On Using technology to meet curriculum standards. Computer-Using Educators, Inc. Online Ethics & Ethical Behavior Thoughtful Practices for Today’s Online World Inside : • Plagiarism? Blame the Assignment • Ethical Use • Copyright Sanity • It’s Research Time Fall 2006 | Vol. 28 | No. 3 Full Page Ad Fall 2006 OnCUE www.cue.org fall 2006 mission Contents Bits and Bytes Legislative Update • EBCUE Teacher Awards........................18 OnCTAP.............................................................................19 Features Ethical Use of the Read/Write Web........................................10 Mark Wagner It’s Research Time—Do You Know .......................................14 Where Your Students Are Searching? Janice Morrison & Kathleen Ferenz Departments Tech Coordination: Plagiarism? Blame the Assignment...........12 Doug Prouty Professional Development: What Rights are the Right Rights?.....13 Barbara Bray Tips & Tricks: Dramatic Drawing.........................................16 Linda Oaks The CUE Review.................................................................20 Sandra Burdick Columns UpFront: C is for Copyright..................................................5 Mike Lawrence President’s Column: A Good Field Trip.................................7 Scott Smith The Bleeding Edge: Copyright Sanity in an Insane World.......8 David D. Thornburg, Ph.D. CUE Information & Forms Annual CUE Conference: Sharing the Summit .....................4 CUE Awards & Board of Directors ......................................19 Nominations Information CUEtoYOU Professional Development..................................21 CUE Membership Application..............................................22 Calendar................................................................ Back Cover CLMS/CLHS/CUE Technology Conference . ........... Back Cover CUE CUE promotes and supports the effective use of technology in the educational community. Editor Sara Armstrong, Ph.D. oncue@cue.org Layout Kesler Communications Contributing Writers Barbara Bray, Brian Bridges, Sandra Burdick, Tim Landeck, Doug Prouty, Linda Oaks, David Thornburg, Chris York Advertising Paid advertising accepted in accordance with editorial policy. For ad deadlines or additional information, please contact CUE Inc., 387 17th Street, Suite 208, Oakland, CA 94612, 510.814.6630. OnCUE journal (ISSN 0739-9553) is published and bulkmailed four times during the academic year by ComputerUsing Educators, Inc., and is one of the benefits of membership. Membership for CUE is $40/year, U.S. regular rate, $30/year, U.S. student rate, and $20/year emeritus (retired rate. Corporate memberships are available. Entire contents Copyright 2006 by CUE, Inc., unless otherwise indicated. All rights reserved. To reprint articles that are copyrighted by the author, you must contact the author for permission. All other items may be reprinted for educational use, but not for sale, with the provision that proper credit is given to OnCUE and to the author, if any. 2006/2007 CUE, Inc. Board of Directors Scott Smith, President scott@visalia.k12.ca.us Jan Half, Vice President/Treasurer jandot5@mac.com Debra White, Secretary dclarewhit@mail.telis.org Sharon Sutton, Member at Large ssutton@ucla.edu Hall Davidson, Member at Large hall_davidson@discovery.com Terry Faherty, Member tfaherty@nvusd.k12.ca.us Steven Glyer, Member sglyer@nmusd.k12.ca.us Brian Bridges, Member bbridges@ctap6.k12.ca.us Barbara Keenoy, Member bkeenoy@erusd.k12.ca.us Mike Lawrence, Executive Director mlawrence@cue.org Computer-Using Educators, Inc. 387 17th Street, Suite 208 Oakland, CA 94612 Phone 510.814.6630 | Fax 510.444.4569 REGISTER NOW FOR EARLY BIRD PRICING! 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Contact Think4inc for more information Phone: 800.768.5521 • Fax: 928.777.9293 • Web:think4inc.com Fall 2006 OnCUE www.cue.org u p f r on t by Mike Lawrence Executive Director mlawrence@cue.org T he reason I love working with CUE members on a daily basis is that we are innovators. We think creatively, work passionately, and are often on the cutting edge of educational theory and practice. This constant exploration of new territory succeeds in advancing student achievement certainly, but can just as often open up new dangers and threats of which we were not immediately aware. This issue of OnCUE covers the important territory of ethics and copyright in education. Given technology’s role in massive copyright infringement issues, as well as concerns about student safety online, I’m proud that our organization is one that addresses these timely and difficult issues directly. C is for Copyright Exploring new and emerging technologies and their role in education. www.cue.org Our students, teachers and administrators are often at a loss when faced with these issues due to the changing landscape of online threats, and purposely-vague copyright laws and fair use guidelines. I encourage you to use this issue as a resource when confronted with situations in which technology provides tools that can all too easily place students and educators in danger, or non-compliance. CUE seeks to provide these resources through the OnCUE journal, but will also be beginning a series of informational documents exploring these issues. The series will examine new and emerging technologies that often create as many questions as opportunities. In this series, CUE leaders will ask “Why Innovate?” and will discuss the tool, its benefits, and explore any associated risks or concerns for its use in education. In these documents, we’ll cover wikis, blogs, podcasts, Flickr, and other emerging technology tools as they are introduced. Many schools and districts seek clarity on these issues, and we’ve found that it’s often CUE members who are sought out to provide that clarity. It is our hope that you can use these new tools in your work to lead your school, district, or county as they navigate the sometimes-confusing waters of emerging technologies. We’ve launched some discussions already, and will continue to offer more as resources for you throughout the years to come, as you adapt and use new tools in your own work. Discover these resources online at <www.cue.org/why/>. Fall 2006 OnCUE Scientifically Based Research Applied to CAHSEE Preparation The CAHSEE Tutor Software was designed to help students prepare for the California High School Exit Examination at their own individual pace. This Windows and Macintosh standards assessment and interactive test preparation software will help students master 100% of the California Content Standards that are tested on the Mathematics and English-Language Arts CAHSEE. 