Solon Board of Education
Woodworking Module:
Part One
Basis Woodworking Concepts
By: Mrs. Aughinbaugh
Industrial
Technology
8th Grade
Woodworking module
Day 1
Today’s learning target
To clearly understand the safe use of all machines
To determine what you know about woodworking and what you
want to know
Materials:
KWL
Journal
Scale Worksheet
Pencil
Vocabulary Page
Board Ft. Worksheet
Folder
Fill out a K-W-L (Column one and two only)
o Tell me what you already know about woodworking in
column one
o Tell me what more you want to learn in column two.
Safety review
o Go over the safety rules and make sure you have a
signed copy on file in your folder
Words in BOLD are part of your vocabulary list
(Refer to your Project Outline card for exact words and recording space)
Scale = size and proportion
o If something is to scale then it is an exact replica of
something else either several times smaller or several
times larger.
o Complete the Scale worksheet and put it in your folder
when complete.
Board foot = calculation you use to determine if you have
enough wood for the project.
o Complete the board foot worksheet and put it in your
folder when complete.
Woodworking module
Waste = This is the material left over from the project.
For a project to be economical = waste needs to be kept to
a minimum. No more than 10% waste.
Define only the words you learned today.
Write in your journal what you did today and review where
you should start tomorrow.
Woodworking module
Day 2
Today’s learning target
To review how to read a technical drawing and create pattern
pieces for layout to ensure minimal waste.
Materials: Drafting Supplies
Folder/Pencil
Scissors
Drawings of Projects
Paper
T-Square/Triangles/Tape
Project Design
Pick one – your teacher has drawing for these projects.
o Gumball machine
o Basketball game
o Note holder
You will need to pick one and create paper patterns of all
necessary pieces to layout on the wood.
Layout is when you move the patterns around on the wood to
make sure to have minimal waste and are working within the
limitations (what you can and cannot do in the creation
process)
Patterns also allow you to check measurements before you
cut so you know they are correct.
Clean up all materials used. Put all tools back in their proper
place.
Write in your journal what you did today and where you should
start tomorrow.
Woodworking module
Day 3
Today’s learning target
To learn how to layout a project on a piece of wood
Materials: Pencil
Drill Press
Wood
Band Saw
Folder
Scroll Saw
Project layout
*** PENCIL ONLY to transfer marks to wood ***
Get the length of wood that you need from your teacher
Measure and mark wood
The longest part of each pattern must go with the grain line
to ensure the most strength. Remember: Grain line is the
natural lines that occur in the wood and show which
direction the tree grew
Always have all measurements checked (even if patterns
have been checked) by teacher before you cut anything.
o The golden rule of woodworking:
“Measure twice, cut once”
If your project is ready for cutting have instructor check
and discuss any parts that need a hole drilled.
Clean up all materials used and put tools away in their proper
location.
Write in your journal what you did today and where you should
start tomorrow.
Woodworking module
Day 4
Today’s learning target
To learn how to properly mark and drill holes in project
Materials: Mallet
Drill Press
Scratch Awl
Drill Bits
Ruler Pencil
Folder
Marking holes
o Find the point to which you need to drill
o If it is in the center you can find center by taking a
straight edge across opposite corners. Where the
lines cross should be center.
o Tap the center using a mallet and a scratch awl or
center punch
Drilling all holes
o Sometimes it is easier to clamp a piece of wood to drill
holes in a large section then when it is cut down
o When all necessary holes are in place you can cut
pieces to size.
o Remember to cut with the saw just outside your drawn
lines so you can sand to the lines to ensure exact
measure.
Clean up all materials used
Write in your journal what you did today and where you should
start tomorrow.
Woodworking module
Day 5
Today’s learning target
To learn finishing techniques for a smooth and complete project
Materials: Files/Rasp
Folder
Sand paper
Pencil
Sanding block
Filing and Sanding
o All pieces should be smooth to the touch.
o Maintain all edges to ensure proper connections.
o Your wood should feel smooth on all sides
o There should be no visible marks
****Sanding takes more than a few seconds.***
Start with a file and work your way to sand paper.
Abrasives should be worked from roughest to smoothest
Clean up all materials used
Write in your journal what you did today and where you should
start tomorrow.
Woodworking module
Day 6
Today’s learning target
To learn finishing techniques for a complete project
Materials: Tack Cloth
Brushes
Folder
Finish (Stain, Pain, OR Polyurethane)
Paper Towel
Scrap blocks
Pencil
Finishing
Before a finish can be applied to your project pieces use a tack
cloth to remove any remaining dust or debris by wiping each piece
down. If the cloth snags on any piece that part needs to be
sanded again. Make sure all visible pencil lines have been
removed.
Finish all connective pieces
Note: Stain or paint must be applied before Polyurethane seal
Use the polyurethane to seal your project
Place on paper towel with scraps of wood between paper towel and
project for support
Brush all pieces with the large sponge brush
Move to project room and let dry over night
Wash brush with soap and water and put away finish
Complete tech terms on your sheet
Clean up all materials used
Write in your journal what you did today and where you should
start tomorrow.
