Tactical Applications
of
Energy Storage
1 Dec 2015
Mr. Chris Bolton
Chief, Technical Management Division
PM Expeditionary Energy &
Sustainment Systems
UNCLASSIFIE
US Army Project Manager Expeditionary
Energy & Sustainment Systems (PM E2S2)
•  DoD Lead for Standard Tactical Power Sources
•  Expanding role for standardization of power distribution and energy
storage
•  Supporting the mobile tactical users (Command Posts and point of use
power systems), Combat Support Hospitals, and expeditionary basing
(Force Provider billeting and sustainment systems)
UNCLASSIFIED
2
PM E2S2 Capabilities
Small Unit &
Battery Power
Aerial Delivery Systems
Environmental
Control Systems
Air Supported Shelters
Power Generations Systems
Field Feeding
Power Distribution
Illumination Systems
Shower Water Reuse
Command Post
Support Systems
Microgrids
Contingency Basing Infrastructure
Rigid Wall Shelters
FOUO / UNCLASSIFIED
Ultra-Lightweight
Camouflage Net System
3
Army Acquisition Process for PMs
•  Emerging need generates a Requirements Document (Initial
Capabilities Document, Capability Development Documents, and
Capability Production Document). PM can’t go very far without one
•  Requirement goes to a Material Developer who determines if a
technology solution is feasible. Material Developer may influence
what level of document is needed based on maturity of technical
solution proposed
•  Requirement and resources required to implement suggested
material solution goes up to Pentagon to determine if resources
(both manpower and funding) are available to support. Different
types of funding may be required for different levels of effort
(technology development, engineering and manufacturing
development, production and deployment, and operations and
sustainment). FUNDING IS SPECIFIC TO ASSIGNED LEVEL!
4
15-Dec-15
Army Requirements for Energy Storage
THERE ARE NO STAND-ALONE REQUIREMENTS!
Why?
•  Payback on fuel savings for mobile tactical users is very long (small generators
running at part load don’t use much fuel)
•  Power equipment may only see 200-300 hours of use per year in peacetime
•  Mobile users have limited setup time and limited transport assets
•  Larger expeditionary bases have very large power demands; impacts of energy
storage limited for small ratios of kW-hr/kW
•  Limited analysis and recognition of power availability as a force multiplier
•  “Big Army”; one size fits all; hard to support sustainment equipment development
for limited users
5
15-Dec-15
Other Issues
•  Procurement funding (initial cost) and operational funding (fuel cost)
is controlled by different offices
•  Planned procurement for basing material is limited (some prepositioned stock); most expeditionary-type systems like Force
Provider are bought with operational funds when the need arises.
•  Advanced battery and DC power systems may be difficult to support
with current personnel training
•  No standardization
6
15-Dec-15
Good News!
•  Industry is rapidly increasing kW-hr/lb and kW-hr/$; solutions are
more attractive
•  Much more emphasis on reduced fuel and sustainment costs
•  More evidence supporting reduced maintenance costs via reduced
run time and efficient loading of generator sets
•  More awareness of capability adds via power availability and
reduced maintenance man-hours
•  More actual duty cycles are being documented; provide basis for
realistic analysis and equipment design criteria
•  Force Provider has a CDD that provides for blanket “energy
efficiency”; we just have to decide what is affordable and makes
sense
7
15-Dec-15
Path Forward
•  Continue to monitor and support REF and USMC initiatives
•  Remote start kits for standard generators
•  Logistical support (tech manuals, spares, etc.)
•  Test criteria
•  Standardization of energy storage
•  Identify other applications
•  High peak-to-average loads like tower systems and missile launchers
•  “Power storage” vs energy for inrush (engineer equipment, HVAC)
•  Grid stability
•  Increased use of photovoltaics
•  Develop, Demonstrate, Document!
8
15-Dec-15