100% C orrelation to the C alifornia C ontentStandards TestTools, Inc. (800) 851-5080 www.testtools.com Specifically Created by Teachers to help California Students Prepare for the CAHSEE Fall 2006 OnCUE www.cue.org p r e s i d en t ' s E ducators know the power of taking a good field trip: students are engaged, learning is personal, new schemas are built, and curriculum becomes authentic. The trip is even more powerful when students are prepared before the journey begins and assigned tasks to do while on the trip. Follow-up activities like reflection diaries or oral reports are also valuable to connect the experience to curriculum goals. But not all field trips are equal. Several years ago, a school district banned field trips because their test scores were dropping and field trips had become just play time to reward student behavior. Though student motivation is a worthy goal, it did not justify the sacrifice of valuable class time. In this district, field trips had become synonymous with entertainment while “seat time” had become synony- A Good Field Trip All student activities must directly support learning goals. col u m n by Scott Smith CUE Board President scott@visalia.k12.ca.us mous with “learning,” so a “stay in school” policy was enforced and students were robbed of the opportunity to travel beyond the classroom walls. Over time, the field trip ban was relaxed, but an important point was made: all student activities must directly support learning goals. A similar reactionary policy looms for the school computer lab. In many schools, a computer lab provides the place where all students have their own computer to use. Like field trips, the lab can engage students and extend the classroom curriculum. But too often teachers simply march their students to the lab at their assigned weekly time slot thinking any exposure to computers is better than nothing. Not true. The only return on this investment is random acts of learning. If principals faced the decision to upgrade an old lab, they should question whether it is worth the cost. Computer lab use should be compared to a field trip opportunity. Students must be prepared prior to using the lab and then given computer lab tasks that relate directly to specific learning goals. Follow up lessons back in the classroom should incorporate and take advantage of the work done in the lab. In this issue of OnCUE, the ideas of effective searching, copyright, and ethical behavior are discussed, important ideas for any computer lab field trip. As we review our school policies at the beginning of a new school year, consider the role your computer lab plays to advance student achievement. Treat it like a good field trip. www.cue.org Fall 2006 OnCUE th e blee d i n g ed ge by David D. Thornburg, PhD dthornburg@aol.com The whole world of patents and copyrights has gotten a bit removed from sanity I Copyright Sanity in an Insane World ’ll go out on a limb and assume it is OK for me to write about this topic today, even though I just found out that others hold the patents on some of my genes, and that my genetic makeup may inf luence my expressions, so it is perhaps possible that, by virtue of my very existence as a writer, I may be infringing on other’s patents relating to pieces of my genetic makeup. Don’t think for a moment that “copy protection” means anything to the dedicated “cracker.” Fall 2006 OnCUE That said, I think that the whole world of patents and copyrights has gotten a bit removed from sanity. If, as some attorneys believe, copyright is the metaphysics of the law, then we need to acknowledge that, over many years of court rulings, the answer to what is right or wrong is, largely, “it depends.” This viewpoint, while of benefit to BMW dealerships next to law offices, creates tremendous challenges to educators who have enough on their plates just trying to help students develop the habits of mind they will need to make sense out of a world that, in some cases, seems to make less and less sense over time. The extremes are (I think) easy to identify. Any action (e.g., copying a program instead of buying it) that deprives revenue to the owner of an expressive work is illegal. And, on the other side, any creative individual who makes a product and chooses to give it away has the right to do so. Anyone who makes a copy of Adobe Photoshop (and the registration code) in order to deprive Adobe and the reseller of their revenue has broken the law. That same person, though, can copy GIMP (an open source graphics editor) and give it to as many people as she wants. It is also fair to suggest that nearly everyone knows when a piece of software can be copied for someone else to use, and when it can’t. There are, however, some areas between these extremes where some kind of copying might be permitted for commercial products. At the very least, there are times when the purchaser of a program SHOULD be able to make a copy. I am not an attorney, and anything I say in this column merely represents only my thoughts regarding what should be fair, even if these ideas are not seen as fair by others. So don’t quote me if you get in trouble for what I’m going to suggest. Let’s start with digital media – DVDs. Here’s a conundrum. I spend a significant amount of time in two countries where I have homes: the US and Brazil. US DVDs have a region code (1) that is different from the region code for Brazil (4), meaning that the DVDs I buy in the US will not play on my Brazilian player. Now I have absolutely no idea why region codes exist, but they make life challenging, to say the least. When I purchase a DVD in the US (or Brazil), I think I have the right to play this DVD on whatever player I have. So, using the free program DVD Shrink, I burn a copy that is “region free,” allowing me to use the DVD in any country I want. Since I paid for the DVD, it seems that this copying for my personal use should be allowed. However, DVDs are now copy protected, which means that, in order to get a region free version, I need to break the copy protection first. At this point, there are those who would carry me away in shackles. So, even though I paid for the DVD, I have broken the law by cre- www.cue.org t he ating a copy that can be played in my DVD player. This (in my view) makes for stupid law. Let’s look at computer software. It is common today to find titles that, when purchased, can only be registered on one computer. This registration process generates a special code based on some internally generated serial number or something so it can only be installed once. Well, you might be thinking, there’s nothing wrong with that. I disagree. Suppose, for example, that you have the misfortune of using a computer running Windows XP. You install the software, it runs well, and a few months down the road, Windows crashes, and you decide to get a new computer. As you install all your old software, you suddenly find that this program will not install on your new machine. At this point, you call the software company’s help desk and tell your story to a tech who takes pity on you and gives you a “second” password. This process takes about an hour in my experience. Now here is a case where I purchased the software, and still have to go through hoops to show that I did nothing against the law. This vendor (and all who use password protection) operate on the presumption of guilt, making life hard for people who are using their products legally. Even if your system doesn’t crash, suppose you have two computers (one at home, and one at school) and you want the same software on both machines. Since you can only be in one place at a time, I think you should be able to install two copies, yet most software companies issue “single machine” licenses. All this nonsense making life hard for people who actually purchase software apparently is justified by the concerns of many publishers that their products are being ripped off on a global scale. In fact, software theft is major, but it does not mainly come from individuals “loaning” a copy of a program to a friend. The massive theft comes from two sources in my view: from street­corner vendors selling fully cracked versions of commercial titles for $10 per disk, and from the international cracker community who post password breakers on the web (www.keygen.us, www.astalavista.us). All you need in the latter case is a downloaded demo version of a program you want, plus the cracking instructions found on the web. The software CD vendors are rampant in other countries, and in some big cities here in the US. I’ve visited multi-­floor “department” stores in Thailand and Malaysia where just www.cue.org blee d i n g ed ge about any title you want can be purchased for a few dollars. These programs are virus ­free, fully cracked, and amazingly up to date. The scope of this theft of intellectual property is massive. So what’s a developer to do? Well, here’s a suggestion. Years ago, when you spent a