Bull Market in Fear - Grant's Interest Rate Observer

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BULL MARKET IN FEAR

G R A N T ’ S F A L L C O N F E R E N C E / N E W Y O R K C I T Y - O C T O B E R 2 3 , 2 0 1 2

Christopher Cole, CFA

Artemis Capital Management LLC

Artemis Vega Fund LP

520 Broadway, Suite 350

Santa Monica, CA 90401

(310) 496-4526 phone

(310) 496-4527 fax info@artemiscm.com

For Investment Professional Use. Not for Distribution

We live in uncertain times… a bull market in fear

Volatility is the market price of uncertainty

“You cannot stop the waves, but you can learn to surf”

Jon Kabat-Zinn

Definition of fear from Merriam-Webster

1

What is Volatility?

Volatility at World’s End Deflation

Imagine the world economy as an armada of ships passing through a narrow and dangerous strait between the waterfall of deflation and hellfire of inflation

Our resolution to avoid one fate may damn us to the other

Illustration by Brendan Wuiff based on concept by Christopher Cole

2

60

40

120

Volatility in World’s End Deflation

Volatility shocks are rightfully associated with deflationary crashes

Volatility at World's End Deflation

Dow Jones Industrial Index (RHS) vs. 1-month Realized Volatility of DJIA (LHS)

50,000

100

80

5,000

500

20

0 50

3

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

Volatility in Hellfire of Inflation

Extreme volatility can also occur in hyperinflation

Performance of German Stock Market during Weimar Republic Hyperinflaton

Adj. according to USD exchange rate

Adj. according to wholesale index numbers

In paper marks, Weimar

Weimar VIX?

(1)

Realized Volatility of German Stock Market during Weimar Republic Hyperinflation

(monthly volatility data annualized)

0

0

10

1

0

0

0

0

100,000,000

10,000,000

1,000,000

100,000

10,000

1,000

100

Source: “Economics of Inflation; A Study of Currency Depreciation in Post-War Germany" by Constantino Bresciani-Turroni Out of Print / 1968

(1) Based upon monthly realized variance from available stock price data.

4

volatility) are associated with lower equity returns

Many people who trade volatility do not realize they

Everything you need to know about trading volatility

“There are known knowns; there are things we know that we know. There are known unknowns; that is to say there are things that, we now know we don't know. But there are also unknown unknowns – there are things we do not know, we don't know.”

Donald Rumsfeld, United States Secretary of Defense

Unknown Unknowns Known Unknowns

 US Fiscal Cliff

 China hard landing

 War with Iran

Volatility

 European Crisis

 Global Recession

 Fiscal Austerity

 Vanilla Options

 VIX Index

 Realized Volatility

 Variance Swap

Risks that you know and can quantity

Risks that you know but can’t quantify

?

Volatility of Volatility

 Forward Volatility

 Convexity

 Tail Risk Hedging

 Vol Curve Trades

Risks that you don’t know but could quantify

Risks that you don’t know and can’t quantify

5

Regimes of Volatility-of-Volatility (2007 to 2012)

Volatility Regime Vol of VIX

Period Average

VIX index

SPX Return

(annual)

(2007 to Sep 2012)

24.8

+1%

+5%

(2006 to July 2007)

Credit Crisis Onset

(Aug 2007 to Aug

82.7

23.0

-11%

(Sep 2008 to Feb

49.6

-71%

26.7

+35%

23.2

LTRO Steepening

(Nov 2011 to Sep

97.7

20.3

2012)

+10%

+16%

Everything you need to know about trading volatility

Two very different styles of crash depending…

Known Unknowns

Debt-Cycle Crash

(2008 Crash, Great Depression)

 Crash occurs over time (months)

 Slow recovery

 Natural end of leveraging cycle

 High volatility for long period

 Elevated volatility-of-volatility

 Start of a recession or depression

Predictable

(in retrospect)

Unknown Unknowns

Existential Flash Crash

?

 Hyper-speed crash (days, seconds)

 Fast recovery

 Market fragmentation

 Extreme volatility for shorter period

 Extreme volatility-of-volatility

 Omen of future recession (often)

Unpredictable

(even In retrospect)

6

Regimes of Volatility-of-Volatility (2007 to 2012)

Volatility Regime Vol of VIX

Period Average

VIX index

SPX Return

(annual)

(2007 to Sep 2012)

24.8

+1%

+5%

(2006 to July 2007)

Credit Crisis Onset

(Aug 2007 to Aug

82.7

23.0

-11%

(Sep 2008 to Feb

49.6

-71%

26.7

+35%

23.2

LTRO Steepening

(Nov 2011 to Sep

97.7

20.3

2012)

+10%

+16%

Bull Market in Fear

What is the “Bull Market in Fear”?

