cient is sometimes degraded.) We also see that it has a zero unbalance (i.e. an output when
no pressure is applied) of -2.97mV. Therefore the total output change for 75 p.s.i. applied is
the sum of these two (because the zero unbalance happens to be negative):
38.68+2.97=41.65mV. We also decide that it would be sensible if we made 75 p.s.i. equiva
lent to 7.5cm excursion on the chart so that in analysis one can read the pressure
direct from the grid lines (1cm=10p.s.i. etc.)
Thus the calibration figure would be 41.65 x 10 = 55.5mV for 10cm deflection.7.5
The Controls Require Presetting As Follows:
M1060 Front Panel Controls
Preset Value
Zero balance potentiometer
*
Range switch (See chart on page 1)
6
Fine Gain
Fully anticlockwise
Tape control
Fully anticlockwise
Run/Cal switch
Cal.
Switch on side of module
1
Half Bridge
2
Half Bridge
3
Quarter Bridge
4
Low Pass filter
5
Low Pass filter
6
Not Used
Monitor Unit controls
Monitor Range Switch
Monitor Ch. No./Cal Switch
Galvo On/Off
Channel
Bridge Voltage
(as required for transducer)
Bridge On/Off
Calibrate +/Off/Calibrate Fine
Calibrate Range
Off
Off
Off
Off
Off
Off
19.99
Cal
Off
N
10V
Off
+
*
10V
* Not important
N Corresponding to channel being calibrated.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1060 Strain Gauge Amplifier contd.
Note:
a)
On the M12-150A the ‘Galvo. On/Off’ switch is fitted inside the Signal Conditioning
access hatch on top of the instrument.
b)
This feature is not fitted to M1000-6 or M10-120A.
Procedure
1)
Using the Calibration Fine potentiometer set the voltage on the Monitor to 5.55V.
2)
Turn Calibrate range to 100mV. There will now be 55.5mV on the mainframe calibration
bus.
3)
Recorders only. Use the galvanometer tool to rotate the galvanometer to align the spot to
position ‘11’ on the viewing scale.
(Note: If all channels are not in use, it is preferable to use the centre channels for the best
optical fidelity, e.g. Channels 3 through to 7.)
4)
Galvo. On/Off switch to ‘ON’. (This switch provides power to the amplifiers.)
Calibrate +/Off/- switch to OFF
Monitor Ch. No./Cal switch to Ch. No.
5)
Adjust the Zero balance potentiometer on the amplifier to give 0.00v on the monitor.
Observe the galvo. spot , it should correspond to the position set in 3) i.e. 11. If there is a
discrepancy, recheck , as either the amplifier is faulty or there has been a wrong setting.
6)
Calibrate +/OFF/- switch to +.
Adjust the spot deflection to 10cm. i.e. position ‘1’ on the viewing scale using the Fine
gain control on the amplifier. If 10cm cannot be achieved turn the Range switch one posi
tion clock wise to increase the gain by 2, then reduce the Fine gain to re-adjust to 10cm.
7)
Using the Tape potentiometer on the amplifier, set the monitor voltage to a suitable value,
e.g. 2.00v. At this stage the system has been calibrated for a sensitivity of 1cm/10 p.s.i. on
the
recorder and a voltage output of 200mV per 10 p.s.i.
8)
Calibrate +/Off/- switch to OFF.
If there has been a change from the original settings of ‘11’ on the graticule or 0.00V on the
monitor repeat the above procedure from the original preset values in order to fine tune the
system.
9)
Run/Cal switch on the amplifier to RUN.
Use the Zero balance potentiometer to set 0.000V on the monitor. The galvanometer spot
should still correspond to position ‘11’ on the viewing scale.
10) Bridge ON/OFF switch to ‘ON’.
The zero will almost certainly move due to residual zero offset (see page 5 of this section).
Use the Zero control to position the spot to the original zero position, i.e. ‘11’ on the
graticule.
11) The system is now fully calibrated and ready for use.
If a different position is preferred, for the galvo. mechanical zero, set the Galvo. ON/OFF
switch to the ‘OFF’ position before moving the galvo.
Then return the switch to ‘ON’ after the galvo. has been set.
12) If after 10), the galvo. or voltmeter are completely off scale note the position of the range
switch and temporarily reduce the gain of the amplifier by turning the range switch anticlockwise one or two positions to find the spot and then re-balance. If it still cannot be rebalanced there must be a fault in the bridge circuit, all four arms of the bridge should be
checked at the free connector.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1060/S31 Strain Gauge Amplifier
1)
2)
3)
4)
A modified version of the M1060 is available for operation with potentiometric transduc
ers.
This differs from the standard unit in the following ways:
A balanced differential transducer supply (+/- 6.2V) is incorporated using matched zener
diodes.
The zero control is matched to a potentiometric input and gives back-off facilities over the
full-scale range of the transducer.
The gain of the amplifier is reduced by a factor of 20.
The unit is identified by coloured dots (orange and brown) on the handle.
For circuit details refer to Drg. B1749-31.
Typical Input Circuits.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1061 Thermocouple Amplifier
Description
M1061 is a high gain amplifier for use with thermocouples and similar low-level sources.
(A special input connector, type C1061/R, with a built-in cold junction reference, is avail
able for use with this module).
Features include high input impedance, low noise and drift and input protection up to +/12V across the input terminals.
Controls
‘Offset’
A 22-turn potentiometer which acts as a back-off or input offset control enabling the output
to be shifted over plus and minus full scale range.
‘mV f.s.d.’
The gain of the amplifier is set by coarse and fine controls, the coarse control being a rotary
switch calibrated in input millivolts for full-scale output in the following steps:
100mV
30mV
10mV
3mV
1mv
The fine control is a 15-turn potentiometer which interpolates these steps.
‘Tape’
A separate amplifier is incorporated to give a buffered voltage output from the module to
drive tape recorders, oscilloscopes, etc. via the ‘Voltage Output’ socket located on the
cabinet rear panel. This is adjustable by means of a 15-turn potentiometer on the front
panel (‘Tape’). up to +/- 2V (see notes in Preface).
