DELL’S
GREEN IT VISION
&
ITS IMPACT ON DATA CENTRES & HPC
JIM HEARNDEN
ENTERPRISE TECHNOLOGIST
DELL CONFIDENTIAL
AGENDA
yDells Green Direction
yThe Issues
yCooling Solutions
yFree Air Cooling
yMonitoring
DELL CONFIDENTIAL
2
DELL’S COMMITMENT TO
ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
Dell intends to be the
greenest IT company on
the planet by the end of
2008
Michael Dell
DELL CEO
DELL CONFIDENTIAL
3
DELL’S COMMITMENT TO
ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
y In November, Dell announced that its
corporate headquarters campus with
17,000 employees is powered with 100
percent ‘green’ energy, in fact its methane
from a waste dump
y We also achieved the target of being
entirely carbon neutral across the globe 5
months early in August 2008
DELL CONFIDENTIAL
4
DELL’S COMMITMENT TO
ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
y The company’s carbon intensity (CO2
emissions/revenue) is among the lowest of
the Fortune 50 and less than half that of its
closest competitor.
DELL CONFIDENTIAL
5
THE REGENERATION
www.regeneration.org
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HOW TO GO GREEN
IN AN HPC
ENVIRONMENT
And SAVE MONEY!
THE ISSUES
DATA CENTER ENERGY
CONSUMPTION IS ACCELERATING
Billion
kWh / year
140
2.9% of projected
Projected Data Center Energy Use
Under Five Scenarios total U.S. electricity use
1.2% of total U.S.
electricity use
120
100
0.8% of total U.S.
electricity use
Historical
Trends
Current
Efficiency
Trends
Improved
Operation
80
60
40
Best
Practice
20
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Source: EPA Report to Congress on Server and Data Center Energy Efficiency; August 2, 2007
State-ofthe-Art
9
IT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR 2% OF THE
WORLD’S CO2 EMISSIONS
Source: Gartner, Green IT – A New Industry Shockwave, December 2007
10
GLOBAL ELECTRICITY PRICES
HAVE INCREASED 56% SINCE 2002
Energy Information Administration: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/international/elecprii.html
11
DATA CENTRES; THE
COSTS
•Cost of running the Data Centre
•An average build PE1950 1U Dual Core server
in a large server farm costs €347 per annum,
just to run the server!
•This equates to 1525kG CO2 Per annum.
Based on 0.527kG CO2 per KWH (UK Gov Figures)
•The Energy Smart PE1950 saves between 1216% of this cost. Or around €48 Per annum
12
POWER AND COOLING ARE THE TOP
LIMITATIONS TO ADDING DATA
CENTER COMPUTE CAPACITY
Sources: IDC Datacenter Power and Cooling Trends June 2007
DELL CONFIDENTIAL
13
POWER AND COOLING ACCOUNT
FOR APPROXIMATELY 60% OF DATA
CENTER ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Distribution of Power Consumption in a
Typical Data Center
Remake
with smart
art
DELL CONFIDENTIAL
Source: Dell PS3 Data Center Study, Fall 2006
14
SERVER ENERGY EFFICIENCY IS
ABOUT ALL OF THE COMPONENTS
Component-Level Power Consumption
in a Typical Server
DELL CONFIDENTIAL
Source: Dell PS3 Data Center Study, Fall 2006
15
THE SOLUTIONS
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE HPC
& THE TYPICAL CORPORATE
“MIXED” DATA CENTRES
HPC
MIXED DC
ƒ Higher power density, circa 10-25kW
per rack
ƒ Low power density, typically 3-7kW per
rack
ƒ Mainly High density racks in the DC,
few less than 7-8kW
ƒ Mix of rack density, some running at 12kW
ƒ Much higher utilisation rates 80-100%
ƒ Typical utilisation rates of 1-20%
ƒ Higher rack fill level 80-100%
ƒ Rack fill levels typically 40-65%
ƒ Not usually possible to virtualise
ƒ Most corporates have embraced
virtualisation to some extent
ƒ Jobs typically run for many hours,
possibly days.
ƒ Overnight utilisation is rare.
