July 2009
Industrial Human Interfaces
Setting the Standard for Low-Power Segment LCD Applications
Donnie Garcia
TM
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ABSTRACT
► Understand
how Freescale's LCD microcontrollers standup to
competition when designing for low power applications. Devices will
be compared in a head to head challenge that will show significant
improvement to battery life that has been accomplished with the
ultra low-power platform and a refreshed segment LCD driver.
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2
Product Comparison (Standby PWR) : LL16 vs. TI MSP430
Configuration
Segments
Configuration
MSP430F
G4618
IDD
LL16
IDD
PERCENT
Improvem
ent %
No Contrast control, Low power Mode, Crystal Oscillator enabled, 32Hz
frame rate, 4x22
ALL ON
6uA
1.8uA
70
No Contrast control, Low power Mode, Crystal Oscillator enabled, 32Hz
frame rate, 4x22
ALL OFF
5uA
1.2uA
76
No Contrast control, Low power Mode, Crystal Oscillator enabled, 32Hz
frame rate, 4x22
EVERY OTHER SEG
5.4uA
1.8uA
67
With Contrast control (3.08V), Low power Mode, Crystal Oscillator
enabled, 32Hz frame rate, 4x22
ALL ON
9.8uA
3.3uA
66
With Contrast control (3.08V), Low power Mode, Crystal Oscillator
enabled, 32Hz frame rate, 4x22
ALL OFF
7.4uA
2.0uA
73
With Contrast control (3.08V), Low power Mode, Crystal Oscillator
enabled, 32Hz frame rate, 4x22
EVERY OTHER SEG
7.9uA
3.3uA
58
Significant
improvement
Which is your choice?
LL16 beats MSP430 on the standby power consumption with over 70% improvement.
* Base on the same testing environment.
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3
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4
Agenda
► Setting the stage
• The Weight Class



•
Segment Displays
Low Power
Competitive Landscape
The Purse

► The
Market Analysis
Contender

S08 LCD Ultra Low Power Microcontrollers
► Tale of the Tape
• Specifications
• Analysis
► Round – 1
• No LCD Glass Measurements
► Round – 2
• LCD Glass Measurements
► Post
Fight Interview
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5
Setting the Stage
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6
Electronic Displays
► An
electronic display receives
electronic signals and outputs
information in a form that can
be processed by a user
•
Weight Class
Electronic displays provide a rich
user experience for many
applications
► Electronic display types
• Active Displays (Light Producing)