few hundred dollars on a complex program, you got a CD, a “quick start” guide, and a complete printed manual. Today, when you open the large box with your software, you find a CD, and possibly a quickstart guide. The software documentation is on the CD in the form of a pdf file which you are invited to browse or print out yourself if you wish. Excuse me, but if I’m spending a few hundred dollars for software with an incremental cost of goods of fifty cents, the vendor can afford to spend a few dollars on a decent manual. This manual is a lot harder to copy than the software itself, and is also likely to be perceived as having enough value to justify purchasing legal copies of software, even if bootleg copies are available. Why did some software publishers stop producing printed manuals? Cost is one factor. And, it is handy to have a searchable version of the manual on the software install disk so the manual doesn’t get separated from the software. But I think the real key to addressing software theft (at least the casual sharing of programs) is for companies to treat customers as nice people who intend to obey the law, and not as devious thieves who are just itching to operate a bootleg software factory in their basement. Will they get ripped off? Some software theft is likely. But don’t think for a moment that “copy protection” means anything to the dedicated “cracker.” The harder it is to break the code, the more appealing theft becomes to some folks. Meanwhile, legal users are burdened for their honesty. That’s not a message I think developers want to build their businesses around. David Thornburg has been known to hand out CDs containing thousands of dollars worth of software to teachers on a regular basis. Since these programs are free open source titles, he has yet to be arrested. His most recent book, “When the Best is Free: An Educator’s Perspective on Open Source Software,” has been quite well received. To order your copy, e­mail David at dthornburg@aol.com. Fall 2006 OnCUE 10 fe a t u r e by Mark Wagner mark@edtechlife.com New Possibilities, New Obligations Ethical Use F of the Read/Write Web or nearly a decade the web was a read-only affair for educators and students. Information moved only one way: from the publishers to the consumers. In recent years, though, things have changed. It is now as easy to create online content as it is to consume it. Anyone can publish, share, and change information as easily as they can view and download it. There is now a read/write web, or a two-way web—what some are calling “Web 2.0.” Educators must make every effort (in good faith) to help students see the importance of restraint when they write online…. Blogs, wikis, and other read/write web services give educators and students a new power to create, but with this comes a new responsibility to use these tools ethically. Some guidance can be found by looking to existing norms, particularly those of academic honesty, ethical journalism, and online etiquette (or netiquette). Norms specifically related to the read/write web are also beginning to emerge, especially with respect to blogs. Because of the ease of cutting, pasting, and posting, the read/write web can also easily become a medium for plagiarism. Credit must be given where credit is due. Direct quotes should appear in quotation marks (or as block quotes) and sources must be cited – and linked to if at all possible. Of course, the standards of originality and common knowledge still apply; if the writing is completely original or is common knowledge (within the field the author is writing in), then a citation is not required. The Technologies Writing online is • Blogs, or weblogs, allow the author to easily cre(almost always) public ate and easily update interactive multimedia webwriting, and as such sites. If you can use email, you can blog. Blogs honesty and integrity are generally updated often, even daily, with the newest items typically appearing at the top of the are always important. page, and older items moving down before being archived. Most blogs allow visitors to comment on the site. Visit <www.edublogs.org> for a free educational blog. • Wikis are websites that allow any visitor to edit the content. If you can use a word processor, you can use a wiki. CUE members can visit <www. wikispaces.com/t/x/cue/> to join a free educational wiki. • Social Bookmarking is a means of storing, annotating, and sharing bookmarks online. Most services also allow users to classify, rank, and search bookmarks, particularly through the use of keyword-like tags. Visit <www.FURL.net> or <del. icio.us/> to start social bookmarking for free. Some fundamental ethical principles will be evident to most educators and many students. Intellectual property rights should be respected and copyright law adhered to. Copyrighted material should never be posted online without proper permission. (Even if the material being posted is shared under a creative commons license, consideration must be given to the specific license in use and to issues such as attribution and derivative use.) Fall 2006 OnCUE As for the content of blogs, wikis, and other related sites, inappropriate topics should be avoided, particularly in an educational setting. It is easy for students to post the very content educators are legally bound to protect them from. Educators must make every effort (in good faith) to help students see the importance of restraint when they write online, especially for classroom purposes. One side effect of students’ new power to publish is that some are posting threatening content. Teachers should discuss with students the natural (and disciplinary) consequences of this cyber-bullying. Students might also share unsafe information online, putting themselves, their friends, or their families at risk. In general, teachers should let students know not to share www.cue.org fe a t u r e 11 any personal information such as their address or phone number online. (Without parent permission, students also should not be sharing their names or other identifying information online.) The Web 1.0 has given rise to a variety of ethical principles that are no less relevant in the Web 2.0 era. Users of blogs, wikis, and other read/write web services should avoid generating spam, or unsolicited bulk messages. Spam is no longer The norms of academic honesty provide additional principles confined to email, but can appear in the comments of a blog, that users of the read/write web should consider. Just as multiple or in the main body of a blog post or wiki page. Also, educators submissions (of one paper in two classes) are unacceptable in and students should strive for ad free pages as much as possible, school, cross posting the same material to different sites on the but if there must be advertisements, they should be tastefully web is generally frowned upon. (Consider linking to the original placed in a side column or at the bottom of the site. Ads should source instead.) As with exams or any other assignment, if stunot appear in the body of a blog post or in an RSS feed. In dents are expected to complete addition, the established rules of online work independently, they netiquette apply to the read/write Links should not violate their teacher’s web. In general, users should be as Creative Commons Licensing: expectations simply because the polite online as they would be in real <www.creativecommons.org> technologies make it easy to share life (or more so), and should always Academic Honesty and Plagiarism: and duplicate work. Ideally, of respect others’ time, privacy, <depts.washington.edu/grading/issue1/ course, teachers will give assignand bandwidth. honesty.htm> Ethics of Online Journalism: ments that require collaboration <www.ojr.org/ojr/wiki/ethics/>, rather than forbid it. Only