The Asian American University of Connecticut Newsletter of the Asian American Studies Institute No. 7, Fall 2001 Look@AsianAmerica.Now! In a year when U.S. census figures focused on the growing diversity of American society, notably the first ever sampling of people who identified as belonging to more than one racial category, the Asian American Studies Institute at the University of Connecticut devoted its resources into examining the continuing contributions of Asian Americans to this country's dynamic collage. Asian Americans have been living in the Americas for over two centuries now. Asian Americans have played important roles in their growth and development. They have come to be highly regarded for their sense of family values, work continued on pg. 2 In This Issue Director’s Desk.......................................2 Dot.Com or Dot.Comrade......................3 Asian American Heritage......................4-5 Critical Issues Series................................6 I Didn’t Know.........................................7 Day of Remembrance...........................8-9 Negative Attraction...............................10 Peace in South Asia Conference.............11 Fred Ho Prize........................................12 Faculty Highlights.............................12-13 List of Courses......................................14 Honor Roll............................................15 Education Outreach and Research in Asian American Studies Glastonbury, CT "Somebody in your family came to the United States from somewhere else — that's how you're related to immigrants," Sharon Hsiung, Masters in Education graduate student at the Neag School of Education, told her third graders on "China Day" at Hopewell Elementary School on February 13, 2001. The cultural festival was the culmination of Hsiung's contributions to the China unit of the school's curriculum. Attended by 20 parents and volunteers, China Day exposed the 90 stu3rd graders working with an abacus dents to cultural activities, from stuffing and cooking dumplings, tying intricate knots, solving math problems with an abacus, writing in calligraphy, to sampling games. Hsiung also engaged them in thinking about who "Americans" are and how immigrants, Asians and Chinese Americans belong among them. She asked them to name famous Asian Americans, what Asian Americans eat or watch on TV, and to ponder the hurt feelings of a little girl who was learning English because she was new to America. Her yearlong observations have been formalized in her inquiry project, in partial satisfaction of her degree requirements. Entitled "The Impact of a China Unit on Children's Cultural Attitudes, Awareness, and Understanding of China, its People and its Culture" Hsiung's primary goal was to teach her students to recognize stereotypes about Asian (Chinese) Americans, and to see differences as unique aspects of a culture that are to be understood and celebrated. continued on pg. 5 2.............................................................................................................................................................................................................The Asian American Director’s Desk Dr. Roger N. Buckley Customarily, I use this column to look back on the events and initiatives of the Asian American Studies Institute over the past year. This year I will depart somewhat from this practice and contemplate the future. What leads me to do this is the Education Outreach Internship Program in Asian American Studies, a year-long initiative begun in September 2000 with the support of the University’s Neag School of Education, and the Glastonbury School District. The Education Outreach Interns were responsible for assessing how topics regarding Asian Americans are currently being taught in K-12 classrooms. The interns were also responsible for developing social studies curriculum and related materials that integrate key experiences and contributions of Asian Americans to the history and culture of the United States. The Education Outreach Internship Program in Asian American Studies speaks to the need to expand our outreach efforts to include the voice of Connecticut teachers K-12. In our continuing effort to challenge and reconfigure current cultural and academic paradigms in Connecticut’s schools, I propose that the Asian American Studies Institute, in partnership with the State Department of Education and Connecticut’s schools, establish a Summer Certificate Program in Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Class Studies for K-12 teachers. The goals for the Summer Program are to 1) allow teachers and students to gain a considerable knowledge in the study of race, ethnicity, gender and class; 2) reinforce teachers’ and students’ acquisition of a critical approach to knowledge; 3) involve learning and thinking within an interdisciplinary framework; 4) enable teachers and students to think comparatively and crossculturally about the relationships within and across racially, gender and class defined communities, and to the dominant society; 5) increase the number of minority educators and educational diversity in Connecticut. The courses would explore concepts of race, ethnicity, gender and class and the intersection of the these fields in the historical development of the United States. One of the courses could be a “Diversity Workshop” with one or more of the directors of the University’s cultural centers. The centers are an important resource and include the Asian American, African American, Puerto Rican/Latin American, Rainbow and Women’s Centers. The faculty for the Summer Certificate Program would be drawn from the University’s ethnic studies institutes which include the Asian American, African American, Puerto Rican and Latino Studies and Women Studies Program. The details of the Summer Certificate Program, such as the number of courses, their distribution across academic fields and their location could be worked out once the partnership is established. I call upon our colleagues and friends across the state to consider this action plan whose time has come. In my view the establishment of the Summer Certificate Program would represent a major step forward in redefining America. I look forward to hearing from you. Look@AsianAmerica.Now! ethic and honesty in business, patriotism and educational attainment. Yet Asian Americans continue to be regarded as still foreign, unknowable, and suspect— after all these years. A new national survey entitled American Attitudes Toward Chinese Americans and Asian Americans reveals that negative attitudes are on the rise. Among the findings: 46% feel Chinese Americans