•
Color TFT
Passive Displays

Monochrome Segment
► Electronic Displays
reside on a
wide range of applications
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7
Display Spectrum
Display Technologies
Small-size Displays
Display Technologies
Small-size Displays
Med- to Large-sized Displays
Monitors, Terminals, TVs, etc
Med- to Large-sized Displays
Monitors, Terminals, TVs, etc
Organic Light Emitting
Monochrome Monochrome
LCD
Monochrome
LCD
Vacuum Fluorescent
LCD
Diode Displays
Segment-based
Dot-Matrix/Graphical
Display (VFD)
Segment-based
(OLED)
Monochrome LCD
Segment-based
Monochrome LCD
Dot-Matrix/Graphical
Organic Light Emitting
Diode Displays
(OLED)
Passive
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Vacuum Fluorescent
Display (VFD)
Color LCD/TFT
Graphical
LED Matrix
Color LCD/TFT
Graphical
LED Matrix
Active
TM
8
Monochrome Segment Benefits
► Low
•
•
•
Cost
One time tooling charge of 600USD. Included in tooling are 25 samples
Additional units vary in cost – $1 to $2 dollars
High volume pricing can be as low as 20 cents depending on the size of
glass
► Customization
► Low
Power
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9
Low Power
► Low power considerations
• Semiconductor manufactures consider
specifications
• Customers are looking for longer
battery life
Weight Class
► Bottom Line:
Designers want to
achieve application requirements
with low amounts of energy
► Creating a
low power design
requires attention to hardware and
software
•
Each component in a low power system
must be optimized to reach low power
► Low
power is a key requirement for
a wide range of applications
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10
Bottom Line: Designers want to complete application requirements with
low amounts of energy
Power Consumption
Run
Mode
Run
Mode
Low-power
run.
Stop3
Stop2
Time
► Applications require
different levels of operation during the
operating lifetime
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11
Competitive Landscape
► Many
semiconductor companies emphasize low power product
portfolios that include devices that have integrated LCD driver
peripheral
► With so
many companies emphasizing portfolios that contain low
power LCD devices, there is a great deal of competition in this
space.
► One
company stands out as the perceived leader in low power
operation. TI
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12
Low Power Market Overview - SAM
2009 Low Power SAM*
Electric Meters
(9.6%CAGR)
94Mu
The Purse
Gas Meters
(4.4% CAGR)
25Mu
Water Meters
(7.3% CAGR)
71Mu
Other (3V<$1)
(3% CAGR)
364Mu
Remote Controls
(16% CAGR)
29Mu
Medical (Battery
Powered)
(18%CAGR)
65Mu
* This includes LCD and Non LCD devices
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13
The Contender
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14
Milestones for S08 LCD Family
► The
S08 LCD family is the latest milestone for FSL 8bit
microcontrollers
► Integrating a very low power LCD driver peripheral, this family
has enabled a multitude of applications
S08 Family is introduced
Providing an increase in
Performance Lower power and
innovative new background
Debug mode
The Ultra Low power platform is
Created. This platform provides
Additional modes of operation and
Lower power peripherals to achieve
energy efficiency
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The S08 LCD family adds on to
The ultra low power platform a
Refreshed LCD peripheral that
Provides best in Class standby
Power consumption
TM
15
Introducing the S08 LCD Microcontroller Family
Integrated LCD Driver
► High
segment on-chip LCD driver module is software-configurable and eliminates
the need for separate display driver chip, reducing board space and total system
cost.
Flexible Pin Functionality
► With L family MCUs, developers can drive more segments with fewer pins,
enabling smaller connectors and smaller footprint. Different functionality
can be assigned to pins, enhancing design flexibility
Ultra-Low Power
► Developers can choose from a wide range of products within the family to
optimize their designs for power-conscious, cost-sensitive applications.
8-bit MCU families with industry-leading LCD capabilities, including the
ability to drive more segments with fewer pins (up to 8x mode).
In addition, the S08L family offers best-in-class, ultra-low-power performance.
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16
Freescale Low Power Features
► Multiple power-saving modes
• 6 modes totally
• Low-power run and wait modes
► Clock gating
for the peripherals
► Internal Clock Source
(ICS) module
allows to generate clock signals from a
variety of sources
► Ultra-low-power (ULP)
32kHz oscillator
► New voltage regulator
• Faster wake up times
6uS
power Peripherals Real Time
Counter
► Low
•
Ultra-low power Real Time Counter (RTC)
•
Low power ADC
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17
Modes of Operation
With one set of hardware 24 different modes of operation can be achieved that range
In power consumption from 390nA to 7mA.
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18
Key Differentiating Features
Fewer pins required to drive LCD segments
• 32 pins required for 192 segments in 8x24 mode
• 28 pins required for 160 segments in 8x20 mode
• 17 pins required for 104 segments in 8x13 mode
Low power blinking mode
• Internal software selectable regulated power supply that keeps constant voltage across LCD
glass to avoid degradation
• LL16 offers 4 bits resolution trim to adjust contrast control
(Only for S08 and V1 cores)
Front and back plane re-assignment
• FP and BP can be software selectable to be either FP or BP, making board layout an
easier task and very flexible for changes
Internal charge pump provides all voltages required to power up LCD glass
• Internal software selectable regulated power supply that keeps constant voltage across LCD
glass to avoid degradation
• LL16 offers 4 bits resolution trim to adjust contrast control
(Only for S08 and V1 cores)
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19
Tale of the Tape
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20
A paper comparison of 9S08LL16 with TI-MSP430
► What
•
•
•
•
can we learn from the documentation provided by TI and FSL?
What are the product offerings for Low Power LCD devices?
How do features match up between these two products?
What functionality can these products achieve?
What are the key specifications?
► Matching
The Tape
devices for feature by feature is difficult
►A
great deal can be learned from a paper analysis and information
can be gathered from websites
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21
Parametric Matching: Flash Size 16K
► TI’s
Offering with Flash Size (16K)
► 9S08LL16
•
•
•
•
•
Advantages
More RAM – 2K vs. 512
Higher Bus Speed – 10 Mhz vs. 8 Mhz
More Segments – 192 vs. 160 segments
Smaller Package – 64LQFP vs. 80LQFP to reach 160 segments
Lower Cost – Around 2USD vs. 5USD (Web Price)
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22
9S08LL16 RAM Advantage
► What are
•
•
•
the benefits of having additional RAM
Receive and process large data arrays without having to transfer data
from RAM to Non-Volatile Memory
Implement RAM routines to reduce system power (There is an
advantage to executing from RAM vs. FLASH)
Ease development effort with liberal use of RAM
► Drawback
•
of Additional RAM
RAM remains powered in standby modes. Having a larger RAM array
will affect standby power
► For
TI, 2K of RAM is offered on 48K flash devices
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23
Dual Flash Array Advantage
► Program
one flash array while
executing from another.
► Containing
dual flash arrays
can lower time spent
downloading to RAM in order to
use Flash as EEPROM
► Even
the LL8 contains a
separate flash array to achieve
this functionality
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24
High Performance and Low Power
►
S08LL16 devices can run at 20
MHz CPU frequency down to 1.8V
Configure peripherals in microseconds
Copy/search large data tables rapidly
Perform complex calculations faster
S08 devices are designed to run at high
frequency across all voltages
•
•
•
•
►
Flash programming at 1.8V while
typical competitors’ lowest is 2.2V
If working off batteries, with FSL part
customer can re-program flash
Ability to update variables/constants and
provides greater flexibility
•
•