‘Run/Cal’
A toggle switch enables the amplifier to be used in the Operation or the Calibration mode.
In the operation (‘Run’) position the amplifier terminals are directly connected to the signal
source via pins 4 and 5 of the Signal Input connector.
In the calibration (‘Cal’) position the input is connected to a calibration voltage which is
generated from the Calibrator located in the Micro Movements recorder or signal condi
tioning cabinet.
Compensation Range
Because different types of thermocouple exhibit different sensitivites it is necessary to
change the range of the compensation network which is used with the input connector/
reference junction. This is achieved by operation of poles 1 - 3 on the internal 6-pole
switch (SW3). For application information refer to the data sheet for the reference junction
connector (C1061/R). When this connector is not used , poles 1,2 and 3 of SW3 should be
left open.
Poles 1,2 and 3 of SW3 are used as follows:
Pole 1
Closed: Gives cold junction compensation at a rate of 41µV/ °C r.t.i.
(Type K thermocouple - Chromel /Alumel).
Positive
:
Nickel / chromium
Negative :
Nickel / aluminium
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1061 Thermocouple Amplifier
Pole 2
Pole 3
contd.
Closed: Gives cold junction compensation at a rate of 53µV/ °C r.t.i.
(Type J thermocouple - Chromel / Alumel)
Positive
:
Iron
Negative :
Constantan
Closed : Enables other sensitivites of thermocouple to be compensated. A
resistor may be fitted by the user to provide the desired compensation raate.
The value of this resistor may be determined from the formula below:
R37 = (1224 - 12) K ohms
Vth
Where Vth is the thermocouple sensitivity in mV/°C
Calibration
Example
It is required to scale the M11061 for:
0-100°C with a Type K thermocouple
0-100mm deflection (recorders only)
0-2.00 volts (recorders only)
Before the calibration is started, the controls require presetting as follows:
M1061 Front Panel
Offset Potentiometer
Range Switch
Fine Gain
Tape Potentiometer
Mode Switch
Preset Value
*
10mV
*
*
Cal
6 Pole Switch on side of module (SW3)
1
For Type K thermocouple
2
For Type T thermocouple
3
Unallocated thermocouple
+4 Cal divided by 25
ON
OFF
OFF
OFF
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1061 Thermocouple Amplifier
5
6
Low pass filter
Low pass filter
Monitor Unit Control
Monitor Range Switch
Monitor Ch.No./Cal switch
Galvo. ON/OFF switch
Channel
Bridge Voltage
Bridge ON/OFF
Calibrate +/OFF/Calibrate Fine
Calibrate Range
*
N
+
contd.
OFF
OFF
19.99
Cal
OFF
N
*
OFF
+
*
10V
Not important
Corresponding to channel being calibrated
This facility only used on M10-120A.
Note:
a)
On the M12-150A the ‘Galvo. ON/OFF’ switch is fitted inside the Signal Conditioning
access hatch on top of the instrument.
b)
This feature is not fitted to M1000-6 or M10-120A.
Procedure
1)
From Type K thermocouple tables the output of the thermocouple at 100°C = 4.10mV.
2)
Adjust the Calibrate Fine potentiometer on the recorder to read 4.10 volts on the monitor.
3)
Switch the Calibrate Range switch to 10mV. The voltage on the amplifier calibration
terminals will now br 4.10mV. (This voltage cannot be measured accurately on the monitor
and is achieved by means of a precision divider on the Range switch).
4)
If a recorder is being used set the galvo. spot to 11 on the viewing scale.
(Note: If all channels are not in use, it is preferable to use the centre channels for the best
optical fidelity, e.g. Channels 3 through to 7.)
5)
Galvo. ON/OFF switch to ‘ON’. The amplifiers are now energised.
6)
Monitor Ch. No. / Cal Switch to Ch. No.
Monitor Range Switch to 1.999V
Calibrate +/OFF/- Switch to OFF
7)
Use the Offset potentiometer to set the voltage monitor to 0.000v.
Observe the galvo. spot, which should be at the position as set in 4), i.e. 11. If otherwise,
the amplifier is faulty.
8)
Calibrate +/OFF/- switch to +
Use the Fine Gain on the M1061 to adjust the galvo. spot to 1 on the viewing scale.
Calibrate +/OFF/- to OFF
Check the galvo. spot has not moved from 11 to 1 using the Calibrate +/OFF/- switch in
the OFF and + positions.
9)
Return the Calibrate +/OFF/- switch to +, switch monitor range switch to 19.99v and
adjust the Tape potentiometer on the M1061 to read 2.00 volts on the monitor.
(Repeat 7), 8) and 9) as required).
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
1M1061 Thermocouple Amplifier contd.
0)
11)
12)
Calibrate +/OFF/- switch to OFF
Bridge ON/OFF switch to ON
Observe the position of the galvo. spot and the monitor voltage.
The values of both should correspond to the temperature of the C1061/R connector,
typically 3 to 5°C above the ambient temperature, i.e. approximately 25°C. The deflection
of the spot would be 25mm left of the position 11 and the voltmeter would read 0.50 volts.
Run/Cal switch to RUN
Bridge ON/OFF switch to OFF
Observe the spot and the monitor. The values observed should now be the difference be
tween the temperature at the thermocouple and the temperature at the C1061/R.
e.g. If the thermocouple is in free air reading ambient temperature the reading will usually
be negative due to the C1061/R being at a slightly higher temperature, i.e. the spot would
be 3 to 5mm right of position 11 and the voltmeter would read - 0.03 to 0.05.
Bridge ON/OFF to ON
The temperature as measured on the cold junction C1061/R is now added to the previous
reading and the recorder and the monitor will indicate the temperature of the thermocouple
in °C.
The system is now fully calibrated, operational and ready for use.
