Purchasing guides for the electronics industry Scan this QR code to subscribe Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics Featured Products Security Versus Cost The Move to Distributed Healthcare Healthy Challenges From Advantech: Customizable 10.4” fanless medical grade ODM tablet. MEMs Motion Sensing Enables NextGeneration Medical Systems From Axiomtek: Medical Grade Touch LCD Monitor –MMT175 Annual Industry Guide Solutions for engineers and embedded developers creating medical electronic components and systems EECatalog www.eecatalog.com/medical Gold Sponsors VersaLogic’s Mamba SBC provides extreme performance and high reliability for the most demanding embedded applications. Exceptional Service and Reliable Products Are MoreThan Just Our Promise It’s how we’ve done business for more than 30 years. Y ou need a partner you can rely upon to provide high quality embedded computers from prototyping and design-in, through years of product production. At VersaLogic, we design our embedded computer products from the ground up with a focus on high reliability and long-term availability. Every board we make is run through exhaustive quality tests, ensuring that we deliver only the best. And with our world class service and ¿ve year availability guarantee, things won¶t stall out on your production line. Whether you need one of our standard products or a version customized to your needs, our skilled technical staff will work with you to meet your exact speci¿cations. With more than 30 years experience delivering extraordinary support and on-time delivery, VersaLogic has perfected the ¿ne art of service One customer at a time. Contact us today to experience it for yourself. 1-800-824-3163 | 1-541-485-8575 | www.VersaLogic.com/go Recipient of the VDC Platinum Vendor Award for five years running! Welcome to the 2012 Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 www.eecatalog.com/medical VP/Associate Publisher Clair Bright cbright@extensionmedia.com (415) 255-0390 ext. 15 Editorial Editorial Director In August 2011, a computer threat analyst (and diabetic) showed a gathering of hackers at DefCon in Las Vegas how easy it is to wirelessly take control of an insulin pump on which a diabetic’s life could hinge. Jerome “Jay” Radcliffe’s demonstration was designed to spotlight the need to build software defenses into pace makers, insulin pumps and other medical devices. While some experts downplayed the risk in the context of the larger risk posed by not monitoring, Representatives Anna Eshoo (D-CA) and Ed Markey (D-MA) have since asked the General Accountability Office (GAO) to study the safety, reliability and compatibility of wireless-enabled medical devices and the regulatory bodies that oversee them. This story hasn’t played out fully yet, but we can expect to hear much more about security and medical devices. In this issue, we provide insight into some surprising threats that can be addressed with built-in security protocols to protect against unauthorized access to information inside the device or that establish secure authentication between devices. But security is only the tip of the iceberg. We also dig into power issues relating to voltage dips and power interrupts for medical equipment designers that demand close scrutiny. In other articles, experts explain the use of integrated USB microcontrollers in medical applications to the unique challenges of medical navigation applications along with sensor processing solutions. Our panel of experts touch on a wide range of current topics and trends, and you’ll find all the product information you need to make the best technology decisions for your application needs. Cheryl Berglund Coupé John Blyler jblyler@extensionmedia.com (503) 614-1082 Editor Cheryl Berglund Coupé Creative/Production Production Manager Spryte Heithecker Graphic Designers Keith Kelly - Senior Nicky Jacobson Production Assistant Jenn Burkhardt Senior Web Developer Mariam Moattari Advertising/Reprint Sales VP/Associate Publisher Embedded Electronics Media Group Clair Bright cbright@extensionmedia.com (415) 255-0390 ext. 15 Sales Manager Marcy Carnerie mcarnerie@extensionmedia.com (510) 919-4788 Marketing/Circulation Jenna Johnson To Subscribe www.extensionmedia.com/free Extension Media, LLC Corporate Office President and Publisher Vince Ridley vridley@extensionmedia.com Vice President, Sales Embedded Electronics Media Group Clair Bright cbright@extensionmedia.com Vice President, Marketing and Product Development Karen Murray kmurray@extensionmedia.com Vice President, Business Development Melissa Sterling msterling@extensionmedia.com Special Thanks to Our Sponsors Editor P.S. To subscribe to our series of Resource Catalogs for developers, engineers, designers, and managers, visit: www.eecatalog.com/medical 2 The Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics is published by Extension Media LLC. Extension Media makes no warranty for the use of its products and assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this Catalog nor does it make a commitment to update the information contained herein. The Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics is Copyright ®2011 Extension Media LLC. No information in this Catalog may be reproduced without expressed written permission from Extension Media @ 1786 18th Street, San Francisco, CA 94107-2343. All registered trademarks and trademarks included in this Catalog are held by their respective companies. Every attempt was made to include all trademarks and registered trademarks where indicated by their companies. Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 Contents Healthy Challenges by Cheryl Coupé......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Medical Platforms You Can Count On by Advantech ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 8 Bringing Quality Healthcare to the Workplace and Retail Environment by Intel ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Medical Device and System Solutions from Elma Electronic Inc. by Elma Electronic ................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Security Measures for Internet Enabled Devices by Icon Labs ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 17 The Move to Distributed Healthcare by Cheryl Coupé....................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 Key Power Issues for Medical Equipment Designers by Chris Jones, product marketing director and Conor Quinn, technical marketing director, Embedded Power, Emerson Network Power ...... 20 Designing Portable, Wearable and Implantable Medical Electronics with Ultra-Low-Power Microcontrollers by Rajesh Verma, MSP430 product marketing manager and Srini Sridhara, MCU member group technical staff, Texas Instruments ....... 23 Security Versus Cost by Cheryl Coupé....................................................................................................................................................................................... 27 MEMS Motion Sensing Enables Next-Generation Medical Systems by Bob Scannell, business development manager, inertial MEMS products, Analog Devices, Inc........................................................30 USB Connectivity in an Embedded World by Pedro Pachuca, MCU interface marketing manager, Silicon Labs ...................................................................................................... 34 Products and Services Chips Chips Micross Components Semiconductor Die and Specialized Packaging Solutions....... 37 Boards Modules Radicom Research, Inc. Medical Modems .................................................................. 38 Motherboards Advantech Corporation AIMB-580 .............................................................................. 39 AXIOMTEK Intel® Tunnel Creek CPU & Intel® TopCliff IOH Combine to Deliver Excellent Computing Performance with Low Power Consumption -PICO822 .............................................. 39 COMMELL COMMELL launches LV-67H---2nd generation Core i7/i5/i3 Mini-ITX................................................................................. 40 4 VersaLogic Corp. Intel® Core™ 2 Duo processor on standard EBX footprint ..... 41 Low power Intel® Atom™ processor Z5xx on a PC/104-Plus form factor ........................................................ 41 Systems Logic Supply SR101 15” Intel Atom N270 IP65 Panel PC .......................... 42 Development Application AXIOMTEK Medical Grade Touch LCD Monitor –MMT175 .................... 43 Icon Labs Floodgate Firewall................................................................. 44 Iconfidant SSH & SSL............................................................ 45 Systems Advantech Corporation 10.4” Customizable Medical Grade ODM Tablet.................. 46 HIT-W121 .............................................................................. 46 PIT-1502W ............................................................................. 47 Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE Healthy Challenges Medical Device Manufacturers Provide New Care Platforms by Cheryl Coupé From home healthcare and telemedicine to high-end diagnostic and treatment applications, change is rippling through the medical equipment market. As always, technology advances drive much of the evolution, but government and market factors also have an impact. Healthcare reform in the United States, high-speed networks that bring diagnostic tools to remote areas around the world, and consumer acceptance of home monitoring devices all provide opportunities for device developers. As always, opportunities also come with challenges – in human-machine interfaces, performance, security, enclosures, standards and many other areas. We talked to Justin Moll, director of marketing for Elma Bustronic, and Clayton Tucker, global business director for Embedded Healthcare Technologies at Emerson Network Power to get their take on the changes under way. t *T UIJT KVTU B QPSUBM GPS IFBMUIDBSF QSPGFTTJPOBMT TP UIF patient does not need to travel to the facility? t *TJUBDPTUTBWJOHUPUIFFOUJSFJOEVTUSZ t 0SJTUIJTBNBSLFUJOHBOEUSBJOJOHPQQPSUVOJUZGPSJOTVSance providers and healthcare groups? The level of concern over privacy is higher in Western cultures compared to other regions such as China, resulting in those geographies having lower barriers to implementation and faster adoption, and thereby driving the market development. A more phased approach may be required in Western cultures, with devices offering increasing levels of functionality as privacy and cultural issues adapt and change. Some home monitoring and interfacing services that already exist on a small scale (devices that alert professional care givers of accidents, “falling and I cannot get up”model) may be the starting point. Those portals to the home already exist for some patients with chronic conditions and for elderly care. These applications may provide a platform for new extended home healthcare applications. Society’s acceptance of these services is the barrier in Western cultures; technology is most definitely not. Flexible, mobile, connected, real-time healthcare is the next step in addressing the world’s access to affordable healthcare. EE Catalog: The market for home healthcare and mobile medical devices is exploding, providing plenty of opportunities for embedded developers – but what kind of challenges does this present? Clayton Tucker, Emerson Network Power: Primarily there are information-management and security issues associated with extending healthcare to the patient’s home. WiFi and 3G are widely adopted and suitable home networking technologies. While data protection and network access are well established capabilities in these mediums,the acquisition and processing of patient healthcare information in the relatively insecure home environment presents further challenges. There is also a question of what applications can extend to the home.Is it just the collection of vitals, i.e., pulse, blood pressure, temperature, etc.?Or is it more extensive peak flow, oxygen, ECG, blood glucose and other basic fluid analysis? These usage models affect how embedded developers approach their projects: 6 EE Catalog: Consumer-oriented design requirements such as those for smartphones and other “infotainment” devices are spilling into many embedded designs. How are developers adapting medical devices to meet those expectations and still meet stringent industry-specific requirements? Tucker, Emerson Network Power: Consumer smartphones do not have the life cycle, extensive I/O and ruggedness required by healthcare professionals. The additional security elements required for HIPAA information sharing and transfer are not associated with standard smartphone protocols. Some medical equipment makers Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 EECatalog are designing mobile platforms for the clinical environment, there is much to consider here due to the life cycle factors plus specialized purpose-built elements not usually found in consumer platforms. The driving factors for designers of industrial healthcare platforms include dust and moisture protection greater than IP54, fanless operation, drop-proof or designing for rugged use, industrial components with a minimum five-year life cycle, healthcare ergonomics and aesthetics. It is important to note that this is not a commercial off-the-shelf platform like the Xoom or iPad. Those products can go a great distance but in the end the I/O, clinical applications and the aforementioned design elements drive a more industrial clinical design approach. EE Catalog: What are some of the challenges developers are addressing in today’s medical imaging equipment? Justin Moll, Elma Bustronic: One of the big challenges for imaging equipment such as MRIs and PET/CAT scans is battling time. The longer the scan takes, the less productivity you are pulling from this capital-intensive equipment. Slow scans cause patient backlogs, tie-up key personnel and decrease satisfaction in patient care. In addition, certain scans use radioactive dyes whose exposure in patients needs to be kept to the minimum time necessary. Developers are utilizing faster embedded-system designs that achieve high availability (minimal downtime) and reliability, while tackling the massive data processing required for these systems. In particular, systems that offer backwards compatibility to existing VME or cPCI architectures provide a cost-effective solution with a wide ecosystem. This is achieved while providing significant performance gains for the high-bandwidth requirements, reducing the time required for scans. Tucker, Emerson Network Power: Beyond the challenges already mentioned – dust and moisture protection greater than IP54, fanless operation, drop-proof or designing for rugged use, industrial components with a minimum five-year life cycle,healthcare ergonomics and aesthetics – medical equipment developers face a multitude of open standards and interoperability issues that are common to many design engineers. While open standards are very valuable for driving innovation and holding down cost through competition, they can also present interoperability challenges when different companies interpret and implement specifications in slightly different ways. What’s more, in some areas there is a plethora of open standards. At the board and module level for example, there are over 30 form factor standards ranging from the smallest pluggable mezzanine to the largest high-performance server boards, with sub-specifications and implementation options within every standard. Navigating that maze takes some expertise and experience, which is why www.eecatalog.com/medical SPECIAL FEATURE medical equipment companies are increasingly turning to embedded computing specialists to manage their platform integration. EE Catalog: What future developments are you most excited about in terms of medical electronics? Moll, Elma Bustronic: The interesting dynamic that we see is the optimization of performance density for medical devices and instruments. Space is a premium in most electronics applications and this holds true for most medical designs. However, the human-machine interface is a critical element in most devices. So developers need to find ways to optimize front-panel space as well as the overall footprint of the device enclosure. Enclosures are now being designed with precise sizes in mind with highly versatile extrusions. This allows a customized (with a precise-sized enclosure) design using standard parts, which minimizes costs and leadtimes. On the front of the enclosure panel, dual concentric switches are also being employed that have two switches in one housing. This saves critical front-panel space. More devices are also using high-end encoders that offer superior tactile feedback. This allows the medical personnel to tune the device “by feel” without having to divert their attention from the patient. Tucker, Emerson Network Power: We are excited about flexible, mobile, connected, real-time healthcare platforms. Bringing healthcare to the patient provides challenges but it also provides us with some healthy challenges to overcome through better designs and improved capabilities as an industry. We are addressing many of these new requirements and Emerson Network Power can often get in front of the curve due to our vast experience in creating platforms for telecommunications, military and aerospace, government, automation, digital signage and other applications. This experience provides us with a clear path in understanding the challenges that have been conquered in these other areas. Flexible, mobile, connected, real-time healthcare is the next step in addressing the world’s access to affordable healthcare. Cheryl Berglund Coupé is editor of EECatalog. com. Her articles have appeared in EE Times, Electronic Business, Microsoft Embedded Review and Windows Developer’s Journal and she has developed presentations for the Embedded Systems Conference and ICSPAT. She has held a variety of production, technical marketing and writing positions within technology companies and agencies in the Northwest. 