29-18th and Early 19th Century Europe and North America

advertisement
This chapter explores art of the 1700’s and early 1800’s in Europe and North America,
including painting, architecture, decorative arts, and sculpture. Some trends of this
era include the intellectual philosophy known as The Enlightenment, with emphasis
on the artistic movements of Rococo, Neoclassicism, Romanticism and Gothic Revival.
NOTE:
THIS PERIOD MARKS THE
BEGINNING OF “THE MODERN ERA”
NOTE: Be prepared for some
REVIEW QUESTIONS on the Chapter Test.
TOPIC:
ART OF ANCIENT GREECE
We will be studying Mid- to late Nineteenth Century Art in Europe and the United
States as our next topic. Feel free to scan the pages in that section and take some
notes in order to get a head start.
TERMS:
Salon (905), memento mori (907), fête galante (908), pastel (912), capriccio (912),
veduta (913), kiln (917), jasperware (917), crenellations (920), ateliers (944), odalisque
(950), lithography (951), sublime (955)
Idyllic (907):
Picturesque (917):
Apotheosis (917):
École des Beaux-Arts (944):
Charmingly rustic and beautiful
Interesting but ordinary domestic landscape, designed to please the eye
Moment is which someone is made into a god
School of Fine Arts
CONCEPTS TO KNOW:
Know the basic principles of The Enlightenment (904)
Know the basic principles of Romanticism thinking (904)
Know the artistic conventions of Rococo style (905)
Know that Rococo style spread in France when the monarchy moved from Versailles to Paris (905)
Know what the Prix de Rome was (909)
Know what the Grand Tour was. Describe the purpose and location(s) of this journey (911)
Know the rediscovery of Pompeii & Herculaneum was instrumental in fostering Neoclassical style (911)
Know the goals of Neoclassical art and what democratic Neoclassical patrons hoped to achieve (911)
Know the role that Cardinal Alessandro Albani played in the fostering of Neoclassical style (913)
Know how Johann Winckelmann is associated with Albani. Know his thoughts on Rococo style (913-14)
Know Johann Winckelmann’s contributions to the study of art history (914)
Know the primary traits of Romanticism and how it arose in Great Britain (915)
Read Art and Its Contexts: Academies and Academy Exhibits (first two paragraphs) (924)
Know how Ben. West, an American Neoclassical painter, affects British Romanticism painting (926-927)
Know who Denis Diderot was, as well as what he thought art should accomplish (932)
Know the fundamental difference between the poussinistes and rubénistes (944)
Read The Object Speaks: Raft of the “Medusa” (946-947)
Know that most American governmental architecture was made in Neoclassical style (958)
GUIDE TO THE MAJOR TRENDS OF 18th AND EARLY 19th CENTURY ART IN EUROPE/NORTH AMERICA:
Rococo:
Sensual, ornate, and complex
-Pastel colors, delicately curving forms, dainty figures, lighthearted mood
Neoclassicism:
Simplified, historical, and restrained. Universal and high-minded
-Typically a more public art form, used history as inspiration
Romanticism:
Emotional, subjective, imaginative, irrational, celebrates the individual
-Typically a more private art form, used contemporary life as inspiration
LECTURE SLIDES:
TITLE
Europe and North America in the Eighteenth Century
ARTIST
Line Art
YEAR
Thomas Mifflin and Sarah Morris
John Singleton Copley
1773
Paul Revere
John Singleton Copley
1768
Salon de la Princesse, Hotel de Soubise, Paris
Germain Boffrand
1732
The Signboard of Gersaint
Watteau
1721
Pilgrimage to the Island of Cythera*
Watteau
1717
REMEMBER: Henry IV Rec. Portrait of Marie de’ Medici
Peter Paul Rubens
1621-1625
REMEMBER: The Suitor’s Visit
Gerard ter Borch
1658
Girl Reclining: Louise O’Murphy
François Boucher
1751
Madame de Pompadour
François Boucher
1756