17
DATA CENTER INFRASTRUCTURE
DATACENTER ENERGY EFFICIENCY
- OUTSIDE THE BOX
Consumption
Technologies
Cooling
•Airflow Mgmt
•Liquid Cooling
Server Power Management
•Data Center Automation
Server
•Power Edge
•Blades
Storage
•Power Vault
•Power Connect
•EQL
Power Delivery
Subsystems
•UPS
•PDU
•AC/DC – DC/DC
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25
Cooling Load
Power
Load
IT Load
Work
30% 25% 45%
Energy Savings
MULTIPLIER EFFECT OF TECHNOLOGY
INSIDE-OUT ENERGY EFFICIENCY
OUTSIDE-IN
Cooling Load
Power Load
IT Load
Work
30%
25%
45%
INSIDE-OUT
Reducing 10 kW of Cooling Load yields:
Reducing 10 kW of IT Load yields:
TOTAL DC SAVINGS 10 kW
IT Load
10 kW
Power Distribution
3 kW
Cooling
7 kW
TOTAL DC SAVINGS 20 kW
2x
THE INSIDE-OUT APPROACH (REDUCE IT LOAD)
DOUBLES ENERGY SAVINGS
DELL CONFIDENTIAL
19
DATA CENTER PRODUCTIVITY
RESULTS FROM IT PRODUCTIVITY &
INFRASTRUCTURE EFFICIENCY
y
IT Productivity…
– Increases with each generation
– Increases with better utilization
– Grows exponentially as long
as Moore’s law holds
y
Best case for Infrastructure Efficiency…
– No power required for cooling
– No losses in power distribution
– Industry will succeed in reaching point
of diminishing returns quickly
y Data Center Productivity…
– Combination of
Infrastructure Efficiency
and IT Productivity
DELL CONFIDENTIAL
20
DATA CENTRES; THE
COST!
•Chilled water is approx. 15% more efficient than DX (Gas)
•Closed Cooling (Cooling rack & contents) is 30% more
efficient than Open Cooling (Room Cooling) (ASHRAE)
•Free Air Cooling can save up to 40% of the overall cooling
costs or 10-12% of the overall DC power draw.
•Gartner estimate that if power prices continue to rise then
by 2010 the cost of the power for the DC will EXCEED
the cost of the hardware
21
DATA CENTRES; THE
COST!
•The Optimum intake Temperature for the hardware is
<25ºC
•Above 25ºC the power to run the Server Fans starts to
Increase
•Every 1 kiloWatt (kW) of IT Hardware needs 1kW of
cooling.
22
SERVER POWER CONSUMPTION RISES
AS INTAKE TEMPERATURE INCREASES
POWER REQUIRED TO RUN INTERNAL FANS
TYPICAL POWER REQUIREMENTS FOR FANS IN A 1U SERVER
INTAKE TEMP IN DEGREES C
Source: Dell Labs, May 2008
23
OPTIMISE DATA CENTER
TEMPERATURE FOR ENERGY SAVINGS
13% due to facility
temperature set
point
2-5% efficiency
increase by picking
different solution
24
BEST PRACTICE: RAISING DATA
CENTER SET POINT LEADS TO
GREATER EFFICIENCY
1. Chiller cooling efficiency
improves with increased
water temperature
2. Increased water
temperature enables an
increase in temperature
of the air handler coil
3. Incorporating Variable
Frequency Drive blowers
into air handlers enables
greater efficiency
25
AVERAGE 67% GREATER
PERFORMANCE / WATT OVER SIX
GENERATIONS
Source: Dell Labs, May 2008
26
EFFICIENCY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
AC AND DC TECHNOLOGIES AVERAGE
+/- 3.5%
DELL CONFIDENTIAL
Source: Quantitative Analysis of Power Distribution Options, The Green Grid, November 2008
27
COOLING
SOLUTIONS
INFRASTRUCTURE
CONSULTING SERVICES
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC (CFD) ANALYSIS
y Careful measurement of temperature and air flow as well as
power consumption
y Analysis to determine the best placement of racks, cool or hot
aisles, and vents
y Create a baseline model of your existing power and cooling use
DATA CENTRES; THE
DETAILS
30
TRADITIONAL STYLE DATA CENTRE
Source: Dell Labs, May 2008
31
POWER AND COOLING ISSUES
ARISE AS HOT AND COLD AIR MIX
3 kW per rack
6 kW per rack
10 kW per rack
32
REDUCE POWER CONSUMPTION
UP TO 15% WITH APC IN-ROW ©
CLOSE-COUPLED COOLING™
y Closely couples cooling with the heat
load, preventing exhaust air recirculation
y Ensures equipment temperatures are
constantly held to set point conditions
y Lowers total cost of ownership
y Principal or supplemental cooling
y Interoperable with Dell 42U Racks
33
OVERVIEW - INROW™ COOLING
AIRFLOW
Hot aisle air enters
from rear preventing
mixing
Cold air is supplied to
the cold aisle
Heat captured and
rejected to chilled
water
InRow RC
APC InfraStruXure InRow RC
Can Operate on hard
floor or raised floor.
