Middle Ages (450-1450)
Musicians
Historical and Cultural Events
monks
Sack of Rome by Vandals (455)
church musicians Reign of Pope Gregory I (590-604)
troubadours, trouveres First Crusade (1096-1099)
meistersingers, minnisingers Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris (1163)
Gregorian Chant King John Signs Magna Carta (1215)
Perotin (Late twelfth century) Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) Black Death (1348-1350)
Guillaume de Machaut (c.
1300-1377)
Renaissance (1450-1600)
Musicians
Historical and Cultural Events Guillaume Dufay (c.
Fall of Constantinople (1453)
1400-1474) Columbus discovers America (1492)
Josquin Desprez (c.
Martin Luther's ninety-five theses (1517)
1440-1521) Council of Trent (1545-1563)
Andrea Gabrieli (c.
1520-1586)
Giovanni Pierluigi da
Palestrina (c. 1525-1594) Elizabeth I, Queen of England
Roland de Lassus
(1558-1603)
(1532-1594)
Spanish Armada defeated (1588)
William Byrd (1543-1623)
Giovanni Gabrieli (c.
1555-1603)
Thomas Morley (1557-1603)
Thomas Weelkes
(1575-1623)
Baroque (1600-1750)
Musicians
Historical and Cultural Events Claudio Monteverdi
Jamestown founded (1607)
(1567-1643) Louis XIV reigns in France (1643-1715)
Arcangelo Corelli
(1653-1713)
Henry Purcell (c. 1659-1695) Newton, Principia Mathematica (1687)
Francois Couperin
Louis XV reigns in France (1715-1774)
(168-1733)
Antonio Vivaldi (1678-1741) Johann Sebastian Bach
(1685-1750)
George Frederic Handel
(1685-1759)
Classical (1750-1820)
Musicians
Historical and Cultural Events Maria Theresa reigns in Austria
(1740-1780)
Frederick the Great reigns Prussia
Christoph Gluck (1714-1787) (1740-1786)
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach Publication of the French Encyclopedia
(1714-1788) (1751)
Franz Joseph Haydn
(1732-1809) Winckelmann's History of the Art of
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Antiquity
Louis XVI reigns in France (1774-1792)
(1756-1791) American Declaration of Independence
Ludwig van Beethoven
(1770-1827) (1776)
French Revolution begins (1789)
Eli Whitney invents cotton gin (1792)
Napoleon becomes first consul of France
(1799)
Battle of Waterloo (1815)
Romantic (1820-1900)
Musicians
Historical and Cultural Events
Carl Maria von Weber
(1786-1826)
Gioacchino Rossini
(1792-1868)
Revolutions in France, Belgium, Poland
Franz Schubert (1797-1828) (1830)
First Reform Bill in Britain (1832)
Hector Berlioz (1803-1869) Felix Mendelssohn
Revolutions of 1848; Marx and Engels
(1809-1847)
The Communist Manifesto (1848)
Frederic Chopin (1810-1849) Darwin's Origin of Species (1859)
American Civil War (1861-1865)
Robert Schumann
Franco-Prussian War (1870)
(1810-1856)
Franz Liszt (1811-1886) Richard Wagner (1813-1883) Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901)
Cesar Franck (1822-1890)
Anton Bruckner (1824-1896)
Bedrich Smetana (1824-1884) First exhibition of impressionists in Paris
Johannes Brahms
(1874)
(1833-1897)
Georges Bizet (1839-1881)
Modest Mussorgsky
(1839-1881)
Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Spanish-American War (1898)
(1840-1893) Antonin Dvorak (1841-1904)
John Philip Sousa
(1854-1932)
Giacomo Puccini
(1858-1924)
Gustav Mahler (1860-1911)
Richard Strauss (1864-1949) Twentieth Century
Musicians
Historical and Cultural Events
Freud
Claude Debussy (1862-1918) The Psychopathology of Everyday Life
Scott Joplin (1868-1917)
(1904)
Arnold Schoenberg
Einstein, special theory of relativity
(1874-1951) (1905)
Charles Ives (1874-1954) World War I
Maurice Ravel (1875-1937) Russian Revolution begins (1917)
Bela Bartok Women win voting rights in USA (1921)
Igor Stravinsky (1882-1971) Beginning of Great Depression
Anton Webern (1883-1945) Franklin D. Roosevelt inaugurated
Bessie Smith ( 1894-1937) (1933)
George Gershwin
Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany
(1898-1937)
(1933)
Paul Hindemith (1895-1963) World War II (1939-1945)
Duke Ellington (1899-1974) Aaron Copland (1900-1990) Dimitri Shostakovich
Atomic Bomb destroys Hiroshima (1945)
(1906-1975)
Korean War begins (1950)
Benjamin Britten
(1913-1976) John F. Kennedy assassinated (1963)
Billie Holiday (1915-1959) American involvement in Vietnam
Leonard Bernstein
increases
(1918-1993)
American astronauts land on moon
Charlie Parker (1920-1955) (1969)
George Crumb (b. 1929) Resignation of Richard Nixon (1973)
Philip Glass (b. 1937) End of Vietnam War (1975)
US and China establish diplomatic ties
Revolution in Iran (1979)
Ronald Reagan inaugurated (1981)
fall of the Berlin Wall