Exam 3 Study Guide
Introductory Sociology Online
Chapter 10: Gender Inequality
Know the sociological definitions of sex and gender
Gender socialization - what is it, when does it begin, cultural variations (Margaret Mead’s study of New
Guinea tribes)
Sociological definitions of patriarchy and gender inequality
Trends in women’s labor force participation
Gender typing in paid labor (what is it?)
Gender pay gap trends
Definitions of comparable worth, the glass ceiling, and the glass escalator
Definitions of sexual harassment (quid pro quo & hostile work environment) and power
Division of household labor - who tends to do which tasks
Girls and boys and the educational system - how are they both treated, etc.
Talcott Parsons (instrumental and expressive tasks)
Feminist theories (their assumptions, the different types and what they emphasize)
Sex segregation - what is it, what types of jobs do women and men tend to do?
Human capital theory
UN Conference on Women
Men, women, and work (assumptions, attitudes towards careers, etc.)
The second shift
Workplace gatekeeping
Political status of women in the U.S.
Theories of natural gender differences
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Chapter 11: Ethnicity and Race
Racial literacy
Sociological definitions of race, racialization, ethnicity, situational ethnicity, symbolic ethnicity,
prejudice, discrimination (personal and institutional), institutional racism, and new racism
Scapegoating
Marital endogamy
Definitions and examples of genocide, ethnic cleansing, segregation
Why has racism thrived since European colonialism?
Definitions and examples of assimilation, pluralism, multiculturalism, and diasporas
Immigration trends over the past 200 years in the U.S. - who came to the U.S. and how?
Civil Rights legislation and relevant US Supreme Court decisions
Racial-ethnic inequality trends in the U.S.
Be familiar with Denton and Massey (residential segregation)
Sociological definitions and examples of minority group
Latinos – pop breakdown and income
Chapter 13: Government, Political Power, and Social Movements
Definitions and examples of government, politics, power, authority, and state
Differences between and characteristics of traditional and nation-states
Definitions of civil rights, political rights, social rights, welfare state, democracy, participatory
democracy, constitutional monarchy, and sovereignty
Globalization and the spread of liberal democracy (role of the mass media)
Characteristics of two-party and multiparty political systems
Interest groups, lobbying groups, and PACs (what do they do?)
Political parties
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Political theories - elitism (C. Wright Mills) and pluralism
Definitions of revolution and social movement (old and new)
Marx and political revolutions – what does he focus on?
Globalization and the use of the Internet - how do these relate to social movements, political change,
etc.?
Corporations and democracy
Smart mobbing
Voting - trends and who tends to vote and not vote and why
Chapter 14: Work and Economic Life
Definitions of work, occupation, economy, technology, informal economy, and the division of labor
What does work provide us with?
Differences between paid and unpaid labor
Work in traditional societies versus in contemporary societies (self-sufficiency in craft trades)
Economic interdependence
Frederick Taylor and scientific management (consequences of it, etc.)
Fordism
Karl Marx (alienation, capitalism, etc.)
Low- and high-trust work systems - what are their characteristics?
Strikes
Union membership trends, union density, etc.
Characteristics of capitalism and types (i.e. family, managerial, etc.)
Corporations (and transnational ones) - differences between the economy of large corps versus small
businesses
Monopoly
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Entrepreneurialism
Forms of capitalism – managerial, institutional
Transnational corporations
Recent changes in the American occupational structure - manufacturing compared to service sector jobs
Enterprise webs (and large corporations)
The "new" economy
Automation, group production, and quality circles
Role of transportation and communications advancements in business
Mass customization
Importance and meaning of work to Americans
Deindustrialization
Unemployment
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