are ready to pass on secrets to China; 32% think Chinese Americans are more loyal to China than the U.S.; 24% disapprove of someone in their family marrying an Asian American; 34% would be upset if a substantial number of Asian Americans moved into their neighborhoods; 60% consider the increase in the Asian population as "bad for this country;" and 62% resent the success of the new immigrants over U.S. born Americans. Conducted in the first two weeks of March, 2001, the survey of 1,216 Americans at least 18 years old, who were telephoned randomly across the country, found many of the attitudes toward Chinese Americans were applied to Asian Americans generally because most non-Asian Americans did not differentiate between the two groups. The confluence of increased diversity on one hand and the rise of negativity on the other reaffirms the mission of the Asian American Studies Institute: to provide a structured forum to study the Asian American experience in the context of an evolving American society. And to advocate for more awareness, creative resolutions and the courage to face both prosperous and difficult times with skill and grace. Fall 2001................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Dot.Com or Dot.Comrade: H1-B Visas Vijay Prashad, Assoc. Professor and Director of International Studies at Trinity College in Hartford, CT was the featured Fall Semester speaker of the Asian American Studies Institute's Guest Lecture Series, on Nov. 14, 2000. Dr. Prashad earned his Ph.D. in History from the Univ. of Chicago. In Spring of 2000, he was a Fellow of the International Institute of Social History in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. He is the author of several articles, and guest edited with Biju Mathew, "Satyagraha in America: The Political Culture of South Asian Americans," vol. 25, no.3 of Amerasia Journal. His books include Raw Skin: Adventures in Polyculturalism (Beacon Press, 2001); Untouchable Freedom: A Social History of a Dalit Community (Oxford Univ. Press, 2000); and The Karma of Brown Folk (Univ. of Minnesota Press, 2000). ernment issues H1-B visas to college-educated professionals who have firm job offers in the U.S. The applicant's employer acts as the petitioner, filing an "employer attestation application" with the U.S. Dept. of Labor. The petitioner must offer proof that the employer will be paying the "prevailing" wage for that position. Upon Labor Dept. approval, the petitioner must file with the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service [INS] that includes documentation of the candidate's qualifications. After further approvals, the H1-B visa can be filed. The H1-B visa allows the successful applicant to stay in the U.S. for up to six years, with the possibility of extensions after three years. For a fee of between $2,500 to $3,500 per employee lawyers are typically retained to shepherd the visa applications through the system, which can take months. While many U.S. companies have legitimate need for skilled foreign workers, overall, the H1-B program is fraught with abuses, argue its critics. The Center for Immigration Studies, based in Washington D.C., reports that many H1-B workers enter the program because they want to get their permanent residency, also known as a "green card." Others charge that they work for less and under harsher conditions. Prashad called the H1-B visa program a form of "high-tech coolie indenture servitude" that targets computer savvy Asians, mostly from India and China, perpetuating the stereotype of Asians as the "smartest" people in comparison to other people of color. "Immigration is the silent killer. Immigration as it stands now is a way to divide working people in the U.S., to make so-called workers from overseas become ‘the problem.’ The immigration system also creates false hopes for people around the world and allows for massive state intervention in workers' lives." Vijay Prashad “Oppression by immigration is my particular heartbreak.” Prashad's talk, co-sponsored by UConn's South Asia Study Group, took on the thorny nexus between race, imperialism and capitalism, by examining U.S. immigration policy and its perpetuation of Asian American "model minority" and "yellow peril" stereotypes for economic profit. In October 2000, the U.S. Congress voted to raise the cap for H1-B visas, temporary visas under which skilled foreigners are allowed into the United States, an additional 80,000 slots, including generous exemptions. The process is as follows: the federal gov- "Oppression by immigration is my particular heartbreak," continued Prashad. "I'm not against people coming to the U.S. on H1-B to make money. What I'm interested in is the hypocrisy of the system that brings them here, draining labor from overseas, then stigmatizes them as taking jobs away, not creating real change for the domestic population, and fueling hopes of thinking they can stay on. It's fine to make strategic, financial choices. But the reality is that there's no going back. Working here transforms you — you come at the peak of your life and to go back to where there are not as many opportunities, to have to start again with fewer prospects — that in itself needs to be talked about. Is that a good global civilization? Is that a good society for us?" Prashad ended his passionate presentation with this invitation. [Let us] "move from the illusionary world of dot.com to the world I like calling dot.comrade, the world of solidarity and struggle, and what it means to understand how our state system, how economic profit in this country pits us apart and does not allow us to have good fellowship with others…. All I'm asking for is to have a fair conversation on whether we want to live in a world based on the stress of increasing productivity and reporting every three months, or other ways to live life. I'm going to live in a world of dot.comrade and I want you to join me." 4..............................................................................................................................................................................................................The Asian American Asian American Heritage Jessica Hagedorn The poet, multimedia artist and author, opened Asian American Heritage Observance on October 5, 2000. Her visit to UConn was jointly sponsored by the Asian American Studies Institute and the Asian American Cultural Center, slAAm! Book Club, which read her novel The Gangster of Love (Penguin Books, 1996). Weaving memories of growing up both in the Philippines and San Francisco, CA, Hagedorn read a few of her poems and excerpts from her novels. She capped her presentation with clips