International Journal of Information Services and Technology
ISSN: Vol.1 No.1, 2014, pp. 16-20
© Central Library, KL University, www.kluniversity.in
Department of Computer Science, University Library
Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
Email:atul.gosai@gmail.com
nehagosai.7@gmail.com
Abstract In the world of wireless technology, it gives more services to the users for rapid development in short time period.
This paper presents new wireless technologies for fast data transmission on mobile devices that helping system to grow. This paper will cover many wireless technologies like WIFI, WIMAX,
Bluetooth, WSN etc. for different applications. WIFI stands for Wireless Fidelity that is standardized by IEEE committee.
IEEE 802.11 are the WIFI standards. 802.11 familiesinclude many over-the-air modulation techniques [16]. WIMAX stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access.Certified by IEEE 802.16. WIMAX is a wireless MAN technology that provides interoperable broadband wireless connectivity to users. Its available up to 50kms of the service area [16].
Bluetooth works in 2.4GHZ ISM band. It covers 100m area [16].
Bluetooth is the first wireless interface for mobile devices [10].
WSN stands for Wireless Sensor Network. It is a special kind of network that is differs from other wireless networks. It is use to collect information from different environments. We can use this kind of network at home, offices, transportations, healthcare’s, libraries etc. Like any other wireless technologies WSN also have concerns about security, scalability and reliability. So this paper presents how these emerging technologies are differ from one another. Finally gives conclusion from all these technologies.
each other. These all are used to create a perfect connected environment. As described in fig. 1 wireless technology will have some interconnectivity between each other. These all are used to create a perfect connected environment. So we can say in air-conditioning, lightning, smoke alarms and in library network zigbee technology was used.When we want to pass data thatis paired up by hotspots. We use Wi-Fi or
WiMAX. And these all technologies are very useful in any network and we can work properly with it and make any application. These technologies helping us to stay connected.
These all technologies are available and some others might be available in future development. So in next section we will discuss about these different wireless technologies and its benefits, data transmission rates, configurations and also compare these all technologies and concluding with the best out of these.
Keywords : IEEE , WIFI, WIMAX, Bluetooth, WSN.
I.INTRODUCTION
This paper starts describing emerging wireless technologies. It is the one that provides different methods to solve wireless problems. We can easily connect wirelessly with any devices like mobile through these types of technologies. It is cost-effective [7]This paper presents
802.a/b/g technologies that are known as WIFI technologies.
To monitor different type of sensor networks we require technology called ZigBee. In wireless Access WIMAX technology is used for large broadband fixed wireless access cells. As described in fig. 1 most of the wireless technologies will have some interconnectivity between
Fig. 1 Types of wireless technologies [17]
II. WIFI(W
IReless
F
IDelITy
)
During past several years demands of wireless LAN is increased. WIFI is the most commonly used in mobile devices and computers. WIFI is a data Transmission system that is used to establish network between two devices using radio waves [7]It allows access in 100m area [11]. Its coverage is
16 IJIST Vol.1 No.1 July - December 2014

Atul M Gonsai, Nilesh N Soni, and NehaGoswami depends on weather is about 300m [11].
A. Benefits
We can define benefits of WIFI as under:
•
•
• It usesISM (Industrial Scientific Manufacturing) band that is free for public.
It is connection oriented.
It uses different versions of 802.11 b/a/g/n.
It’s costing is low.
Release
Date
1999
TABle I Ieee 802.11B [18]
Frequency
Data
Rate \
Data
Rate(MAX)
2.4 GHz
6.5
Mbit/s
11 Mbit/s
3. IEEE 802.11a:
Range
(indoor)
~30 meters(~100 feet)
This standard was not interoperable with 802.11b, except if using equipment that is using both the standard [18]. As describe in [table 2] it has 54 Mbit/s data rate [18]
B . Standards in WIFI
802.11b
11Mbps, DSSS,
2.4GHz
802.11a
54Mbps, OFDM
5GHz
R eleAse
D
ATe
1999
TABle II Ieee 802.11A [18]
F
ReqUeNCy
5GHz
D
ATA
R
ATe
D
ATA
R
ATe
(MAX)
25 Mbit/s 54 Mbits/s
R
ANGe
(
INDOOR
)
~30 meters(~100 feet)
802.11g
54Mbps, OFDM
2.4GHz
4. IEEE 802.11g:
802.11n
600Mbps
2.4or5GHz
20/40 MHz BW
SISI/MIMO
As describe in following table this standard was work in 2.4 GHz frequency.
