IE 661 Scheduling Theory Chapter 2 Rakesh Nagi Department of Industrial Engineering University at Buffalo (SUNY) University at Buffalo (SUNY) Department of Industrial Engineering Chapter 2: Deterministic Models Preliminaries z z z z z Processing time pij Release date rj Due date dj Weight wj Notation ¾α | β | γ ¾ α Machine environment ¾ β Processing characteristics and constraints ¾ γ Objective University at Buffalo (SUNY) Department of Industrial Engineering Chapter 2: Deterministic Models Preliminaries z α Machine environment ¾ Single machine (1) ¾ Identical machines in parallel (Pm) ¾ Machines in parallel with different speeds (Qm) ¾ Unrelated machines in parallel (Rm) ¾ Flow shop (Fm) (m machines in series) ¾ Flexible flow shop (FFc) (c stages with poss. Identical machines) ¾ Job shop (Jm) (recrc for recirculation in β field) ¾ Flexible job shop (FJc) ¾ Open shop (Om) (scheduler can determine route) University at Buffalo (SUNY) Department of Industrial Engineering Chapter 2: Deterministic Models Preliminaries z β Processing characteristics and constraints ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ Release dates (rj) Sequence dependent setup times (sjk) Machine specific sequence dependent setup times (sijk) Premeptions (prmp) Precedence constraints (prec) Breakdowns (brkdwn) Machine eligibility restrictions (Mj) Permutation (prmu) Blocking (block) No-wait (nwt) Recirculation (recrc) University at Buffalo (SUNY) Department of Industrial Engineering Chapter 2: Deterministic Models Preliminaries z γ Objective ¾ Makespan (Cmax) ¾ Max lateness (Lmax); Lj = Cj - dj ∑w C ¾ Total weighted completion time ( j ) j ¾ Discounted total weighted completion time ( ∑w T ) ¾ Weighted number of tardy jobs ( ∑ w U ¾ Total weighted tardiness ( j z j − rC j )) j j z ∑ w (1 − e j ) Examples Fm | pij = pj | ∑ w j C j University at Buffalo (SUNY) Department of Industrial Engineering Chapter 2: Deterministic Models Preliminaries z Classes of Schedules ¾ Nondelay Schedule: A feasible schedule is called non-delay if no machine is kept idle while an operation is waiting for processing (i.e., it prohibits unforced idleness). ¾ A scheduling anomaly: Consider a P2 | prec | Cmax with the following processing times j 1 pj 8 2 7 University at Buffalo (SUNY) 3 7 4 2 5 3 6 2 7 2 8 8 9 8 1 0 1 5 Department of Industrial Engineering Chapter 2: Deterministic Models Preliminaries University at Buffalo (SUNY) Department of Industrial Engineering Chapter 2: Deterministic Models Preliminaries z Classes of Schedules ¾ Active Schedule: A feasible schedule is called active if it is not possible to construct another schedule by changing the order of processing on the machines and having at least one operation finishing earlier and no operation finishing later. ¾ Semi-active Schedule: A feasible schedule is called semiactive if no operation can be completed earlier without changing the order of processing on any one of the machines. Optimal schedule X Nondelay Active Semi-Active All schedules University at Buffalo (SUNY) Department of Industrial Engineering Chap 2 z Complexity Hierarchy ¾ 1 || Σ Cj α (reduces to) 1 || Σ wj Cj ¾ 1 || Σ wj Cj α Pm || Σ wj Cj α Qm |prec| Σ wj Cj University at Buffalo (SUNY) Department of Industrial Engineering Chapter 2: Deterministic Models Preliminaries z Complexity hierarchy for Makespan (Fig. 2.8) and Maximum Lateness problems (Fig. 2.9) University at Buffalo (SUNY) Department of Industrial Engineering