from her latest project, The Pink Palace, the animated series for the Oxygen network, in collaboration with John Woo, which features a diverse cast of high school students of color. "I come from a family of mixed heritage. I lived in the Philippines [until] I was about Jessica Hagedorn 14 years old. I had come to America with my mother because my family broke up. I had a very colonized education…. I wasn't really taught the very turbulent history of the PhilippineAmerican relationship, from 1898 when the Spanish were defeated by the Americans [who] in turn re-colonized the Philippines." In the 1970s Hagedorn performed and collaborated with fellow poets Ntozake Shange and Thulani Davis. The earliest collection of Hagedorn's poetry was edited and anthologized by Beat poet Kenneth Rexroth, published by McGraw Hill in 1972. "Growing up in the Bay Area in the 60’s and 70’s was one of the best things to happen to me.There was a community of artists and writers of color who were quite political. They were coming out of the Civil Rights struggles, and they were forming coalitions with each other…. "I went back and forth to the Philippines a lot during the 70’s to visit my father and brothers during the most oppressive part of [the] martial law [period of the Marcos regime]…. The newspapers had been taken over by the government so they only printed what they wanted. There was a curfew, and a lot of people were jailed or just disappeared for supposedly being anti-government. It was a very difficult time for my family there…it was very difficult to not write about it." The poem Song for My Father (on next page) in Danger and Beauty (Penguin Books, 1993) became a blueprint for her first novel Dogeaters (Penguin Books, 1990). "It was about going back and forth…and sort of deciding on some level that I couldn't really go back there again and claim it as my home. That I had become part of my "new home" which is America...." "I've worked in a lot of media — in theater, film, video — but always, my foundation is writing. Often when I write, I listen to music. I think that the rhythms help the writing. It's interesting how emotion and how to get at a certain truth is easier when you have music…." Taking the idea of putting spoken word to music, Hagedorn worked with jazz trombonist Julian Priester to form Hagedorn's rock band, The West Coast Gangster Choir, which later evolved into The Gangster Choir, after she moved to New York City in 1978. Hagedorn has also edited the groundbreaking Charlie Chan is Dead: An Anthology of Contemporary Asian American Fiction, published in 1993. Her multimedia theater and performance pieces have been presented by the New York Shakespeare Festival's Joseph Papp Public Theater, Berkeley Rep, Dance Theater Workshop, Atlanta's 7 Stages and the Los Angeles Festival. She has collaborated on video and film projects with Shu Lea Chang and Angel Velasco Shaw. Grants and Awards include fellowships from the Lila WallaceReader's Digest Fund, the NEA, The Sundance Institute, New York Foundation for the Arts and the Theater Communications Guild. Fall 2001................................................................................................................................................................................................................................5 i arrive in the unbearable heat the sun's stillness stretching across the land's silence people staring out from airport cages thousands of miles later and i have not yet understood my obsession to return and twelve years is fast inside my brain exploding like tears i could show you but you already know. you greet me and i see it is you you all the time pulling me back towards this space letters are the memory i carry with me the unspoken name of you, my father in new york they ask me if i'm puerto rican and do i live in queens? i listen to pop stations chant to iemaja convinced i'm really brazilian and you a riverboat gambler shooting dice in macao during the war… if you eat enough papaya your sex drive diminishes lorenza paints my nails blue and we giggle at the dinner table aunts and whores brothers and homosexuals a contessa with chinese eyes and an uncle cranky with loneliness he carries an american passport like me and here we are, cathedrals in our thighs Education Outreach continued from Front banana trees for breasts and history all mixed up saxophones in our voices when we scream the love of rhythms inherent when we dance they can latin here and shoot for the wrong glance eyes that kill eyes that kill… i am trapped by overripe mangoes i am trapped by the beautiful sadness of women i am trapped by priests and nuns whispering my name in confession boxes i am trapped by antiques and the music of the future and leaving you again and again for america, the loneliest of countries my words change… sometimes i even forget english. Although she found notable advancement in the attitudes, awareness and understanding among the students who participated in her study toward Asian Americans, she recommends longitudinal studies which would look into the students' ability to apply their new attitudes. At Glastonbury High School, fellow Masters in Education graduate student Jessica Staley worked closely with Director of Social Studies Deborah Gladding Willard to conduct her inquiry project, entitled "The Emergence of the True Asian American Nature: Examining the Impact of the Model Minority Myth on Asian American Students' Socio-Cultural and Academic Achievement." Sharon Hsiung (left) Jessica Staley (right) 6..............................................................................................................................................................................................................The Asian American Critical Issues Racial Profiling and Asian American Activism Frank H. Wu, Assoc. Professor of Law at Howard Univ. in Washington, D.C. (at left, of Ronald Walters, Professor of Government and Politics at the Univ. of Maryland) gave a talk on "Asian Americans and Political Participation" on October 30, 2000. Wu and Walters were both invited to discuss Election 2000 for the Institute for African American Studies' Critical Issues Series, co-sponsored by Asian American Studies and the Political Science department. Frank H. Wu (left) and Ronald Walters A highly regarded advocate for affirmative action and immigration rights, Wu is the author of scholarly articles and a range of essays and commentaries for the Washington Post, the LA Times, the Chicago Tribune, The Nation and AsianWeek. He has written a new book entitled Yellow: Race in America beyond Black and White (HarperCollins, 2001) which