New paradigm for pricing risk that emerged after the 2008 financial crisis as related to our collective fear of the next deflationary crash

Bull Market in Fear is Defined by

1. Abnormally Steep Volatility Term-Structure

2. Distortions in Volatility from Monetary Policy

3. Expensive Portfolio Insurance

4. Violent Volatility Spikes and Hyper-Correlation

7

Bull Market in Fear

Structural imbalances in supply-demand dynamics of volatility markets

I. Emotional

 Post-traumatic Deflation Disorder

 Desire for safety and security at any cost

II. Monetary

 Forced participation in risk assets drives desire for hedging

 Unspoken feeling that gains in financial assets are “artificial”

III. Macro-Risks

 Debtor-developed economies face structural headwinds

 Unrest in Middle East

IV. Regulatory

 Government regulation (Dodd-Frank, Volcker rule) has constrained risk appetite for banks to supply volatility

 Lower demand for structured products by investors

Greater

Demand for

Volatility

Less Supply of Volatility

8

1.90x

1.70x

1.50x

1.30x

1.10x

0.90x

0.70x

0.50x

Abnormally Steep Volatility Term Structure

"There is no terror in the bang, only in the anticipation of it." Alfred Hitchcock

Volatility term-structure measures the anticipation of future volatility

Bull Market in Fear / VIX Futures Curve (normalized by spot VIX)

2004 to Present

Expiry

9

Abnormally Steep Volatility Term Structure

The most extreme term-structure for S&P 500 index volatility in two decades reflects continued anticipation of a deflationary collapse

2.4x

2.2x

Ratio of Expected Future Volatility as Ratio to Spot Volatility

S&P 500 options

2.0x

VIX Index

1.8x

1.6x

1.4x

1.2x

0.08 0.17 0.25 0.33 0.42 0.50 0.58 0.67 0.75 0.83 0.92 1.00 1.08 1.17 1.25 1.33 1.42 1.50

Expiry (1=year)

Cumulative Average (1990-Mar 2012)

Bull Market of 1990s (avg.)

2009 to 2012 Bull Market in Fear

2012 YTD (avg.)

2000 to Feb 2009 (avg.)

10

35

30

25

Volatility is cheap and expensive at the same time

Low VIX index does not mean cheap volatility

Low Volatility? Really?

VIX Futures Curve Comparison

August 2012 vs. September 2008

!

20

15

August 17, 2012 / Lowest VIX in 5 years

September 15, 2008 / Day after Lehman Bros. Bankruptcy

10

Spot Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8

11

90%

80%

70%

60%

Volatility Regimes Defined by Central Banking

Volatility spikes consistently occur after the end of central bank balance sheet expansion

130%

Fed Balance Sheet Expansion and VIX index

50

120%

110%

No Fed Action

QEI

QEII

Op. Twist+LTRO(ECB)

QEIII

VIX

Aug 2011 Crash

QEII

LTRO (ECB),

Op Twist (Fed) & QEIII (Fed)

45

40

Flash Crash

100% 35

30

25

20

15

Since 2008 global central banks have expanded their balance sheets by $9 trillion - enough fiat money to buy every person on earth a 55'' wide-screen 3D television

12

Risk and Vol Returns in Fed BS Regimes

Crisis and Recovery (September 2008 to September 2012)

Period

Fed Balance Sheet ↑

Average Weekly Change

SPX VIX 21d SV Fed BS

0.6% -1.7% 0.0% 1.5%

8.1% Fed Balance Sheet > +1 σ ↑ 3.2% -7.4% 0.0%

Fed Balance Sheet ↓ 0.0% 1.3% -2.0%

Fed Balance Sheet < -1 σ ↓ 1.2% 2.7% -1.9%

-0.9%

-4.7%

Post-Crisis Recovery Period (Mar 2009 to Sep 2012)

Period Average Weekly Change

SPX VIX 21d SV Fed BS

QEI con't (March09-Jun 09) 1.4% -2.6% -2.5% 0.6%

0.2% -0.2% -0.8% 0.2% Post QEI (Jun09-Oct10)

QEII (Sep10-June11)

(1)

Post-QEII (July11-Nov11)

0.5%

-0.2%

-1.0%

2.2%

0.0%

2.3%

0.5%

-0.1%

LTRO (Dec11 to Sep 0.3% -1.5% -2.7%

(1) period f ollowing announcement of QEII at Jackson Hole August 2010.

Sources: Federal Reserve Bank, ECB, Bloomberg

0.0%

Post-Traumatic-Deflation-Disorder (PTDD)

Tail Events are now priced as if they are standard risks

Highly unlikely events are either ignored or vastly over weighted based on our collective experiences

25% Implied Odds of % Returns for S&P 500 index

SPX Options (1year)

Lifetime odds of Dying from these causes is 1 in 4.7

(1)

Black Swan?