then A number of ethical norms have <www.journalism.org/resources/tools/ethics/ will these technologies reach their emerged around the practice of blogcodes/newfrontier.asp>, and full potential as educational tools. ging in particular. For example, if <en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journalistic_ethics> Along with online publishing the information being written about Netiquette: for the masses, the read/write exists online, link to it. If a blogger <www.albionl.com/netiquette/corerules.html> web has ushered in an era of is going to re-present content from Blogging Ethics: citizen journalism (and citizen another site, then that content should <www.cyberjournalist.net/news/000215.php>, <rebeccablood.net/handbook/excerpts/weblog_ law enforcement). The two-way appear in a block quote. Bloggers ethics.html>, and <blogethics2004.blogspot. nature of the web even makes should also promote interactivity as com/2005/03/cobe-revised-form-based-duties-indistributed (or participatory) much as possible. To this end, they blog.html> journalism possible as well. Not should post regularly (but not so surprisingly, the ethics of journaloften as to be annoying to the ism can offer some guidance in the use of these technologies, readers), they should comment on others’ blogs frequently, particularly blogs. Those who write online should strive for and they should always attempt to be entertaining, interesting, objectivity, or at least be aware of their own bias and make it or relevant when doing so. Bloggers should also promote free explicit to their readers. Also, they should always disclose their expression by not restricting access to their blog, by not sources, being sure to identify questionable or biased sources, censoring (or deleting) their own posts or others’ comments, and should link to their sources if possible. As far as the accura- and by always allowing and encouraging comments on their cy and authenticity of what is written, facts should be checked own blogs. (A corollary to this principle is the suggestion that through traditional means such as first-hand observations, bloggers should always post deliberately, and only add to, but interviews, or identifying multiple sources. Educators and not change or delete, a finished post.) Perhaps most importantly, students who write online should also give consideration to a blogger should always admit mistakes and correct them publicly. issues such as slander and libel, and should take to heart the The practice of revealing unethical behavior in other bloggers is journalists’ principle of limiting the harm done by what they also generally accepted as an important part of blogging. As in write. Here privacy issues come into play; with the exception of the netiquette of the past decade, it is beneficial to remember public figures who seek power or attention, individuals’ privacy the human behind the blogs. Bloggers can promote community should not be violated unless for the greater good. In addition, by linking to others often and by maintaining a blogroll, or list anyone writing online should not take gifts or money to bias of other related blogs, on their own sites. They can also build what they write and should always disclose any conflicts of their relationships with other bloggers by responding to comments interest. Ultimately, those who write online should strive for the (and emails) left on their own blogs. Naturally, these principles of same sort of balance, fairness, and completeness in what they blogging can be applied to wikis, social bookmarking, and other write as do journalists. read/write web services as well. Continued on pg 15 www.cue.org Fall 2006 OnCUE 12 t ec h coo r d i n a t i on by Doug Prouty dprouty@cccoe.k12.ca.us Since the resources and access have changed, so must our assignments. Plagiarism? Blame the Assignment W Not only has the ease of cut and paste made plagiarism common, but student and cultural ethics have changed over the years. Fall 2006 OnCUE e try to teach academic ethics to our students so that they are aware of the importance of original work. But in these days of nearly ubiquitous Internet access, it is difficult not to copy other sources. In my school days we had very few sources from which to draw from. Now, a student can easily access thousands of web resources on a subject, exchange email with experts in the field, and watch remote video presentations. Not only has the ease of cut and paste made plagiarism common, but student and cultural ethics have changed over the years. Many students (and adults) incorrectly believe that, if it is on the Internet, it is free. The mode of the Internet is to share and share alike. For example, look at Wikipedia, Open Source software, or blogs. As resources are increasingly being created by the masses, even the idea of authorship is changing. Since the resources and access have changed, so must our assignments. Many research assignments have remained the same over the years. We continue to give students what I call “Go Find Out About (GoFOA)” assignments. And as a result, we get plagiarism. My son’s fifth grade state project, though output was required in low tech and high tech, was still a GoFOA. He had to create a map labeling the major information, a brochure with visitor information, a PowerPoint with a few slides about attractions, and finally an essay on the history of the state. All of these projects encourage plagiarism and little need for original thought. His fourth grade project was similar. How about that Scarlet Letter assignment or the Fall of Rome? Have they changed to reflect the times? In teaching Information Literacy, we have encouraged teachers to base assignments on Essential Questions. These then move the assignment to higher level thinking. Projects like these create students who are: problem solvers, lifelong learners, complex thinkers, effective communicators, and effective collaborators. I know these terms are not defined in the state standards, but if a student has these skills, meeting the standards should be a breeze. Basing assignments on who, what, where, and when questions invites plagiarism. These questions lead to the “GoFOA” projects. Instead, we want to use why, how, and which questions. By exploring the answers to these questions, we can help students reach the top of Bloom’s Taxonomy and really challenge our students. Questions such as, “Why did the original thirteen colonies unite?” “Why do some people treat their children badly?” “How long can man continue to pollute the oceans?” “How does soil temperature affect plant growth?” “Which career is best for me?” “Which city would be the best for a new state capitol?” These types of questions not only require the student to do the research, but will also require original thought. Students get a chance to express their ideas in their own words. This is not a new or novel idea. Some of our best educational leaders have been calling for a refocusing for some time. Alan November <www.anovember.com> has been “Teaching Zack to Think” Continued on pg 17 www.cue.org p r ofe s s i on a l d evelo p m en t 13 by Barbara Bray barbara@my-ecoach.com Copyright, the Internet, and Creative Commons What Rights are the Right Rights? T Can teachers copy a chapter from a book and disseminate it to their students? Can students create their own music or use up to a certain amount of seconds of any music? eachers will follow copyright and fair use laws if they are aware of what is allowable under the law. “all rights reserved.” This means that the owner of the work may allow someone: If students take five seconds from one copyrighted track of an album and another ten seconds from another copyrighted album, is this okay? Kids are so tech savvy, they can take any music and remix it—change it—and voilá—it’s