Type
K
J
T
Thermocouple Tables Referenced to 0°C (millivolts)
0
100°C
200°C
Nickel Chromium/Nickel
Aluminium
Iron/Constantan
Copper/Constantan
400°C
600°C
1000°C
0
4.1
8.13
16.4
24.91
41.31
0
0
5.37
4.28
10.95
9.20
22.1
21.0
33.67
-
-
Input Configuration
Input Impedance
Input Mode
:
:
:
Input Range
Maximum Input
Noise
Drift
Bandwidth
Gain
Output (Voltage)
Output Impedance (Voltage)
Output (Current)
Output Impedance (Current)
Package
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
High Gain Differential
200K ohms Differential
1)
any type of thermocouple with or without
C1061/R electronic reference module.
2)
low level , low frequency signals generally.
Up to 100mV
+/- 12V D.C.
Less than 2 microvolts/ °C r.t.i. at max. gain
Less than 2 microvolts/ °C r.t.i. at max. gain
D.C. - 1KHz
25 - 10,000 in 5 switched steps with interpolate controls
Up to +/- 2V D.C.
0.5 ohms
+/- 10mA into 120 ohms
250 ohms
Standard M1000 series module.
M1061 Specification
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Typical Input Circuits
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Thermocouple Reference Junction Connector
Type C1061/R
This connector is used with the M1061 thermocouple amplifier to provide cold junction
compensation. This is achieved by use of a thermistor-based network moulded within the
connector body which provides a signal to the M1061 amplifier; enabling the latter to
compensate for changes in
temperature at the reference junction.
Method of Use
1)
2)
Connect the thermocouple to the mating connector with the positive lead to the terminal
marked ‘+’.
Select the compensation range appropriate to the thermocouple in use (see M1061 instruc
tions) and insert the connector into the required input socket on the recorder. The system is
now ready to operate.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1070 Attenuator Amplifier
Description
M1070 is a general purpose attenuator/low-gain amplifier module for operation with high
level sensors such as D.C./D.C. L.V.D.T.’s servo accelerometers, etc. and signals generally
in the 25mV to 100V range. (For high voltage measurements a special attenuator plug is
available, see ‘C104 High Voltage Connector’ section).
Features include high input impedance, low noise and drift, with input protection up to
125V differential.
Controls (External)
‘Shift’
This is a 22-turn potentiometer which acts as a ‘back-off’ or ‘input offset’ control enabling
the output to be shifted over plus and minus full scale.
‘Range’
The gain/attenuation range of the amplifier is set by two controls, coarse and fine, which
cover the range - by 100 x 100. The coarse control is a 5-position rotary switch calibrated
directly in gain, the actual sensitivity obtained being a function of the galvanometer type:Indicated Typical Input Voltage for 5cm deflection
Range
using M1600 series galvo.
max. (fine gain fully anticlockwise)
min. (fine gain fully clockwise)
÷100
*
75V
÷10
75V
7.5V
x1
7.5V
750mV
x10
750mV
75mV
x100
75mV
7.5mV
* See ‘High Voltage Operation’
A 15-turn potentiometer interpolates the switch gain steps so that the gain is continuously
variable throughout the indicated range.
‘Tape’
A separate amplifier is incorporated to give a buffered voltage output from the unit to drive
oscilloscopes, tape recorders, etc. via the ‘Voltage Output’ socket located on the cabinet
rear panel. This is adjustable by means of a 15-turn potentiometer on the front panel up to
+/- 2V D.C. (See notes in preface)
‘Mode’
A toggle switch enables the amplifier to be used easily in the Operation or Calibration
mode.
In the Operation (‘Run’) position the amplifier input terminals are directly connected to
the signal source via pins 4 and 5 on the Signal Input connector.
In the Calibration (‘Caal’) position the unit is connected to a D.C. calibration voltage
derived from the recorder or signal conditioning cabinet being used.
Controls (Internal)
Gauge Excitation
The 3 - 12V D.C. transducer supply (M1015) appears on pins 1 and 2 of the amplifier.
These are connected (via R1 and R2) to pins 3 and 4, which in turn are connected to pins 1
and 2 on the 7 pin Signal Input connector at the rear of the instrument. Thus the transducer
cannot be energised unless there is an amplifier present in that particular channel. Note that
the amplifier is normally supplied with R1 and R2 replaced by wire links (A) so that the
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1070 Attenuator Amplifier
contd.
full supply (3-12v D.C. as selected by the ‘Bridge Volts’ switch) appears across the trans
ducer. However, if a reduced supply is required on a particular channel these may be re
placed by resistors of the appropriate value to act as ‘droppers’ in the supply lines.
For Example: With 10v excitation selected, a particular transducer is required to be
energised with 2.5v
Transducer resistance = 120 ohms
Transducer Excitation = 2.5v
Volt drop required
= 7.5v
∴ R1 + R2
= 120 x 7.5
2.5
So R1 and R2 are 180ohms each.
Provision is also made to route out the amplifier power supply rails by selection of links
(B) on the board. These connect the +12v rail to pin 3, the 0v rail to pin 9 and the -12v rail
to pin 4. These in turn are connected to the Signal Input connector on pins 1,6 and 2 re
spectively. Amplifiers supplied from the factory with this connection are designated
M1070/S11 and are marked with two brown dots on the handle. (See Drg. B0227/2).
Bridge Completion
The amplifier may be used with resistive bridge networks in the 1,2 or 4 arm mode. In the
1 or 2 arm mode bridge completion is achieved by connecting dummy bridge arms within
the amplifier by means of an internal switch (SW2).
The switch is a 6-pole 2-position type, of which poles 1, 2 and 3 are concerned with bridge
conditioning, as follows:
Full Bridge
:
In this case the bridge is completed within the transducer, therefore
poles 1,2 and 3 should be in the ‘Open’ or ‘Off’ position.
Half Bridge
:
Poles 1 and 2 are ‘ON’. bringing in two 499 ohm dummy arms (R1
and R2). Pole 3 remains ‘Open’.
Quarter Bridge :
Poles 1, 2 and 3 are ‘On’. Note that closing Pole 3 brings in R3,
which is normally 120ohms. If the resistance of the single external
bridge arm is different from this value R3 must be changed to
match it. For the correct external bridge connections refer to Drg.
B0227/1. (See also: ‘Typical Input Circuits’).