34
REDUCE POWER CONSUMPTION
UP TO 30% BY RIGHT-SIZING YOUR
DATA CENTER WITH MODULAR
RIGHT SIZED COMPONENTS
– Modular and scalable power and cooling
– Pay only for what you need - when you need it
– Eliminate waste by avoiding over-sizing and under-utilizing your
data center
35
DATA CENTRES; BETTER
SOLUTIONS
36
DATA CENTRES; BETTER
SOLUTIONS
PARTNER COOLING SYSTEMS
IMPROVE DATA CENTER THERMALS
38
LIEBERT XD SOLUTIONS
yUp to 30% more
efficient than
traditional perimeter
cooling
Liebert XDV
yPractical,
Scalable &
Affordable
Liebert XDO
39
DATA CENTRES; ALTERNATIVE
METHODS
WHAT IS
FREE AIR COOLING?
DATA CENTRES; BETTER
SOLUTIONS
y In Northern Europe for a greater part of the year
the outside air temp is lower than the temp.
required for the Data Centre
y Free Air cooling utilises this lower outside air
Temperature rather than running Chiller plant
DATA CENTRES; BETTER
SOLUTIONS
y Typically you require a Delta of 7oC between the
outside temp & the Data Centre Temp.
y Therefore to achieve 25oC at the racks requires an
outside Temp of <18oC.
y Therefore the tighter you can control Rack
Temperature the better you can utilise alternate
methods of Cooling
DATA CENTRES; BETTER
SOLUTIONS
DATA CENTRES; BETTER
SOLUTIONS
y Most manufacturers of closed coupled cooling
state that they achieve a typical +/-1oC Temp.
Control across the full height of the Rack.
y Therefore being able to run closer to the 25oC
intake target & guaranteeing no hot spots means
utilising more free air cooling.
MONITORING
MONITOR WHAT IS HAPPENING
Information is power, you cannot make changes blind
ƒMonitor the incoming power to the data centre
ƒ Monitor the power to the individual racks
ƒ Monitor the power to the individual servers
ƒ Monitor the temperature at rack level
ƒMonitor the humidity at the individual racks
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SERVER POWER MONITORING:
IT NECESSITIES AT NO CHARGE
OpenManageTM and IT
Assistant alerting
• SNMP alerts sent upon
user defined power
thresholds
IT Assistant reporting
• Amperage per power
supply
Chart View of
the collected
data
Average/max/
Min for the
given System
• Energy consumed per
server
• Peak power and
amperage per server
• Aggregate energy
consumed by server
group
Aggregate
consumption, with
thresholds alerting
option
View
Chart/Export
data menu
47
APC INFRASTRUXURE PROVIDES A
CONSOLIDATED VIEW OF THE
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE LAYER
Enterprise Edition
APC InfraStruXure Central
y Real-time status monitoring
or energy consumption
y Instant Critical event
notification
y Improved response time
y Extensible platform grows
with your business
y Advanced Security
Cameras & Monitoring
Devices
y Eliminates the guesswork &
helps improve utilization
48
SO TO SUMMARISE:
Plan Thoroughly
Energy Efficient Servers
Monitor & Analyse
Data Center Best Practices
Advanced Cooling
Technologies
49
ANY
QUESTIONS?
IN-ROW COOLING
EFFICIENCY COMPARISON
Cooling Infrastructure Power Consumption
Cooling
Component
AHU Fan Power
Chilled Water Pump
Power
IRAH*
CAHU*
CRAH*
Units
20.4
55.0
52.0
kW/Hr
6.8
6.9
7.0
kW/Hr
81.9
87.3
86.8
kW/Hr
9.3
9.3
9.3
kW/Hr
11.0
11.7
11.6
kW/Hr
129.5
170.2
166.7
kW/Hr
0.26
0.34
0.33
kW/kW
113,442
149,095
146,029
$ USD
5.79
4.41
4.50
Chiller Power
Condenser Pump
Power
Cooling Tower
Power
Total Cooling Power
Consumed
EfficiencyMetric
(equation 1)
Annual Cooling
Operating Cost**
COP
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