now their version of the original music. Sounds easy and legal—right? • to use or modify their work if they do not use it for commercial purposes • to use their work for commercial purposes but will not allow any modifications of the work • to use or modify based on a license under Creative Commons Copyright laws expect people to ask permission of the copyright holder if they would like to use or modify someone’s intellectual property. In most cases, if the copyright holders understand how the student will be using the music and the owner is given proper credit and citation, they will probably give students permission. Copyright in education seems obvious but there are so many issues that cloud what is legal and ethical. Teachers need to consider four issues when determining if a work is allowed under the principles of fair use: • the purpose and character of the use, • the nature of the copyrighted work, • the amount and substantiality of the portion to be used, and • the effect of the use upon the potential market. Title 17, Chapter 1, Section 110 (2) of the Copyright Act (2002) referred to as the Technology, Education, and Copyright Harmonization (TEACH) Act, provides guidance for educators. Creative Commons offers copyright holders and creators of intellectual materials a way of declaring their work with “some rights reserved” rather than www.cue.org The Creative Commons license process provides a legal way for an author or content creator to indicate how their work can and cannot be shared or remixed. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) began in 2001 the OpenCourseWare initiative where they offer over 1500 online courses free and open to the public. One hundred ten courses and 2,647 modules are now available through the Connexions project at Rice University. Students can also take music lessons and learn musicology from instructors at Berklee College of Music through the Berklee Shares project. All of these offerings come through Creative Commons licensing agreements. Creative Commons licensed music is found on a number of websites, including the Freesound Project created by the Music Technology Group at Universitat Pompeu Fabra of Barcelona, Spain, and ccMixter, a project of Creative Commons. More than 4.5 million images licensed by Creative Commons are currently available online at sites like FlickR and Open Photo. (Pitler, 2006) I uploaded pictures to FlickR not realizing that I was agreeing to a Creative Commons license. Continued on pg 17 Fall 2006 OnCUE 14 fe a t u r e by Janice Morrison and Kathleen Ferenz janicem@acoe.org and kferenz@acoe.org Help students become critical consumers of information through the use of digital lists of appropriate and reliable information. It's Research Time– Do You Know Where Your Students Are Searching? A sking students to find information on the Internet without first teaching them how to be critical consumers of information can present very real challenges and dangers. While the role of the teacher has traditionally been that of a filter and purveyor of information, this is no longer the case with free access to information delivered via the Internet. First, teachers themselves are still learning how to be critical information literacy sleuths, using an array of today’s digital search tools. And, the tools for accessing this type of information are constantly changing. So what is a concerned teacher to do? First, teachers and students should recognize that using search engines is one of several ways to access online resources. Is the purpose of the lesson to learn to search or is it to learn the content? If it is to learn the material, then there are many alternatives to using search engines which can be safer, more accurate and efficient, and more likely to produce reliable resources than Internet surfing. If you can, work with your library media specialist to organize and locate information alternatives which can include hotlists, subscription databases and indexes, or directories. Fall 2006 OnCUE Help students become critical consumers of information through the use of digital lists of appropriate and reliable information. Hotlists are organized electronic lists of online resources selected by a teacher or librarian. Students simply click on one of the links to go to the chosen website to learn. This scaffolded approach to accessing online information offers students a guided and efficient method of learning new content. The advantages of hotlists include: 1) it takes seconds for the student to find appropriate resources, so no time is wasted in aimless surfing; 2) the teacher or librarian can choose materials to match their students’ grade level or reading ability; 3) students are much less likely to end up at sites that are inappropriate for children. Hotlists can be created in a word processing program, saved as an html file, and shared via the school network, or by posting to the web. There are also websites for educators that help them publish hotlists via the Internet. AT&T’s Filamentality <www.filamentality.org> allows a teacher to have a hotlist hosted free for a year. You can also download and print step-by-step instructions for creating a hot list on Filamentality from the CTAP Region IV website <www.ctap4.org> at <www. ctap4.org/infolit/searching/create_hotlist.doc>. www.cue.org fe a t u r e 15 Ethical Use ... continued from pg 11 Ultimately, ethical use of these powerful tools will be easiest if writers know their audience and their purpose for writing. Arguably, the moral imperative to contribute ethically is greater the larger the audience, and while many educators and students may be writing for a relatively small audience, any site online has the potential for a global audience. Many of these technologies, especially wikis, rely on the fact that the “white-hats” outnumber the “black-hats” by orders of magnitude. Educators must work with their students to ensure that this remains true. Finally, the best advice for ensuring ethical use of the read/write web may be to reflect on what is being written, and to edit it critically, before posting it. Subscription databases are another safe and reliable source of information. Both school and public libraries subscribe to a variety of databases. Public libraries make these resources available through any computer with Internet access. The user simply logs in using the number on their library card. Specific resources vary among different library systems, but all have resources appropriate for younger readers, as well as teen and adult researchers. Visit your local public library branch and speak to a reference librarian to learn more about how to use these free resources. Mark Wagner, a former high school English teacher, has served as an educational technology coordinator at the site, district, and county levels. He is the president of the Educational Technology and Life Corporation, which provides training and consulting services to schools and districts. He also serves on CUE’s Communication and Conference Planning Committees. If students need additional resources, indexes and directories provide a selection of resources chosen by librarians or by volunteers with expertise in specific areas. Although there are a limited number of topics and limited resources within each topic, indexes and directories have the advantage that all of the articles have been pre-screened by someone with more expertise than most teachers and students. The websites of extremist organizations and other dangerous sites are excluded from indexes and directories. Great places to start for middle and high school are the Librarian’s Index <lii.org>, and for elementary students, Yahooligans <www.yahooligans.com>, Kidsclick <www.kidsclick.org>, and Ask for Kids, formerly known as Ask