Ground Reference
In applications where the signal source has no connection to ground, (e.g. battery operated
systems), it may be desirable to connect the ‘Input Lo’ of the amplifier to ground internally
for best noise performance. Pole 6 of SW1 gives this connection when switched to the ‘On’
position.
Low Noise Operation
To minimise output noise at high gains a low pass filter can be switched in by closing Poles
4 and 5 of SW2. This has the effect of reducing the bandwidth to approximately 150Hz.
High Voltage Operation
A special connector, type C104, with a built-in balanced attenuator can be used to extend
the input range up to 250v r.m.s. (see section entitled ‘C104 High Voltage Connector’).
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Specification
Input Configuration
Input Impedance
Input Mode
:
:
:
Maximum Input
Noise
Drift
Bandwidth
Gain
:
:
:
:
:
Output (Voltage)
Output Impedance (Voltage)
Output (Current)
Output Impedance (Current)
Package
:
:
:
:
:
Low Gain Differential
220K ohms differential
1)
Resistive bridge in 1,2 or 4 arm connection with
internal bridge completion.
2)
Medium/high level signals generally.
125v D.C. (up to 250v r.m.s. with adaptor type C104).
Less than 20 microvolts r.m.s. (r.t.i.)
Less than 20 microvolts/ °C (r.t.i.)
D.Cc. - 10KHz
÷ 100 through x 100 in 5 switched steps with interpo
late control.
Up to +/- 2v D.C.
0.5 ohms
+/- 10mA into 120 ohms
250 ohms
Standard M1000 series module
Typical Input Circuits.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1070 Attenuator Amplifier
contd.
Calibration
Example
It is required to calibrate the recorder for a 1.000 volts input to give 10cm deflection on the
galvanometer and 2.00 volts on the Tape output.
The Controls Required Presetting As Follows:
M1070 Front Panel Controls
Shift Potentiometer
Range Switch
Fine Gain
Tape Control
Mode Switch
6 Pole Switch on side of module (SW2)
1
Half Bridge
OFF
2
Half Bridge
OFF
3
Quarter Bridge
OFF
4
150 Hz low pass filter OFF
5
150 Hz low pass filter OFF
6
Grounds ‘Input Lo’
OFF
Monitor Unit Controls
Monitor Range Switch
1.999
Monitor Ch. No./Cal switch Cal
Galvo. On/Off switch
OFF
Channel
N
Bridge Voltage
*
Bridge On/Off
OFF
Calibrate +/OFF/+
Calibrate Fine
*
Calibrate Range
1V
Preset Value
*
x 10
fully anti-clockwise
fully anti-clockwise
Cal
* Not important
N Corresponds to channel being calibrated
** See Note c) below
Note:
a)
On the M12-150A the ‘Galvo. On/Off’ switch is fitted inside the Signel Conditioning
access hatch on top of the instrument.
b)
This feature is not fitted to M1000-6 or M10-120A.
c)
Some versions of the M1070 have a higher gain than others and in this case the range
switch should be in the ‘X1’ position to give the correct gain range for the example.
Procedure
1)
Use the Calibrate Fine potentiometer to set ‘Cal’ voltage to 1.000 volts on the monitor.
2)
Recorders only:- Use the galvanometer tool to rotate the galvanometer to align the spot to
position ‘11’ on the viewing scale.
(Note: If all channels are not in use it is preferable to use the centre channels for the best
optical fidelity, e.g. Channels 3 through to 7.)
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1070 Attenuator Amplifier
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
contd.
Galvo. On/Off switch to ON
(This switch provides power to the amplifiers.)
Calibrate +/Off/- switch to OFF
Monitor Ch. No./Cal switch to Ch.No.
Monitor 1.999/19.99 switch to 19.99
Adjust the Shift potentiometer on the amplifier to give 0.00V on the monitor.
Observe the galvo, it should correspond to the position set in 2), i.e. ‘11’ . If there is a
discrepancy recheck the procedure, as either the amplifier is faulty or there has been a
wrong setting.
Calibrate +/Off/- switch to +
For recorders use the Fine Gain control on the amplifie to set the galvo. spot to position
‘1’, i.e. a deflection of 10cm from ‘11’.
Use the Tape potentiometer on the amplifier to set the monitor voltage to 2.00 volts. At this
stage, the system has been calibrated for a sensitivity of 10cm/volts on the recorder and
2.00 volts/volt on the voltage output.
Calibrate +/Off/- switch to OFF
If there has been a change from the original setting of ‘11’ on the chart scale or 0.00v on
the monitor repeat the above procedure from the original preset values in order to fine tune
the system.
Run/Cal switch on the amplifier to RUN
The recorder will now read directly the voltage at the input connector scaled as in 7).
If the galvo. spot is off scale turn the range switch on the amplifier to x 1. This will reduce
the original setting by a factor or 10, thus indicating the input voltage as calibrated x 10.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
High Impedance Adaptor type C1070/H
Description
For applications where a very high input impedance is required (e.g. operation with piezoelectric sensors) the C1070/H Adaptor may be used with both the M1060 and the M1070
amplifiers. This is a unity-gain pre-amplifier with very high input impedance housed in a
miniature cylindrical adaptor which fits directly into the Signal Input connector of the
oscillograph (or M1000 series Amplifier Cabinet). Connection is then made to the signal
source via an integral B.N.C. or ‘Microdot’ connector.
Specification
Input Resistance
:
1000 Megohms (Fixed)
Input Capacitance
:
Less than 10pF
Gain
:
1
Drift
:
25 microvolts/ °C
Bandwidth
:
D.C. - 40KHz
Calibration
The voltage calibration when using the C1070/H with an M1060 or M1070 amplifier is
identical
to the calibration procedures for these modules.
Typical Input Circuit
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
C104 High Voltage Connector
The C104 is a High Voltage input connector for use with M1060, M1070, M1073 and
M1080
modules.
The connector includes an 80dB balanceed attenuator with an input impedance of 100
megohms
to earth on each input (200 megohms balanced) and includes a mating socket
for connection to
the high voltage source.