addresses some of the more controversial contemporary issues, including diversity, globalization and the mixed race movement, and introduces the example of Asian Americans to shed new light on the current debates. "Experts have testified that they believe Mainland China recruits spies on the basis of ethnicity and may target Chinese Americans and other people with ties to China. What's wrong with [this argument]? Every time a foreign country does something such as what Japan did during World War II with Pearl Harbor, then the U.S. government would be justified in invoking that foreign government's action to deprive U.S. citizens and permanent residents of their civil rights. There's no connection between Wen Ho Lee and other Chinese Americans, many good and loyal citizens, to China other than race. If there was a 'Chinese spy' Wen Ho Lee isn't it! It is neither practical nor efficient to make assumptions about individuals based on generalizations about groups." On September 13, 2000, Wen Ho Lee walked away a free man after agreeing to plead guilty to one felony count of mishandling national security data. He did not admit to intending to harm the United States or aid a foreign “It is neither practical nor efficient to make assumptions about individuals based on generalizations about groups.” On the occasion of his second invited lecture at UConn, Fe Delos-Santos of the Asian American Studies Institute engaged Wu in a conversation about racial profiling, a cause of concern for both the African and Asian American communities, and its application to the case of Wen Ho Lee, the Los Alamos National Laboratories nuclear scientist suspected of espionage. "In the Wen Ho Lee case, there is no longer any dispute that racial profiling occurred. The issue is — was the racial profiling somehow justified? We shouldn't confuse what happened versus is what happened right? …Race was a factor and … Wen Ho Lee was singled out and became a fall guy, a scapegoat. We know that double standards were applied. We know that former CIA security officer John Deutch compromised and breached security protocols every bit as serious as what Wen Ho Lee did … and there are many of these cases, but none of them involving the U.S. government seeking life imprisonment and accusing someone of the highest form of treason. No question that race was at issue." F.B.I agents conducted nine months worth of interviews, scouring the globe for evidence that Lee leaked information on America's most sophisticated nuclear warhead, the W-88, to China. Lee was finally indicted on 59 counts though none mentioned the W-88 or spying, jailed without bail and served nine months in solitary confinement 23 hours a day, shackled whenever he left his cell, even while exercising and meeting with his lawyers. country. He also agreed to a sentence of time served, with no probation, and to undergo 60 hours of debriefing, under oath, by the government. Judge James A. Parker, a Republican appointee, declared that Lee's imprisonment had "embarrassed our entire nation and each of us who is a citizen of it." Wu emphasized the importance of the Wen Ho Lee case "because we saw Asian American activism succeed here. Asian Americans persisted. They persevered, but not by working on this by themselves … but by forming coalitions.The lesson to be learned here is that if we agitate on behalf of Wen Ho Lee, we must also do so on the 'Driving While Black' issue and the racial profiling of Arab Americans in airports. Only by doing that can we show that our actions are based on matters of principle, and not self-interest alone." Fall 2001................................................................................................................................................................................................................................7 I Didn’t Know Rahna Reiko Rizzuto Rahna Reiko Rizzuto read from and discussed the characters that populate her book, Why She Left Us (Perennial, 2000) on November 28, 2000. Sponsored by the Asian American Cultural Center, slAAm! Book Club and the Asian American Studies Institute, Rizzuto's visit gave Fe Delos-Santos a chance to hold an informal interview with the author about sharing stories, silence and the creative process. RRR: I think it's human nature. I'm sure I do it as a way of trying to figure out what is real and what isn't real. The flip side of putting yourself into your work is that a lot of times, even people who know you will read it and say, "Wow, I didn't know she was like that …" even if they know that you're not like that at all! I think what happens is — an author resonates with a certain thing that you're getting from a story and in a way, I could tell you that the book has nothing to do would say, "how could you make this person that way when the greater evil is over here?" But I've been surprised that no one has said that yet. And I think it's because the characters seem real…. I very deliberately decided that there is this central character Emi — her actions do in some way put the story into motion, but I didn't know what happened to her, and I wasn't gonna answer that question for myself. I was gonna let everybody else because that's more like life…. FDS: Did you find that people shared stories with you as they looked into their own experiences? FDS: To close, what do you most want readers of Why She Left Us to come away with? RRR: I did find in my research that people find it easier to talk to strangers. I didn't really know about the internment growing up and when I got to the point where I was gonna [sic] begin to ask questions, it became pretty clear that there was only one member in my family who was going to talk…. And I think that even as we're in the process of "breaking the silence" it still may not be possible to tell someone who knows you well because these days, you know, there's a shame. It's a victim shame that shouldn't be there. It's a feeling of "oh my god! Did I do something wrong by allowing myself to be interned?" RRR: On a very basic level, I just want them to feel like their time wasn't wasted. When I read a book, it's wonderful to be transported by a good story. I look for something new, a moment of surprise. And I think that the absolute best compliment I can give to anybody's work is — when I'm reading along and all of a sudden — something happens, and it could just be a single word choice, and where I think, "Wow! I didn't expect that, and Wow! That's absolutely the right word." So if there's anything that anyone can find like that in this book, then that's wonderful. I've talked about the issue in a lot of ways, with a lot of different people, and I personally