Heart Disease

1 in 6

20%

Actual from Sep 2008 to Sep 2012

Implied from Jan 1990 to Sep 2008

Implied from Sep 2008 to Sep 2012

September 2012 (average)

15%

Stroke

1 in 28

10%

Car Crash

1 in 88

5%

0%

Implied 12m %G/L in S&P 500 Index

A “black swan” is not dying because your parachute didn’t open while skydiving…. it is dying because the guy whose parachute didn’t open landed on you while you were golfing

Note: Artemis calculates the implied probability distribution using interpolated weights from variance swap pricing. This methodology may occasionally give higher weightings to tails in down markets than other methods like taking the second derivative of call prices, fitting mixture of normal PDFs to recover prices, or fitting vol models (SVI,SABR).

(1) "Lifetime Odds of Death for Selected Causes, United States, 2007" / National Safety Council 2011 Edition

13

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

High Cost of Tail Risk Insurance

Fear of deflation is not MISPLACED but it is MISPRICED

You are not smart for hedging what everyone else already knows!

S&P 500 Index 12-month % Contribution to Model-Free Variance by Expected Returns

40%-50%

30%-40%

20%-30%

10%-20%

0%-10%

1995 1995 1996

1996 1997 1998

Implied 12m %G/L in S&P 500 index

Note: Artemis calculates the implied probability distribution using interpolated weights from variance swap pricing. This methodology may occasionally give higher weightings to tails in down markets than other methods like taking the second derivative of call prices, fitting mixture of normal PDFs to recover prices, or fitting vol models (SVI,SABR).

14

1.00

0.80

0.60

0.40

0.20

-

(0.20)

(0.40)

(0.60)

(0.80)

Hedge Fund Strategies 12m Correlation to

ATM Short Straddle on SPX

(HFRX Absolute Return, Equity Nuetral, Hedge Index, Merger Arb, RV Arb,

Convertible Arb / Monthly)

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

125

105

85

65

45

205

185

165

145

Extreme Volatility-of-Volatility and Hyper-Correlations

Fire Risk is High Today in the Forest

Higher correlations are kindling for violent volatility fires (spike)

HIGHER CORRELATIONS lead to...

S&P 500 Sector Correlation (60 day)

2000 to 2012

More VIOLENT VOLATILITY SPIKES

Volatility of VIX index (60 day)

2000 to 2012

15

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

HIGHER CORRELATIONS lead to...

S&P 500 Sector Correlation (60 day)

2000 to 2012

0.6

0.4

0.2

0

-0.2

-0.4

Extreme Volatility-of-Volatility and Hyper-Correlations

Volatility is a Shadow Currency in the Bull Market for Fear

$USD currency index strength = Higher Volatility

Correlation of $USD Index to VIX Index

(1986 to 2012)

Note: Prior to 1990 there was not VIX index. We have substituted the CBOE VXO index, the precursor to the VIX, which was available starting in 1986.

16

Volatility of an Impossible Object

How to beat a “Bull Market in Fear”

Hedge unknown unknowns and sell known unknowns

When the market identifies a risk it is usually overpriced in volatility markets

The more we fear the left tail the more you should buy the right

Tail risk pricing (both left and right) has been consistently late to the game

Fear is a better reason to buy than fundamentals

Volatility (fear) is an effective leading indicator to inform asset allocation

When Risk-Free is Risky… buy Volatility on Safety Itself!

when a “bull market in fear” meets a “bubble in safety” bet on interest rate volatility

17

Bet on unknown unknowns… don’t hedge known unknowns

Volatility markets are surprisingly bad at predicting future risk

When markets identify a ‘known unknown’ that risk traditionally is overblown or at the very minimum over-hedged

240

220

200

Fiscal Cliff or Volatility of Volatility Cliff?

Predicted Volatility of VIX vs. Realized Vol of VIX

October 2012

Volatility of VIX was 200% on Oct 13, 2008

Maximum was 265% on Aug 29, 2011

180

160

140

120

100

80

60

40

11-Oct-12

Cheap

Fear

6-Nov-12 3-Dec-12

US Fiscal Cliff

Very

Expensive Fear

Market Expected Volatility of VIX (local)

5yr Average Realized Vol-of-VIX

1yr Average Realized Vol-of-VIX

6mo Average Realized Vol-of-VIX

28-Dec-12 25-Jan-13 21-Feb-13 19-Mar-13 15-Apr-13 9-May-13

Forward Period

18

Bet on unknown unknowns… don’t hedge known unknowns

Sell “known unknowns” and Buy “unknown unknowns”…

…monetize the bull market in fear by playing the term structure

Fear Arbitrage

(Volatility futures & Options, SPX Vol Term Structure)