It can be used with the M1060, M1070 and M1073 amplifiers to extend their range to read
voltages up to 250 volts AC and also with the M1080 to measure the frequency of
high AC
voltages, e.g. 230/115v power lines.
Attenuator
Fixed 80 dB (10,000 : 1)
Installation
1
Lo
)
)Signal Input
2
Hi )
3
Earth
Calibration
When used with M1060 and M1070 modules, the calibration procedures are followed as
per the
individual modules and the voltage referred to the input is multiplied by
10,000.
Example
An Input voltage of 200v is required to deflect 2cm on the recorder.
The M1060 or M1070 are calibrated using a calibration voltage of 200 divided by 10,000 =
20mV.
When Used with M1080
The M1080 calibration is not affected by the use of the C104. It should be noted, however,
that
the M1080 has a minimum sensitivity of 10 millivolts r.m.s. When the M1080 is used
with the
C104 the minumum sensitivity of the M1080 is therefore increased to
100V r.m.s.
Typical Input Circuit.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1071 Variable Attenuator
Description
M1071 is a resistive network intended to match high-level signals (up to 120v r.m.s.), to
low-frequency galvanometers. Since it can operate as an isolated channel it offers a means
of matching signals in the presence of high common mode voltages which is not normally
possible with amplifiers.
Controls
‘Atten’
The attenuation range of the unit is set by means of coarse and fine controls on the front
panel. The coarse control is a rotary switch calibrated as follows:
OFF
1000
100
10
1
The fine control is a 15-turn potentiometer which interpolates these steps. The actual input
level required for a given deflection is dependent on the attenuation settings and the galva
nometer type, as shown below:
Indicated Input for 10cm deflection (approx) (Fine control fully clockwise)
Range
1000
100
10
1
M20-S M40-S M65-S
26V
n.a.
n.a.
2.6V
7.6V
10V
.26V
.76V
1V
26mV 76mV
.1V
Notes:
1)
2)
M100-S
n.a.
15V
1.5V
.15V
M150-S M250-S
n.a.
n.a.
30V
n.a.
3V
6.7V
.3V
.67V
M400-S M800-S M1600-S
n.a.
n.a
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
n.a.
32V
n.a.
n.a.
3.2V
12.5V
n.a.
For higher voltage measurements refer to the factory for details.
The figures shown relate to Micro Movements recorders with 15cm optical arm
(e.g. M10-120A, M12-150A). For recorders with 30cm optical arm
(e.g. M200H, M300H), the deflection would be 20cm.
‘Shift’
This control provides adjustment of the output offset of the attenuator over a range of +/12mA
through the galvanometer in use. This enables the user to ‘back-off’ large
offsets in the input
signals applied to the attenuator.
‘Tape’
A separate buffer amplifier is fitted which produces a voltage output from the unit to drive
tape recorders, oscilloscopes, etc. Because the amplifier power supply rails effectively
introduce a common return path the amplifier can be taken out of circuit by means of an
internal switch, thus retaining the individual channel isolation.
‘Run/Cal’
A two-pole toggle switch connects the unit either to the Signal Input plug (‘Run’ mode) or
to an internally derived network (‘Cal’ mode).
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1071 Variable Attenuator contd.
Specification
Input Mode
:
Input Impedance
:
Input Range
Drift
:
Noise
:
Output (Voltage)
:
Output Impedance (Voltage) :
Output Impedance (Current) :
Package
:
High Impedance floating
15K ohms
:
260mV to 125V (see table) for 10cm deflection
50 p.p.m/ °C
Negligible
Up to +/-100mV (with 10cm deflection on M1600-S)
0.5 ohms
250 ohms
Standard M1000 module.
General
The value of the M1071 lies in its ability to operate in an isolated mode, e.g. a signal of
100mV can be measured with a common mode voltage of 100v. The calibration and opera
tion is therefore described in the ISOLATED mode.
Calibration
It is required to deflect a galvanometer 10cm for an input voltage of 0 to 10.0 volts.
From the range chart an M100-S galvanometer is selected.
The Controls Should be Preset as Follows:
M1071 Front Panel
Shift potentiometer
Attenuator
Fine Gain
Tape potentiometer
Run/Cal switch
Preset Value
*
1
*
*
CAL
4 Pole Switch on Side of Module
1)
Inputs to
2)
Tape amplifier
3)
Input Low to Ground
4)
Shift Control
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
Monitor Unit Controls
Range switch
Ch.N./Cal switch
Galvo. On/Off switch
Channel
Bridge Voltage
Bridge On/Off
Calibrate +/OFF/- switch
Calibrate Fine
Calibrate Range
19.99
Cal
OFF
N
*
OFF
+
*
10V
* Not important
N Corresponding to channel being measured.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1071 Variable Attenuator contd.
Note:
a)
On the M12-150A the ‘Galvo. On/Off’ switch is fitted inside the Signal Conditioning
access hatch on top of the instrument.
b)
This feature is not fitted to M1000-6 or M10-120A.
Procedure
1)
Use the Calibrate fine potentiometer to set the voltage on the monitor to 10.00V
2)
Calibrate +/OFF/- switch to OFF.
3)
Use the galvanometer tool to rotate the galvanometer to align the spot to position ‘11’ on
the viewing scale.
(Note: If all channels are not in use, it is preferable to use the centre channels for the best
optical fidelity, e.g. Channels 3 through to 7.)
4)
Calibrate +/OFF/- switch to +. use the fine gain control to set the spot to ‘1’ on the view
ing scale.
5)
Run/Cal switch to Run and the system is fully calibrated to give 10cm deflection for a 10v
input.
Other Facilities
The M1071 also has the facility of a tape output together with a shift control.
This cannot be used where ISOLATED inputs are required and it is preferable if a tape
output is required that an M1070 amplifier should be used. The M1071 tape output is of
practical value only for high signal inputs with the M400 to M1600 galvanometers. For
these applications the Poles 1 to 4 of the switch on the side of the module should be ‘On’.
It is possible to obtain a signal of between 10mV and 100mV at the tape ouput for the
galvanometer between M400 and M1600. The calibration procedure should be followed as
per the M1070 module calibration. The M1071 must be calibrated individually and not in
compination with any other M1000 series modules.