Jeeves, <www.askforkids.com>. Visit the CTAP IV website to find additional resources and classroom ready handouts for students on how to write and research a topic. Janice Morrison is a technology coordinator for CTAP Region IV, serving the San Francisco Bay Area. Kathleen Ferenz is a technology specialist for CTAP Region IV working with San Francisco and San Mateo Counties. She is also a Certificated Apple Professional Developer. www.cue.org Fall 2006 OnCUE 16 Tips a n d t r i ck s by Linda Oaks lindaoaks@mac.com Tips for Using the Drawing Toolbar in Office Dramatic Drawing R eady to do something more exciting with your word processing? The Drawing Toolbar in Word, Excel, and PowerPoint can help you “think outside the box” even when drawing boxes! Drawing Toolbar? If you’ve never seen or cannot find the toolbar, you may need to turn it on first. Go to VIEW > TOOLBARS > DRAWING. The toolbar usually shows up vertically on the left side of your document on a Mac or running along the bottom in Windows. You can also find some of the drawing features on the Formatting Palette. Achieving Perfection Holding down the shift key while you are drawing will get you a straight line while using the line tool, circles instead of ovals, and squares instead of rectangles. Remember to release your mouse before you release the shift key. If you need to resize the object later, you’ll need to again hold the shift key down. From the Inside Out If you hold down the Option key (Mac) or the Alt key (Win) in addition to the shift key while drawing an auto shape, you’ll be drawing from the center of the shape outwards. This is especially helpful when drawing oval or circles, which are difficult to center when drawn in the normal way. The Size Is the Thing Suppose you are creating a label to title a composition book or any other item. You measure the space and need it to fit 5” across and 2 1⁄4” wide. Draw a rectangle, select it and go to FORMAT > AUTOSHAPE. Select the size Fall 2006 OnCUE tab and type in the exact dimensions you need. Be sure to select the LOCK ASPECT RATIO if you need to. Now that you have a box with the correct size, insert your graphics, text boxes, WordArt, etc.—as long as they all fit into the box you’ve drawn. You can delete the box later but I usually keep it there to show cutting lines. Speaking of Lines You have many choices for straight lines and the lines of your circles and squares. The line thickness tool has some variety but if you select MORE LINES, you’ll be able to select dashed lines, add arrows, color the lines, and change their transparency. If you’d rather not have a line at all (as in a text box), select the item and choose NO LINE from the line color tool. *If you need a line going all across your page, Word has an Auto-Correct function that makes nifty little lines. Press the key three times and then press RETURN and the lines will appear. Use a basic font such as Times New Roman. A Word About WordArt Aside from making dramatic headlines and fun titles for PowerPoint, the features of WordArt make it useful in a variety of classroom applica- www.cue.org 17 tions. Because you can size it, it works well in the sized boxes described above. If you use it vertically, it sets up nicely for acrostic poems. If you need tent-style signs, create the name, duplicate it (Command-D or Ctrl-D) and then rotate one of the names 180°. Position them on top of each other, print, and fold! Fun with AutoShapes When you draw out certain AutoShapes, you’ll notice a tiny yellow triangle. Rather than change the size of the object, these yellow handles change aspects of each shape. Try them out and see what you can create! Linda Oaks is an elementary teacher for the Rowland Unified School District and holds a Master of Educational Technology degree. She has served as a Technology Staff Development Specialist and is a frequent speaker at technology conferences, including CUE. Plagiarism ... continued from pg 12 for years now. Jamie McKenzie’s website, “The Question Mark” at <www.questioning.org> goes into great detail about questions and thinking. Information in his article, “The Research Cycle” <www.questioning.org/Q6/research.html> will give you some structure for changing your assignments. CTAP Region IV has recently done some great work in this area. All of their resources are available online at <www. ctap4.org/infolit/>. So if you have been dealing with plagiarism—or would just like to see your students challenged—consider revising your assignments so they require original thought. Doug Prouty is a former CUE Board member and longtime CUE presenter. The Right Rights ... continued from pg 13 Educators and their students can use, modify, and remix files, images, videos, and music based on the Creative Commons license as long as they read the copyright holder’s license. The copyright holder may not have been aware of what they agreed to. I plan to take down some of my images in FlickR that I do not want others to use or modify. I encourage CUE members to read the article on Innovate, go to Creative Commons, and check out different sites that use this license. If you develop any materials and publish to the Internet, consider licensing your materials in this manner, or at least read the information so you understand what it means to publish globally. The Internet and Creative Commons have changed the way courses are delivered, music is downloaded and shared, and even now how videos are shared, with programs like YouTube. Maybe we will eventually see textbooks collaboratively developed by educators and students and shared online with a Creative Commons license. Resources Berklee Shares <www.berkleeshares.com> ccMixter <ccmixter.org> Connexions <cnx.org> Creative Commons <creativecommons.org> Flickr <www.flickr.com/creativecommons/> Freesound Project <freesound.iua.upf.edu/ index.php> OpenCourseWare <ocw.mit.edu/index.html> Open Photo <openphoto.net> Pitler, H. 2006. Creative commons: A new tool for schools. Innovate 2 (5). <www.innovateonline.info> (accessed June 1, 2006). (TEACH) US Copyright Office. Section 110. <www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#110> Online. Available. 10 June 2006. YouTube™ <www.youtube.com> Barbara Bray writes a regular column on professional development for OnCUE, moderates a listserv <techstaffdevelop@yahoogroups.com>, coordinates the Professional Development Quick Tips (PDQs) for Techlearning. com, and is President of My eCoach <www.my-ecoach.com>, a learning community that supports coaching and mentoring. 18 new le g i ss l&a tu i pve dau t ep sd a t e by John Cradler During the 2005-06 school year, CUE increased involvement in supporting legislation at the state and Federal levels. Mike Lawrence, CUE Executive Director, greatly helped enable this effort by active participation on the CUE Legislative Advocacy Committee, as well as testifying on CUE-sponsored California legislation. The Committee, chaired by Chris York, met at least monthly by teleconference or in person and has accomplished the following: Updated the CUE legislative policy platform: This list of priorities related to technology in California education is used to guide positions taken on current and emerging state and Federal legislation. The platform provides both short- and long-term priorities and is revised each year and was adopted by the CUE Board on Nov. 30, 2005. <www. cue.org/advocacy/> Joined ISTE and CoSN to save the EETT Grant Funding: ISTE and CoSN established the Education Technology Advocacy Network (ETAN) in an effort to organize educators across the country to fight the proposed reductions and ultimate elimination of EETT Grants <www.edtechactionnetwork.org>. This is a key site that all educators should bookmark. After you enter your home zip-code, this online tool will bring up your current