1.6x

1.5x

1.4x

1.3x

1.2x

1.1x

1.0x

Unknown

Unknown Crash

Known-Unknown Crash

Month 1 Month 2 Month 3 Month 4 Month 5 Month 6 Month 7 Month 8

Forward Volatility (October 2012) Historical Average Forward Volatility (since 2004)

19

financial crash options market is marked by the transfer of risk premium from the right of the return distribution to the left tail

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%

The more people fear the LEFT TAIL the more you should buy the RIGHT… and vice versa

Role of the trader is not so much to predict the future but to identify mispriced risk

The options market is consistently late to the game in pricing both the right and left tails

Cross Asset Implied Probability Distribution Comparison (2008 pre-crisis to 2012)

Variance Swap Weighting { SPY, EFA, EEM, TLT, IEF, HYG, USO, GLD }

2012

Pre-Crisis 2008

Right

Tail

Bias

60%

60%

50%

50%

40%

40%

30%

30%

Left tail bias

20%

20%

Gold

Oil

HY Bonds

UST 10yr

UST 30yr

Intl. Equity (Emerg)

Intl. Equity (Dev)

US Equity

10%

10%

0%

0%

Gold

Oil

Oil

UST 30yr

Intl. Equity (Emerg)

Intl. Equity (Emerg)

Intl. Equity (Dev)

Expected 1yr Asset Class Return Distribution by Standard Deviation (Historical) by Standard Deviation (Historical)

Note: Artemis calculates the implied probability distribution using interpolated weights from variance swap pricing. This methodology may give higher weightings to tails in down markets than more traditional methods like taking the second derivative of call prices, fitting mixture of normal PDFs to recover prices, or fitting vol models (SVI,SABR).

20

…but it is a valuable exercise to theorize! … Volatility markets turn

Double Convexity in Inflation Boom

SPX 10yr OTM Call - 10K Strike

5 yrs to expiry/ SPX @ 3,000 (16% annual gain)

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0

15%

20%

25%

5yr implied vol

30%

35%

40%

45%

40.0%

30.0%

20.0%

10%

50%

5%

5yr UST Yield

0%

The more people fear the LEFT TAIL the more you should buy the RIGHT…

Maybe it is correct to buy tail risk insurance ... but is everyone just hedging the wrong tail?

20%

Mirror Reflection: Deflation vs. Hyperinflation

S&P 500 Probability Distributions in different Regimes of Risk

1-year Gain-Loss%

15%

10%

Implied from March 2012 SPX options

Simulated from in 2013-2022 Hyperinflationary Model (1 scenario of 10k)

Future?

5%

0%

-50% -43% -35% -28% -20% -13% -5% +3% +10% +18% +25% +33% +40% +48%

One Year Gain/Loss % in S&P 500 index

Note: Artemis created a model to simulate the behavior of the S&P 500 index and volatility during an inflationary shock. The model is not intended to be a prediction of the future but is merely a rudimentary stochasticbased method to understand what modern markets may look like in rampant inflation. The simulation runs 10,000 price scenarios for the S&P 500 index over 10 years modeling daily stock price behavior using a generalized Wiener process (Wiener.. not Weimar) and a drift rate that assumes linkages between annual CPI and equity performance. We assume inflation rises sharply from current levels of 2.87% in 2012 to 26% by

2015 and stays elevated at that level until 2017 (20% a year overall). The average volatility shifts are based upon assumptions regarding equity return to variance parameters observed in prior inflationary episodes

(1970s US & 1920s Germany). The simulation shows annualized SPX returns for the decade at +9.94% but adjusted for inflation this drops to -9.8%.

21

2

1.5

1

Volatility Term Structure

1-year Volatility / 1-month Volatility

0.5

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

600

Fear over Fundamentals

It is hard to have a bear market in a bull-market for fear

Volatility term-structure is an effective indicator to inform equity exposure

It pays to have exposure to stocks when markets are hedged!

S&P 500 index portfolio exposure based on Vol Slope

1996 to 2012

550

500

450

Period of Steep Vol Slope (1yr VarK / VIX > 1.10)

S&P 500 Index

Tactical Allocation to S&P 500 during periods with Steep Vol Slope

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

50

45

40

Cyclically Adjusted PE Ratio

(Price to Average Inflation Adjusted Earning from past 10-years)

1881 to 2012

22

575

475

375

275

Period of Steep Vol Slope (1yr VarK / VIX > 1.10)

S&P 500 Index

Tactical Allocation to S&P 500 during periods with Steep Vol Slope

175

75

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Risk Free Assets are Risky

When the “Bull Market in Fear” meets a “Bubble in Safety” a short equity option position and “risk-free’ UST bond have similar risk-to-reward payoffs!

Efficient Frontier / Risk to Reward Comparison

Long Dated UST Bond vs.