7 Medical Platforms You Can Count On Advantech is a market leader with over 10 years of experience delivering comprehensive high-performance computing systems for the medical market and top 10 global medical companies. All computing platforms are designed to satisfy demanding mission-critical Product reliability and quality following strict quality assurance procedures; our products have been adopted by major medical companies worldwide. Certifications Advantech medical products meet UL60601-1/EN06061-1 standards for electrical and under existing national regulations. Product longevity vendors and suppliers, Advantech always provides customers with stable and reliable Customer service With local support provided by regional service centers in the US, China, Asia, and Europe, Global sales and services With 25 years of experience, and the combined talent of more than 2,000 people, Advantech operates an extensive support, sales and marketing network in 16 countries and 28 major cities to deliver fast time-to-market services to our worldwide customers. 8 Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 The Emergence of Healthcare Infotainment Healthcare Healthcare Infotainment terminals are a variety of “bedside terminals” that allow patients to do anything from watching movies and TV, to making phone calls, playing games, or communicating via the internet. They can also be used for email, web browsing, accessing hospital intranets, or if medically advisable, even work. providers to perform medical functions. Application Areas Hospitals / Medical Centers Bedside entertainment programs Communication and intranet services Service on demand applications Remote patient data retrieval Treatment Centers Elderly Care / Home Healthcare Wide viewing angle and sharp images for diagnosis and discussion Photo, video, and multimedia display Advertising and educational services Video capture Video communication for easy interaction Personal alarms and telecare monitoring system Emergency call Community service bulletin Successful Applications Enhancing Data Accuracy and Higher Patient Satisfaction in the Ward Location : Taiwan Hospital : ChungGung Memorial Hospital Application : Location : Hong Kong Hospital : Hong Hong Sanatorium & Hospital Application : Bedside infotainment & facility control www.eecatalog.com/medical 9 Single Integrated Bedside Solution Potential Applications Hospital services/directions Menus/special order Promotional videos Internet access Digital phone Intranet access Movies-on-demand Bed administration Accounts and billing HIS reporting/surveys Electronic drug charting Educational programming Nursing observation assistant Electronic patient records (EPR) Computerized physician/provider order entry (CPOE) Video conferences with home Software Solutions Working with the world’s leading clinical bedside computing technology, our software partners provide a secure touchscreen gateway to clinical diagnostic power, up to date medical data and the latest digital entertainment & communications services from every patient bedside. Service Delivery Medication data HIS server Streaming server LAN Emergency call Emergency alarm DC-in Radio, TV, Films Telephone MSN, e-mail Web shopping and games Food and drink ordering Medical education USB Bar code scanner UPS Magnetic swipe Finger printer Why Choose Advantech for Healthcare Solutions? Over ten years experience in medical markets Dedicated medical R & D team of engineers Strict revision control and design reliability Serving the top 10 global medical companies Global logistics and RMA services with local support Extensive customization capability from board to system level Experience with global healthcare market regulations Sealed to meet IP65/NEMA4 standards Longevity and superior warranty/service options Global company with worldwide presence Ecosystem partnership for patient infotainment software development 10 Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 Product Information PIT-1501W/1502W PATIENT INFOTAINMENT TERMINAL CHECKLIST Intel® Atom™ 1.6 GHz Processor / Atom™ Dual Core Processor 1.6 GHz 15.6" TFT-LCD display with touchscreen Built-in 2.0 megapixel camera Built-in mic, speaker & head-set support Equipped with RFID/Wi-Fi/Smart Card Reader Built-in emergency key and 2 x indicators Multiple input supports: RJ-45, USB x 2, COM x 1 Windows® XP Embedded architecture Touchscreen Remote control RFID Smart card Durable Anti-bacterial enclosure Easy to clean and disinfect Flexible mounting solutions Quiet/silent operation PIT-1702 Intel® Celeron® M Processor ULV 1.06 GHz/ Intel® Core™2 Duo Processor 1.06 GHz 17" TFT-LCD with touchscreen Built-in 2.0 megapixel camera Built-in mic, speaker & head-set support Equipped with RFID/WiFi/Smart Card Reader Built-in emergency key and 2 x indicators Multiple input supports: RJ-45, USB x 2 Windows® XP Embedded architecture Low heat dissipation Flexible communications Easily updatable Digital TV Tuner Flexible audio options UTC-W101 10.1” Wide w/touchscreen, Intel® Atom™ Processor Z530 1.6 GHz Optional : RFID/Wi-Fi/TV Tuner Lightweight / Flexible Mounting VESA75 Front panel IP65/NEMA4 compliant Windows® XP Embedded architecture IPX1 and IP65/ NEMA4 HIT-W121 11.6” Wide Full Flat Display with touchscreen, Intel® Atom™ Dual Core Processor 1.6 GHz Smart Card Reader Ready Optional: Handset /RFID/Wi-Fi /TV Tuner/2.0 Megapixel camera Lightweight/Flexible Mounting VESA75 IP54 Front Panel and IPX1 system compliant Windows® XP Embedded architecture Q1 2011 Q4 2010 HIT-W151 15.6” Wide Full Flat Display with touchscreen, Intel® Atom™ Dual Core Processor 1.6 GHz Smart Card Reader Ready Optional: Barcode/RFID/Wi-Fi/TV Tuner/2.0 Megapixel camera Lightweight / Flexible Mounting VESA75/100 Windows® XP Embedded architecture 4ESLA3UITEs)RVINE#! 4OLL&REEs&AX %MAIL%#'INFO ADVANTECHCOM WWWADVANTECHCOM www.eecatalog.com/medical 11 CASE STUDY SoloHealth* Station Intel® Core™ i5 Processor Healthcare Industry Bringing Quality Health Care to the Workplace and Retail Environment SoloHealth* enables individuals to conveniently monitor their blood pressure, vision, weight and body mass LQGH[XVLQJLWVVHOIVHUYLFHKHDOWKVFUHHQLQJNLRVNEDVHGRQWKHODWHVW,QWHOWHFKQRORJLHV “Our health screening kiosks empower consumers and employees to take charge of their own health, while reducing costs and improving access to care.” In the U.S., a national discussion is underway about how to lower the cost and improve the performance of the healthcare system. Compared to any peer country, the U.S. spends far more per person and ranks last in population health, according to a recent study by the Conference Board of Canada.1 Large sections of the American public suffer from a wide range of preventable or treatable conditions: 65 million people have hypertension; 65 million are prediabetic; 122 million are overweight or obese; and 150 million have some form of visual impairment. The delivery of health care needs to be transformed into a more preventative and proactive approach versus a reactionary one, referred to as ´ÀQGLWÀ[LWµE\'U5DOSK6Q\GHUPDQ FKDQFHOORUHPHULWXVRIWKH'XNH8QLYHUVLW\ Health System.2 At the forefront of innovation, SoloHealth* is advancing wellness and prevention programs with solutions that incorporate the latest computing and networking technologies. Currently in test market, its SoloHealth Station allows people to screen their vision, blood pressure, ZHLJKWERG\PDVVLQGH[%0,DQGRYHUDOO health – or any combination of the four – in seven minutes or less. The station can be conveniently located in the workplace or a retail environment, giving workers and shoppers tools and information to positively impact their own health. SoloHealth is also committed to working with strategic partners to increase general public health awareness, having received a substantial grant from the National Institutes of Health and having recently presented the SoloHealth Station to a panel including Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius. – Rick Voight VP, Channel Development SoloHealth* 12 Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 “The SoloHealth* Station complements our in-store pharmacies, giving us a highly personalized and interactive avenue to reach and engage our customers.” – Mike Juergensmeyer VP Fuel & Pharmacy Schnucks Markets, Inc. Figure 1. SoloHealth* Station: Self-Service Health Screening Kiosk The Technology That Helps Drive Innovation %DVHGRQWKHODWHVW,QWHOWHFKQRORJLHVWKH SoloHealth Station provides a multi-screen WHVWLQJH[SHULHQFHDORQJZLWKDFWLRQDEOH health recommendations, medical product information and local physician listings. The kiosk was also designed with the ability to H[SDQGRIIHULQJVWRPHHWWKHFKDOOHQJHVRI today’s changing health care system. CHALLENGES Multi-service station: 'HYHORSDVHOI service kiosk capable of conducting multiple health screenings via a simple touch screen and helpful interactive videos. ,QWHURSHUDELOLW\'HVLJQDVROXWLRQWKDW HDVLO\WLHVLQWRRWKHUV\VWHPVHJ´&ORXG &RPSXWLQJµSHUVRQDOKHDOWKUHFRUGV SOLUTIONS +LJKSHUIRUPDQFHSODWIRUP A highSHUIRUPDQFH,QWHO&RUHLSURFHVVRU based computer runs various health tests and manages multiple screens simultaneously. Secure connectivity: The station communicates over the Internet and PRELOHEURDGEDQGFHOOXODUVHUYLFHWRRWKHU V\VWHPVXVLQJVHFXULW\WHFKQRORJLHVHJ HQFU\SWLRQ931 www.eecatalog.com/medical 7KH6HOI6HUYLFH([SHULHQFH The SoloHealth Station administers simple tests with help from straightforward touchscreen menus and interactive instructional videos. The station provides consumers a customized report that shows an assessment of their near and distance vision, blood pressure, weight DQGERG\PDVVLQGH[%0,DVZHOODV educational videos on a number of health topics and conditions, a listing of doctors, and valuable offers from healthcare partners. Consumers can choose a doctor on the screen and immediately connect ZLWKKLVRUKHURIÀFHWRVFKHGXOHDQ appointment. As a result, the physicians listed by the kiosk will have greater access to new patients, particularly as the patient SRROH[SDQGVDVDUHVXOWRIWKHQHZ healthcare legislation. The SoloHealth Station does not replace DQH[DPLQDWLRQE\DPHGLFDOSURIHVVLRQDO It is designed simply to provide an initial screening and encourage consumers to visit a healthcare provider for a followXSH[DPZKHQQHHGHG$VFRQVXPHUV become more educated about health issues involving weight, blood pressure and eyesight, they are likely to visit their healthcare professionals on a more regular basis, resulting in better outcomes. 13 1HZ2SSRUWXQLWLHVIRU&RUSRUDWLRQV and Retailers 0DQ\FRPSDQLHVDUHH[SORULQJQHZZD\V to reduce health care costs, including programs designed to motivate employees to become more aware and proactive about their overall health. Such programs can be reinforced by encouraging employees to regularly perform health screening at self-service kiosks located in KLJKWUDIÀFDUHDVVXFKDVWKHFRPSDQ\ cafeteria or gym. Pharmacy Beyond The Kiosk 7KH6ROR+HDOWKH[SHULHQFHPD\VWDUWDW WKHNLRVNEXWFDQH[WHQGWRQXPHURXV consumer touchpoints using digital, email, mobile, social and other technologies. After the initial screening, users can create accounts accessible from any SoloHealth Station, as well as a future online portal and mobile applications. With the consumer’s approval, these applications )LJXUHZLOOIDFLOLWDWHWKHWUDFNLQJDQG trending of health data among corporate wellness programs, motor vehicle departments, healthcare providers and insurance companies, among others: &RUSRUDWLRQV Offer incentives based on employee progress toward wellness program goals Local Providers Mobile/Web Devices Insurance Companies Data Insights In Store Figure 2. Touchpoints Enabled by the SoloHealth* Platform Supermarkets and other mass merchant retailers also provide convenient access to health screening for a large portion of the populace that typically goes shopping once or twice a week. Without changing their behavior, consumers can get tested RXWVLGHRIWKHGRFWRU·VRIÀFH0RUHRYHU kiosks, often placed near pharmacies, can help retailers increase shopper loyalty and drive higher sales of pharmaceuticals and other health-related products. The SoloHealth Station is currently in test trials in stores operated by Schnucks 0DUNHWVDFKDLQRIPRUHWKDQ VWRUHVLQWKH0LGZHVW 14 ,Q6WRUHIncrease sales by displaying targeted advertising, promoting store specials, offering coupons ,QVXUDQFH&RPSDQLHV Enroll patients HJ0HGLFDUH3DUW'DQGSHUIRUPULVN assessments 0RELOH:HE0DNHLWHDVLHUIRU consumers to access and track health data from anywhere, anytime /RFDO3URYLGHUV Attract new patients and monitor current patient health screening results 'DWD,QVLJKWV Tie health screen data to SHUVRQDOKHDOWKUHFRUG3+5DQGFROOHFW shopper market data 7DNLQJWKH6HOI6HUYLFH.LRVN to a New Level The SoloHealth Station builds on its predecessor, the award-winning EyeSite vision-screening kiosk, which currently serves retail outlets in nine metro markets. The new kiosk performs three additional tests and was designed with high speed connectivity and cloud computing in mind. All of the functionality is supported by a single computer board equipped with an Intel Core i5 processor that eliminates the need for multiple computers. The high-performance processor is quick to respond to touchscreen inputs, enabling DQH[FHSWLRQDOXVHUH[SHULHQFH For its previous design, the station required a second computer for its digital VLJQDJHGLVSOD\1RZWKHKLJKGHÀQLWLRQ digital signage, user interface screen and vision testing display are all supported by the Intel Core i5 processor-based board. This consolidation helps to minimize the kiosk footprint, which requires about WKHVDPHÁRRUVSDFHDVWUDGLWLRQDOEORRG SUHVVXUHPDFKLQHV7KH,QWHOSURFHVVRU based board allows SoloHeath to run the entire station on one PC, instead of two, which lowered the overall cost, size and FRPSOH[LW\RIWKHPDFKLQH The Intel Core i5 processor-based FRPSXWHUKDVWKHFDSDELOLW\WRH[HFXWH multiple health screenings simultaneously, while playing video content on multiple screens and responding to users’ touchscreen inputs. The processor platform can also communicate in a secure fashion with other systems over local area QHWZRUNV/$1WKH,QWHUQHWRUPRELOH connections. The platform uses the latest security encryption technologies to ensure the consumer data is not compromised. Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 “The SoloHealth Station will impact millions of Americans by providing them with free and easy health screenings, connecting them with local physicians and allowing them to track their results over time.” - Bart Foster CEO SoloHealth. /RZHULQJWKH7RWDO&RVWRI Ownership SoloHealth designed its kiosks using technologies that lower operating H[SHQVHVIRUFRPSDQLHVDQGUHWDLOHUV Reducing support costs, the SoloHealth Station can be serviced remotely, with functions such as rebooting, diagnosing problems and, in some cases, restoring corrupted software. When system issues DUHUHVROYHGUHPRWHO\H[SHQVLYHRQVLWH repair visits aren’t needed. SoloHealth is also able to gather valuable data and generate reports regarding overall usage patterns and demographics. The computing system in the SoloHealth 6WDWLRQLV,QWHOY3URWHFKQRORJ\ compatible; so in the future, SoloHealth can turn on a set of technologies that improve system manageability, software ÁH[LELOLW\DQGVHFXULW\)RULQVWDQFH RQHRIWKHWHFKQRORJLHVLV,QWHO$FWLYH 0DQDJHPHQW7HFKQRORJ\,QWHO$073, which provides advanced remote management and maintenance. It enables ,7SURIHVVLRQDOVWRTXHU\À[DQGSURWHFW networked devices, even when they’re powered off, not responding or have software issues. “Since many retail stores don’t have onsite IT departments, getting V\VWHPVUHSDLUHGFDQEHDQH[SHQVLYH and time-consuming proposition. Intel $07HQDEOHVPDLQWHQDQFHXSJUDGHV and repairs over a network connection ZLWKRXWDWUXFNUROOWRWKHVLWHµVD\V$OH[ Zilberman, market development manager at Intel. Just the Beginning The SoloHealth Station is focused on some of the most common and serious health conditions of the population – obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and vision impairment. SoloHealth, with active involvement from Intel, designed its kiosk with the leading-edge technologies and performance headroom needed to DFFRPPRGDWHH[SDQVLRQWRPHHWIXWXUH needs. “Self-service healthcare options ZLOOSOD\DQH[WUHPHO\LPSRUWDQWUROHLQ reducing healthcare costs and improving DFFHVVPRYLQJIRUZDUGDQGZHDUHH[FLWHG WREHDOHDGHULQWKLVSLYRWDOQHZVSDFHµ says Bart Foster, CEO of SoloHealth. For more information about the SoloHealth Station, visit ZZZVRORKHDOWKFRP For more information about health care solutions from Intel, visit ZZZLQWHOFRPJRPHGLFDO 1 Source: www.conferenceboard.ca/press/newsrelease/11-05-12/Health_Spending_Other_Countries_Get_Better_Results_For_Less.aspx 2 Source: Dr. Ralph Snyderman, chancellor emeritus of the Duke University Health System, speaking at the 2011 National Undergraduate Bioethics Conference, http://dukechronicle.com/article/speakers-outline-future-bioethics 3 Intel® Active Management Technology (Intel® AMT) requires the platform to have an Intel AMT-enabled chipset, network hardware and software, as well as connection with a power source and a corporate network connection. With regards to notebooks, Intel AMT may not be available or certain capabilities may be limited over a host OS-based VPN or when connecting wirelessly, on battery power, sleeping, hibernating or powered off. For more information, see http://www.intel.com/ technology/manage/iamt. Copyright © 2011 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. Intel, the Intel logo, Intel Core and Intel vPro are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. *Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. www.eecatalog.com/medical Printed in USA 0811/MS/SD/PDF Please Recycle 325921-001US 15 Medical Device and System Solutions from Elma Electronic Inc. by Elma Electronic Elma offers leading solutions for various Medical devices and systems. This includes instrument cases, rotary switches and LEDs, and cabinet enclosures. The company also provides products and solutions for standard architecture embedded computing platforms, including powered enclosures, backplanes and boards. Elma is renowned for its quality modular solutions, design expertise, and superior service. Our design solutions can be found in products such as MRI machines, blood analyzers, diagnostic equipment and more. Instrument Cases & Components Medical electronic instruments need reliable, quality enclosures to house the electronics. Elma offers various portable, lab/ desktop, and rackmount enclosure types in nearly endless configurations. Our modular design allows a wide range of sizes and design implementations. Starting with a proven base platform, customization is quicker, easier, and more cost-effective – in even small quantities. Rotary Switches, Knobs, and LEDs Medical devices often require switches and knobs for attenuating and selector controls. Elma offers a wide range of incremental encoders, selector and coded switches, and potentiometers for mission-critical applications. Where many far-East products fail before 10,000 lifecycles, our products work well within specifications above 25K, 50K, and for some products 100K lifecycles. Elma achieves this by using quality components, design-for-reliability initiatives, superior materials such as gold plating and rugged steel components, and more. Elma soft touch, bell shaped, and other knobs offer superior ergonomics and aesthetics, giving your medical device a feel of quality design. Elma also offers LEDs, light guides, and other indication and illuminating products for medical devices. Creative designs such as SMD versions for manufacturability, flexible light guides that allow all types of PCB-to-panel connections and LED light tubes are just a few of our solutions. 16 Backplanes, System Platforms and Integrated Embedded Computing Elma’s Systems division provides system architecture, hardware, and software design to quickly deliver complete solutions and expedite time to market. The company’s focus is to leverage proven technology based on standard architectures (i.e. VME, VPX, CPCI, ATCA and MicroTCA). With the acquisition of ACT/Technico in January 2009, Elma became a leading supplier of open-standards embedded boards and integrated sub-systems. Elma’s Embedded Computing Products and Services meet a range of ESD and temperature requirements, providing solutions for a myriad of applications such as MRI machines, PETscan devices and more. Powered chassis and enclosures, backplanes, processor boards, mass storage, RAID, I/O and networking solutions, RTOS, Linux/Windows and device drivers continue to be offered under the brand name of ACT/Technico. Cabinet Enclosures and Lab Carts Medical labs, IT rooms, and some medical equipment need racks, cabinets, desks/consoles, or carts designed for various environments. Optima EPS, an Elma company, offers cabinet enclosure and related products with EMC, seismic/ mobile, sealing, and other design options. The company offers a lightweight aluminum extruded approach that provides a wide range of configurations through a modular design. Our design experts can create a cost-effective custom solution for you based on a proven platform. CONTACT US Elma Electronic 44350 Grimmer Blvd Fremont, CA 94538 510-656-3400 sales@elma.com www.elma.com Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 Security Measures for Internet Enabled Devices Increased reliance on intelligent devices and a growing number of threats require proactive security measures. by Icon Labs Embedded devices, including medical devices, are the fastest growing segment of Internet users. The number of embedded devices on the Internet is predicted to be five times the number of PCs on the Internet by 2015. As our reliance on intelligent devices grows, so does our vulnerability to the failure of these devices. Extension Media talked to Alan Grau, CEO of Icon Labs, about security threats for embedded devices, trends in device security and what steps companies should take to protect their devices from Internet threats. Q: It seems I read about a new security threat, Internet attack or virus almost daily. Most of these attacks are against Windows PCs and enterprise networks. Are embedded devices vulnerable to the same type of threats? Aren’t many of the malware and viruses specifically targeted to Windows PCs? A: Yes and no. A large number of security threats specifically target Windows or Linux, but an increasing number of Internet attacks threaten embedded devices directly. We have identified the three most significant Internet threats directed at embedded devices. The first is data protection: ensuring that data stored on the device, and communication with the device, is not intercepted or improperly accessed. The second threat is unauthorized access whereby someone actually hacks into and takes control of the device. The third threat is Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, an attack against a device causing it to fail or degrading its performance to the point that the device cannot effectively operate. All too often companies rush designs and launch products without ensuring sufficient security measures are in place, leaving the devices completely vulnerable to attack. With insufficient security, an unauthorized person can access the device or intercept communications. While encryption and authentication technology has addressed some of the issues, they only provide a basic level of security and do not provide protection from DoS attacks. The result of a DoS attack can be just as severe as if the device had been hacked. Companies need to recognize that threats against embedded devices are growing and the stakes are rising. Q: What steps can companies take to protect their devices from these attacks? A: Companies must start with encryption and authentication, but to ensure adequate protection a firewall must be added to the embedded device. Q: What products are available to companies building embedded devices that address these security issues? A: Icon Labs has developed three tools - Iconfidant SSH, Iconfidant SSL, and Floodgate Packet Filter – that allow companies to build security and protection into their embedded devices. Iconfidant SSH and SSL provide encryption and authentication for secure remote access. Floodgate Packet Filter is an embedded firewall that provides both static and dynamic filtering (stateful packet inspection). Floodgate also provides threshold-based filtering specifically designed to protect against DoS attacks. Together these products protect embedded devices from all major Internet threats. Q: How real are these threats? Aren’t many embedded devices built using custom operating systems that are not vulnerable to Windows based viruses? A: The threats are very real. While most embedded devices are not vulnerable to Windows viruses, they are still vulnerable to many other threats such as DoS attacks. Automated hacking drones constantly scan Internet-connected computers looking for any vulnerability. If a device is connected to the Internet you need to assume it will be attacked. www.eecatalog.com/medical CONTACT INFORMATION Icon Labs 3636 Westown Pkwy, Suite 203 West Des Moines, IA 50266 888-235-3443x22 Toll Free 515-226-3443x22 Telephone 877-379-0504 Fax info@iconlabs.com www.iconlabs.com 17 EECatalog INDUSTRY FORECAST The Move to Distributed Healthcare Devices Incorporate Sensors and Telehealth Capabilities to Increase Access by Cheryl Coupé While the need for large medical equipment such as MRIs continues, Jack Gold,president and principal analyst of J. Gold Associates, LLC says, “If you look at what’s taking place in the medical arena over the next few years, we’re moving to a much more distributed approach. And especially we’re moving to a much more sensor-based approach.” Drivers for this change include increased capabilities and improved costs of sensors, increasing processing power (both independent and embedded in the sensor) and the improved availability of wired and wireless networks. This trend is supported by a new report, “The World Market for Telehealth – A Quantitative Market Assessment – 2011 Edition,” by InMedica, the medical electronics market research group within IMS Research, which forecasts that the world market for telehealth will exceed $1 billion by 2016 and could jump to $6 billion in 2020. “Many public healthcare systems now have targets to reduce both the number of hospital visits and the length of stay in hospital,” stated Diane Wilkinson, research manager at InMedica. “This has led to a growing trend for healthcare to be managed outside the traditional hospital environment, and as a result, there is a growing trend for patients to be monitored in their home environment using telehealth technologies once their treatment is complete.” From an embedded perspective, Gold explains, “We’re moving to world where it’s not just massive machines; it’s also lots of small machines networked together. Embedded capability is revolutionizing the way we think about healthcare.”While we can now gather more information about patients, the peripheral impact is what to do with that information, how to store it and keep it secure and how to compensate providers for its use outside of traditional care environments. These changes are having a dramatic impact in the medical community, and the decisions that are made from governments on down will impact device manufacturers for some time. Embedded developers will need to address issues around reliability and security, power requirements and interoperability. While care providers are being driven by consumer demands for cheaper, more accessible information (and the implications of that), developers reap some of the benefits of consumerization, such as the number of sensors in consumer devices driving costs down, and the trend towards reusable software that should improve both development time and costs. Similar to evolutions in other industries (such as smart grid), the technology is moving faster than the infrastructure can handle. Wilkinson adds, “By far the most established market for telehealth at present is the US, as evidenced by the Veteran’s Health Administration’s extensive home telehealth service, which aims to have 92,000 patients enrolled on telehealth services by 2012. There has also been some large-scale trial activity in Europe, most notably in the UK in 2010 and 2011, where PCTs have initiated some projects involving more than 2,000 patients. What is apparent is the convergence of many different industries in this space, including telehealth companies, device manufacturers, healthcare agencies, service providers and telecommunication companies to name but a few.” 18 Ed Hill, Intel’s director of marketing for embedded communications, sees healthcare reform in the U.S. as a significant market force that will change the landscape from a device standpoint. Intel has been involved from both a policy and legislative standpoint and is highly interested in how the reform process will address the costs of delivering healthcare in a new distributed care model that not only provides services in traditional hospitals and clinics but also in the home and remote locations. These changes bring new opportunities for device manufacturers, and Intel wants to be there with them. The company has historically had a foothold at the big machine level, which is where the bulk of market share in medical has been. Intel processors have traditionally been used for image reconstruction within imaging devices where its advanced vector extensions (AVX)improves performance due to wider vectors, which provides faster image reconstruction time. While device manufacturers eventually reach a point of minimal return in terms of image reconstruction time, Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 EECatalog INDUSTRY FORECAST Intel processors continue to support higher resolutions required in applications such as 3D diagnostics. of reporting: what the device is doing and what it is reporting. While MIPS and ARM have been primarily found in smaller devices, Intel is looking to make similar moves in healthcare as it has in other markets, working to drive its Atom processor down to smaller handheld and mobile devices. To support this, Intel is continuing to focus on lower power and lower cost devices, with higher battery life for more portability along with high processing performance. This direction meets worldwide needs for medical teleconnection, for instance from a hospital in Beijing, China to a remote community clinic where local doctors can work with a hospital that has expertise to assist on a remote diagnosis using multiple screens, video feed and even real-time image sharing. Hill sees an opportunity for these solutions to be more portable and lower cost to provide remote patient-monitoring systems that include display and camera for remote telehealth discussions, to complement large, dedicated equipment in urban centers. Similar to evolutions in other industries (such as smart grid), the technology is moving faster than the infrastructure can handle. Hill believes that a determining factor in the evolution of these connected medical devices will be how insurance companies react – as in, who pays? – and how quickly providers are willing to pay to update their practices. A few things will help drive change: too few doctors for an increasing numbers of patients, the large number of baby boomers with disposable income and consumer demand. Hill also sees an increase in venture capital funds available in healthcare-related technologies – indicating that a large market is perceived to be there. Security continues to be a hot topic, as well as interoperability between devices, which Hill believes is quickly reaching a point where it will become a standard requirement. Another aspect of healthcare reform that he believes developers need to be concerned about is quality www.eecatalog.com/medical Cheryl Berglund Coupé is editor of EECatalog. com. Her articles have appeared in EE Times, Electronic Business, Microsoft Embedded Review and Windows Developer’s Journal and she has developed presentations for the Embedded Systems Conference and ICSPAT. She has held a variety of production, technical marketing and writing positions within technology companies and agencies in the Northwest. 19 Key Power Issues for Medical Equipment Designers by Chris Jones, product marketing director and Conor Quinn, technical marketing director, Embedded Power, Emerson Network Power Although many electronic design engineers will consider the provision of power for medical applications to be a reasonably well-understood subject, there is one particular area, concerning voltage dips and power interrupts, that demands close scrutiny. The overall provisions of the IEC 60601-1 safety standard are likely to be familiar territory to any design engineer working in the field of medical equipment. The standard defines the general safety requirements for equipment that has ‘not more than one connection to a particular supply mains and is intended to diagnose, treat or monitor the patient under medical supervision and which makes physical or electrical contact with the patient.’ IEC 60601-1 has been adopted by the US as UL 60601-1, as well as most major industrialized countries, including Canada (C22.2 No. 601.1), the UK and Europe (EN 60601-1), Japan (JIS T0601-1), Australia and New Zealand (AS/ NZ 3200.1). standard non-medical unit, in order to comply with the 60601-1 safety standard. Since the design of high-efficiency switch-mode power supplies is a specialist task demanding considerable skill and resources, and the medical equipment has to undergo strict compliance testing, most designers will choose to use a standard commercially available medical power supply for their application if one is available, or request a customized unit from a specialist power supply company. By using power supplies that are already pre-approved to the 60601-1 safety standard, medical equipment manufacturers can accelerate compliance testing of their own products and speed time-to-market. Taking this pre-approved route also minimizes the risk of them encountering any unforeseen development problems in an area outside their own field of expertise, which could negatively impact launch timescales. One of the main problems is that deciding whether or not an item of medical equipment meets the requirements of IEC 61000-4-11 is open to interpretation. Safety standard 60601-1 applies to an extremely broad and diverse range of equipment intended for use in medical, dental and laboratory environments. Typical examples extend from small items of equipment such as infusion pump controls and endoscopic cameras, through to much larger systems such as dialysis machines, CTI and MRI scanners and gamma imaging systems. There are a considerable number of medical power supply manufacturers worldwide, many of which produce technically excellent products. When choosing a particular supplier, it is almost certainly best to look for a company that manufactures a wide range of power supplies, preferably has a proven expertise in both ac-dc and dc-dc conversion technologies, and which has a consistent track record for delivering standard and customized medically approved products to leading medical equipment manufacturers. Build or Buy? Designing in-house or choosing a commercially available ac-dc power supply for a medical product involves a host of considerations. These include the system’s overall power budget and current and voltage requirements, as well as the power supply’s conversion efficiency, physical size, control and monitoring functions, set-up or programmable features and – not least – its cost. In addition to these factors, it is essential to ensure that the power supply has higher isolation and lower safety ground leakage than a 20 Given that nowadays there is a wide availability of power supplies that comply with 60601-1, at first glance it would seem that choosing a suitable unit is merely a case of checking that the product meets all the requirements of the application. However, it is not quite that simple. IEC 60601-1 is a prime example of what is termed a base standard; it covers all the general requirements for electrical medical equipment, but it also has a number of associated standards, known as collateral standards. One of these Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 is IEC 60601-1-2, which defines the rigorous electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements of medical power supplies. It goes without saying that all 60601-1 compliant power supplies meet the EMC requirements of IEC 60601-1-2, otherwise they would not be approved – in fact, these requirements have been a mandatory condition of sale since 2004. However, meeting the voltage dip requirements of IEC 60601-1-2 – which are themselves the subject of a further complementary pair of IEC standards known as 61000-4-11 and 61000-4-34 – is still a matter involving a degree of controversy. IEC 61000-4-11 and IEC 61000-4-34 are matched standards that define how equipment must be capable of tolerating voltage dips, voltage variations and short-term power interrupts on the ac mains supply. The standards specify the same depths and durations of voltage dips, and cover both single-phase and three-phase equipment. IEC 61000-4-11 applies to equipment rated at up to 16 amps per phase connected to 50 Hz or 60 Hz ac supply networks, and IEC 61000-4-34 applies to equipment rated at more than 16 amps per phase. Since in many respects the standards are the same, this article limits its discussion to IEC 61000-4-11. Classification Explanation A Normal performance within limits specified by the manufacturer, requestor or purchaser B Temporary loss of functionality or performance degradation which ceases after the disturbance ceases, and from which the equipment under test recovers its normal performance, without operator intervention C Temporary loss of functionality or performance degradation, the correction of which requires operator intervention D Irrecoverable loss of functionality or performance, owing to hardware or software damage, or loss of data Table 1: Evaluation of IEC 61000-4-11 test results One of the main problems is that deciding whether or not an item of medical equipment meets the requirements of IEC 61000-4-11 is open to interpretation. In broad terms, the standard stipulates that the equipment should not suffer ‘loss of functionality’ for a 30 percent dip in supply voltage lasting 0.5 s, a 60 percent dip lasting 100 ms, and a 100 percent dip lasting 10 ms. The equipment should also not suffer ‘loss of functionality’ in the event of ac power being removed altogether for a period of 5 seconds. However, the term ‘loss of functionality’ is to some degree subjective, and the compliance test procedure recognizes this fact by defining four distinct classification categories, as shown in Table 1. www.eecatalog.com/medical Choice of Classification Categories Provided that the equipment is not intended for critical life-support functions, the choice of which classification category to adopt for compliance testing is left to the equipment designer’s discretion. The designer must also decide what constitutes full functionality – and therefore by definition, what also constitutes ‘loss of functionality.’ This is inevitably something of a gray area. Most standard low- to medium-power open-frame medical power supplies, which represent by far the largest segment of the market, are too small and inexpensive to satisfy classification level A; achieving lengthy hold-up times at full load with no degradation in output voltage regulation demands the addition of significant holdup capacitance or larger input components for lower voltage operation. A number of power supply manufacturers include this detailed EMC characterization data in their product datasheets or application notes, to help designers decide which classification to use for compliance testing their equipment, and it is worth checking for this information to help narrow the field of choice. The Embedded Power division of Emerson Network Power (www. healthcarepowersupplies.com) manufactures a diverse range of ac-dc power supplies for use in medical equipment. This image shows a 60601-1 compliant unit from the company’s iMP series of configurable power supplies, which is capable of delivering up to 1500 watts and can be equipped with a power hold-up module to maintain full load output for up to 54 ms. There are a variety of techniques available to medical equipment designers seeking to satisfy the stringent classification level A. They can oversize the power supply for the application, or fit more capacitance to its output – which has maximum limits based on various design criteria. If commercially justified, custom power supplies can also be considered. Another solution is to use a modular power supply, which provides a flexible and cost-effective means of incrementally increasing output capability and adding extra capacitance, to extend the hold-up time in the event of an ac input dip. Some of the better modular medically approved power supplies on the market offer optional power hold-up modules, which can extend the 21 time that the output voltage will be maintained by a significant amount. Over-specifying a power supply to meet the voltage dip requirements of IEC 60601-1-2 can be an expensive decision. Medical equipment designers would do well to carefully evaluate the system’s overall power budget and required level of functionality, before deciding on a specific power supply. Conor Quinn is director of technical marketing at Emerson Network Power, with responsibility for embedded power products. Quinn is a regular contributor to the specification and roadmap initiatives of industry groups including PSMA (Power Sources Manufacturers Association), PMBus (Power Management Bus) and PICMG (PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturers Group). Quinn holds a BE in electrical engineering from University College Cork in Ireland and a MSEE and a PhD in engineering from the University of Minnesota. Chris Jones is director of product marketing at the Embedded Power business of Emerson Network Power. Jones is responsible for the development of the company’s range of standard embedded power products, from product definition to portfolio management. Jones holds a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering (BSEE) from West Coast University in Los Angeles, California. Medical Electronics ONLINE www.eecatalog.com/medical Explore... ➔ Directory of leading medical electronics Solutions ➔ Top Stories and News ➔ White Papers ➔ Expert Opinions (Blogs) ➔ Exclusive Videos ➔ Valuable Articles ➔ Ask the Experts Sign up for the quarterly Medical Electronics E-Product Alert 22 Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE Designing Portable, Wearable and Implantable Medical Electronics with Ultra-Low-Power Microcontrollers by Rajesh Verma, MSP430 product marketing manager and Srini Sridhara, MCU member group technical staff, Texas Instruments Recent statistics show that healthcare spending in the U.S. and around the world in general continues to grow rapidly.According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S. healthcare spending in 2010 was $2.6 trillion and accounted for 18 percent of the nation’s gross domestic product (GDP).Multiple factors such as increasing costs, aging populations and the growing prevalence of chronic diseases are forcing healthcare providers and medical device manufacturers to rethink how healthcare can be delivered in a reliable but costeffective manner. At the same time, advances in microcontrollers have enabled medical electronics to become smaller, cheaper and more portable.As medical devices become more accessible to consumers, we see patient monitoring and therapeutic solutions move away from hospitals and closer to the patient. The wider use of personal health monitoring systems should lead to better patient outcomes and help reduce healthcare costs. A typical portable medical device that patients can use in the convenience of their homes or on the go – such as a blood glucose meter, blood pressure monitor, heart rate monitor or pulse oximeter – has several system requirements.The product needs to have a small form factor, a long battery life and a low development cost.A small form factor is possible if there are a minimal number of external www.eecatalog.com/medical components outside of the microcontroller.For example, a microcontroller with integrated peripherals such as an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), operational amplifiers, a USB interface and a segmented LCD controller not only helps ensure a smaller, cheaper circuit board, but also reduces the bill of materials (BOM) costs and development time.If only a small battery such as a CR2032 coin cell is used in the system, the active and standby power modes need to have ultra-low power consumption and enable only the required peripherals for any given time.Many portable medical devices today require that the original battery lasts at least two to three years.Battery life plays a major role in determining the form factor of the end product. Figure 1: Texas Instruments’ MSP430TMplatform of 16-bit microcontrollers is designed specifically for ultralow-power applications. With a real-time clock standby mode that uses as little as .3 μA and active power modes that draw 100-200 μA/MHz, MSP430 devices have the industry’s lowest power consumption. 23 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE the physical layer (PHY) but also the phase-locked loop (PLL) and the low dropout regulator (LDO) used to regulate the voltage coming from a connected USB host.These devices are capable of up to 20 MHz performance with a coin cell battery such as the CR2032. Most of the analog signal conditioning chain, such as the ADC, comparator and DAC, are already integrated in the microcontroller. Achieving the longest battery life relies on obtaining the lowest average power consumption.First, the ultra-low power standby mode has to disable all but the most necessary system components.In the case of MSP430’s 5xx and 6xx generation devices, there is a lowpower mode known as LPM3.5 (or shutdown RTC mode) where most of the system clocks and peripherals are disabled but the RTC remains active.If there is a serviceable interrupt, the device typically wakes up in 3 microseconds or less.It services the interrupt and quickly enters the low-power mode again, keeping the active duty cycle to a minimum.For devices that spend most of their time in an ultra-low power standby mode, this can translate into a battery life that is 10 years or longer. Figure 2: Block Diagram of the New MSP430F563x/663x microcontroller seriesthat includes a small form factor such as a 7x7mm BGA package, a high degree of integration with analog and digital peripherals, ultra-low power, and scalable memory options. 24 Even small batteries can occupy 25 percent or more of the volume in a medical device.Therefore, it is critical for a compact medical device to utilize the most powerefficient microcontrollers so that a small battery can be used in the system.In addition, a low development cost is possible if the development tools are easy to understand and affordable. It helps if design questions can be quickly answered, e.g., via an online support forum.Today’s microcontrollers are well-suited to handle the above challenges of portable and wearable medical electronics. Engineers designing medical devices are able to match their memory, performance and integration needs with the many devices available. In the future, new technologies will continue to enable more medical innovations.MSP430 devices today are already used in a variety of energy-harvesting applications where there is no traditional battery.In these cases, energy from the surrounding environment is sufficient to power the MSP430 microcontroller.Another exciting new technology is ferroelectric random access memory, or FR AM.This is a non-volatile memory that is about as fast as SR AM, has an average active power that is much less than that of EEPROM and flash and can serve as a unified memory space with flexible code and data partitioning.Of particular interest for medical applications, FR AM is not affected by radiation.The MSP430FR57xx devices from Texas Instruments integrate FR AM, samples are currently available. New system-on-chip (SoC) devices need very few external components to complete a medical design.For example, an integrated USB module can include not only Because much higher performing and smaller microcontrollers are available today compared to even a few years ago, medical devices have started to become more wear- Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 EECatalog able. Clothing that embeds cardiac sensors and associated electronics for ECG and heart rate monitoring applications have already been developed.Accessories such as chest straps, wrist monitors and ear clips for monitoring blood oxygenation, caloric burn and heart rate are common.For example, the BodyMedia FITTM system (shown in Figure 3) consists of a wearable armband monitor that tracks the user’s waking and sleeping activity on a daily basis.The optional clip-on display monitor provides visual feedback of the user’s activity level.Wearable devices tend to spend more time in active mode compared to other portable devices.MSP430 devices such as SPECIAL FEATURE the MSP430FR57xx series, which integrates FR AM and achieves ultra-low active powerconsumption of 100 μ A/ MHz, will be particularly suitable for wearable medical applications. Apart from portable and wearable medical devices, new technologies and innovations are key to enabling implantable medical devices. Since the development of the first cardiac pacemaker five decades ago, the implantable medical device industry has proliferated. Today, implantable defibrillators, drug delivery systems and neurostimulators are available to treat a variety of chronic diseases. Unlike portable devices, most implant- New system-on-chip (SoC) devices need very few external components to complete a medical design. Figure 3: BodyMedia FITTM system featuring a wearable armband and display www.eecatalog.com/medical 25 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE able devices require continuous operation, making long battery life a must-have.For example, an implantable neurostimulation device can be used to treat epileptic seizures. The device continuously monitors electroencephalograph (EEG) signals, and the microcontroller in such a device detects the onset of seizure events using EEG data. Once the microcontroller detects a seizure event, it triggers a programmable pulse generator to send electrical impulses to the vagus nerve. The stimulation of the vagus nerve prevents or reduces the severity of the on-coming seizure. Since seizure events are unpredictable, the microcontroller is running continuously to detect the onset of an epileptic seizure. Despite the microcontroller operating continuously, the battery in the device must last for several years in order to avoid repeated surgeries to replace it. The ultra-low active and sleep-mode power consumption of MSP430 devices can enable such a class of devices. Microcontrollers play a key role in enabling portable, wearable, and implantable medical electronics, and the ultra-low power consumption of microcontrollers extends the battery life of these personal health devices. The resulting reduction in the size and cost of personal health devices enables portability and widespread use.As these devices proliferate in the market, we see the patient becoming more empowered to monitor and address their own health needs, which will hopefully lead to a healthier society. Srini Sridhara leads ultra-low-power memory design in advanced CMOS technologies for microcontroller products for Texas Instruments’ member group technical staff. He received a bachelor’s degree in technology from Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur in 1999 and a doctorate in electrical engineering from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2006. Rajesh Verma is a product marketing manager for the medical market within TI’s MSP430 microcontroller division. He has a BS in electrical engineering from the University of Illinois at Chicago, a MS in electrical engineering from Purdue University and a MBA from Northwestern University’s Kellogg School of Management. 