Devices operating in this range include Bluetooth devices, microwave ovens, and cordless telephones[18].
TABle III Ieee 802.11G [18]
802.11af
TV white space operation
802.11ac
Very High Throughput
6GHz
802.11ad
Very High Throughput
60GHz
R eleAse
D
ATe
F
ReqUeNCy
D
ATA
R
ATe
June
2003
2.4 GHz
D
ATA
R
ATe
(MAX)
25 Mbit/s 54 Mbits/s
R
ANGe
(
INDOOR
)
~30 meters(~100 feet)
Under Development ( not publish yet)
5. IEEE 802.11n:
Fig. 2 802.11 Standards Evolution
C . Various Standards in WIFI
Here is the description of all the standards of IEEE that is describing WIFI[18]
1. IEEE 802.11:
It was an extended network of LAN,Andalso called
Wireless Ethernet(WE) [11]. This standard was released in
1997 with the frequency of 2.4 GHz and Data rate of 1 and
2Mbit/s[18]. It uses different standards that are under 802.11 are as under:
2. I IEEE 802.11b:
It is 802.11 wireless standard families. This is a modified version of 802.11 and use DSSS ( Direct-sequence spread spectrum ) technique.
This standard is 100 times faster hen 802.11b and 10 times faster than 802.11a or 802.11g. This standard was faster because of MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output). That increase throughput and that’s why it increase speed. The Enhanced
Wireless Consortium (EWC) was used to help 802.11n development process and promote technology specification for interoperability of next generation WLAN products.
Release
Date
April
2008
TABle IV Ieee 802.11N [18]
Frequency
Data
Rate
Data
Rate(MAX)
2.4 GHz or
5 GHz
200
Mbit/s
540Mbits/s
Range
(indoor)
~50 meters(~160 feet)
IJIST Vol.1 No.1 July - December 2014 17

6. IEEE 802.11ac:
IEEE 802.11ac is a wireless networking standard in the 802.11 family(which is marked under the brand named
WIFI). Provides high throughput wireless LANs on the 5GHz band. This standard was developed in 2011 through 2013 and approved in January 2014. This standard has Multistation
WLAN throughput of atleast 1gigabit/s and a single link throughput of atleast 500megabit/s. As described in [fig 2] it has very high throughput 6GHz. According to Wikipedia.org
[18] devices with 802.11ac specifications are expected to be common by 2015 with an estimated one billion spread around the world.
Emerging Wireless Technologies for Fast Data Transmission on Library Network
A piconet is a collection of Bluetooth devices which are synchronized to the same hopping sequence. piconet is a
WPAN used by Bluetooth device that is serving as a master and one or more Bluetooth devices are serving as slaves[4].
As describe in fig. 3 Slaves only communicate with the master with point-to-point fashion under the control of the master.
Masters transmission is may be point-to-point or opint-tomultipoint. Slaves can be in parked or standby mode so it reduces power consumptions.
S
P
WIM AX(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access)
M
IEEE approved the 802.16 standards in June 2004 [7].
WIMAX technology support 70 Mbps speed and range of 48
KMs. WIMAX is used for wireless technologies like WIFI.
WIMAX supports high data rates, maximum use of bandwidth and avoid interference. It is the higher performing version of
WIFI [1]. The main purpose of the WIMAX is to achieve worldwide interoperability for microwave access. WIMAX uses Microwave radio technology for connection to internet.
In WIMAX uses within 4 to 8 kilometres of the base station will be able to establish a link using non line-of-sight(NLOS) technology with high data rate as 75Mbps [7].
S
SB
Fig. 3 Piconet
S
Scatternet is the collection of piconets. A device in scatternet is may be slave in many piconet but master in only one of them[4].
A. Benifits we can define benefits of WIFI as under:
• It is connection less.
• Depends on the networks establishments.
• Use versions of 802.16.
• Medium bandwidth.
• It has many of access points.
• It provides High data rates and multimedia services.
IV. BLUETOOTH
It is under IEEE 802.15.1 standard.It works under wireless PAN and utilize 10 Mbps datarates[2]. It is only for indoor use. And get interference from sunrays. It uses in short rang up to 100m[2]. It works in 2.4 GHz ISM band and uses frequency hopping [2]. We are using this technology for communication. Each technology that usesBluetooth has its own profile. Two connectivity topologies are defined in
Bluetooth that is: Piconet and Scatter net.