1yr OTM Short Puts (collateralized)

30yr UST

Bond

SPX Short Put

(Strike @-25% OTM)

10yr UST

Bond

SPX Put

Stress Test

SPX ↓ -9% to -14%

68% to 33% probability

UST Bond

Stress Test

SPX ↓ -25%

13% chance

Rates ↑ 100bps to 200bps

68% to 33% probability

SPX ↓ -50%

2% probability

Rates ↑ 320bps to 600bps

13% to 2% probability

Note: All data as of September 14, 2012. Estimated unrealized loss on position given stress test scenario. Historic probability data based on period of 1960 - 2012 for the UST bonds and 1950 to 2012 for the S&P 500 index. Option pricing based on estimated local volatility shifts, however actual shifts may differ from estimates during a real crash depending. All stress tests are assumed to occur close to the purchase period of the instrument. Unrealized losses may differ closer to maturity.

Yield to Risk / UST Bond vs. "Volatility Bond" (Collateralized Short Put on S&P 500 index)

Investment

Volatility Bond / Short SPX Put + Collateral

Yield

SPX Put (Strike @-25%) 2.69%

SPX Put (Strike @2009 lows) 0.51%

US Treasury Bond

Yield

Maturity

1 year

1 year

Maturity

US Treasury Bond / 10-year 1.87% 10 years

US Treasury Bond /30-year 3.09% 30 years

Est. MTM

Loss

-2%

-0.4% 68%

UST Rates ↑ 100bps

1.319x

Est. MTM

Loss

Historic Prob.

%

Risk to

Reward

-9%

-18%

Stress Test #1 Stress Test #2 Stress Test #3 Stress Test #4

SPX ↓ -9%

Historic Prob.

%

68%

68%

68%

Risk to

Reward

1.373x

0.214x

0.176x

Est. MTM

Loss

-4%

-0.9%

UST Rate ↑ 200bps

Est. MTM

Loss

-17%

-31%

SPX ↓ -14%

Historic Prob.

%

39%

39%

Historic Prob.

%

39%

39%

Risk to

Reward

0.616x

0.588x

Risk to

Reward

0.113x

0.099x

Est. MTM

Loss

-11%

-3%

-25%

-44%

SPX ↓ -25%

Historic Prob.

%

13%

Risk to

Reward

0.242x

13%

UST Rate ↑ 325bps

0.176x

Est. MTM

Loss

Historic Prob.

%

13%

13%

Risk to

Reward

0.074x

0.070x

Est. MTM

Loss

-33%

-15%

Est. MTM

Loss

-41%

-62%

SPX ↓ -50%

Historic Prob.

%

2%

Risk to

Reward

0.081x

2%

UST Rate ↑ 600bps

0.034x

Historic Prob.

%

2%

2%

Risk to

Reward

0.045x

0.050x

3.5%

3.0%

2.5%

2.0%

1.5%

1.0%

0.5%

0.0%

-5% -15% -25% -35%

1yr Volatility Bond (short OTM SPX Put Option Collateralized)

Lond Dated UST Bonds

-45% -55% -65%

23

0.80x

0.60x

0.40x

TLT 20+ US Treasury Bond ETF - 5% OTM Vol Skew

0.20x

0.00x

May-03 May-04 May-05 May-06 May-07 May-08 May-09 May-10 May-11 May-12

150

100

50

250

Risk Free Assets are Risky

When risk-free is risky … it is time to buy volatility on safety itself

Higher interest rate volatility can be realized in deflation and inflation

Interest Rate Volatility is Low

... and a better bargain on a forward basis than equity vol

Merrill Lynch MOVE Index = VIX for UST Bonds

Weighted Volatility of 2yr,5yr,10yr & 20yr UST

200

Source: Bloomberg

24

3.5%

3.0%

2.5%

2.0%

1.5%

1.0%

0.5%

0.0%

-5% -15% -25% -35%

1yr Volatility Bond (short OTM SPX Put Option Collateralized)

Lond Dated UST Bonds

-45% -55% -65%

Yield to Risk / UST Bond vs. "Volatility Bond" (Collateralized Short Put on S&P 500 index)

Investment

Volatility Bond / Short SPX Put + Collateral

Yield

SPX Put (Strike @-25%) 2.69%

SPX Put (Strike @2009 lows) 0.51%

US Treasury Bond

Yield

Maturity

1 year

1 year

Maturity

US Treasury Bond / 10-year 1.87% 10 years

US Treasury Bond /30-year 3.09% 30 years

Est. MTM

Loss

-2%

-0.4% 68%

UST Rates ↑ 100bps

1.319x

Est. MTM

Loss

Historic Prob.

%

Risk to

Reward

-9%

-18%

Stress Test #1 Stress Test #2 Stress Test #3 Stress Test #4

SPX ↓ -9%

Historic Prob.

