th
KA CE P 7 A nnual M eeting
June 18, 2006
aT Center, Seoul, Korea
KyungMo Han, Ph.D ., A TC, CSCS
S an Jose S tate U niversity
INTRODUCTION
TERMINOLOGY
UNDERSTANDING OF AXES AND PLANES
UNDERSTANDING OF CONCAVE-CONVEX
RULES
JOINTS OF THE ANKLE AND FOOT
OSTEOKINEMATICS AND ARTHROKINEMATICS
OF THE ANKLE AND FOOT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
TERMINOLOGY : Oste okinematics
Description of movements with reference
to the bone s
Description of movements that occur
around the joint axis
Flexion/Extension
Abduction/Adduction
Internal rotation/External rotation
TERMINOLOGY: Arthr okinematics
Description of movements with reference to the
joint
Unobservable articular movements betwe en
adjacent joint surfaces
Roll
Glide (or slide)
Spin
Sagittal plane Æ X axis
Transverse (horizontal) plane Æ Y Axis
Frontal (coronal) plane Æ Z axis
S a g itta l p la n e
T ra n sve rse p la n e
Fro n ta l p la n e
X
Z
Y
UNDERSTANDING OF
CONCAVE - CONVEX RULES
A. If the convex surface is moving on a fixed
concave surface, roll and glide occurs in the
opposite directions
B. If the concave surface is moving on a fixed
convex surface, roll and glide occurs in the
same direction
P
A
P
P
JOINTS OF THE ANKLE AND FOOT
D istal and P roximal Tibiofibular Joints
Talocrural Joint
Subtalar Joint
Midtarsal Joint
Tarsometatarsal Joints
Metatarsophalangeal Joints
Interphalangeal Joints
Distal and Proximal Tibiofibular Joints
Distal Tibiofibular Joint
A minimal amount of movement
Proximal Tibiofibular Joint
amount of
movement of
the fibula on the
A very minimal
Plantar flexion/Dorsiflexion
Plantar flexion
Posterior roll and anterior glide of the talus on the
tibia
Anterior roll and glide of the tibia on the talus
Dorsiflexion
Anterior roll and posterior glide of the talus on the
tibia
P osterior roll and glide of the tibia on the talus
Subtalar Joint
Supination/Pronation
OKC
Supination
Talus: Plantar Flexes,
Adducts
Calcaneus: Inverts
Pronation
alus:
Dorsiflex
T
Supination/Pronation
CKC
Supination
Talus: Dorsiflexes, Abducts
Calcaneus: Inverts
Pronation
Talu
Inversion
Medial roll and lateral glide of the calcaneus of the
talus (posterior facet)
Medial roll and glide of the calcaneus of the talus (anterior and medial facets)
Eversion
Lateral roll and medial glide of the calcanues on
the talus (posterior facet)
Lateral roll and glide of the calcaneus on the talus (anterior and medial facets)
P
M
A
Midtarsal Joint
Supination/Pronation
The link between the hindfoot and the midfoot
Talonavicular joint
Calcaneocuboid joint
Longitudinal Midtarsal Axis
Primarily provides Z axis
movement
15 degrees from the
transverse plane (Y axis)
9 degrees from the sagittal
plane (X axis)
Supination
INVERSION/Add /pf
Pronation
EVERSION/Abd /df
Oblique Midtarsal Axis
57 degrees from the sagittal
plane (X axis)
52 degrees from the
transverse plane (Y axis)
T herefore, primarily pr ovide
X & Y axes movement
Supination
PF/ADd/in
Pronation
DF/ABd/ev
Tarsometatarsal Joints
lexion/Extension
Abduction/Adduction
Rotation
F
Flexion
tarsals on the
Inferior roll and glide of the meta
cuneiforms or cuboid
Extension
Superior roll and glide of the metatarsals on the
cuneiforms or cuboid
Pictures
TMT Joints
Flexion/Extension
Abduction/Adduction
Flexion
ximal phalanx on the
Inferior
roll and glide of the pro
metatarsal
Extension
Superior roll and glide of the proximal phalanx on the
m
eta
tarsal
Abduction
Lateral roll and glide of the proximal phalanx on
the metatarsal (when the 3rd toe is moved)
Adduction
MTP Joints
Interphalangeal Joints
Flexion/Extension
PIP Flexion
Inferior roll and glide of the intermediate
phalanx on the proximal phalanx
DIP Extension
Superior roll and glide of the distal phalanx on
the intermediate phalanx
IP Joint
PIP Joints
DIP Joints
Q U E S T IO N S ?
?
감사합니다!