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Power Consumption Drives Microcontroller Trends Featured Products Featured Products Rugged and Secure Storage Products from Elma Electronic VPX Backplanes from SIE Computing Solutions Power Management with SuperSpeed USB Featured Products Microchip’s PIC32MX5/6/7 Series Delivers More Memory, USB-OTG and Great Connectivity Options Advanced USB—The Software Perspective Annual Industry Guide Technology used in military and aerospace electronic design From Emerson: ATCA-7365 & ATCA7365-CE Processor Blades EECatalog Sponsors www.eecatalog.com/military Technology Used in Implementing USB Connectivity EECatalog www.eecatalog.com/usb Microchip’s mTouch technology offers a wide variety of solutions for keys and sliders as well as turnkey touch screen controllers. Annual Industry Guide Leading Microcontrollers, Hardware, Software and Tools for today’s 8-bit and 16-bit Applications Annual Industry Guide From VersaLogic Corp: Intel® Core™ 2 Duo processor on standard EBX footprint 8-bit and 16-bit MCUs Provide a Full Spectrum of Features and Costs Microchip Sets New Benchmark for Low-Power Microcontrollers; Significantly Expands Enhanced 8-bit PIC® MCU Portfolio Using 8-bit 8051s in a 32-bit World LeCroy Advisor™ T3 Pocket-Sized SuperSpeed USB Analyzer AdvancedTCA, MicroTCA and AdvancedMC solutions for telecom, Wi-Fi and WiMAX From EMAC: PPC-E7+ 40G-100G NetworkCentric Operations Cost Advantages in the Command Center Annual Industry Guide Annual Industry Guide New Mil/Aero Requirements are Changing the Game From Elma Electronic Inc.: AdvancedTCA System Platforms From TeamF1: SecureF1rst Network Attached Storage Solution Solutions for engineers and embedded developers using Embedded Linux and Android EECatalog www.eecatalog.com/embeddedlinux ATCA Continues to Heat Up Diamond Sponsor Scan this QR code to subscribe Scan this QR code to subscribe Engineers’ Guide to Military & Aerospace From Total Phase: Beagle USB 5000 SuperSpeed Protocol Analyzer EECatalog www.eecatalog.com/8bit Tag-Connect’s Plug-of-Nails™ cables provide a simple, reliable means of connecting Debuggers, Programmers and Test Equipment to your PCB’s Gold Sponsors Platinum Sponsor Gold Sponsors Affiliate Sponsor Gold Sponsors Gold Sponsors www.eecatalog.com www.eecatalog.com 26 Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE Security Versus Cost Developers Weigh Options, Including Liability and Brand Protection by Cheryl Coupé Medical equipment developers face obvious and not-soobvious security challenges. The one most consumers are aware of is the Privacy Rule of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), which established standards to protect patient information. This could impact how information must be protected when it is transmitted froma home healthcare or drug-delivery device, for instance. Other security issues relate to safety and liability concerns around device consumables with limited lifetimes. As an example, surgical equipment may only be tested and warranted for use with the original manufacturer’s tool head – and the tool head may have a limited lifetime in duration or number of uses. Both of these situations require built-in security protocols that protect against unauthorized access to information inside the device or that establish secure authentication between devices. ports, they are difficult (read: expensive) for development as well. While large, high-margin, relatively low-volume equipment can absorb these costs, they can add up on high-volume, lower-cost products. For these devices, developers may choose lower-cost options such as writing a secure algorithm and embedding it in a microcontroller or crypto-accelerator – or even doing nothing. While these options are less secure, there may be a credible business case if liability risks are low. Tool heads require secure authentication with surgical equipment to ensure safety.(Source: Atmel Corporation) Remote monitoring and drug delivery devices require security to protect patient data.(Source: Atmel Corporation) Typically, medical equipment developers have had a few options to meet these security needs. Secure microcontrollers include a robust embedded software-based security algorithm as well as physical protections. Those often include disabled debug ports to restrict access, active shields to prevent remote scans and environmental tampers that allow the chip to only operate within controlled environments (one way for hackers to gain illicit access is to run the chip outside of prescribed conditions, such as voltage or temperature, which can lead to improper performance and vulnerabilities). Secure microcontrollers provide a high level of confidence, but those added features make them expensive to purchase and without debug www.eecatalog.com/medical Atmel product marketing manager Eustace Asanghanwa raises an additional risk for manufacturers – that of brand and market protection. With the surgical tool tip example, for instance, the manufacturer may simply choose to embed security into a non-secure microcontroller to authenticate the tip to the device.But if the tip is a high-volume, highmargin product, it may be attractive to black marketers who could access the security information and then manu- Secure microcontrollers provide a high level of confidence, but those added features make them expensive. 27 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE facture and sell thousands – or hundreds of thousands – of these units. “When that happens,” says Asanghanwa, “the original manufacturer not only loses market share from the knock-offs, they are also exposed in terms of liability because the knock-offs are being sold under a brand name that they own.” If personal injury results from the fakes, there could be even greater damage to the brand. and complexity of a secure microcontroller that combines security and computing in one device. According to Asanghanwa, “If you go with a turn-key solution, what you’ve done is you’ve separated computing from the security. If you keep the security by itself it is a smaller device now, and you can buy a cheaper microcontroller to offer the computing to go with the security device.” Asanghanwa explains how easily black marketers can access secure information with a simple Google search that can turn up offers from all over the world to extract the secret information from chips for $1,000 or less. “So someone with $1,000 can get a means to produce counterfeit at volumes of whatever number they can come up with. In other words, take over a whole platform or a whole market. So those are the stakes involved in this market in not being able to store a root secret securely.” Turn-key approach uses a peripheral security device to service the security requirements of a standard microcontroller. Atmel ATAES132 devices are available in 8-pin SOIC , TSSOP and UDFN packages. Atmel now offers an option for developers not willing (or able) to take those risks, but who can’t take on the cost Asanghanwa describes the advantages of the Atmel ATAES132 turn-key device. “All internal workings are not firmware – they’re hard-wired logic. It does one thing and it does it very well. That has two advantages: It’s going to do the same thing all the time, and it doesn’t depend on the customer to implement firmware correctly or keep from introducing bugs that may open vulnerabilities. ”The Atmel devices use the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), a symmetric-key encryption standard adopted by the U.S. government that meets compliance requirements for medical equipment manufacturers. The devices are compatible with standard serial EEPROMs, which allows Tamper-hardened security devices (left) command more than a 200% price premium over non-secure counterparts. The diagram on the right illustrates how a security device such as CryptoAuthentication fits in a system architecture, at a fraction of the price. (Source: Atmel Corporation) 28 Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 EECatalog developers to add security features to existing systems without retooling circuit boards. Another advantage to this turn-key approach is that the authentication process uses a derivation of the root secret embedded in the device but doesn’t expose it, which keeps hackers from getting access. And because the security in each device is tied to a unique serial number defined in the Atmel factory, there is no way to successfully massproduce clones. Asanghanwa adds a few security tips for developers. “What we always advise developers to do is to talk to a security expert to review their systems, because a lot of security systems fail because there’s an exposure and a window somewhere. When developing software, it’s nice to review the system to understand what is key inside and make sure they don’t release that information either directly or inadvertently.” A common security error that developers might make is to save some querying round Medical Electronics ONLINE SPECIAL FEATURE trips on authentication by storing the root secret inside the microcontroller. When they do that, they open up a vulnerability.“I will check that you understand the root secret in the system, make sure it’s embedded in the security device and never use it in other parts of the system,” saysAsanghanwa. “Even though these devices are easy to work with, it’s always good to consult a security expert so the pieces that are keeping the system secure are kept secret within the system.” Cheryl Berglund Coupé is editor of EECatalog. com. Her articles have appeared in EE Times, Electronic Business, Microsoft Embedded Review and Windows Developer’s Journal and she has developed presentations for the Embedded Systems Conference and ICSPAT. She has held a variety of production, technical marketing and writing positions within technology companies and agencies in the Northwest. www.eecatalog.com/medical Explore... ➔ Directory of leading medical electronics Solutions ➔ Top Stories and News ➔ White Papers ➔ Expert Opinions (Blogs) ➔ Exclusive Videos ➔ Valuable Articles ➔ Ask the Experts Sign up for the quarterly Medical Electronics E-Product Alert www.eecatalog.com/medical 29 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE MEMS Motion Sensing Enables Next-Generation Medical Systems by Bob Scannell, business development manager, inertial MEMS products, Analog Devices, Inc. Precision navigation, typically associated with applications developed for land, air and sea vehicles, is increasingly being used in medical applications ranging from surgical instrumentation to robotics. And while the design requirements of a surgical navigation system share broad similarities with traditional vehicle navigation, there are also distinct new challenges posed by the environment and the level of required performance. This article looks at the unique challenges of medical navigation applications and explores possible solutions ranging from various sensor mechanisms to necessary sensor processing to the unique system characteristics and data processing required. Critical sensor specifications will be reviewed and explained for their individual contribution, and more importantly, the potential error and drift mechanisms will be discussed to aid in sensor selection. Opportunities and approaches for sensor enhancement through integration, sensor fusion, and sensor processing (such as Kalman filtering) will be highlighted as well. motion is critical. Table 1 outlines some of the basic pertinent medical applications by motion type. Later, more advanced applications where combinations of motion in complex scenarios that present additional challenges will be discussed. Acceleration/ Position Tilt Angular Rate/ Angle Variation Shock CPR Assist Patient Down Monitors Scanning Instruments Tremor Control High Value Equipment Warranty Activity Monitors Bed-Patient Positioning/ Aspiration Surgical Tools Equipment Wear BioFeedback Monitors Blood Pressure Monitors Prosthetics CPR Assist Imaging Equipment Table 1: Inertial sensors accurately capture varied and complex motion to drive widespread medical applicability. Most Motion is Complex in Nature While simple motion detection – linear movement along one axis, for example –is valuable to a number of applications (such as detecting whether an elderly person has fallen), a majority of applications involve multiple types and axes of motion. Being able to capture this complex, multi-dimensional motion can not only enable new benefits, but is also key to maintaining accuracy in the most critical environments. Figure 1: MEMS silicon structures sense acceleration and rotation and convert this to an electrical signal with the help of signal processing. Translating the Detection of Linear and Rotational Motion into Healthcare Value Silicon-based accelerometers and gyroscopes known as micro-electromechanical systems or MEMS (Figure 1) are commonly found today in a wide range of devices. These inertial sensors detect and measure motion, with minimal power and size, and are valuable to nearly any application where movement is involved, and even those where lack of 30 In many cases, it is necessary to combine multiple sensor types (linear and rotational, for instance) in order to precisely determine the motion an object has experienced. As an example, an accelerometer can be used to determine inclination angle since it is sensitive to the Earth’s gravity. As a MEMS accelerometer is rotated through a +/- 1g field, (+/- 90o), it is able to translate that motion into an angle representation. However, the accelerometer cannot distinguish static acceleration (gravity) from dynamic acceleration. In the latter case, an accelerometer can be combined with a gyroscope, and post-processing of both devices can discern the linear acceleration versus tilt, based upon known motion dynamic models. This process of sensor fusion obviously becomes more complex as the Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 EECatalog system dynamics (number of axes of motion and degrees of freedom of motion) increases. It is also important to understand the environmental influences on sensor accuracy. Temperature is an obvious key concern, and can typically be corrected for; in fact higher precision sensors are pre-calibrated and will dynamically compensate themselves. A less obvious factor to consider is the potential for even slight vibrations to produce shifts in accuracy of rotational rate sensors. These effects, known as linear acceleration effect and vibration rectification, can be significant depending on the quality of the