%

68%

68%

68%

Risk to

Reward

1.373x

0.214x

0.176x

Est. MTM

Loss

-4%

-0.9%

UST Rate ↑ 200bps

Est. MTM

Loss

-17%

-31%

SPX ↓ -14%

Historic Prob.

%

39%

39%

Historic Prob.

%

39%

39%

Risk to

Reward

0.616x

0.588x

Risk to

Reward

0.113x

0.099x

Est. MTM

Loss

-11%

-3%

-25%

-44%

SPX ↓ -25%

Historic Prob.

%

13%

Risk to

Reward

0.242x

13%

UST Rate ↑ 325bps

0.176x

Est. MTM

Loss

Historic Prob.

%

13%

13%

Risk to

Reward

0.074x

0.070x

Est. MTM

Loss

-33%

-15%

Est. MTM

Loss

-41%

-62%

SPX ↓ -50%

Historic Prob.

%

2%

Risk to

Reward

0.081x

2%

UST Rate ↑ 600bps

0.034x

Historic Prob.

%

2%

2%

Risk to

Reward

0.045x

0.050x

Volatility of an Impossible Object

Modern financial markets are an impossible object

Volatility of an impossible object is our changing perception of risk

Illustration by Brendan Wiuff based on concept by Christopher Cole

25

Volatility of an Impossible Object

the next “Unknown Unknown” Crash…

What is not priced into markets that will seem as obvious in 10 years as it is laughable today?

Bull Market in Fear is prepared for yesterday’s crash… you want to be hedged for what happens tomorrow

Fracture between the fundamental and the abstract is a source of great risk

Today everyone is afraid of the next 2008

I am afraid of the next 1987…. possibly for stocks… but more likely bonds

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Post-Modern Economy

Post-Modern Economy & “Simulacra and Simulation”

Baudrillard recalls Borges fable about cartographers of a great empire who drew a detailed map

When the empire collapses the map is accepted as truth and the empire forgotten

In the postmodern economy market expectations are more important to fundamental growth than the reality of supply and demand the market was designed to mimic

What Baudrillard calls “the desert of the real” is what Bernanke identifies as the “wealth effect”

The real economy is not slave to the shadow banking system… our economy IS the shadow banking system … the empire is gone and we live in the abstraction

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Volatility can be more than just FEAR

Volatility is the perfect post-modern asset class for our existential economic future…

Volatility

Markets

Volatility

Fiat

Currency

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Truth and Volatility

Volatility as a concept is widely misunderstood. Volatility is not fear. Volatility is not the

VIX index. Volatility is not a statistic or a standard deviation, Black-Scholes input, or any other number derived by abstract formula.

Volatility is no different in markets than it is to life.

Volatility is an instrument of truth

Regardless of how it is measured volatility reflects the difference between the world as we imagine it to be and the world that actually exists

We will only prosper if we relentlessly search for nothing but the truth, otherwise the truth will find us through volatility the Truth is that Capitalism can save us… but First We Must Find a Way to Save Capitalism

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Reference Material & Acknowledgements

Artemis Research:

Volatility of an Impossible Object: Risk, Fear, and Safety in Games of Perception

Volatility at World’s End: Deflation, Hyperinflation and the Alchemy of Risk, March 30, 2012

Fighting Greek Fire with Fire: Volatility Correlation, and Truth, September 30, 2011

Is Volatility Broken? Normalcy Bias and Abnormal Variance, March 30, 2011

The Great Vega Short- volatility, tail risk, and sleeping elephants, January 4, 2011

Unified Risk Theory - Correlation, Vol, M3 and Pineapples, September 30, 2010

Artwork:

"Volatility at World's End" by Brendan Wiuff 2012 / copyright owned by Artemis Capital Management LLC

"Volatility of an Impossible Object" by Brendan Wiuff / Concept by Christopher Cole 2012 / copyright owned by Artemis Capital Management LLC

“Jack-o-Lantern” Istock photo / used based on purchase of rights

“Ocean Waves” Istock photo / used based on purchase of rights

"Odysseus facing the choice between Scylla and Chrybdis" by Henry Fuseli 1794 / public domain

"Penrose Triangle, Devil’s Turning Fork & Necker’s Cube” Derrick Coetzee / Public Domain

"Liberty Leading the People" by Eugène Delacroix 1830 / public domain

Ocean wave pictures provided by istockphoto.com

Reference Material:

“Simulacra and Simulation” by Jean Baudrillard / University of Michigan / 1994

"A Tale of Two Indices" by Peter Carr & Liuren Wu December 22, 2005

“VIX Derivatives: A Poor Practitioner’s Model” Maneesh Deshpande / May 19 2011

“Understanding VIX Futures and Options” Dennis Dzekounoff; Futures Magazine/ August 2010

“The Volatility Surface: A Practitioner’s Guide.” Jim Gatheral / John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken, NJ, 2006