Can save variables to flash before batteries die and are replaced
Can perform field s/w upgrades at any time, doesn’t require fresh
batteries
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25
9S08LL16 Value Advantage
► How
•
•
•
can 9S08LL16 lower BOM cost?
The LL16 is less than half the cost of the MSP430F425A
With the ability to drive 192 segments in only a 64pin package, the LL16
can achieve smaller designs (TI requires 80 pin packages to drive 160
segments)
With the Key LCD feature of Backplane Re-assignment, LCD glass
specification changes can be handled with firmware and Board Layout
can be optimize to reduce board size.
Low Cost, High Value
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26
Datasheet Comparison
•Datasheets provide useful information but there are
some open questions - ????
•Modes of operation do not align
•TI does not show Contrast Control enabled specifications
•TI shows static and x4 mode, FSL only shows x8
•Both cases do not show how adding an LCD glass will affect the power
•TI has 60C specifications, FSL has 70C
•The terminology is different
•What is the functionality of LPM3, LPM4, Stop2
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27
FSL LCD Characterization Data
► LCD
characterization has been completed for the 9S08LL16 device
► The
new LCD peripheral received a full characterization that has
tested all configurations and multiple LCD glass loads
► The
S08 LCD battery life calculator characterizes real world
configurations across VDD and Temperature
► Characterization
data can be used to address open questions from
specification comparisons
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28
Additional LCD characterization data
Every other
Segment on
58Hz frame
rate
All segments
off 32Hz frame
rate
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29
Segment LCD Roadmap
256K
3V Vdd, Low Power, Hi
Performance
128K
T-stat/Metering/Medical
64K
3V, Low Power
Portable medical/T-stat/Metering
16K
S08LL16
8x16=128
8K
S08LL8
8x16=128
5V, Hi EMI/EMC
16K
Appliance/Mete
ring/Cluster
51EM128
8x36=288
51EM128
8x36=288
S08LH/LL36
8x24=192
S08LH/LL36
8x36=288
S08LL16
8x24=192
S08LG32
8x29=232
S08LG32
8x37=296
S08LG16
8x29=232
RS08LA8
8x21=168
8K
4K
51EM256
8x36=288
S08LH/LL64
8x36=288
36K
32K
51EM256
8x36=288
RS08LE4
8x14=112
28Pin
48Pin
64Pin
100Pin
80Pin
RS08
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S08
CFV1
144Pin
CFV2
TM
30
The Matchups
► Summary
of device comparison
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31
Freescale vs MSP430
► Where the
•
MSP430 Wins:
Lower Run Idd at 1Mhz

Lower standby power results in lower overall power consumption due to the duty cycle
of low power medical devices.
► More Analog
•
2 x Op Amps

•
Freescale roadmap includes the 16-bit SAR. This technology will meet customer
requirements with lower power, lower cost, and increased flexibility, allowing
customers to vary capture speed and resolution to find the perfect balance.
2 x 12-bit DAC’s

► 16bit
•
Customers can perform this filtering using an off chip solution for $0.10 or for some
applications the filtering can be done using software (ex. Blood Pressure Monitor).
16-bit Sigma Delta ADC