senator and representative with a standardized letter that you can customize. CUE Board member Steven Glyer is the ETAN representative on the CUE Legislative Advocacy Committee. Last year, CUE supported a Senate Joint Resolution (SJR 8) that made the case to Congress for saving EETT funding. SJR8 passed both houses and was delivered to the California Delegation and others in Washington DC. Worked with CUE to recognize Senator Nell Soto and Paul Van Dyke: At the last CUE Conference in Palm Springs, CUE formally recognized Senator Nell Soto and her Chief of Staff, Paul Van Dyke, for long standing support for legislation enabling funding for technology in California over the past 10 years. This included SB 1254 to re-authorize the eleven California Technology Assistance Project (CTAP) regions and the Statewide Educational Technology Services (SETS) projects, and SB 812, a bill that would establish a statewide educational technology “report card” documenting technology access and use in supporting instruction. CUE actively supported both SB 1254, signed two years ago, and is sponsoring SB 812 which as of July 9, 2006, passed both houses but has not been signed by the Governor. Established an on-line system for advocating to legislators: Chris York developed and managed an online system that was used to enable CUE members to send customized support letters to help save EETT as well as to support a variety of California bills. Supported continuation of the California High Speed Network (HSN): At this time, the Governor has included $15 million for the continuation and maintenance of the HSN. Pending legislation by Assemblywoman Lynn Daucher will define details related to specific services and resources as well as the management of the HSN. At present, the Committee is considering launching a CUE Technology Day in the State Capitol. It would be tied either to a specific new technology bill or to a request that the legislature adopt a Senate or Assembly Joint Resolution supporting the CUE platform. Bits&Bytes EBC UE Te a c h e r Aw a r d s East Bay Computer Using Educators (EBCUE) is pleased to announce grant awards to three classroom teachers. Ms. Andria Edward, Ms. Jill Kraus, and Ms. Ann Ralph each submitted grant proposals using technology as an integral part of their curriculum. Andria Edward’s high school students will wear cardio sports watches during physical education classes to monitor heart rates and allow students to set their own target zone during exercise, agilities, aerobic, and non-aerobic activities. 2006 OnCUE FallFall 2004 OnCUE Jill Kraus’ kindergarten students will read and listen to leveled books, complete comprehension cloze activities, and play alphabet games using Rigby PM software and books. Ann Ralph’s 5th grade students will work collaboratively to produce pod casts of their narrative, expository, persuasive, and descriptive written compositions with classmates and parents as their audience. www.cue.org www.cue.org m oney f a ll s f ro m t he s ky – pa rt ii 19 by Bonnie Marks and Brian Bridges • bmarks@telis.org and bbridges@ctap6.k12.ca.us The Delay As weather forecasters can attest, rain doesn’t always fall as predicted. Such is the case with the Education Technology K12 Voucher Program. We do know that money will fall from the sky, but atmospheric conditions have delayed the storm until now. We think. Although the $1.1 billion Microsoft Settlement will provide approximately $600 million for California’s schools, a variety of appeals to the settlement have caused repeated delays. A last minute appeal to the California State Supreme Court was the most recent delay halting the expected release last April. While the State Supreme Court rejected the appeal without a hearing, the appellant did have until July 18th to submit the case to the U.S. Supreme Court. If they didn’t, money indeed will fall from the sky this fall. Chance of rain: 90%. Grant Awards Vouchers will be awarded to schools that have at least 40% of their students in the Free and Reduced Lunch program. Funding amounts are estimated at between $94 and $150 per student CUE Awards although small districts will be subject to a special funding formula based on their size. High schools that have a qualifying feeder school will also be eligible for this grant. You can check your school FRL percentage at the Dataquest website <data1.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/>. When the grant is announced, local CTAP regions will contact districts and hold trainings about the program and its opportunities. Districts will apply for the grant on behalf of their schools. General Purpose vs. Software Vouchers The original lawsuit, not the CDE, provides the rules and boundaries for the voucher program, including what may or may not be purchased. In addition, districts don’t actually receive advance funds, like other grants. This is a voucher program, which will require districts to first purchase items before asking the settlement administrator for reimbursement. This is treacherous territory unless districts pay close attention to allowable expenditures. Currently, the CDE’s EdTech K12 Voucher Program website <www.cde.ca.gov/ls/et/st/voucher.asp> contains a lengthy Frequently Asked Question section outlining some of the limitations. CTAP-provided inservices about the program will also offer more CUE is proud to recognize and support its members and friends in their endeavors. information, but it will be up to each district to investigate whether their purchases qualify for reimbursement. Storing Rain for the Future For many districts, the voucher downpour will result in a flood of opportunities. Many will be tempted to saturate the fields and water every crop. However, using your current technology plan as a guide, it would be better to look further down the road and plan for the possible drought ahead. Voucher funds may be expended for six years. A well thought out district technology plan could be realized if you’re willing to be patient. Rain will fall. If you’re careful not to waste it, the Educational Technology K12 Voucher Program will serve you well. For complete information, contact your local regional office through the CTAP web site <www.ctap.k12.ca.us>. Bonnie Marks is chairperson of the State Coordinating Council and director of CTAP Region 4. Brian Bridges is Program Manager for CTAP Region 6 and a CUE Board member. Board of Directors Nominations DUE December 15, 2006 Nominations are open from July to December of each year. Nominations are now being accepted for Gold Disk awards. The nomination process is simple. CUE members can be nominated in either of two ways: Contact your local CUE Affiliate to nominate an Outstanding Teacher or Technology in Learning Leader near you. Members may also apply for a LeRoy Finkel Fellowship. • By your Affiliate (a letter of nomination is required from your CUE Affiliate’s President). • By five current members of CUE (each must write a separate letter of nomination). All materials must be received at the CUE office by December 1, 2006 to be eligible. Applications and information available online at <www.cue.org/awards/> www.cue.org All nomination materials must be received by CUE by December 15, 2006 to be considered for candidacy in the election. More information is available at <www.cue.org/nomination/>. Fall 2006 OnCUE 20 th e CU E Rev i ew by Sandra Burdick sburdick@clrn.org Allowing students to do independent research on the Internet can be a very scary proposition. These resources can help. Fall 2006 OnCUE Title: Classical Musical Archives Publisher: Classical Archives, LLC Grades: 9-12 Media type: Internet URL: www.classicalarchives.com Subject Area: Visual & Performing Arts This Internet resource provides comprehensive material in Performing Arts Studies