Typical Input Circuit
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1073 R.M.S./D.C. Converter
Description
The M1073 is an R.M.S./D.C. Converter that accepts A.C. inputs in the range 10mV
R.M.S. to 100V R.M.S. and provides a D.C. signal to the galvanometer and tape outputs.
Typical inputs would be from current transformers, tape replay amplifiers, 50/60Hz and
400Hz power lines, etc. (See also ‘High Voltage Operation’).
Controls
Shift
This is a 22-turn potentiometer which acts as a ‘back-off’ or ‘input offset’ control enabling
the galvanometer to be shifted over plus and minus full scale on the chart.
Volts (cms)
The gain/attenuation range of the amplifier is set by two controls, coarse and fine, which
cover the range 110mv to 100V r.m.s. The coarse control is a 5 position switch calibrated
directly in volts. The fine interpolation control covers a 10:1 range.
Indicated Range Typical Input voltage for 5cm deflection with
M1600 type Galvanometer
Max. (fine control
Min. (fine control fully clockwise)
fully anticlockwise)
0.01V
45mV
4mV
0.1V
450mV
40mV
1V
4.5V
400mV
10V
45V
4V
100V
*
40V
* The input voltage cannot exceed 125V r.m.s., it is however, often necessary to reduce the
deflection to less than full scale for the maximum of 125V r.m.s.
(See ‘High Voltage Operation’).
Tape
A separate amplifier is incorporated to give a buffered voltage output from the unit to drive
oscilloscopes, tape recorders, etc. via the ‘Voltage Outputs’ plug located on the cabinet rear
panel. This is adjustable by means of a 15-turn potentiometer on the front panel to give up
to 2V D.C. output.
Mode
A toggle switch enables the amplifier to be switched to the Run or Calibrate position.
In the Operational (‘Run’) position, the amplifier is connected directly to pins 4 ans 5 of
the input connector.
In the Calibration (‘Cal’) position the amplifier is connected directly to the A.C. calibration
signals on pins 15 and 16 of the amplifier connector.
The A.C. calibration is connected to the 13.8V a.c. 50Hz transformer winding ans therefore
is limited in application.
For accurate calibration an external signal generator and A.C. reading digital voltmeter
would be necessary.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1073 R.M.S./D.C. Converter
contd.
Circuit Description
Referring to Drwg. No. B1744, the circuit consists of an attenuator followed by a differen
tial amplifier. The output of the differential amplifier feeds a precision rectifier which is
followed by a two pole Butterworth Filter. The filter is set to give 1% ripple on a 50Hz
signal.
If the R.M.S./D.C. converter is required to operate at higher frequencies e.g. 400Hz aircraft
supplies, a filter with a higher cut off frequency and faster response is available.
High Voltage Operation
A special connector, type C104, with a built-in balance attenuator can be used to extend the
input range up to 250v. r.m.s. (See section entitled ‘C104 High Voltage Connector’).
Specification
Input Range
:
10mV to 100V R.M.S.
Input Frequency
:
50Hz to 10KHz
Input Impedance
:
220K ohms differential
Attenuator (Coarse)
:
5 position, 10mV, 100mV, 1V, 10V, 100V.
Attenuator (Fine)
:
interpolates 10:1 range
Output (Voltage)
:
up to +/- 2V D.C.
Output Impedance
:
0.5 ohms
Output (Current)
:
+/- 10mA into 30 ohms
Output Impedance
:
250 ohms
Maximum Input
:
100V RMS
Linearity
:
+/- 0.5%
Calibration
Example
It is required to calibrate the recorder for a 1V RMS input to give 10cm deflection on the
galvanometer and 2.00 volts on the tape output.
M1073 Front Panel Controls
Shift control
Volts (r.m.s.) switch
Fine Gain
Tape potentiometer
Mode switch
Preset Value
*
1V
Fully anticlockwise
Fully anticlockwise
Cal
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1080 Front Panel Controls
Range switch
OFF
Monitor Unit Controls
Range switch
1.999V
Ch.No./Cal switch
Ch. No.
Galvo ON /OFF switch
OFF
Channel
N
Bridge Voltage
*
Bridge ON/OFF
OFF
Calibrate +/OFF/OFF
Calibrate Fine
*
Calibrate Range
*
* Not Important
N Corresponding to Channel being calibrated
Notes:
a)
On the M12-150A the ‘Galvo. ON/OFF’ switch is fitted inside the Signal Condition
ing access hatch on the top of instrument.
b)
This feature is not fitted to M1000-6 or M10-120A.
Procedure
1)
Recorders Only
Use the galvanometer tool to rotate the spot to position ‘11’ on the viewing scale.
(Note: If all channels are not in use it is preferable to use the centre channels for the best
optical fidelity, e.g. Channels 3 through to 7).
2)
Galvo. On/Off switch to ON
(This switch provides power to the amplifiers).
3)
Adjust the shift control on the amplifier to give 0.000V on the monitor.
Observe the galvo. it should correspond to the position set in 2), i.e. ‘11’. If there is a
discrepancy recheck the procedure, as either the amplifier is faulty or there has been a
wrong setting.
4)
Range switch on M1086 to 1.00V r.m.s. For recorders use the Fine Gain Control on the
M1073 module to set the galvo. spot to position ‘1’, i.e. a deflection of 10cm from ‘11’
5)
Use the Tape control on the M1073 to set the monitor voltage to 2.00V. At this stage, the
system has been calibrated for a sensitivity of 10cm/V on the recorder and 2.00 volts/volt
on the voltage output.
6)
Run/Cal switch on the amplifier to RUN
The recorder will now read directly the voltage at the input connector scaled as in 5). If the
galvo. spot is off scale or the monitor is reading over 1.999 volts turn the range switch on
the amplifier to 10. This will reduce the original setting by a factor of 10, thus indicating
the input voltage as calibrated x 10.