"Think Fast and Slow" by Daniel Kahneman / Farrar, Staus and Giroux 2012

“Options, Futures, and Other Derivatives” John C. Hull, Fifth Edition; Prentice Hall 2003

"Lifetime Odds of Death for Selected Causes, United States, 2007" / National Safety Council 2011 Edition

“Volatility Trading” Evan Sinclair, Wiley Trading 2008

"Dying of Money: Lessons of the Great German and American Inflations" by Jens O. Parsson / Wellspring Press 1974

"Economics of Inflation; A Study of Currency Depreciation in Post-War Germany" by Constantino Bresciani-Turroni Out of Print / 1968

“Variance Swaps” Peter Allen, Stephen Einchcomb, Nicolas Granger; JP Morgan Securities / November 2006

"Laughter in the Dark - The Problem of the Volatility Smile" by Emanuel Derman May 26, 2003

“Robust Hedging of Volatility Derivatives” Roger Lee & Peter Carr; Columbia Financial Engineering Seminar / September 2004

“More than you Ever Wanted to Know About Volatility Swaps” Kresimir Demeterfi, Emanual Derman, Michael Kamal & Joseph Zou; Goldman Sachs / March 1999

“The Performance of VIX Option Pricing Models: Empirical Evidence Beyond Simulation” Zhiguang Wang; Florida International University / April 2009

“Recent Developments in VIX Exchange Traded Products” Maneesh Deshpande/ April 3, 2012

"Deflation: making sure 'it' doesn't happen here" by Ben S. Bernanke (speech) / US Federal Reserve November 2002

"US Options Strategy TVIX Explosion Drives Vol-of-Vol Higher" Deutsche Bank February 23, 2012

"Unknown Unknowns: Vol-of-Vol and the Cross Section of Stock Returns" Guido Baltussen, Sjoerd Van Bekkum and Bart Van Der Grient / Erasmus School of Economics & Robeco Quantitative

Strategies/ July 30, 2012

Definition of "Impossible Object" / Wikipedia / http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impossible_object

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Artemis Capital Management – Contact Information

Artemis Vega Fund L.P.

Artemis Capital Management, L.L.C.

520 Broadway, Suite 350

Santa Monica, CA 90401 info@artemiscm.com www.artemiscm.com

Christopher Cole, CFA

Managing Partner & Portfolio Manager

(310) 496-4526 phone

(310) 496-4527 fax c.cole@artemiscm.com

Key Information/ Biography

Christopher Cole, CFA

Managing Partner & Portfolio Manager / Artemis Capital Management LLC

Christopher R. Cole, CFA is the founder of Artemis Capital Management LLC and the portfolio manager of the

Artemis Vega Fund LP. Mr. Cole’s core focus is systematic, quantitative, and behavioral based trading of exchange-traded volatility futures and options. His decision to form a fund came after achieving significant proprietary returns during the 2008 financial crash trading volatility futures. His research letters and volatility commentaries have been widely quoted including by publications such as the Financial Times,

Bloomberg, International Financing Review, CFA Magazine, and Forbes. He previously worked in capital markets and investment banking at Merrill Lynch. During his career in investment banking and pension consulting he structured over $10 billion in derivatives and debt transactions for many high profile issuers.

Mr. Cole holds the Chartered Financial Analyst designation, is an associate member of the NFA, and graduated Magna Cum Laude from the University of Southern California.

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Legal Disclaimer

THIS IS NOT AN OFFERING OR THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO PURCHASE AN INTEREST IN ARTEMIS VEGA FUND,

L.P. (THE “FUND”). ANY SUCH OFFER OR SOLICITATION WILL ONLY BE MADE TO QUALIFIED INVESTORS BY MEANS

OF A CONFIDENTIAL PRIVATE PLACEMENT MEMORANDUM (THE “MEMORANDUM”) AND ONLY IN THOSE

JURISDICTIONS WHERE PERMITTED BY LAW. AN INVESTMENT SHOULD ONLY BE MADE AFTER CAREFUL REVIEW OF

THE FUND’S MEMORANDUM. THE INFORMATION HEREIN IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY THE INFORMATION IN

THE MEMORANDUM.

AN INVESTMENT IN THE FUND IS SPECULATIVE AND INVOLVES A HIGH DEGREE OF RISK. OPPORTUNITIES FOR

WITHDRAWAL, REDEMPTION AND TRANSFERABILITY OF INTERESTS ARE RESTRICTED, SO INVESTORS MAY NOT HAVE

ACCESS TO CAPITAL WHEN IT IS NEEDED. THERE IS NO SECONDARY MARKET FOR THE INTERESTS AND NONE IS

EXPECTED TO DEVELOP. NO ASSURANCE CAN BE GIVEN THAT THE INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE WILL BE ACHIEVED OR

THAT AN INVESTOR WILL RECEIVE A RETURN OF ALL OR ANY PORTION OF HIS OR HER INVESTMENT IN THE FUND.