specifically in the area of Music Appreciation for ninth through twelfth grade students who are at grade level, in a small group, individual user, large group, or computer lab situation. Classical Music Archives offers tens of thousands of music files by thousands of composers. Students can listen to the music at the click of a mouse. The site includes timelines, biographies, and historical context to provide an environment conducive to appreciating classical music. It offers a focus on learning with a Learning Center and a Forum for discussions with music professionals. Subscription. Title: TeachingBooks.net Publisher: Teachingbooks.net Grades: K-12 Media type: Internet URL: www.teachingbooks.net Subject Area: English-Language Arts This Internet resource provides introductory information and concept development in EnglishLanguage Arts specifically in the area of supporting the use of trade books for Kindergarten through twelfth grade students who are at any and all reading levels, in a small group, individual user, large group, or computer lab situation. TeachingBooks.net generates enthusiasm for books and reading by providing easy access to authors, illustrators, and book resources all in one place. The program makes available original, in-studio movies of authors and illustrators, audio excerpts of professional book readings, guides to thousands of titles, and a wealth of multimedia resources on children’s and young adult literature. Students and teachers will discover the spirit and personality behind books and ways to share and use books in the classroom. Subscription. To find free primary, secondary and reference resources go to clrn.org. Click on Web Info Links (WIL) and either search or browse. Title: NASA’s Kids Science News Network Publisher: NASA Grades: K-5 Media type: Internet Resource type: Secondary URL: ksnn.larc.nasa.gov/k2newsbreaks.cfm and kssn.larc.nasa.gov/35newsbreaks.cfm Subject Area: Science and Mathematics Available in English and Spanish, NASA’s KSNNTM supports explorations into how things work and what makes thing happen via math and science. In the K-2 portion of NASA’s KSNN web site you will find a series of 60-second animations, activities, and resource links covering such topics as “magnetism” and “states of matter.” The grades 3-5 portion of the NASA KSNNTM website showcases a series of 60-second (video) news breaks featuring students answering questions such as “Why is the sky blue?” and “What makes popcorn pop?” and presenting NASA Facts such as “How do you tell time in space?” and “What is the coolest gas in the universe?” Each news break includes a follow-up written explanation, inquirybased activities, related print and electronic resources, and a computer-graded quiz. The California Learning Resource Network (CRN) is a statewide education technology service of the California Department of Education and administrated by the Stanislaus County Office of Education. Ellis Vance, Director. Search the CLRN database at <clrn.org>. Permission is hereby granted to California educators to copy this material for instructional use. The document may not be distributed for profit. © California Department of Education. www.cue.org www.cue.org Fall 2006 OnCUE sorry, No Purchase Orders accepted Membership Application Benefits I am using this form to … • Discounted registration fees on CUE conference and other state and local CUE activities. • Annual subscription to OnCUE, published four times a year. • Recognition programs and LeRoy Finkel Fellowship. • Voting privileges. • Continuing Education Credit for attending CUE conference. • Membership in one Affiliate and/or any number of Special Interest Groups. • Proactive legislative service • CUE Up! email newsletter for advance notice and up-to-date information. • Group Membership discounts. Please call the CUE office for information. • Discounted NECC 2006 registration and ISTE Membership • Discounts on other local resources (i.e. Resource Center for Teachers (RAFT) including free access to the Technology Center) • myCUE suite of benefits r Become a Member r Renew Membership r Make corrections/updates E-mail Address (required) r YES! Please alert me to 3rd-party opportunities. Name Address r Home r Work City State Affiliate Option for California Residents Home Phone Work Phone CUE supports many regional Affiliates and SIGs. As a CUE member, you not only gain access to a network of computer-using educators in your area, but are free to join an affiliate, and any number of our special interest groups. To add more than one affiliate, there is an additional $10 fee. 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Michael Simkins msimkins@portical. org Private, parochial, K-12, and higher education organizations. Donna Dayton ddayton@cate.org A support group for learning resource professionals. Lesley Farmer lfarmer@csulb.edu sorry, no purchase orders accepted. r TEC/ASTUTE Account Number Professional development across the teaching continuum Pam Redmond redmond@usfca.edu Robin Chiero robinc@csufresno.edu r Technology Coordinators’ SIG School, district and county coordinators’ support. Tim Landeck tlandeck@pvusd.net Exp. Date Signature (required for credit card orders) pay to/mail to: Computer-Using Educators, Inc or fax to: 387 17th Street, Suite 208 Oakland, CA 94612 (510) 444-4569 For more information, please email CUE at cueinc@cue.org. Fall 2006 OnCUE www.cue.org InFocus www.cue.org Fall 2006 OnCUE Calendar For more information on these events please visit www.cue.org/events/ November 2-4 California Reading Association (CRA), Sacramento, CA www.californiareads.org November 4 The 2nd Annual EdTech Conference (IACUE), Cajon High School, San Bernardino, CA 2006 September 30 CCCUE Fall Conference, Stanislaus County Office of Education, Modesto, CA www. cccue.com/conference.html October 11 NACOL Southern California Regional Symposium Pepperdine University, West Los Angeles Graduate Campus, Los Angeles, CA www.nacol.org/events/symposium/socal.php October 14 CVCUE Tech Fair, co-sponsored by CTAP VIII and CVCUE, El Diamante High School, Visalia, CA www.cvcue.org/techfair/ October 21 CapCUE Mini-Conference, Rosemont High School, Sacramento, CA www.capcue.org October 28 2006 CUELA Technology Fair, Los Angeles County Office of Education, Downey, CA www.cuelosangeles.org November 16-19 California School Library Association (CSLA) Annual Conference, Sacramento, CA www. schoolibrary.org November 17-19 CLMS/CLHS/CUE Technology 2007 January 9-12 Macworld Conference and Expo, K-12 Market Symposium produced by CUE, San Francisco, CA www.macworldexpo.com January 20 East Bay CUE’s 3rd Annual Cool Tools Mini-CUE Conference, Alameda County Office of Education, Hayward, CA www.ebcue.org February 2 CUE Conference registration postmark deadline. www.cue2007.org Conference, “Teaching the Millennial Generation,” Monterey, CA www.clms.net and www.clhs.net February 9 CUE Conference registration deadline December 1 CUE Awards nomination deadline. March 1-3 Annual CUE Conference, Sharing the www.cue.org/awards/ Summit, Palm Springs, CA www.cue.org December 1 CUE Conference Early Bird registration May 5 San Gabriel Valley CUE Tech Fair 2007 deadline. www.cue2007.org December 15 Nominations for CUE Board of Directors due. www.cue.org/nomination/ for online or faxed registrations. www.cue2007.org Village@Indian Hill Conference Center, Pomona, CA wwwsgvcue.org 2008 March 6-8 Annual CUE Conference, Palm Springs, CA www.cue.org October 28 San Diego CUE Technology Fair and RedEye Competition, Westview High School, San Diego, CA www.sdcue.org Non-Profit Org. U.S. POSTAGE PAID ALAMEDA, CA PERMIT NO. 81 Computer-Using Educators, Inc. | 387 17th Street, Suite 208 | Oakland, CA 94612 phone 510.814.6630 | fax 510.444.4569 | email cueinc@cue.org | website www.cue.org