Triumph of Venus*
François Boucher
1740
The Swing**
Jean-Honoré Fragonard
1766
The Meeting
Jean-Honoré Fragonard
1771-1773
The Invention of the Balloon
Clodion
1784
Satyr and Bacchante
Clodion
1775
Church of the Vierzehnheiligen, Bavaria, Germany
Johann Neumann
1743-1772
Plan of Church of the Vierzehnheiligen, Bavaria, Germany Line Art
1743-1772
REMEMBER: Plan of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane
Borromini
1638-1667
Charles Sackville, 2nd Duke of Dorset
Rosalba Carriera
1730
Louis XV*
Rosalba Carriera
1720-1721
The Doge’s Palace and the Riva Degli Schiavoni*
Canaletto
1730s
Santi Giovanni e Paolo Monument Bartolommeo Colleoni Canaletto
1735-1738
REMEMBER: Equestrian of Bartolommeo Colleoni Andrea del Verrocchio 1490
Westminster Abbey, Procession of Knights of the Bath
Canaletto
1749
Capriccio of Classical Ruins
Giovanni Paolo Pannini
1725-1730
View of the Pantheon, Rome*
Piranesi
1756
Villa of His Eminence Cardinal Alessandro Albani
Piranesi
Parnassus**
Mengs
1761
REMEMBER: Apollo Belvedere
Greek Late Classical
350 BCE
1769, published 1800–1807
Pauline Borghese as Venus*
Canova
1808
Psyche Revived by Cupid*
Canova
1787-1793
The Three Graces
Canova
1817
Chiswick House, West London*
Richard Boyle
1724-1729
Plan of Chiswick House, West London
Richard Boyle
1724-1729
REMEMBER: Villa Rotunda, Vicenza, Italy
Palladio
1560s
The Park at Stourhead, Wiltshire, England
Flitcroft and Hoare
1743
The Apotheosis of Homer*
Josiah Wedgwood
1790-1795
“Am I Not a Man and a Brother?”*
Hackwood & Wedgwood
1787
“Am I Not a Woman and a Sister?”
U.S. coin
1838
Strawberry Hill, Twickenham, England
Horace Walpole
1749-1776
Strawberry Hill Picture Gallery, Twickenham, England
Walpole, Chute and Bentley after 1754
REMEMBER: Ishtar Gate and Throne Room
Babylon, Iraq
575 BCE
Interior of Henry VII's Chapel in Westminster Abbey
Canaletto
1750s
Strawberry Hill Library, Twickenham, England
Walpole, Chute and Bentley after 1754
Georgian Silver
Morley, Burrows, Cooke, Bateman &Bateman
1790-1802
The Marriage Contract, Marriage à la Mode: part 1*
Hogarth
1743-1745
The Tête à Tête, Marriage à la Mode: part 2
Hogarth
1743-45
The Inspection, Marriage à la Mode: part 3
Hogarth
1743-45
The Toilette, Marriage à la Mode: part 4
Hogarth
1743-45
The Bagnio, Marriage à la Mode: part 5
Hogarth
1743-45
The Lady’s Death, Marriage à la Mode: part 6
Hogarth
1743-5
Lady Sarah Bunbury Sacrificing to the Graces
Joshua Reynolds
1765
Robert Andrews and Frances Carter
Thomas Gainsborough
1748-1750
An Experiment on a Bird in the Air-Pump*
Joseph Wright
1768
A Philosopher Giving a Lecture at the Orrery
Joseph Wright
1765
Academicians of the Royal Academy
Johan Zoffany
1771-1772
Cornelia Pointing to Her Children as Her Treasures*
Kauffmann
1785
Self Portrait Caught between Arts and Music
Kauffmann
1791
Severn River Bridge, Coalbrookdale, England
Abraham Darby III
1779
The Death of General Wolfe*
Benjamin West
1770
REMEMBER: Lamentation, Scrovegni Chapel, Padua
Giotto
1305-1306
The Incredulity of Thomas
Benjamin West
The Nightmare*
Fuseli
1781
Lady Macbeth with the Daggers
Fuseli
1812
Newton*
William Blake
1795-1805
Elohim Creating Adam
William Blake
1795
Watson and the Shark**
John Singleton Copley
1778
Panthéon (Church of Sainte-Geneviève)*
Soufflot, Paris
1755-1792
Plan of Panthéon (Church of Sainte-Geneviève)
Soufflot, Paris
1755-1792
Cutaway Illustration of Panthéon (Sainte-Geneviève)
Soufflot, Paris
1755-1792
The Governess*
Chardin
1793
The Village Bride*
Greuze
1761
The Drunken Cobbler*
Greuze
1780
Portrait of Marie Antoinette with Her Children*
Vigée-Lebrun
1781
Marie Antoinette Holding a Rose
Vigée-Lebrun
1783
Self-Portrait
Vigée-Lebrun
1790
Self-Portrait with Straw Hat
Vigée-Lebrun
1782
Oath of the Horatii**
Jacques-Louis David