7)
Turn the range switch on the M1086 to ‘OFF’.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Typical Input Circuit
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
B1744
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1080 Frequency / DC Converter
The M1080 Frequency/DC converter produces a D.C. output signal proportional to the fre
quency of the input signal. The input may be a dynamic waveform from 10mV r.m.s
to 100V
r.m.s. Applications include flow measurement (impeller flowmeters),
photo-electric and magnetic
shaft speed sensors and A.C. tachometers.
Front Panel Controls
‘Shift’
This is a 22-turn potentiometer which acts as a back-off or ‘output offset’ control on the
current
output, enabling the galvanometer to be shifted over plus or minus full scale
output.
‘Range Hz’
The frequency range over which the unit will operate is determined by two controls, coarse
and
fine. The coarse control is a rotary switch calibrated directly in input frequency. The
fine control is
a 15-turn potentiometer with a 5:1 range which interpolates the switched
steps.
Typical Deflection of M1600 galvanometer:
Position of fine
gain potentiometer
Fully clockwise
Fully anticlockwise
Input Frequency
As indicated on
range switch
55cm
5cm
20% of indicated
range
11cm
1cm
‘Tape’
A 15-turn potentiometer is used to adjust the voltage output of the amplifier independent of
the
galvanometer current output. The tape voltage output can be used to drive recorders,
oscillo
scopes, digital voltmeters or other voltage driven devices. The output
voltage is adjustable up to
2V D.C.
‘Run/Cal’
A two pole toggle switch enables the unit to be used in the Operation (‘Run’) or the Calibration
(‘Cal’) modes.
In the Operation (‘Run’) position the input terminals are connected to the signal source via
pins 4
and 5 on the Signal Input connector.
In the Calibration (‘Cal’) position the input is connected to a calibration signal. The source
of this
calibration signal is described under ‘Internal Controls’.
Internal Controls
A 6 pole dual-in-line (D.I.L.) switch (SW2) is mounted on the printed circuit board, this
switch is
accessible through a cut-out in the side of the amplifier cover.
SW2/1 (Optional Offset)
An optional offset can be fitted to the frequency to D.C. converter. This is of value for
measuring
variations on a fixed frequency, e.g. frequency variation of 50/60 Hz power
lines or 400Hz
aircraft supplies. This is a factory fitted option designated M1080/
S33 and can be identified by
two orange dots on the handle. (See: ‘Offset Zero’).
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
SW2/2, 3 and 4 (Filter Time Constant)
Range
OFF
10KHz
millisecs
2KHz
500Hz
100Hz
Filter Time Constant
Poles
2,3,4 open
Pole
2 closed
75 millisecs
-
Poles
2 & 3 closed
35 millisecs
Poles
2,3,4 closed
15 millisecs
5
300 millisecs
140 millisecs
60 millisecs
20 millisecs
1.5 secs
700 millisecs
300 millisecs
100 millisecs
7.5 secs
3.5 secs
1.5 secs
500 millisecs
The units are despatched with poles 2, 3 and 4 open, i.e. the longest time constant. Other combination of filtering can be achieved by a combination of the 3 poles of SW2 being utilised.
SW2/5 and 6 (Internal / External Cal.)
The calibration is normally internal with SW2/5 closed and SW2/6 open. In this case the
calibra
tion is derived from the power supply frequency, i.e. 50/60 Hz or 400Hz when
used on D.C.
power. (This calibration facility is of limited value for operation at
frequencies above 1 KHz).
A crystal-controlled frequency calibrator is available, the M1085, which has 9 calibration
frequencies from 20Hz to 10KHz. When as M1085 is fitted the calibration signal is available on
pin 16 of all the modules and can be switched to the Calibration Input of the
M1080 by closing
SW2/6 and opening SW2/5.
Note:
If poles 5 and 6 are both closed damage will not occur but the result will be incorrect.
Transducer Excitation
The +/- 12V power supply can be routed through the module to the rear panel of the recorder
thus providing excitation for optical pick-ups, etc. (M1080/S9).
Photo Electric Pickups
It is common for P.E.P. outputs to be unidirectional. Pins are provided for an offset to the
input so
that the input is driven by a unidirectional signal.
e.g. If the input is a T.T.L. compatible positive square wave, connect a 47K accross D4,
thus
giving a -2V bias to the input.
Offset Zero
Many applications require an offset zero facility. e.g. in monitoring 50Hz or 400Hz power
supplies to record a deviation of +/- 10%. The D.I.L. switch position 1 provides an offset
zero
when closed. The value of the offset is controlled by AOT resistor R23 and
potentiometer VR4.
In the offset mode it is not always possible to obtain the required gain in the system, e.g. +/
- 10%
is only one fifth of the normal output. A provision to increase the gain is provided by R12.
R12 - Normally open circuit
R12 - 4K7 (Increase gain by 2)
R12 - 2K2 (Increase gain by 3)
R12 - 1K2 (Increase gain by 5)
Note: Further gain increases will reduce the
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
stability
of theHampshire,
system. RG27 0NB
Eversley,
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Specification
Input Configuration
Input Impedance
Input Mode
Input Range
Maximum Input
Drift
Bandwidth
Full Scale Range
control
Output Voltage
Output Impedance (Voltage)
Output Current
Output Impedance (Current)
Filters
module)
Shift
Package
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
Single ended
10K ohms
1) Sinewave from impeller flowmeters, r.p.m.
pickups, etc.
2) Square wave T.T.L.
:
10mV to 100v r.m.s.
100v r.m.s. (up to 250v r.m.s. with C104 adaptor)
+/- .01%/ °C Referred to Output
1 Hz to 10 Hz
off, 10KHz, 2KHz, 500Hz, 100Hz with interpolate
:
:
:
:
Up to +/- 2V D.Cc.
0.5 ohms
+/- 10mA into 120 ohms
250 ohms
:
From 5 millisecs to 7.5 secs (See M1000 series
:
:
+/- 10mA on current output
Standard M1000 series module.
Typical Input Circuits
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Calibration
To achieve accurate calibration an M1085 Frequency Calibrator must be used.
Example
The module is to be calibrated to give 10cm deflection corresponding to a flow rate of 100
gallons/minute. A voltage output of 2.00 volts is required for the same scale.