feel that everybody tried to do the thing they thought was best. But there's a reaction when you hear about the internment — how could that possibly have happened? And the implication is — how could you have let that happen? And I think that's one of the reasons why people still don't say anything to their families. FDS: How do you feel when a reader takes a piece of the story and projects it onto the author? And talk about your role and responsibility as an artist/author in creating those images? Rahna Reiko Rizzuto with me and who I am, but in a way it's exactly me and who I am …. Silence was my story. I didn't live through the internment and ultimately, my story was — I didn't know…. I get classified as an Asian American writer mostly because the book works that way and people actually feel that it's real. And when I was writing it, I was very worried that I was going to portray the internment wrong. Because there were so many different stories. And the first and easiest story is that these hardworking, model minority people were shoved into these camps by this evil government. That was flat to me. There was no life in it, and so, my characters are very flawed. Then I worried that people Why She Left Us tells the story of three generations of a Japanese American family whose lives are tragically affected by World War II when they are interned in camps in the American West. It is also a searing yet redemptive novel about a family and its secrets — secrets that grow from fierce love and terrible fear. It illuminates the universal relationships between mothers and their children while evoking the power of history to affect individual lives. This is Rizzuto's first novel. She was born and raised in Hawaii and has a degree in astrophysics from Columbia College. Her mother and her family were interned at the Amache camp in southeastern Colorado. 8..............................................................................................................................................................................................................The Asian American Day of Remembrance Artist Roger Shimomura Roger Shimomura, Distinguished Professor of Art at the Univ. of Kansas in Lawrence, KS, was Day of Remembrance 2001's guest and artist-in-residence. The Asian American Studies Institute, in collaboration with the School of Fine Arts - Dept. of Art and Art History, and co-sponsored by the Asian American Cultural Center and the Wm. Benton Museum of Art, exhibited Shimomura's "Memories of Childhood" from January 23 to March 16, 2001; hosted the Public Lecture on February 15th at the Dodd Center; and coordinated the Performance Art Workshop held the following day at the Studio Theater. Born in Seattle, WA, Shimomura is a Sansei — a third generation Japanese American. He received his bachelor's degree in Commercial Design from the Univ. of Washington in 1961, and his Master of Fine Arts degree in Painting from Syracuse Univ. in 1969. He has had over 85 solo exhibitions in the U.S., Canada and Japan, and has won over 35 awards in group exhibitions. He has presented his experimental and performance art pieces throughout the country. He has received three NEA Fellowships in Painting and Performance Art, an NEA/Rockefeller/Warhol Foundation Fellowship in Interdisciplinary Art, and the first Kansas Artist's Fellowship to be awarded in Painting, among his many awards and distinctions. Shimomura has lectured at over 125 universities and art museums. In 1994 he was designated as one of nine University Distinguished Professors at the Univ. of Kansas. His personal papers are being collected by the Archives of American Art at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. Roger Shimomura "Memories of Childhood" comes from a book of lithographs by Shimomura. The images are derived from a series of paintings about the artist's first ten recollections of life. They show Shimomura's experiences as a child in the Minidoka concentration camp in Hunt, Idaho, during World War II. The prints are painted in bright, vivid colors, and bear a noticeably childlike perspective and captions. On closer inspection, the viewer glimpses references to barbed wire fencing and barracks style housing. Print #5, for example, shows a small boy entering the public latrines while adult male and female legs can be seen from just under the stalls, and is entitled, "The Lines to the Bathrooms were Camp Minidoka, Hunt, Idaho (from American Diary) always very long." Shimomura's Public Lecture: An American Diary was meant to highlight "two very important aspects of my work. First, issues that deal with Asian America, with a particular focus upon the internment. Also, but just as important, it's meant to show you how I've been influenced by my environment — not only my physical environment, but also the political environment — and how these things have influenced the images of my work." Working like a journey through 31 years of avid collecting and painting, two marriages and children, Fall 2001................................................................................................................................................................................................................................9 notorious neighbors and colorful colleagues, stereotypical conversations and mistaken identities, ironic commentaries and copyright infringement, Shimomura's presentation pivots on the "key to all the work that [he has] done" — his grandmother, Toku Machida Shimomura (1888 -1968). Shimomura's grandmother, a decorated Naval Red Cross nurse during the Russo-Japan War, became one of the most active Japanese American midwives and was one of the early founders of the Japanese Methodist Church in Seattle. She maintained an annual diary that would cover 56 years of her life in America. Only 37 of the diaries remain. The reason "so many of the diaries are missing," said Shimomura, is that "when the war [World War II] broke out, the FBI was investigating anyone who maintained a diary that made any sort of positive or sentimental reference to Japan and locking them up. So, my grandmother quickly perused her diaries and my mother said that she remembered seeing Grandma burning diaries that had various entries talking about how much she missed her mom in Japan or the countryside there. Diaries before 1941 were burned and when she passed away, my grandfather gave away several more to her best friends who were mentioned frequently in them. So what I have left are the 37…[which will be] donated to the Japanese American National Museum." In the 1980’s Shimomura based his "Diary Series" paintings on the translations of his