Fig. 4 Scatternet
V. WsN(W
IReless
s eNsOR
N eTWORk
)
In WSN the data are collected [10] from nodes and routed to central server for other processing [12]It is used to collect data from short range. Bluetooth and GPRS technology used for further process for transmission it uses Bluetooth and for receiving data mobile gateway use ZigBee. To monitor different type of motion, Environmental condition and all sensors are required. It is cost effective.
18 IJIST Vol.1 No.1 July - December 2014

Atul M Gonsai, Nilesh N Soni, and NehaGoswami
Host Computer
Node1
Node 3
Node 2
TABle IV C
OMpARIsON OF WIReless
TeCHNOlOGIes [10]
Bluetooth ZigBee UWB Wi-Fi WiMAX
Protocol standard
Frequency band/Hz
Rate/bps
Power consumption
Security
802.15.1
2.4G
1M
>10mW
High
802.15.4
868/915M,
2.4G
20-250K
<10mW
High
802.15.3
802.11b,
802.11g
3.1-
10.6G
2.4G/5G
53-480M 11-54M
>10mW
High
>10mW
Low
802.16
2-11G
70M
>10mW
Medium
Transmission distance
10m 100m 40m 200M 30m
Gateway
(Ethernet )
Fig. 5 WSN Diagram[12]
Node4
VII. D
IFFeReNT ApplICATIONs FOR
e
MeRGING WIReless
TeCHNOlOGIes
Nodes are the part of wireless sensor network through gateway.Gateway collect data from node and pass to the host node as shown in fig. 5 this all is done by Ethernet.
A.Benifits
• We can use it for security purpose in different applications.
• Easy to install.
• Fast data acquisition.
• No maintenance cost.
VI. COMPARISON OF ALL WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
A. Local online monitoring application
Used with Bluetooth as a part of substation automation system
[2].Sphero,BoseSoundLink,casio G-Shock Bluetooth watch,
Phantom keyless Home Entry, Think Geek Retro Phone handset.these all are Bluetooth applications that are currently available.
B. 4G LTE car[21]
Used with 4G LTE that means owner can use turn the car into a rolling internet hotspot? It is the application of WIFI.
In different wireless technologies we have different bandwidth, power consumption and range. The widely used wireless technologies are ZigBee, WIFI, WIMAX, Bluetooth,
WSN etc. Each has its own characteristics and benefits.
Bluetooth is the first wireless device for mobile phones and bandwidth. Range of the device is increase in last couple of years. For example, modern devices can work faster as compared to older ones. WIFI is the brand name that is for
LAN technologies based on IEEE 802.11. it typically covers full house or library. Datarate is reduced to 1 Mbit/s and below at the more distance. We have to install WIFI access point. In the context of library network WIFI is used for connecting different devices and for internet access for book availability.
WIMAX is also a technology used for wireless broadband access provisioning as an alternative to cable connections.
As shown in table IV we can see that power consumption of
ZigBee is less than others which can decrease radiation effect and save the cost of energy and its transmission distance is about 100m. Compared to other network technologies the only weakness of ZigBee (WSN) is low transmission rate.
ZigBee uses small, low-power digital radios based on IEEE
802.15.4 standard that intended to use by library embedded applications for low cost and low power consumption.
C.
It allows engineers to quickly and cost-effectively add wireless capabilities to virtually any products. It is the application of WSN.
D.
Wireless RF remote system[20]
Military Application[22]
C
ONClUsION
This paper presents different wireless technologies and gives broad overview of WIFI, WIMAX, Bluetooth, WSN etc.
With comparison of the protocol standard, datarate, security,
Transmission rate, frequency etc. here, we overviewed all the wireless technologies that are current in the market. In the above section we compare all these technologies and found that wireless sensor network is the best technology for library network. All other technologies are good but all have some drawbacks like Bluetooth is in short range and so on.
But WSN technology ZigBee is the best out of all emerging wireless technologies because of its low power consumption
IJIST Vol.1 No.1 July - December 2014 19

and high speed in short range equipment’s. ZigBee networks are used for low duty cycle sensor networks (<1%) [17]. as we described in above sections.
Emerging Wireless Technologies for Fast Data Transmission on Library Network
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