An impeller flowmeter is used with a calibration factor of 1105Hz for 125 G.P.M.
The corresponding frequency for 100 G.P.M. = 100 x 1105 = 884Hz
125
The nearest calibration frequency on the M1085 is 500Hz.
The deflection for a 500Hz signal would be 10 x 500 = 5.65 cm
884
Preset The Controls As Follows:
M1080 Front Panel
Shift control
Range switch
Fine gain
Tape control
Run/Cal switch
*
2KHz
*
*
Cal
Switch on side of module
1
Optional Offset
2
Filter
3
Filter
4
Filter
5
Line Freq. Cal
6
M1085 Cal
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
ON
M1085 Front Panel
Range switch
OFF
Monitor Front Panel
Range switch
Ch. No. / Cal switch
Galvo. On/Off switch
Channel
Bridge Voltage
Bridge On/Off
Calibrate +/OFF/Calibrate Fine
Calibrate Range
1.999
Ch. No.
OFF
N
*
OFF
*
*
*
* Not important
N Corresponding to channel being calibrated.
Note:
a)
On the M12-150A the ‘Galvo. On/Off’ switch is fitted inside the Signal Conditioning
access
hatch on the top of the instrument.
b)
This feature is not fitted to M1000-6 or M10-120A.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Calibration Procedure
1)
Recorders only.
Use the galvanometer tool to rotate the galvanometer to align the spot to position 11 on the
viewing scale.
2)
Galvo. On/Off switch to ON.
Use the Shift control to adjust the voltage to 0.00v on the monitor.
This should correspond to the spot at position 11 on the viewing scale.
If not, repeat 1).
3)
M1085 Range to 0.5KHz.
Adjust the fine gain control on the M1080 to deflect the spot by 5.65 cm on the viewing
scale,
i.e. Position 11 - 5.65 = 5.45
4)
Adjust the Tape control to read 1.130V on the monitor.
5)
It is useful to check linearity at this stage:
M1085 to 200Hz
Deflection should be 200 x 5.65 = 2.26cm
500
Scale reading = 11 - 2.26 = 8.74cm
Monitor reading + 200 x 1.130 = 0.452V
500
6)
Run/Cal switch on M1080 to Run.
and the system is calibrated and ready for use.
7)
It is advisable to return the M1085 range switch to OFF.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
B2471
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
M1085 Frequency Calibrator
The M1085 is a frequency generator for use as a calibrator for the M1080 Frequency to
D.C.
converter. The frequency output of the M1085 can be preselected on the front
panel to one of
nine fixed frequency ranges: 10KHz, 5KHz, 2KHZ, 1KHz, 500Hz,
200Hz, 100Hz, 50Hz,
20Hz, the tenth position is ‘Off’. The siganl source is crystal
controlled with a sability of 100
p.p.m. over the temperature range 10-40 °C. The
output of the unit is on Pin 16 of the connector.
All signal conditioning systems and recorders manufactured from December 1984 onwards have
the normal A.C. calibration
disconnected from Pin 16. This applies to :M10-120A serial no. 1139 onwards
M1000-24/P serial no. 240 onwards
M200/SC serial no. 174 onwards.
Output to M1080
The M1080 calibration signal is normally connected to Pin 15 and would be 50Hz on the
normal
European power systems. The output of the M1085 is connected to Pin 16 of
the amplifier bus
and can be connected to an M1080 by the programme switches on the
side of the M1080
module. (See M1080 Calibration for a description of this
procedure). If the M1085 is not being
used for calibration it is preferred that the Range
switch should be turned to the ‘OFF’ position.
The M1085 may be fitted into any channel of the system and may be used to calibrate any
number of M1080’s individually or in parallel.
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
B1301
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Channel Completion Cards Type M1088 and M1088-P
Description
1)
In cases where the Signal Conditioning is not fitted into the recorder the galvanometer can
be
driven directly from the signal source by the use of the M1088 card.
2)
In systems that are fitted with the Output Conditioning feature (M1000-12/P and M100024/P
cabinets and M200H/SC recorders) the output can be taken directly from the Signal
Conditioner
by the use of the M1088-P card.
Typical Input Circuit
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
5.15 General Notes
Voltage Output
When a signal conditioning module is being used to drive a galvanometer the maximum
voltage
output is limited by the galvanometer deflection.
Example
Galvanometer Deflection
M10-120A/M12-150A
10cm
1cm
Max. Output
M200/M300
Voltage
20cm
10V
2cm
1V
If the signal conditioning unit is being used for voltage output only, e.g. to drive a computer or
other peripheral, it is always possible to obtain the maximum output of +/- 10V
for a specified
sensitivity.
Calibration
A calibration voltage can be set accurately to any practical value.
For low level signals which are outside the resolution of the Digital Monitor (1mV) this is
achieved by setting a level which is 100 or 1000 times greater and using the
Calibrator range
switch as a precision divider to set the desired calibration level.
Example
Set a calibration voltage of 8.13mV to calibrate a Type K thermocouple for 200 °C.
Preset the controls on the monitor:
1.999/19.99 switch to
19.99V
Ch. No. / Cal switch to
Cal
Calibrator +/OFF/- switch to +
Calibrator Range switch
10V
Procedure
1)
Use the Calibrator Fine control to set 8.13 volts on the monitor.
2)
Turn the Calibrator range switch to 10mV.
3)
The voltage at the calibration input terminals will now be 8.13mV.
(This voltage can only be measured accurately at the amplifier terminals and cannot be
measured
at the monitor socket or on the monitor voltmeter).
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Section 6
Circuit Diagrams
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
C2382
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
C2170
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
B2217
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
B2248
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
B2229
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
B2231
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
B2151
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
A1192
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
B1193
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
B0227/1
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk
M12-150A Lightbeam Oscillograph
Micro Movements Ltd
The Centre, Reading Road,
Eversley, Hampshire, RG27 0NB
Tel: +44 (0)1189 730200, Fax: +44 (0)1189 328872
www.micromovements.co.uk