grandmother's wartime diaries. He also created his first experimental theater piece called "The Seven Kabuki Plays Project" with each act performing one of the diary paintings. He revisited his grandmother's diaries to create “An American Diary” funded by the Civil Liberties Public Education Fund, created under the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, which was to "finance efforts to inform the public about the internment so as to prevent the recurrence of any similar event." At the Performance Art Workshop Shimomura directed the eight performers, who were UConn staff members, a graduate student, two Drama majors, a filmmaker and two Stafford High School students, to create a ritualistic performance around an assigned common object, that re-invents the identity of that object, thereby transforming it to a new meaning. A few members of the audience, visiting students and their teachers from East Hartford High School also performed. Shimomura became interested in performance art when he was in graduate school. "Performance art is more like painting," he has said. "I think some students will take performance art to try to overcome a certain level of bashfulness. I think that is a very courageous act…." Day of Remembrance refers to February 19, 1942, when Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, authorizing the unjust incarceration of 120,000 Japanese American civilians, two-thirds of them U.S. born American citizens, in concentration camps located in remote part of the United States during World War II. Day of Remembrance at UConn is an annual event to observe this tragic moment in American history and to educate the younger generation especially to resist all forms of injustice and exclusion. Martin Cheng, Painter and Fisherman (from Return of The Yellow Peril) 10.............................................................................................................................................................................................................The Asian American Negative Attraction: produce revenue by reaching a large audience, some films flirt explicitly with or even represent interracial coupling as a means to intrigue and entertain. When Hollywood has represented such coupling, however, EuroAmerican men tend to win the hearts of women of color, while men of color rarely develop intimate relations with Euro-American women." The Politics of Interracial Romance Floyd Cheung, Asst. Professor of English and American Studies at Smith College in Northampton, MA and Chair of the Five College Committee for Asian/Pacific/American Studies, gave the Spring Semester Guest Lecture on March 8, 2001. Dr. Cheung earned his Ph.D. in English at Tulane Univ. with his dissertation, "Kingdoms of Manly Style: Performing Chinese American Masculinity, 18651941." He has written articles on the life and works of Yung Wing, who graduated from Yale Univ. in 1847 and the first Asian Pacific American to do so from an U.S. college. Cheung's interest in the politics of interracial romance dates back to publishing first on creole love poems as reactions to quadroon balls, and now to contemplating films that feature Asian American and Euro-American pairings. Cheung arrives at the politics and rhetoric of interracial coupling by closely reading the text, images and marketing of the action romance film, The Replacement Killers, starring Asian actor Chow Yun-Fat and Academy Award-winner Mira Sorvino. "Inserting an Asian star into a U.S. film opposite a Euro-American heroine is no simple matter," asserts Cheung. In The Replacement Killers "Chow YunFat's character, John Lee, is at once invited into and excluded from multicultural American life. What I call neg- Floyd Cheung ative attraction characterizes this contradictory pairing of invitation and exclusion. In two of the most intimate scenes in the film, Mira Sorvino's character, Meg Coburn, articulates the rhetoric of negative attraction in the form of litotes — a form of understatement in which a thing is affirmed by stating the negative of its opposite. A classic example is, 'I am not unhappy to have met you.' The ways in which [John and Meg] are marketed and [how] they interact onscreen both challenge and reinscribe late 20th century institutional and societal assumptions about race and gender relations in America." After reviewing several other U.S. action romance films, Cheung said, "audiences generally expect that the lead male and female of the same racialized identification will begin as strangers but end up falling in love with each other. However, there is nothing natural about this expectation. Besides being heterosexist, these conventions work symbiotically with discourses of so-called racial purity that have held much sway in America since at least the 17th century…. The U.S. film industry helped to naturalize the assumption that heterosexual liaisons should take place only between members of the same racialized identification…. While most big budget films appeal to dominant expectations because they must Although they flirt, bond and work together to survive attacks launched against them, John and Meg "in the end does not a couple make. In an indication of the film's restrained transgressiveness, this unromantic state of affairs frustrates the expectations of attentive viewers…. Despite Meg's invitation, however qualified or indirect, John acts with self-containment, choosing to be with his family as if that family could not move to America or incorporate a EuroAmerican woman within its frame. "This displacement serves some late 20th century American interests well. While elements of the country can claim an investment in universalism and the denial of difference, they can also blamelessly withhold the full rights and privileges that accrue to its cultural citizens. Negative attraction characterizes invitation into multicultural life, but in the case of The Replacement Killers self-containment works in tandem to perpetuate the image and notion that Asian countries such as China are neither ready nor able to accept such an invitation. The U.S. allows Asians to immigrate but can they ever be truly 'American'? The U.S. hires scientists of Asian descent, but will these employees remain loyal to their countries of origin? In these all too unhypothetical cases, the onus appears to be wholly on Asians or Asian Americans. But in fact, whether they are accepted as American and whether they are trusted hinge to a large degree on residual assumptions about Asians as unassimilable aliens. That John does not kiss Meg in the end is more than disappointment or even a generic anomaly, but rather a symptom of these assumptions' enduring purchase." Fall 2001...