INVESTMENT RESULTS MAY VARY SUBSTANTIALLY OVER ANY GIVEN TIME PERIOD.

CERTAIN DATA CONTAINED HEREIN IS BASED ON INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM SOURCES BELIEVED TO BE

ACCURATE, BUT WE CANNOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY OF SUCH INFORMATION.

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General Disclosure Statement

An investment in the Partnership and strategies discussed in this document involve a number of significant risks. For a full list of potential risk factors please review the

Offering Memorandum. Prospective Limited Partners should read the entire Memorandum and the Partnership Agreement and consult with their own advisers before deciding whether to invest in the Partnership. In addition, as the Partnership’s investment program develops and changes over time, an investment in the Partnership may be subject to additional and different risk factors. Prospective investors should also consult with their own financial, tax and legal advisors regarding the suitability of this investment. Artemis Capital Management, L.L.C. does not guarantee returns and investors bear the risk of losing a substantial portion of or potentially their entire investment.

All 2009 performance numbers quoted within this document are derived from financial statements that were audited by Spicer Jeffries. Proprietary trading results for

White Fox, LLC (the “Proprietary Account”) are presented within this document that were verified by Spicer Jeffries. The Principal of the General Partner, Christopher R.

Cole, used the Proprietary Account as a vehicle to incubate the investment strategy of the Partnership with personal funds as well as those of close family members. Note that no management or performance fees were charged to the Proprietary Account profiled. Accordingly, the Pro Forma Performance presented in this document includes imposition of a 2% Management Fee and 20% Performance Allocation (in line with those charged against the Partnership).Past performance is not indicative of future returns.

Commodity Pool Operator Disclosure Statement

YOU SHOULD CAREFULLY CONSIDER WHETHER YOUR FINANCIAL CONDITION PERMITS YOU TO PARTICIPATE IN A COMMODITY POOL. IN SO DOING, YOU SHOULD BE

AWARE THAT FUTURES AND OPTIONS TRADING CAN QUICKLY LEAD TO LARGE LOSSES AS WELL AS GAINS. SUCH TRADING LOSSES CAN SHARPLY REDUCE THE NET

ASSET VALUE OF THE POOL AND CONSEQUENTLY THE VALUE OF YOUR INTEREST IN THE POOL. IN ADDITION, RESTRICTIONS ON REDEMPTIONS MAY AFFECT YOUR

ABILITY TO WITHDRAW YOUR PARTICIPATION IN THE POOL.

FURTHER, COMMODITY POOLS MAY BE SUBJECT TO SUBSTANTIAL CHARGES FOR MANAGEMENT, ADVISORY AND BROKERAGE FEES. IT MAY BE NECESSARY FOR

THOSE POOLS THAT ARE SUBJECT TO THESE CHARGES TO MAKE SUBSTANTIAL TRADING PROFITS TO AVOID DEPLETIONS OR EXHAUSTION OF THEIR ASSETS. THE

OFFERING MEMORANDUM CONTAINS A COMPLETE DESCRIPTION OF EACH EXPENSE TO BE CHARGED THIS POOL AND A STATEMENT OF THE PERCENTAGE RETURN

NECESSARY TO BREAK EVEN, THAT IS, TO RECOVER THE AMOUNT OF YOUR INITIAL INVESTMENT .

THIS BRIEF STATEMENT CANNOT DISCLOSE ALL THE RISKS AND OTHER FACTORS NECESSARY TO EVALUATE YOUR PARTICIPATION IN THIS COMMODITY POOL.

THEREFORE, BEFORE YOU DECIDE TO PARTICIPATE IN THIS COMMODITY POOL, YOU SHOULD CAREFULLY STUDY THE OFFERINGMEMORANDUM, INCLUDING A

DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPAL RISK FACTORS OF THIS INVESTMENT.

YOU SHOULD ALSO BE AWARE THAT THIS COMMODITY POOL MAY TRADE FOREIGN FUTURES OR OPTIONS CONTRACTS. TRANSACTIONS ON MARKETS LOCATED

OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES, INCLUDING MARKETS FORMALLY LINKED TO A UNITED STATES MARKET, MAY BE SUBJECT TO REGULATIONS WHICH OFFER DIFFERENT

OR DIMINISHED PROTECTIONS TO THE POOL AND ITS PARTICIPANTS. FURTHER, UNITED STATES REGULATORY AUTHORITIES MAY BE UNABLE TO COMPEL THE

ENFORCEMENT OF THE RULES OR REGULATORY AUTHORITIES OR MARKETS IN NON-UNITED STATES JURISDICTIONS WHERE TRANSACTIONS FOR THE POOL MAY BE

EFFECTED.

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