Woodworking module
Day 7
Today’s learning target
To learn finishing techniques for a complete project
Materials: Steel Wool
Paper Towels
Tack cloth
Scrap Blocks
Polyurethane
Folder/Pencil
Finishing part 2
Go over all pieces with steel wool, an abrasive for smoothing
between coats of finish, to remove all rough edges
Wipe with tacky cloth again
Finish all connective pieces with a second coat
Set up with paper and blocks as you did in Day 6 directions
Move to project room and let dry over night
Wash brush with soap and water and put away finish
Complete tech terms on your sheet
Clean up all materials used and place items back in their proper
place.
Write in your journal what you did today and where you should
begin tomorrow.
Woodworking module
Day 8
Today’s learning target
To learn how to connect material to form a project
Material: Glue
Folder
Wet paper towel
Pencil
Clamps
Gluing
Go over side two with steel wool and Tack Cloth if necessary
Glue pieces together double check with instructor before
any glue is applied
Wipe any glue that seeps out with a wet paper towel
Glue needs 10 minutes to set but 24 hours to be permanent
Clean up all materials used
Write in your journal what you did today and where you should
start tomorrow.
Woodworking module
Day 9
Today’s learning target
To learn how to make any touch up to a project to ensure its
quality based on a rubric
Materils: glued project
Pencil
woodworking rubric
Folder
Pulling the project together
Make any final gluing for your project
Go over the woodworking rubric to make sure your project
meets all standards
Make sure terms are done as well as journal.
Clean up all materials used
Write in your journal what you did today and where you should
start tomorrow.
Woodworking module
Day 10
Today’s learning target
Organization and submission of work
Materials: Folder
Pencil
Outline card
Journal
KWL(with completed “L”)
All worksheets for this module
Tech Terms sheet
Patterns Project
Due by end of period
REVIEW ALL WORK AND MAKE SURE IT IS COMPLETE.
If you need your vocabulary to study for tomorrows assessment
have them graded before you leave so you can take them with
you.
Make sure all work is organize and everything on outline card has
been completed.
Turn in when done
Woodworking module
Scale Worksheet
Name: _________________ Period: ____________
Read the following:
□ If I were to write 6” that should be read 6 inches
□ If I were to write 6’ that should be read 6 feet
□ If I were to write 1” = 1’ that would mean that every inch on
a ruler would represent a foot in real life. This is known as 1
to 1 scale and written 1=1.
□ So if you have a scale of ½”=1’ that would mean that every
half inch on a ruler would represent a foot in real life. This
is known as half scale.
Directions: Write out all words Ex: 3” read as Three Inches
Draw each line below in a 1=1 scale
1. 3’ is read as Three _________
Draw 3’ with a ruler
2. 4-1/2’ is read four and one half _______
Draw a 4-1/2’ with a ruler
3. 2’ is read as ___________________________________
Draw a 2’ line below
4. 3-1/4’ is read as ________________________________
Draw a 3-1/4’ line below
5. If you were given a scale that read ¾” = 1’ What would that
mean?
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Woodworking module
Board foot is:
A unit of cubic measure for lumber, equal to one foot square by one inch thick
Board foot is calculated by
Unlike softwoods, which are sold in standardized dimensions, hardwoods are sold in
random widths and lengths. So to tell how much wood hardwood boards contain, they are
measured in board feet. "Board Feet" is a volume measurement. One board foot equals
144 cubic inches.
Often, a board foot is illustrated as a board 1"-thick x 12"-wide x 12"-long, but you'll
rarely find lumber in those dimensions. Any board containing a total of 144 cubic inches
of wood equals one board feet, regardless of its proportions.
To calculate the number of board feet in a piece of lumber, multiply the board's
thickness by its width, then its length, all in inches. Then divide by 144:
(thickness x width x length)/144
For example, a 1" x 9" x 96"-long board equals six board feet (1x9x96=864/144=6). If
this board were 1-1/2"-thick, it would contain 9 board feet (1.5x9x96=1296/144=9).
For these purposes, a 3/4"-thick board is considered to be a full inch thick.
Thinner stock is not typically described in board feet. Also, hardwood thickness is
expressed differently than softwood -- in quarters of an inch. A 4/4 (say "fourquarter") board is 1"-thick. A 1-1/2"-thick board is expressed as 6/4. This often
reflects the rough-sawn thickness. Surfaced lumber will be slightly thinner.
Calculate board feet for the following:
What is the board foot of a piece of wood that is
1” x 6” x 36” (1 point)
________________________________________
1” x 8” x 10” (1 point)
________________________________________
Which type of wood is described by this measure?
_________________________ (1 point)
Why do lumber yards use this calculation?
__________________________________________________
____________________________________________