1785
Study for Oath of the Horatii
Jacques-Louis David
1784-1785
Death of Marat*
Jacques-Louis David
1793
REMEMBER: Entombment, Vittrici Chapel, Rome
Caravaggio
1603-1604
Death of Socrates
Jacques-Louis David
1787
Portrait of Jean-Baptiste Belley
Girodet-Trioson
1797
Self-Portrait with Two Pupils*
Labille-Guiard
1785
George Washington*
Jean-Antoine Houdon
1788-1792
Benjamin Franklin
Jean-Antoine Houdon
1778
The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters, Los Caprichos
Francisco Goya
1799
Family of Charles IV*
Francisco Goya
1800
REMEMBER: Las Meninas
Diego Velázquez
1656
Third of May, 1808**
Francisco Goya
1815
Saint Peter Repentant
Francisco Goya
1824
Clothed Maja
Francisco Goya
1800
Naked Maja
Francisco Goya
1800
Saturn Devouring One of His Sons
Francisco Goya
1823
Atrial Cross, Chapel of the Indians, Basilica of Guadalupe
Mexico City
before 1556
Virgin of Guadalupe*
Sebastian Salcedo
1779
Mission San Xavier Del Bac (exterior)
Tuscon, Arizona
1784-1797
Mission San Xavier Del Bac (interior)
Tuscon, Arizona
1784-1797
Coronation of Napoleon I, 2nd December, 1804
Jacques-Louis David
1807
Napoleon Crossing the Saint-Bernard
Jacques-Louis David
1800-1801
Napoleon in his Study
Jacques-Louis David
1812
Napoleon in Plague House at Jaffa*
Gros
1804
REMEMBER: Prayer Hall, Great Mosque
Cordoba, Spain
785-786
Raft of the “Medusa”*
Géricault
1818-1819
The Sighting of “Argus”
Géricault
1818
The Sighting of “Argus”
Géricault
1818
Study of Hands and Feet
Géricault
1818-1819
Portrait of a Kleptomaniac
Géricault
1820
Liberty Leading the People**
Delacroix
1830
Departure of Volunteers of 1792, Arc de Triomphe, Paris
Rude
1833-1836
Arc de Triomphe, Paris
modern photograph
Large Odalisque*
Ingres
1814
Portrait of Madame Desire Raoul-Rochette
Ingres
1830
Apotheosis of Homer
Ingres
1827
Louis Bertin
Ingres
1832
Napoleon on his Imperial Throne
Ingres
1806
The Print Lovers*
Daumier
Third Class Carriage
Daumier
Diagram of the lithographic process
Line Art
The Hay Wain*
John Constable
1821
The White Horse
John Constable
1819
Ecole des Beaux (boze)-Arts, Paris (School of Fine Arts)
1862
REMEMBER: Salisbury Cathedral
England
1220-1258
Salisbury Cathedral from the Bishop’s Grounds
John Constable
1821
Salisbury Cathedral from the Meadows
John Constable
1821
Stonehenge
John Constable
1836
The Slave Ship*
Joseph Turner
1840
Burning of Houses of Lords and Commons, October, 1834* Joseph Turner
1834
Venice: The Customs Office and San Giorgio Maggiore
Joseph Turner
1834
The Oxbow*
Thomas Cole
1836
Sunday Morning on the Hudson River
Thomas Cole
1827
The Architect’s Dream
Thomas Cole
1840
Among the Sierra Nevada Mountains, California
Albert Bierstadt
1868
Monk by the Sea*
Caspar Friedrich
1809
Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog
Caspar Friedrich
1818
Abbey in the Oak Forest
Caspar Friedrich
1810
Houses of Parliament, London
Barry and Pugin
1836-1860
Westminster Abbey
modern photograph
Trinity Church, New York (exterior)*
Richard Upjohn
1839-1846
Trinity Church, New York (interior)
Richard Upjohn
1839-1846
Trinity Church Cemetery, September 11, 2001
modern photograph
Altes Museum, Berlin
Karl Friedrich Schinkel (Line Art)
1822-1830
Altes Museum, Berlin
Karl Friedrich Schinkel
Spree River, Berlin
modern photograph
United States Capitol, Washington, D.C.*
Benjamin Latrobe
1808
United States Capitol, Washington, D.C.
Thomas U. Walter
1859
United States Capitol, Washington, D.C.
modern photographs
Baltimore Basilica
Benjamin Latrobe
1806-1821
Monticello (exterior)**
Thomas Jefferson
1782
Monticello (sketch)
Thomas Jefferson
1782
Monticello (interior)
Thomas Jefferson
1782
*Possibly a slide-identification question. Know the title and artist.
**Know the title, artist and YEAR.
1822-1830
Download