•
Peripherals (In some Cases)
Customers can perform this conversion using an off chip solution for $0.10 or DAC’s
can be replaced by on chip PWM’s for some applications (ex. Blood Pressure).
CPU with DMA
Freescale roadmaps include 32bit devices that can match up well against higher
end TI devices
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32
Round 1: No LCD Glass Measurements
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33
No LCD Glass Measurements
► Taking
no LCD glass measurements will allow us the opportunity to
align our bench setup with the provided TI specifications
► No
LCD glass measurement will provide a baseline for the operation
for the device. This measurement will be the absolute lowest level
of operation supported (Adding LCD glass will only increase power
consumption)
Round 1
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34
Measurement
How do our measurements line
up with the TI specification?
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35
Enable the internal Charge Pump for Contrast Control
► Enable
the TI internal charge pump for contrast control configuration
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36
Measurement
How does enabling contrast
control change the power
consumption?
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37
Measurement
What is the difference in power
consumption versus the TI
device?
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38
Enable Contrast Control
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39
Measurement
What is the difference in power
consumption versus the TI
device?
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40
Summary of Measurements
► The
Contender already makes a move in the first round!
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41
Round 2: LCD Glass Measurements
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42
Improving our comparison with LCD glass measurements
► Adding
the LCD glass to the measurements will allow us to see how
the devices handle the additional load
► This
scenario more closely resembles a real world use case
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43
Review of LCD Electrical Behaviour
► LCD
behaves like a matrix of capacitors so adding the LCD glass
will increase the lode on each of the LCD driver pins
► The
number and size of segments that will be driven will affect the
power consumption
–
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44
LCD Glass description
► 4x22
LCD glass for 88 Segments
► Dimensions 1.5’’
► Total
wide, 0.5’’ high
segment area (size of load) is small
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45
Measurement
How has adding the LCD glass
affected the power consumption?
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46
FSL Application Software Configuration
► Configure
4x88 operation for the FSL device
What is the difference in power
consumption versus the TI
device?
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47
Repeat measurements with contrast control
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48
Round 2 Summary
With the addition of LCD glass the FSL device is still able to keep a hefty
Improvement in standby power consumption
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49
The Knock-out Punch
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50
Low Power Blinking Mode
► Many
applications require a blinking display to provide feedback
to the user
► On
TI’s LCD devices, the display can be blinked by setting a bit
► On
FSL devices, a pre-determined blink frequency can be
configured and the Display can blink while in standby mode
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51
Using Blink Mode
► Benefits of
using blink mode
► 1-
Blinking to a blank screen turns all segments off, leading to lower standby
current for the time that the screen is blank and lower average power consumption
due to less time spent in run mode
78°
78°
FSL
Stop Mode
TI
Run Mode
Run Mode
Run Mode
Run Mode
Stop Mode
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52
Using Blink Mode
►2
- Using the Alternate blink mode allows the application to remain
in Stop mode for longer periods of time.
► Example: Using alternate display to show time across 2 Seconds
7:54:01
7:54:02
7:54:04
7:54:03
FSL
Run Mode
Run Mode
Stop Mode
TI
Run Mode
Run Mode
Run Mode
Run Mode
Stop Mode
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53
FSL Application Software Configuration
► Enable
blink mode
Note difference between blank and
on display.
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54
Post fight interview: Conclusions
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Conclusions
►WHY IS
HAVING LOWER STANDBY POWER
CONSUMPTION SO IMPORTANT?
•
Standby power is the major contributor to average power consumption
for most low power applications
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MC9S08LL16 Thermostat Block Diagram
KBI
TOD
LCD
Sensor
ADC
SCI
Fan Control
Thermostat
System Requirements
TPM
►
Long battery life
► Abundant Segment
► High precision ADC
► Up to 16k Flash
Host, System
board
SPI
MC9S08LL16/8
Benefits
Wireless
►
►
Buzzer
►
Relay/LED
►
►
►
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Ultra-low power feature
Up to 192 segments
Up to 38 GPIO
Up to 18 LCD pins mux with
GPIO
12bit ADC
Add additional features
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Extending Battery Life—Clock Management
Power Consumption
Run Mode
Run MCU in
low-power run.
Slower frequency
bus to just take
ADC reading
Stop3 with RTC
Enabled
External 32 kHz Osc.
Stop2 with RTC
Enabled
Internal 1 kHz Osc.
Time
Run Mode
5 seconds elapsed, main
application runs, increases bus
frequency to complete task quickly
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Calculations using the benchmarking data and Data sheet
info for RUN Mode Power consumption
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Calculating Battery life using the results
► Though
TI has lower Run Mode current, with Run time being so
small FSL Still has a very clear advantage in average power
consumption
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Summary of LCD Family Benefits
► RAM
Size
► Dual Flash Arrays
► x8 muxing for more segments with less pins
► Flexible pin assignment
► Low power platform
► Low power LCD peripheral
► Blink modes
► All
these features with lower cost make the LL16 a breakthrough
solution for low power designs
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Q&A
► Thank
you for attending this presentation. We’ll now take a few
moments for the audience’s questions and then we’ll begin the
question and answer session.
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