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................11 Peace in South Asia Conference State Capitol, Hartford, CT On October 7, 2000 the Asian American Studies Institute and the Pakistani American Association of CT sponsored a one-day conference at the State Capitol Legislative Building in Hartford on Peace in South Asia. The conference highlighted the various impediments to peace in the region and explored some of the options for resolving those hurdles. Kashmir South Asia is home to almost a quarter of the world's population. Its history of political and military conflicts, nuclear testing between India and Pakistan, and the escalation of violence in Kashmir have concerned the "silent majority" of South Asian Americans who continue to hope for lasting peace. According to conference planners, "the region needs peace, stability and tolerance to prosper. Only then will the regional governments be able to address the real issues faced by the people — problems [of] hunger, disease and poverty." The impressive list of participants at the conference included: CT Senator Mary Ann Handley and U.S. Rep. John Larson; Pakistan's Ambassador to the U.S. Dr. Maleeha Lodhi; Professors Roger Buckley (UConn), Marcia Hermansen (Loyola University), Qamar-ul Huda (Boston College), Adil Najam (Boston University), and Vijay Prashad (Trinity College); former presidents of the Association of Pakistani Physicians of North America Nasim Ashraf and Arif Toor; former So. Asia Bureau Chief for the Washington Post Kenneth Cooper; Executive Director of the Kashmiri American Council Ghulam Nabi Fai; and [then] U.S. Congressman Sam Gejdenson. During a break in the proceedings, Fe Delos-Santos of the Asian American Studies Institute asked Kenneth Cooper and Ghulam Nabi Fai to summarize Kenneth Cooper their presentations. Cooper: I basically make two points about what the U.S. could do to promote peace in South Asia. It's sort of a long point of view because I don't think that the conditions are right right now for anyone to try to mediate or agree to a settlement of the Kashmir issue. I think before the world can get to that stage of dealing with that subject, there needs to be a stable, secure and democratic Pakistan. I think there are things the U.S. can do by way of exchanges to promote civil society and democratic habits in Pakistan. On the other side, what needs to happen with India, since I am convinced the reason India tested nuclear weapons is that it wanted to be respected by the world powers; that the U.S. could play a role in suggesting that India could be included on the permanent membership of the UN Security Council. [That is,] if it actually came to terms with Kashmir and sort of use that as a carrot to get India to see that if it were to be one of the world's leaders formally, it would have certain responsibilities. And the first among these would be to come to terms with Kashmir…. Ghulam Nabi Fai Nabi Fai: Basically what we are trying to do as Kashmiri Americans here in the U.S. is to create an understanding among policy makers to make sure that they are involved as honest peacebrokers in South Asia. In 1998 India and Pakistan were on the brink of a nuclear confrontation, and nuclear confrontation remains a possibility even now. And if I may say so, the underlying cause of this confrontation is nothing but the issue of Kashmir. The time has come to include the people of Kashmir in the talks. However I am afraid these talks will also fail without third party involvement — not in terms of a mediator but a facilitator. The third party does not necessarily need to be the United States. How about a person of international standing? We have suggested former U.S. president Jimmy Carter or former U.K. Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. Still another, more desirable, is former ANC president Nelson Mandela. Mandela is highly respected in India, and I truly feel that he can bring [the] Indian, Pakistani and Kashimiri leadership to the table. What we are most concerned about is the inclusion of the people of Kashmir, and Mandela's presence will be received by the Kashmiri leadership as positive. The Peace in South Asia Conference was videotaped in its entirety and the set of three videos is available in VHS format from the Pakistani American Association of CT, P.O. Box 230525, Hartford, CT 06123-0525. 12.............................................................................................................................................................................................................The Asian American Fred Ho Prize Are We Explorers? Awarded on May 6, 2001 the 2nd Biennial Fred Ho Prize selected Jennifer Keefe and Ashley Oat for distinction. Both students in Fine Arts Asst. Professor Cora Lynn Deibler's class, each also received a monetary award. Accompanying her submission, Keefe's statement read in part, "I was interested in the documents about second generation Asian American writers and … the collection of memories struck me as something very important to Asian American culture." The Chinese character for memory backgrounds a digital silhouette overlay of a strong and open Asian face, suggesting an ongoing dialogue between the present and the past. At the award ceremony, where Fred Ho performed original compositions, Oat met with Ho and Asian American Studies faculty, staff and community members. Oat's work, motivated by Ho's "Liberation Haiku" was on display and attracted the attention of George Fukui, who was the Keynote Speaker at the Ashley Oat (winning entry) “Rooted in progressive thought, Fred Ho’s work makes us think. If you let it, it will make you wonder. Above all it opens new horizons and forces us to answer the question — Are we explorers?”A Awards Banquet, sponsored by the Asian American Cultural Center. Fukui, a Nisei or 2nd generation American of Japanese ancestry and an alumnus of UConn, was interned at Topaz during World War II. Oat's statement read in part, "…the barbed wire covered wall is hidden from view but visible upon a closer look. I interpreted the poem to [suggest that] breaking American racist chains begins with acknowledging that they exist." The Fred Ho Prize is sponsored by the Asian American Studies Institute and is awarded for the most outstanding, original work by a UConn undergraduate, based upon research in the Fred Ho Collection, part of the Dodd Center's Special Collections and is open to the public. In describing Fred Ho's music and art, Institute Director Roger Buckley said that it is "rooted in progressive and radical thought…it makes us think. If you let it, it will make you wonder…. Above all, the music and art of Fred Ho opens new horizons and forces us to Jennifer Keefe (winning entry) answer the question — Are we explorers?" Faculty Accomplishments and Initiatives Highlights Roger Buckley, Professor of History Buckley continued to work on his original trilogy that explores the question of race, identity and nationality in the British Army of the 19th century through the medium of literary historical fiction. Congo Jack was published in 1997, and I, Hanuman is currently being considered for publication by HarperCollins. Buckley is nearing completion on the third volume, working title Sepoy O'Connor. He also served as Honorary Gala Committee Member for the Nisei Student Relocation Commemorative Fund 20th Anniversary on September 15, 2000 in Waltham, MA. Outreach to the public schools of CT include lecturing on Michael Dukakis (right) Roger Buckley (middle) Glenn Kumekawa (left) Fall 2001...