Geology Unit Test 2 Study Guide KEY
1. Describe the relationship between rocks and minerals. (S6E5b)
2. What are the characteristics of a mineral? (S6E5b)
3. Identify the physical properties that can be used to recognize and distinguish between minerals.
(S6E5b)
4. Which physical properties are the least beneficial in identifying minerals? Why? (S6E5b)
5. Why is it impossible for someone to see the transition from an igneous rock to a sedimentary rock?
(S6E5c)
6. Limestone and Marble have the same chemical make-up, but they are classified as two different types of rock. Why? (S6E5c)
7. What processes will change a sedimentary rock into an igneous rock? (S6E5c)
8. What processes will change sedimentary rock into sediment? (S6E5c)
9. Which type of rock is most likely shown in the diagram to the right? (S6E5c)
How do you know this?
10. Identify the type of rock shown in the diagram to the right. How do you know? (S6E5c)
11. How were the large crystals formed in the rock shown in the diagram to the right? (S6E5c)
12. In what location would you most likely find this type of rock? (S6E5c)
13. How do igneous rocks form? (S6E5c)
14. When a rock is subjected to high enough amounts of heat and pressure to change it but not melt it, it changes into which type of rock? (S6E5c)

Geology Unit Test 2 Study Guide KEY
15. Which kind of rock is formed by the processes shown to the right? (S6E5c) Why?
16. Look at the descriptions below. Identify which descriptions belong to the different types of rock.
(S6E5c) a. Forms from magma that cools b. Forms after rock goes through high temperatures and pressure c. Forms after pieces of rock are weathered, eroded and deposited
17. In picture to the right, where would the most metamorphic rocks likely be located? (S6E5c) Why?
18. Number 3 in the diagram shows extrusive rocks which form from lava cooling at the surface. Which type of rock is formed at this location? (S6E5c)
19. Schist and quartzite are examples of metamorphic rocks. What processes are necessary for the formation of metamorphic rocks? (S6E5c)
20. What evidence would a geologist find useful in determining the age of rock layers? (S6E5g)
21. Part of the east coast of South America and the west coast of Africa have matching fossils within the same series of rock layers. What conclusion can be drawn from this evidence? (S6E5g)
22. Rocks are affected by heat and pressure. Identify one main source of this pressure. (S6E5c)
23. A student observed a rock made up of many small particles of sand arranged in light-colored layers and dark-colored layers. How did this type of rock most likely formed? (S6E5c)

Geology Unit Test 2 Study Guide KEY
24. Students want to identify a rock in a nearby field. What properties would be most useful in identifying the unknown rock? (S7E5b)
25. A researcher found fossils of a whale on top of a mountain. What conclusion can be drawn from this evidence about the region? (S6E5g)
26. Fill in the missing types of rocks in the textboxes on the diagram to the right. (S6E5c)
27. Identify the processes of the rock cycle as indicated by the letters in the diagram to the right. (S6E5c)
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
28. The diagram to the right shows undisturbed rock containing fossils.
Summarize the history of this area.
(S6E5g)
29. Look at the diagram to the right. Which physical property of Calcite is being tested?
(S6E5b)
The diagram to the right shows a method for determining a physical property of a mineral. The results are shown for two minerals, black crystal and red crystal.
30. Which property of the crystals is indicated by the color of the powder each leaves on the ceramic tile? (S6E5b)

Geology Unit Test 2 Study Guide KEY
31. Look at the diagram above. Identify the two types of rocks shown and describe the processes that would change a Granite rock into a Gneiss rock. (S6E5c)