gyroscope. Sensor fusion is relied on to improve performance by using an accelerometer to detect linear acceleration and applying this knowledge, along with a calibrated understanding of a gyroscope’s linear acceleration sensitivity, for correction. For many applications, particularly those requiring performance beyond basic ‘pointing’ (up, down, left, right) or simple movement (in motion, or not), multiple degreesof-freedom motion detection is required. For example, a six degree-of-freedom inertial sensor is defined as having the ability to detect linear acceleration on each of three (x,y,z) axis, and rotational movement on the same three axis, also referred to as roll, pitch and yaw; as depicted in Figure 2. Navigation from Vehicles to Surgical Instruments The use of inertial sensors as a navigation aid has become prevalent in industry. Typically, they are used in conjunc- SPECIAL FEATURE tion with other navigation devices such as GPS. When GPS access is unreliable, inertial guidance fills the gap in coverage with what is called “dead-reckoning.” Other sensors, including optical and magnetic, may be added depending on the environment and the performance goals. Each sensor type has its own limitations. MEMS inertial sensors provide the potential to fully compensate for these other sensor inaccuracies since they are free from many of the same interferences and do not require external infrastructure: no satellite, magnetic field, or camera is needed – just inertia). The major navigational sensor approaches are outlined in Table 2, along with their strengths and potential limitations. As with the potential for GPS blockage in vehicle navigation, the medical corollary is optical guidance and the potential for line-of-sight blockages. Inertially based sensors perform dead-reckoning during the optical blockage, as well as enhance system reliability by providing redundant sensing. Sensor Type Major Advantage Potential Limitations Applicable to Medical Navigation? GPS Long Term Absolute Reference Potential Blockages No Magnetic No Required Infrastructure (except Earth) Subject to Field Interference Limited Optical Intuitive Line of Sight Obstruction Limited Inertial SelfContained Relative, not absolute reference Yes Table 2: Outlined are various navigational sensors widely used in industry and their applicability to medical navigation. Medical Navigation Figure 2: Linear x, y and z motion, plus rotational roll, pitch and yaw make up the six degrees of motion measurement required for full motion assessment. www.eecatalog.com/medical One medical application outlined in Table 2 involves use of inertial sensors in the operating room for more accurate alignment of artificial knee or hip joints with a patient’s unique anatomical structure. The goal here is to improve joint alignment to less than 1º error from the patient’s natural alignment axis versus what is 3º or larger error today with purely mechanical alignment approaches. Greater than 95 percent of total knee arthoplasty (TK A) procedures today are done with mechanical alignment. Computer-assisted approaches using optical alignment have only slowly begun to replace some mechanical procedures, likely due to the equipment overhead required. Whether mechanical or optical alignment is used, approximately 30 percent of these procedures result in misalignment (defined as >3º error), which leads to both discomfort and often additional surgery. Reducing misalignment has the potential of offering less invasive and shorter surgery time, increasing post- 31 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE DIOx SELF-TEST TRIAXIAL ACCEL TRIAXIAL GYRO TEMP RST I/O VCC ALARMS POWER MANAGEMENT CONTROLLER GND CONTROL REGISTERS CS SPI PORT DIGITAL FILTER CALIBRATION CORRECTION OUTPUT REGISTERS SCLK DIN DOUT ADIS16334 Figure 3: MEMS-based inertial measurement units provide precision six-degrees-of-motion measurement in compact form factors suitable to surgical instrumentation. operative patient comfort and producing longer lasting joint replacements. Inertial sensors in the form of a full multi-axis inertial measurement unit (IMU), as shown in Figure 3, have been shown to provide substantial improvement in accuracy for TK A. Sensor Selection and System-Level Processing As with the potential for GPS blockage in vehicle navigation, the medical corollary is optical guidance and the potential for lineof-sight blockages. There is a large variation in the performance levels of inertial sensors. Devices suitable for gaming are not able to address the highperformance navigation problem outlined here. The key MEMS specifications of interest are bias drift, vibration influence, sensitivity and noise. Precision industrial and medical navigation typically require performance levels that are an order of magnitude higher than is available from the MEMS sensors targeted for use in consumer devices. Table 3 outlines general system considerations, which – through analysis – can help focus the sensor selection. Most systems will implement some form of Kalman filter to effectively merge multiple sensor types. The Kalman filter takes into account the system dynamics model, the relative sensor accuracies and other application-specific control inputs to then make the best determination of 32 actual movement. Higher accuracy inertial sensors (low noise, low drift and stability over temperature/time/ vibration/supply-variance) reduce the complexity of the Kalman filter, the number of redundant sensors required and the number of limitations placed on allowable system operational scenarios. MEMS Adoption in Medical Applications Motion capture within the most complex medical applications poses both highly challenging and computationally intensive design problems. Fortunately, many of the principles required for solving these next-generation medical challenges are based on proven approaches from classical industrial navigation problems, including sensor fusion and processing techniques. Within medical navigation, the complexity of motion and the requirements on precision and reliability will drive the need for: t t t t .VMUJQMFTFOTPST "EEJUJPOBMTFOTPSQPTUQSPDFTTJOH 4PQIJTUJDBUFEBMHPSJUINT $PNQMFYUFTUDPNQFOTBUJPOTDIFNFT Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE System Variable Conditions/Considerations Environment indoor/outdoor, temperature, shock/ vibration, interference sources Performance Rating / Goals accuracy, repeatability, speed, stability Operator assisted or autonomous, trained or untrained Safety Life Critical, Inaccessible, Redundancy Budget Cost/Time to Implement, Risk Table 3: Considerations in sensor selection. The availability of highly accurate and environmentally robust sensor developments is driving a new surge in the adoption of MEMS inertial sensors within the medical field. These inertial MEMS devices are capable of offering advantages in precision, size, power, redundancy and accessibility over existing measurement/sensing approaches. Medical Electronics ONLINE Bob Scannell is a business development manager for ADI’s inertial MEMS products. He has been with ADI for more than 15 years in various technical marketing and business development functions ranging from sensors to DSP to wireless, and previously worked at Rockwell International in both design and marketing. He holds a BS degree in electrical engineering from UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles), and an MS in computer engineering from USC (University of Southern California). www.eecatalog.com/medical Explore... ➔ Directory of leading medical electronics Solutions ➔ Top Stories and News ➔ White Papers ➔ Expert Opinions (Blogs) ➔ Exclusive Videos ➔ Valuable Articles ➔ Ask the Experts Sign up for the quarterly Medical Electronics E-Product Alert www.eecatalog.com/medical 33 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE USB Connectivity in an Embedded World by Pedro Pachuca, MCU interface marketing manager, Silicon Labs Embedded developers have rapidly adopted the universal serial bus (USB) as the interface of choice for enabling connectivity to other applications due to its ease-of-use, plug-and-play functionality and robustness. Although USB connectivity has become a key requirement for most embedded applications, in most cases it is just one of many design requirements for a typical industrial, medical and consumer electronics application. In most embedded applications, there is the additional requirement of achieving specific product cost targets, which adds yet another layer of complexity to already challenging designs. A highly-integrated USB solution not only enables the easiest path to achieving USB connectivity but can also provide the performance and analog capabilities required to enable developers to achieve their design goals in a cost-effective way. For example, a blood pressure monitor that requires USB connectivity to enable the end user to download information to a PC must also perform its primary blood pressure measurement functions. This requires a complex set of interactions between pressure sensors and analog-todigital converters for rapid data acquisition, intensive data manipulations to calculate blood pressure, and user interface design to properly display the results in a humanreadable format. The medical equipment market has even adopted an optimized USB device standard, the personal healthcare device (PHCD) class, which leverages the ubiquitous USB interface to enable standardized transmission of data and messages regardless of device manufacturer. Microcontrollers (MCUs) used in medical device applications ideally need to provide a variety of interface methods including integrated USB controllers for easy host and device connectivity. A New Generation of USB MCUs The rapid adoption of USB in industrial, medical and consumer electronics applications is challenging embedded developers to incorporate USB connectivity into their products while maintaining or, in some cases, reducing overall costs. Early versions of USB-based MCUs were developed to enable the addition of USB, but they lacked the capability to support other functions or peripherals. In the early days of USB, these devices played a key role in boosting the overall popularity of the USB interface. Even today, these bridge devices can be effective solutions that quickly enable the addition of full-speed USB via a companion chip, thus avoiding the need to redesign entire systems. However, for cost-sensitive applications, this approach may not be ideal. To overcome this cost penalty, the new generation of USBbased MCUs incorporates a greater number of functions Fig 1. USB personal healthcare device class supports easy, cost-effective connectivity. 34 Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE and peripherals. However, although the number of USBbased MCUs with different combinations of peripherals has grown significantly, a gap still exists for highly integrated solutions that incorporate not only the right mix of peripherals but also ensure that these functions are sufficiently robust to support critical application requirements. Although application requirements are highly dependent on the characteristics and functionality of the final product, there are three main areas of interest common to most applications. system. At the simplest level, the CPU should be capable of taking data from the UART interface (UART FIFO) and placing it into the USB FIFO, and vice versa. However, what if this same application needs to perform other simple functions, such as reversing the endian ordering, or complex functions, such as applying software filters? What began as a simple task suddenly becomes a much more complex operation that requires special attention to properly manage and places an increasingly large burden on the CPU. The first area that will be explored is CPU performance and the impact of USB when it is included as an integrated peripheral. The second area to consider is the analog functions or peripherals that play an important role when interfacing with real-world signals. Finally, since almost every application is cost-sensitive, a USB implementation that reduces cost by eliminating external components is highly desirable. A typical protocol bridge is expected to pass data from one peripheral to another, practically in real-time, so the CPU needs to have the performance necessary to read, write and manipulate data with an acceptable latency. CPU cores that can execute 70 percent of their instructions in one or two system clock cycles(see Figure 2) are sufficient to not only meet the needs of protocol bridge applications but also to address most other full-speed USB applications. As an additional benefit, a high-speed CPU executes more work in less time, which can, in turn, reduce overall power consumption by enabling a system to stay in low-power mode longer. …A gap still exists for highly integrated solutions that incorporate not only the right mix of peripherals but also ensure that these functions are sufficiently robust to support critical application requirements. Most often, the CPU is responsible for executing user code, and its ability to execute instructions and process data in a timely manner is paramount. A typical cost-effective USB controller incorporates a first-in/ first-out (FIFO) function block to manage the incoming and outgoing USB packets while the CPU is used to read and write data to/from these buffers, in addition to performing other tasks. Interplay Between CPU and USB Function Let’s examine a USB-to-serial bridge application to understand how CPU performance can be impacted. In this bridge application example, assume that the requirement is to bridge a serial-based UART device with a USB-based Fig 2. Silicon Labs USB MCUs with high-speed 8051 CPU core can execute 70 percent of their instructions in one or two clock cycles, enablingsystems to remain in low-power mode longer. www.eecatalog.com/medical Incorporating Analog Functions in USB Solutions Analog functions or peripherals, such as analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and comparators, are commonly used across many applications. For example, ADCs and comparators are used in everything from basic battery-management implementations to highly sophisticated data-acquisition systems in high-speed sensor interfaces. To support such a wide range of applications, ADCs and comparators must be robust and possess enough features to address these varying requirements while still being sufficiently inexpensive to be integrated into a USB MCU. An ADC with a 500ksps conversion time with a track-and-hold capability enables the insertion of clock cycles after each ADC conversion. Specifically, each conversion is preceded by a tracking period of three ADC clock cycles after the start-conversion signal (see Figure 3). This mode is very useful when multiple ADC channels are in operation because it enables the proper settling time necessary for an accurate conversion. Additionally, a programmable window detection feature can be used to compare the ADC output registers with user-programmed limits. This feature is especially desirable in battery manage- 35 EECatalog SPECIAL FEATURE ment applications in which the user sets a limit on how low the battery can go before an alarm is triggered. In addition, because no CPU intervention is required to implement this feature, there is a very short latency period, which further enhances the safety of these types of battery applications. for USB clock tolerance. In addition to the cost reduction achieved by removing external components, the elimination of the external crystal also brings another major benefit: electromagnetic interference (EMI) is dramatically reduced by eliminating the clock-related noise emissions. Additionally, these solutions have integrated termination resistors that are fully software-controllable. The elimination of the external crystal and its associated components and the integration of termination resistors are major steps forward in helping designers reduce the cost and complexity of adding USB to a design. Fig 3. ADC tracking mode is useful when multiple ADC channels are in operation. Comparators provide another very useful analog function widely used in many applications. Typical implementations can be found in devices such as blood glucose meters, in which a comparator is used to detect the insertion of a test strip, or insulin pumps, which require a fast shutdown mechanism in case the motor pump stalls. As shown in these two examples, the response time and power consumption of the comparator are critical. While traditional USB-based devices have a loose specification for these comparators, some USB MCUs provide comparators with programmable response times as low as 100ns. Power consumption is also user-selectable and can be as low as 1μA. When viewed in this context, it is possible to achieve analog performance numbers in MCU-based devices comparable to those found in typical standalone analog ICs. USB-based MCUs with integrated high-performance analog features can provide a cost-effective, single-chip solution by replacing external analog chips. Fig 4. Example of a USB MCU with on-chip USB controller and precision internal oscillator. Benefits of Integrated USB MCU Solutions The integration of USB connectivity into a single-chip MCU solution (as shown in Figure 4) may require a different way of thinking about how best to cost-optimize the system design. For example, adding USB to a design may have a substantial impact on the way the clock tree system is designed. To ensure reliable USB connectivity, it is critical that USB clock accuracy be maintained. Typical USB-based MCUs require designers to add an external crystal and associated components to meet USB clock accuracy requirements. This approach not only increases the cost of the solution but also increases the PCB design complexity and overall size. In addition, external termination resistors are often required to identify the USB speed, further increasing the cost of the USB implementation. A clock recovery capability integrated in many USB fullspeed devices eliminates the need for a costly external crystal by enabling the internal oscillator to adjust itself based on the incoming USB data stream. This capability allows the internal oscillator to meet the requirements 36 Summary USB connectivity is a key requirement for many embedded applications. Highly integrated USB MCU solutions not only offer the easiest path to achieving USB connectivity but also provide high-performance CPU cores coupled with integrated analog capabilities that help reduce component counts and BOM costs. USB MCU solutions enable embedded system developers to dramatically simplify their designs while reducing costs. Pedro Pachuca manages Silicon Labs’ global microcontroller (MCU) interface product business. Mr. Pachuca joined Silicon Labs in early 2010. Previously, he was a product marketing manager at Freescale Semiconductor where he developed MCU business strategies to penetrate new global markets and managed a business with an annual run rate in excess of $250 million. Mr. Pachuca holds a BSSE degree from the Instituto Politecnico Nacional at Mexico City. Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 Micross Components SOP Micross Components, formerly listed as Chip Supply, Inc., is a leading global provider of distributed and specialty electronic components and services, with over 10 years’ experience in supplying semiconductor die and packaging solutions to medical device manufacturers. If you’re looking for increased performance in a smaller space with high reliability, we can supply the best electronic component for your device. Further, by partnering with your engineering and manufacturing teams from the outset, we can insure that your design, validation and production requirements are all successfully met. Bare Die and Wafer Processing Authorized by over 20 major semiconductor manufacturers, Micross Components offers a broad range of technologies and thousands of part types. With our complete wafer processing capabilities, we can provide the performance of OTS products in the smallest form factor available – bare die – allowing increased miniaturization of your device. Packaging Solutions When OTS products cannot be used and handling bare die is either impractical or too costly, Micross Components can provide the right solution through our multiple packaging options. Chips Chips Semiconductor Die and Specialized Packaging Solutions CHIP ON BOARD FLIP CHIP Size Comparison Lifecycle Planning & Obsolescence Management Continued component availability is a source of concern for many manufacturers, most especially medical device manufacturers. Through strong relationships with our electronics suppliers, Micross Components can support you with strategic planning and up-to-date information on potential changes in product lines and product availability. FEATURES & BENEFITS Chip Scale Packaging (CSP) – a best fit for those seeking the smallest form factor with ease of handling. Because our CSP’s are designed in-house, features such as package thickness, leaded or lead-free balls, and signal routing can be customized to your device. ◆ Recognized industry leader with the broadest range ◆ Multi-Chip Modules – a solution that provides the advantage of increased functionality and performance with overall space savings. By integrating multiple die into a single package, Micross Components can broaden design options and improve management of product life-cycles. ◆ ◆ ◆ Wafer Level CSP (WLCSP) – an option gaining popularity in the medical manufacturing industry for its size, weight, and also cost savings once a device goes into production. WLCSP is not a “packaging solution,” per se, but rather a modification of the bare die itself by redistribution of the bond pads; hence, the size savings. Other options include, but are not limited to - hermetic/ ceramic packaging, custom packaging, high-reliability COTS/iPEM’s/Micro SSD’s, and robotic solder exchange from lead-free to SnPb finshed terminal leads for tin whisker mitigation. XXXFFDBUBMPHDPNNFEJDBM of specialty electronics solutions, offering the smallest form factors available for next generation builds or new product designs. Significant space and weight savings via bare die or other packaging options smaller than those offered by semiconductor manufacturers. Design consulting and custom packaging production. ISO certified supplier of custom, high-reliability components for medical, military, space and critical industrial applications. On shore production facilities, as well as the technical expertise needed, to insure conformance to your manufacturing and process control requirements. CONTACT INFORMATION Micross Components. 7725 N. Orange Blossom Trail Orlando, FL 32810 USA 407.298.7100 Telephone 407.290.0164 Fax sales.americas@micross.com www.micross.com $IJQTt Emulators/Analyzers Radicom Research, Inc. Medical Modems Compatible Operating Systems: Windows XP, 2000, Vista, Win7, Window CE, Embedded XP, Linux, MAC Supported Interfaces: USB, Serial TTL, RS232 These very small and versatile modems are available in both Serial TTL and the popular USB interfaces. The Radicom Research Medical Modem™ family is Safety, Emissions, and Telco compliant to meet most medical device requirements. As well as compliance with IEC60601-1 for medical applications, 3KV breakdown is also available in both the USB and Serial versions. The certifications are transferable to allow easy integration into almost any platform. All Medical Modem versions are CCITT and Bell compliant for complete compatibility to existing and future installations. The family is also compliant to domestic and international Telco standards. Versions include 300bps (V.21/Bell103), 1200/2400bps (Bell212/V.22/V.22bis), 14.4kbps (V.32bis), 33.6kbps (V.34) and 56kbps (V.90/V.92). All platforms are available with FAX, voice playback and record, as well as DTMF tone generation and detection. These versatile products can be provisioned for applications ranging from system monitoring and reporting to answering inbound calls with voice responses. Available in commercial and industrial temperature ranges, all versions are RoHS Compliant. TECHNICAL SPECS ◆ 3KV Isolation on selected models. -40C° to +85C° operating temperature ◆ AT Commands, Data flow control, and speed buffer- ing Automatic format / speed sensing ◆ V.44 data compression V.42bis and MNP-5 data compression V.29 Fast-POS support ◆ Low power consumption, typical 82/94mA (on-hook/ off-hook) ◆ Works under operating systems (O/S) of Windows 2000, XP, Vista, Win7, Windows CE & Embedded XP, Linux and MAC. AVAILABILITY Shipping now APPLICATION AREAS FEATURES & BENEFITS ◆ Available USB, Serial TTL and RS232 interfaces, Medical Devices, Remote Monitoring, Industrial Controls, Data Acquisition. Internal Modules or External Stand-alone. ◆ USB models are compatible with both USB 1.1 and USB 2.0 host controllers. Linux (CDC-ACM), Windows and Mac O/S support ◆ AT command set Up to V.92 56K bps data speeds, send / Receive 14.4 kbps Fax speed, voice play-back and recording ◆ Concurrent DTMF, ring and caller ID detection. Line-in use, extension pick-up and remote hang-up detection. Caller ID type I and II for select countries ◆ FCC, IC, CE, IEC60601-1 (medical), IEC60950-1 certified, c/UL approved (V92HU-E2-MD), RoHS compliant. CONTACT INFORMATION Radicom Research, Inc. 2148 Bering Drive San Jose, Ca 95131 USA 408-383-9006 x 112 Telephone 408-383-9007 Fax sales@radi.com www.radi.com t#PBSET Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 Modules Modules Medical Certifications: IEC60601-1 or EN60601-1 Advantech Corporation AIMB-580 Compatible Operating Systems: Windows XP, Windows 7, Linux AIMB-580 features Intel’s latest 2 chip solutions for power management savings to increase energy efficiency, PCIe Gen 2 for GFX add-on card support, high-bandwidth DDR3 memory support, Intel vPro technology with AMT6.0 for remote management, all in a low-power design that does not sacrifice performance. TECHNICAL SPECS ◆ Supports SATA RAID 0, 1, 5, 10, AMT 6.0, TPM 1.2 (optional) ◆ Supports embedded software APIs and utilities CONTACT INFORMATION Advantech Corporation 38 Tesla Suite 100 Irvine, CA 92618 USA (800) 866-6008 Toll Free (949) 789-7178 Telephone (949) 789-7179 Fax ECGInfo@advantech.com www.advantech.com/medical ◆ Supports Intel® Core™ i7/i5/i3/Pentium/Xeon proces- sor with Q57/3450 chipset ◆ Four DIMM socket supports up to 16 GB DDR3 800/1066/1333 MHz SDRAM ◆ Supports dual display of VGA and DVI and dual GbE LAN Motherboards Motherboards Rich connectivity with up to ten USB 2.0 and four COM ports (3 x RS-232, 1 x RS-232/422/485 with auto flow control support) is integrated in a standard 244 x 244 mm mATX form factor. AIMB-580 motherboard also supports dual display for DVI + CRT. AXIOMTEK Intel® Tunnel Creek CPU & Intel® TopCliff IOH Combine to Deliver Excellent Computing Performance with Low Power Consumption -PICO822 Supported Architectures: x86 The PICO822 is a highly integrated, small form factor x86 embedded computer targeted at system developers and OEMs who need excellent computing performance for very little power consumption and up to 32GB of integrated SSD (optional), it’s hard to beat the cost per performance offered by the PICO822. This board is ideally suited for portable medical devices, in-vehicle and in-flight computing or entertainment systems. The board ships with a specially designed low profile heatsink that doesn’t restrict access to the full featured I/O (see features section). A proprietary expansion interface on the bottom of the board interface allows for additional expansion (USB, UART, Tx/Rx, SMBus, DC input, SDVO). FEATURES ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ Intel® Atom™ EG20T PCH Onboard DDR2-667/800 max. up to 1GB Onboard SSD max. up to 32GB 2 x COM port, 1 x SATA, 4 x USB 2.0 + 1 client port AVAILABILITY Portable medical devices, in-vehicle & in-flight computing, or entertainment systems. CONTACT INFORMATION AXIOMTEK 18138 Rowland St. City of Industry, CA 91744 USA 1.888.GO.AXIOM Toll Free 626.581.3232 Telephone sales@axiomtek.com www.axiomtek.com ◆ Intel® Atom™ Processor E600 Series XXXFFDBUBMPHDPNNFEJDBM #PBSETt COMMELL Taiwan Commate Computer Inc.(COMMELL), the worldwide leader of Industrial Mini-ITX mainboard, introduced the Mini-ITX motherboard LV-67H that designed for the 2nd generation Intel Core i7/i5/i3 processors in the rPGA988B socket. The Mini-ITX mainboard based on intel QM67 Express chipset, providing a single-chip architecture and delivering with Intel vPro & Intel AntiTheft Technology, along with a intel 2nd generation 32 nm Core i7/i5/i3, the Intel processors with HD Graphic 3000 that contains a refresh of the sixth generation graphics core enabling substantial gains in performance and lower power consumption, this innovative two-chip solution provides Intel Intel Hyper-Threading technology which giving you smart multitasking performance to move between applications quickly. This platform delivers higher performance, energy efficiency, most secure and manageable, It is ideal for a various range of applications, such as industrial control and automation, gaming, Medical Instruments, Surveillance Server, Military systems, print imaging and digital signage etc. LV-67H equipped with dual-channel DDR3 memory up to a maximum of 16GB in dual SO-DIMM slots. Dual channel 24-bit LVDS, VGA, DVI . LV-67H provides a wide range of storage, I/O, expansion connectivity, and full range power source input, including PS/2 ports, 5 x RS232C and 1 x RS232/422/485 ports, Networking is provided by Intel 2 x 82574L Giga LAN, 10 x USB2.0 ports, High Definition Audio port, 4 SATA2.0 and 2 SATA3.0, Expansion takes the form of one PCIE x16 slot, two Mini-PCIE slots, and 9V~24V full range DC input. CONTACT INFORMATION Taiwan Commate Computer Inc. 886-2-26963909 Phone 886-2-26963911 Fax info@commell.com.tw sales@tcommate.com.tw www.commell.com.tw Embedded Intel® Solutions delivers in-depth product, technology and design information to engineers and embedded developers who design with Intel® Embedded processors Designing with Intel® Embedded Processors? Em Int bed el d So ed Spe cia lut l Re sou ion rce Cat s alo s d de ution ology: d hn be ol h Tec Emtel S e Hottest Touc h n T I Fall ® e mm Su 011 r2 CONTACT INFORMATION ™ re m u t u At o g e F l® s lin T h Inte s sor tea n ve of oc e sS let d e r ? – Qse b Pr a n ple e T Thu u r A s’ Co PC r fect 04 e /1 A P d PC an ors this an Sc codecribe QR subs to 201 0 ® Pow er in Pow Chip er-L s Se imit e Em ed E Han nvir bed dsh onm ded ake ents Dive s& Ens rsit A cqu y at th uring is ition e H Pow ighe er S s st L ubs eve tati l on R elia bilit ww y w.e mb e dd edin tel. c om g Is sue Feat ured Pro duct s Em ers on 411-B Netw Microork Po ATAT wer: X Mo MATX the M-CO rbo ard RE- Gol d Sp on sors Cong ate c: co nga-Q A6 Vik ing Mo dular Solut ion s’ SA TADIM M ns d Gol Visit www.embeddedintel.com t#PBSET Spo Subsscribe Todayy at Subscribe www.embeddedintel.com Free! Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 Motherboards Motherboards COMMELL launches LV-67H---2nd generation Core i7/i5/i3 Mini-ITX VersaLogic Corp. Intel® Core™ 2 Duo processor on standard EBX footprint VersaLogic’s Mamba SBC provides extreme performance and high reliability for the most demanding embedded applications. It combines a 2.26 GHz Intel® Core™2 Duo processor, high-end graphics and video, and extensive onboard I/O on an industry standard EBX platform. ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ Industrial temp. (-40º to +85ºC) version High-performance video and audio Standard EBX format (5.75” x 8”) On-board data acquisition support MIL-STD-202G shock/vibe CONTACT INFORMATION TECHNICAL SPECS ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ VersaLogic Corp. 4211 West 11th Ave. Eugene, OR 97402 USA 541-485-8575 Phone 1-800-824-3163 Toll Free 541-485-5712 Fax Sales@VersaLogic.com www.VersaLogic.com/mamba 2.26 GHz Intel® Core™ 2 Duo processor Up to 8 GB DDR3 RAM Dual gigabit Ethernet Mid power – 18.5W typical PC/104-Plus expansion Motherboards Motherboards Standard features include dual gigabit Ethernet, up to 8 GB DDR3 RAM, six USB 2.0 ports, four serial ports, two SATA ports, HD audio, and eUSB flash storage. Data acquisition features include up to sixteen analog inputs, up to eight analog outputs, and thirty-two digital I/O lines. Expansion is available via PC/104-Plus, PCIe Mini Card, and SPX. Analog and LVDS interfaces support flexible display configurations. VersaLogic Corp. Low power Intel® Atom™ processor Z5xx on a PC/104-Plus form factor VersaLogic’s Tiger is a compact single board computer on a rugged 3.6” x 4.5” PC/104-Plus form factor. Featuring the low power Intel® Atom™ processor Z5xx (Menlow XL), Tiger packs powerful 1.6 GHz performance backed by legendary VersaLogic quality. Available in both commercial (0º to +60ºC) and industrial (-40º to +85ºC) temperature versions! Add VersaLogic’s long-term (5+ year) product availability guarantee and customization options and feel the power of the Tiger! With more than 30 years experience delivering extraordinary support and on-time delivery, VersaLogic has perfected the art of service, one customer at a time. Experience it for yourself. Call 800-824-3163 for more information! TECHNICAL SPECS ◆ Intel® Atom™ processor Z5xx up to 1.6 GHz ◆ Low power, 6W (typical) XXXFFDBUBMPHDPNNFEJDBM ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ High-performance video and HD audio Gigabit Ethernet Up to 2 GB DDR2 RAM PCI & ISA expansion Fanless operation Industrial temp. (-40º to +85ºC) version CONTACT INFORMATION VersaLogic Corp. 4211 West 11th Ave. Eugene, OR 97402 USA 541-485-8575 Phone 1-800-824-3163 Toll Free 541-485-5712 Fax Sales@VersaLogic.com www.VersaLogic.com/tiger #PBSETt Logic Supply SR101 15” Intel Atom N270 IP65 Panel PC Compatible Operating Systems: Windows XP, Windows 7, Windows Embedded Standard 2009 Supported Architectures: x86, 32-bit The SR101 features a proprietary mainboard with an efficient Intel® Atom™ N270 processor and 945GSE chipset housed in a durable VESA-mountable panel. The panel is brushed silver with a smooth and polished bezel surrounding a 15-inch touch-screen LCD and it’s easily mounted on a stand or installed into a wall. The SR101’s professional and functional style is sleek enough for a lobby waiting room and discreet enough for a laboratory setting. Systems Systems Logic Supply announces the SR101 series of rugged, IP65-rated Panel PCs, featuring an Intel® Atom™ processor and milled stainless steel enclosure. Designed to withstand the damaging effects of splashing or spraying liquids as well as general wear and tear from multiple users, the SR101 is primed for 24/7 functionality in a fastpaced medical environment. TECHNICAL SPECS ◆ Has a 1.6 GHz Intel® Atom™ N270 Processor with 945GSE chipset for a total TDP of less than 12 W Employing IP65-rated I/O connector cables and LCD touch-screen, this device is protected from all angles, so it can be mounted in a variety of ways. The 5-wire resistive touchscreen can be operated by users wearing gloves, and is much easier to clean than a keyboard or mouse. In addition, reducing the reliance on connected peripheral devices frees up valuable laboratory bench or cart space. ◆ Features a 15” LCD display with resistive type 5-wire The SR101 comes complete with 1 GB RAM, 160 GB HDD, I/O cable kit, and 12-volt DC power source. It offers 3 USB 2.0 ports, Gb LAN, 2 RS-232 COM ports, and a power cable making this all-in-one system perfect for easy integration with other devices and components. APPLICATION AREAS touch-screen; contrast ratio of 800:1 and brightness of 350 nits ◆ Includes 160 GB SATA HDD, 1 GB RAM, and offers an onboard PCIe Mini Card slot for expansion ◆ Screen resolution is 1024 x 768 ◆ Dimensions are: 400 x 55 x 310 mm (15.75” x 2.17” x 12.2”); Weight is: 7.05 kg/15.5 lb. Medical Imaging, Diagnostics, Digital Signage, Data and Image Acquisition AVAILABILITY FEATURES & BENEFITS Mid-September ◆ Can be configured with a solid state storage device; this extends the life of the system by eliminating the wear and tear of mechanical components ◆ Utilizes off-the-shelf hardware so driver support and integration with other systems and components are straightforward and simple ◆ Options are available for assembly and testing services by Logic Supply’s expert technicians, ensuring the system arrives fully operational, ready for deployment ◆ Available with a Windows Embedded Standard operating system; custom image is available for project customers t#PBSET CONTACT INFORMATION Logic Supply 35 Thompson Street South Burlington, VT 05403 802 861 2300 Telephone sales@logicsupply.com www.logicsupply.com Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 AXIOMTEK Medical Grade Touch LCD Monitor –MMT175 Axiomtek offers a 17-inch 300 nits slim medical grade LCD monitor with various signal interfaces including DVI, VGA, S-Video, Audio-in and 3 USB ports. The MMT175 features a spill and dust resistant front panel: IP65, and an IPX1 enclosure, with a lock-type medical adaptor plug design – ideal for different medical environments. This medical grade monitor incorporates an optional 1.3 mega pixel camera, microphone and speakers if this is what you need in a monitor. Our MMT175 has a reliable user-friendly interface making ideal for point-of-care, HMI and other remote monitoring health terminals. TECHNICAL SPECS APPLICATION AREAS Medical, POC (point of care) HMI for medical equipment, remote monitoring, health terminals (Telemedicine) and more! CONTACT INFORMATION ◆ 17” TFT 380 nits SXGA LCD ◆ Water/dust-proof design (front bezel: IP65, full AXIOMTEK 18138 Rowland St. City of Industry, CA 91744 USA 1.888.GO.AXIOM Toll Free 626.581.3232 Telephone sales@axiomtek.com www.axiomtek.com enclosure: IPX1) ◆ Built-in internal microphone/2W stereo speakers ◆ VGA, S-video, video, DVI, Audio-in, 3 USB ports (1 slave, 2 host) ◆ Bluetooth/1.3 mega pixels camera/ combo/RFID (Optional) Scan this QR code to subscribe Application Scan this QR code to subscribe Engineers’ Guide to AdvancedTCA® & MicroTCA® Engineers’ Guide to Embedded Linux & Android Featured Products Yocto Project – Big in Embedded Linux Is Device Security a Major Challenge for Open Source Software? Android Dives into Embedded Despite Fragmentation Risks Featured Products Enea Linux PlatformBuilder LTE and 3G Wireless Infrastructure Drive ATCA Growth Adax PacketRunner (APR) The Case for ATCA in Military and Aerospace Applications EECatalog www.eecatalog.com/atca Death, Taxes – and USB! Power Consumption Drives Microcontroller Trends Featured Products Rugged and Secure Storage Products from Elma Electronic VPX Backplanes from SIE Computing Solutions Power Management with SuperSpeed USB Featured Products Microchip’s PIC32MX5/6/7 Series Delivers More Memory, USB-OTG and Great Connectivity Options Advanced USB—The Software Perspective From Emerson: ATCA-7365 & ATCA7365-CE Processor Blades Affiliate Sponsor EECatalog www.eecatalog.com/military From VersaLogic Corp: Intel® Core™ 2 Duo processor on standard EBX footprint EECatalog www.eecatalog.com/usb Microchip Sets New Benchmark for Low-Power Microcontrollers; Significantly Expands Enhanced 8-bit PIC® MCU Portfolio Microchip’s mTouch technology offers a wide variety of solutions for keys and sliders as well as turnkey touch screen controllers. Annual Industry Guide Leading Microcontrollers, Hardware, Software and Tools for today’s 8-bit and 16-bit Applications Annual Industry Guide Technology Used in Implementing USB Connectivity CONTACT INFORMATION 8-bit and 16-bit MCUs Provide a Full Spectrum of Features and Costs Using 8-bit 8051s in a 32-bit World Annual Industry Guide Sponsors Gold Sponsors Engineers’ Guide to 8/16-bit Technologies Featured Products Technology used in military and aerospace electronic design Gold Sponsors Platinum Sponsor Engineers’ Guide to USB Technologies LeCroy Advisor™ T3 Pocket-Sized SuperSpeed USB Analyzer AdvancedTCA, MicroTCA and AdvancedMC solutions for telecom, Wi-Fi and WiMAX From EMAC: PPC-E7+ 40G-100G NetworkCentric Operations Cost Advantages in the Command Center Annual Industry Guide Solutions for engineers and embedded developers using Embedded Linux and Android New Mil/Aero Requirements are Changing the Game From Elma Electronic Inc.: AdvancedTCA System Platforms From TeamF1: SecureF1rst Network Attached Storage Solution Annual Industry Guide EECatalog www.eecatalog.com/embeddedlinux ATCA Continues to Heat Up Diamond Sponsor Scan this QR code to subscribe Scan this QR code to subscribe Engineers’ Guide to Military & Aerospace Application A network dedicated edicated to the needs edicate n off s, de designers rs and a engineers, developers, gers engineering managers From Total Phase: Beagle USB 5000 SuperSpeed Protocol Analyzer Gold Sponsors EECatalog www.eecatalog.com/8bit Tag-Connect’s Plug-of-Nails™ cables provide a simple, reliable means of connecting Debuggers, Programmers and Test Equipment to your PCB’s Gold Sponsors www.eecatalog.com www.eecatalog.com XXXFFDBUBMPHDPNNFEJDBM %FWFMPQNFOUt Icon Labs Floodgate Firewall Compatible Operating Systems: Any embedded OS or kernel including INTEGRITY, VelOSity and VxWorks. Supported Architectures: Any Internet enabled network hardware. Floodgate Packet Filter is an embedded firewall that allows networked devices to control the packets they process. Floodgate protects against potentially malicious attacks by filtering packets before they are processed by an embedded device. Floodgate uses a two stage filtering engine that provides both threshold and rules-based filtering. Thresholdbased filtering protects against denial of service (DoS) attacks, broadcast storms, and other conditions that result in a flood of unwanted packets. Rules-based filtering allows packets to be blocked based on static criteria such as port number, protocol, or source IP address. Internet Threats for Embedded Devices In enterprise environments, firewalls, intrusion prevention systems and other security devices protect against Internet threats. In the embedded environment, devices are built using smaller processors and without the defenses found in more sophisticated environments. As a result, embedded devices are vulnerable to DoS attacks, packet floods and other Internet attacks. TECHNICAL SPECS ◆ Static filtering blocks packets based on configu- ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ rable filtering rules. Supports filtering by source IP address, MAC address/type, port, protocol or user defined criteria. Built in Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) filtering for TCP/UDP and ICMP packets. Threshold-based filtering blocks packets in real time based on threshold crossings. Supports both white list and black list filtering. Layer-based callbacks allow filtering to be inserted at any layer in the network stack for maximum flexibility. FEATURES & BENEFITS APPLICATION AREAS ◆ Allows OEMs to easily add firewall security to exist- ing products or new designs. ◆ Portable source code for use with any embedded OS. ◆ Fully configurable rules engine allows full control over filtering behavior. Medical Devices for home & hospital use, Server and Storage Networking, Telecom/Networking, Military/ Aerospace, Industrial Controls, Consumer Devices, Mobile/Handheld ◆ Small footprint and optimized design for embedded systems. ◆ Unique two-step filtering engine first blocks packets using filtering rules and stateful packet inspection and then using thresholds to protect from Internet threats, network traffic floods and DoS attacks. t%FWFMPQNFOU CONTACT INFORMATION Icon Labs 3636 Westown Pkwy, Suite 203 West Des Moines, IA 50266 888-235-3443x22 Toll Free 515-226-3443x22 Telephone 877-379-0504 Fax info@iconlabs.com www.iconlabs.com Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 Application Application Library for Embedded Devices Floodgate is a source code library that provides packet filtering capabilities for embedded devices. Floodgate uses callback routines that are inserted into the device’s packet processing code. Layer-based callbacks allow filtering to be easily inserted at any layer in the network stack for maximum flexibility. Icon Labs Iconfidant SSH & SSL Compatible Operating Systems: VxWorks, Linux, Solaris Supported Architectures: Any hardware running VxWorks, Linux or Solaris. Iconfidant SSH & SSL are source code products providing embedded security for VxWorks, Solaris and Linux based systems. Iconfidant allows network equipment vendors to easily add secure, encrypted communication to their devices. Iconfidant SSH implements SSHv1 and SSHv2 protocols and includes: t ssh – rlogin/rsh-like client program. t sshd – ssh login daemon. t sftp – secure file transfer program for SSH1 and SSH2 t sftp-server – secure FTP server subsystem. TECHNICAL SPECS ◆ Encryption/hash algorithm support: AES, 3DES, Iconfidant SSL implements SSLv2/v3 and TLS protocols and includes: t ssl – ssl client program. t ssld – ssl login daemon. t tls – tls client program Twofish, Blowfish, Arcfour, CAST128, DSA, RSA, Diffie-Hellman, MD5, SH1. ◆ Logical API allows easy integration of Iconfidant libraries with existing CLI & Web interface. ◆ Support for WindRiver Web & CLI interfaces provided (formerly RapidControl CLI & Web). ◆ Supports multiple communication channels. FEATURES & BENEFITS products or new designs. ◆ Full source code provided, royalty free. ◆ Drop in support for VxWorks, Solaris and Linux. ◆ Small footprint and optimized design for embedded Medical Devices, Server and Storage Networking, Telecom/Networking, Military/Aerospace, Industrial Controls, Consumer Devices, Mobile/Handheld systems. Application Application APPLICATION AREAS ◆ Allows OEMs to easily add security to existing ◆ Strong authentication and encryption protect against common Internet attacks. CONTACT INFORMATION Icon Labs 3636 Westown Pkwy, Suite 203 West Des Moines, IA 50266 888-235-3443x22 Toll Free 515-226-3443x22 Telephone 877-379-0504 Fax info@iconlabs.com www.iconlabs.com XXXFFDBUBMPHDPNNFEJDBM %FWFMPQNFOUt Advantech Corporation 10.4” Customizable Medical Grade ODM Tablet Compatible Operating Systems: Windows 7 Customizable 10.4” fanless medical grade ODM tablet. This medical grade tablet is lightweight, portable and quiet to use, and it streamlines workflow while increasing productivity. Powered by an Intel® Atom™ Z650/Z670 Processor, this medical tablet makes for the ideal solution suited for the healthcare environment. TECHNICAL SPECS ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ Intel® Atom™ Z650/Z670 Processor Battery Life: 5-7 Hours (using both batteries) Dual Cameras: 5.0 MP and 2.0 MP Dual Protection: IP54 and 3-foot Drop Dual Touch Modes: Digitizer and Resistive CONTACT INFORMATION Advantech Corporation 38 Tesla Suite 100 Irvine, CA 92618 USA (800) 866-6008 Toll Free (949) 789-7178 Telephone (949) 789-7179 Fax ECGInfo@advantech.com www.advantech.com/medical APPLICATION AREAS Mobile clincal assistant solution suitable for EMR, HER, and Nursing Information Systems Advantech Corporation Systems Systems HIT-W121 Compatible Operating Systems: WES, WES7, Windows 7, Linux: Fedora 13, Ubuntu, Android HIT-W121, an iService/Healthcare Infotainment Terminal, has an 11.6” single-surface touchscreen, is powered by an Intel® Atom™ D510 Processor, supports Windows, Android and Linux operating systems, and is built with a compact, VESA mountable form factor. The medical-grade device works well not only in healthcare applications, but with its slim design, it is an exceptional choice for applications in iServices such as retail shelf displays, banking, and RFID-based Smart Card applications. ◆ ITE & medical dual certificates provide complete application coverage TECHNICAL SPECS CONTACT INFORMATION ◆ Revolutionary & specialized design focused on healthcare applications and terminal leasing market ◆ 43 mm thick slim design achieves balance between fanless & Atom dual-core performance ◆ Provides natural viewing experience with 16:9, 11.6” display ◆ Rich options - Handset/ RFID/ Smart card reader/ Barcode Scanner/ MSR t%FWFMPQNFOU Advantech Corporation 38 Tesla Suite 100 Irvine, CA 92618 USA (800) 866-6008 Toll Free (949) 789-7178 Telephone (949) 789-7179 Fax ECGInfo@advantech.com www.advantech.com/medical Engineers’ Guide to Medical Electronics 2012 Advantech Corporation PIT-1502W Compatible Operating Systems: Windows 7, Windows XP, Linux: Fedora, Ubuntu, Android PIT-1502W which equipped a 15.6” multi-function touchscreen, WiFi, RFID, handset, smart card reader and 2 megapixel camera is a member of PIT family of Advantech. PIT-1502W can provide patients with various entertainment programs such as TV, movies or computer games because of Microsoft Wiindows XPE Embedded and Intel Atom Dual Core processor. Patients can easily communicate with families by internet because 1.3 megapixel camera, WiFi and Ethernet (RJ-45) connectivity are standard functions of PIT1501W. Identification recognition for both hospital staff and patients is possible with the RFID and smart card reader. TECHNICAL SPECS APPLICATION AREAS Patient Infotainment, Bedside Terminal, EMR, Hospital Information Systems CONTACT INFORMATION Advantech Corporation 38 Tesla Suite 100 Irvine, CA 92618 USA (800) 866-6008 Toll Free (949) 789-7178 Telephone (949) 789-7179 Fax ECGInfo@advantech.com www.advantech.com/medical ◆ Slim Design achieves the balance between Fanless & Atom Dual-Core Performance Isolated I/O as COM & Lan Easy cleaning Touch Panel complies with IP65 protection Programmable Touch Hotkeys Rich Options - Handset/ RFID/ Smart card reader/ Barcode Scanner/ MSR Embedded Intel® Solutions delivers in-depth product, technology and design information to engineers and embedded developers who design with Intel® Embedded processors Designing with Intel® Embedded Processors? Em Int bed el d So ed Spe cia lut l Re sou ion rce Cat s alo ed ns dd lutio hnology: e b o h Tec Emtel S e Hottest Touc Th In Fall ® er mm Su 11 20 CONTACTtuINFORMATION r e om™ t u A g e F l® s lin T h Inte s sor tea n ve sS of oc e let e r ? – Qse Pr ab nd ple e T hu ou A r s’ T C PC r fect 04 1 e / A P d PC an ors ns d Gol Visit www.embeddedintel.com XXXFFDBUBMPHDPNNFEJDBM Systems Systems ◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ this an Sc codecribe QR subs to 201 0 ® Pow er in Pow Chip er-L s Se imit e Em ed E Han nvir bed dsh onm ded ake ents Dive s En &A rsit cqu y at thsuring isitio e H Pow ns ighe er S st L ubs eve tati l on R elia bilit ww y w.e mb e dd edin tel. c om g Is sue Feat ured Pro duct s Em ers on 411-B Netw Microork Po ATAT wer: X Mo MATX the M-CO rbo ard RE- Gol d Sp on sors Cong ate c: co nga-Q A6 Vik ing Mo dular Solut ion s’ SA TADIM M Spo Subscribe Subs scribe Todayy at www.embeddedintel.com Free! %FWFMPQNFOUt Where the next big thing meets the light of day. Somewhere a back room conversation has caused a burst of inspiration. And it will be unveiled here. Come see a bright idea light the way to tomorrow. Tuesday, January 10 – Friday, January 13, 2012 Las Vegas, Nevada | CESweb.org REGISTER NOW