Basic Economics of
10GE over Structured UTP
IEEE 802.3 10GBASE-T Study Group
Ahmet Tuncay
10GE LAN Application
Requirements
!
Gig-to-the-Desktop Migration
!
!
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Distributed Computing
!
!
!
Fat Pipes for system connection
16 to 48 ports per data-center Switch (typical cluster
size)
IP Storage
!
!
!
Stackable Switch Aggregation (10GE uplinks)
8 to 16 ports per data-center Switch
Aggregation for storage systems
32 to 64 ports per data-center Switch (typical SAN
size)
All require < 10 x $[1000BASE-T] connection
1/2/2003
IEEE Vancouver Jan 2003
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Enterprise (LAN) Statistics
!
!
Over 600 million
Ethernet UTP
ports are
installed
Nearly all new
installs are
CAT5e & CAT6
UTP
50% of data
centers have
only UTP
Ports (Millions)
!
Ethernet Port Shipments per Year
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
421
375
325
Copper
268
208
Fiber
208
Wireless
26
3
2000
41
10
30
6
2001
2002
50
14
2003
58
17
2004
69
21
2005
Year
Cahners In-Stat July 2001
1/2/2003
IEEE Vancouver Jan 2003
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UTP Transition Case Studies
1,000,000
100,000
41,069
62,283
10Mbps Total
Ports (K)
25,902
Ports Shipped (1000's)
15,974
35,136
9,835
10,000
4,158
53,287
22,161
6,035
13,666
100Mbps Total
Ports (K)
6,077
1,442
10Mbps UTP
Ports (K)
3,095
100Mbps UTP
Ports (K)
1,000
222
363
1GE Total
Ports (K)
100
1GE UTP
Ports (K)
13
Sources:
Switch Port Shipment: Dell’Oro
NIC & LOM Shipments: Smith Barney
Copper IC Shipments: Smith Barney
10
1
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
It’s about the Cost of Ownership
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IEEE Vancouver Jan 2003
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LAN Cost of Ownership Elements
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Capital Equipment
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
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Switch (HW, SW) –
Chassis, Module, Port
NIC Port (HW, SW)
Cabling & Connectors
Labor
Closet/HVAC
Patch cords
Patch panels
Wall boxes
Operating
!
!
!
!
!
Moves, Adds, Changes
Maintenance & monitoring
tools & time
Troubleshooting & repair
tools & time
Training & materials
FCAPS (Fault,
Configuration, Accounting,
Performance, Security)
Management
IEEE Vancouver Jan 2003
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LAN Capital Cost Comparison
2007 Sample Network Cost Comparison
Relative Cost
NIC Port
Overall network connectivity costs
dominated by the cost of the
silicon &/or optics on NICs &
switch ports.
Switch Port
Cabling & Connectors
Labor
Closet/HVAC
Patchcords
Patch Panel
1000BASE-T 10GBASE-T
Installed
Installed
Structured
Structured
Wiring
Wiring
10GBASE-T
New Cat-5e
UTP
10GBASE-T
New Cat-6
UTP
10G Installed 10G New 50u
50u MMF w/ MMF - 850nm
VCSEL
850nm
VCSEL
Wall Boxes
Sample data-center network of 25 application servers, 6 back-end servers,
Connected over structured cabling (average link 85m).
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IEEE Vancouver Jan 2003
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LAN Capital Cost Trends
Sample Network Total Cost Comparison
(Normalized to 1000BASE-T in 2007)
35
33
Normalized Relative Cost
30
25
10GBASE-T Installed
Structured Wiring
27
26
17
10GBASE-T New
Cat-6 UTP
18
15
5
10GBASE-T New
Cat-5e UTP
22
20
10
10GBASE-T trend will
get us to 10x
performance at 3x price
3
10G Installed 50u
MMF w/ 850nm
VCSEL
11
2
1
7
1
2006
2007
0
2004
1/2/2003
1000BASE-T
Installed Structured
Wiring
2005
Year
IEEE Vancouver Jan 2003
10G New 50u MMF 850nm VCSEL
7
Closer Look at Ethernet LAN
Equipment
Departmental
Switches
W2K
NT
Storage
Devices
(iSCSI HBA)
Corporate
Servers/Filers
Unix
Collapsed
Backbone
Corporate
Storage
NAS
Cache/
Router
DRAM
MAC
UTP
PHY
MAC
UTP
PHY
SRAM
BackPlane
I/f
Departmental
Servers/Filers
NP
Ctrl
Proc
DRAM
MAC
UTP
PHY
MAC
UTP
PHY
DRAM
SRAM
uP
(TCP Offload)
WAN/
Internet
MAC
UTP
PHY
Bus Controller
Server: NIC or HBA
Switch: Multi-port I/O Blade
1/2/2003
IEEE Vancouver Jan 2003
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LAN Equipment Cost Factors
UTP solutions have significant cost advantages
1/2/2003
IEEE Vancouver Jan 2003
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PHY Cost Elements
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Analog Front End (AFE) & DSP
!
!
!
!
!
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CMOS Process, Mask & Metal Layers
Die & Package Size, Package Pin Count
Gate & Transistor count, memory
Power supplies, heat sinks
Clocks, external circuits
UTP Front End
!
1/2/2003
Magnetics, Transformers, Regulator(s),
Discretes
IEEE Vancouver Jan 2003
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PHY ASP Comparison
Ethernet PHY IC ASPs (Per Port)
.13 CMOS
10/100 Single
PHY
First Standard
Products 9x$
of 1000Base-T
Relative Cost
10/100
Quad/Octal PHY
.35 CMOS
First Standard
Products 9x$
of 100Base-T
1000BASE-T
Single PHY
1000BASE-T
Quad/Octal PHY
.22 & .18 CMOS
ASP approaches unity
When desktop market
Drives demand/volume
Regardless of initial price
.13 CMOS
10GBASE-T
Single PHY
10GBASE-T
Quad/Octal PHY
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Year
1/2/2003
IEEE Vancouver Jan 2003
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Summary
!
!
!
!
UTP media dominates LAN cabling & will not be
obsoleted by anything else
UTP wins in the LAN due to operational
experience & lowest cost of ownership
Economic benefits of using UTP for 10GE in the
LAN are apparent & easily quantifiable
10GBASE-T enables 10GE deployment by
lowering capital equipment & ownership costs
to levels expected by traditional Ethernet
1/2/2003
IEEE Vancouver Jan 2003
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