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................13 "Writing Historical Fiction" at Windham High on January 31, 2001, and addressing issues in the African American community at Danbury High, sponsored by Black Men of Connecticut on October 19, 2000. He continues to work on a book about the human rights activist, Yuri Kochiyama. Wei Li, Asst. Professor of Geography & Asian American Studies Bandana Purkayastha, Asst. Professor of Sociology & Asian American Studies Karen Chow, Asst. Professor of English & Asian American Studies Wei Li Bandana Purkayastha Karen Chow Chow's article "Asian American Transnationalism in John Woo's 'Bullet in the Head”’ was published in Journal of Narrative Theory, 30:3 and wrote the preface for the journal LIT: Literature, Interpretation and Theory, 12:1. She also edited LIT's special issue on "Asian American Literature and Culture." She continued to serve as Book Reviews Co-Editor of MELUS, the journal of multi-ethnic literatures of the U.S. Chow taught two new courses she developed. The first covered all published works by Maxine Hong Kingston and Toni Morrison (with the exception of Tar Baby) for upper division undergraduates. She also taught a graduate seminar on Asian American Literature. At the Association for Asian American Studies (AAAS) Conference in Toronto, she presented "What's Hapa-Ning in Asian American 'Zines'" on March 30, 2001. Chow received the 2001 Women of Color Recognition Award for Outstanding Contributions to UConn and for Excellence in Leadership, Achievement and Service. Professor Li was on leave from the Storrs Campus during 2000-2001 academic year to complete field work for her National Science Foundation grant ($74,869.00) studying "Ethnic Banking & Community Development" in Los Angeles, CA and "A Comparative Study of Chinese Suburban Settlements" as a UConn Chancellor's Research Fellow. She was quoted in a Los Angeles Times article on September 13, 2000, examining why Korean American Banks are in the top ranks of SBA lending. At the AAAS Conference in Toronto, Li spoke at a roundtable, interdisciplinary discussion on "Social Scientists' Explanation of Data and Research Tools for Humanities." She also gave a paper, "Banking on Social Capital in the Era of Globalization: Chinese Ethnobanks in Los Angeles" on March 30, 2001. She completed work on two book length manuscripts, under review with Johns Hopkins Univ. Press, one entitled New Asian Immigrant Community: from Urban Enclave to Ethnic Suburb. We will miss Dr. Li's warm collegiality and wish her the very best as a new faculty member of Arizona State Univ.'s Asian Pacific American Studies Program. Purkayastha conducted interviews and prepared the quantitative database for her UConn Research Foundation grant ($7,447.00) studying "Maintaining Meaningful Connections: Transnational Processes and the New Second Generation South Asian Youth." Papers presented from this project include "Organizing 'Traditional' Events: New Second Generation Asian Indians Develop Suburban Networks" on March 30, 2001 at the AAAS Conference in Toronto; and "Sifting through Tradition: New Second Generation Asian Indians and Transnational Networks" with Chantal Krcmar and Melanie Peele at the Eastern Sociological Society Conference in Philadelphia. She published "Equality and Cumulative Disadvantage: Response to Baxter and Wright" in Gender and Society with Myra Ferree; and edited "Tagore and Science" for the Asian American Studies Institute's Occasional Papers Series. She also has several articles accepted for publication, and is at work on a book length manuscript on South Asian Youth, under consideration by a few publishers. Her Introduction to Sociology: Special Focus on Asian Americans course for Fall, 2000 was oversubscribed by at least 40 students. Nominated by Dr. Wayne Villemez, Purkayastha received the AAUP Teaching Promise Excellence Award (with Prof. Margaret Breen) on April 24, 2001 at the State Capitol Building in Hartford. 14.............................................................................................................................................................................................................The Asian American Cultural Study in Nepal In collaboration with the College of Continuing Studies at UConn, the Asian American Studies Institute sponsored a 4-week study abroad program held during the Winter Intersession, December 26, 2000 to January 18, 2001. Centered in Kathmandu, the curriculum included lectures and seminars on basic Nepali language; history of Kathmandu Valley; Hinduism; Buddhism; Nepali and Tibetan cultures; and contemporary issues in South Asia. Asian American Studies and Sociology Asst. Professor, Bandana Purkayastha served as program faculty. Usha Palaniswamy, Asst. Prof. of Allied Health & Asian American Studies Usha Palaniswamy Palaniswamy published several articles in 2000-2001: "Evaluation of Germplasm for Fruit Surface Area in Chili (Capsicum annuum L)" in Crop Res. 21:2, March 2001; "Leaf Yield and Fatty Acid Composition of Purslane (Portuluca Oleracea L) at Different Growth Stages" with RJ McAvoy and B. Bible in Journal of Trop. Agri., December 2000; "Stem Diameter: Its Importance in Breeding for Fruit Yield in Chili and Evaluation of Genetic Stock" with D.P. Singh in Intern. J. Trop. Agric. 18:4, December 2000; and "Asian Horticultural Crops and Human Dietetics" in HortScience 35:3 (2000). She also produced Purslane, a monthly publication that highlights herbs and health practices of Asian origin for the Asian American Studies Institute. continued on pg. 15 Course Offerings 2001 - 2002 Fall Semester 2001 AASI 298 or Hist 298 Japanese Americans and World War II examines the events that led to martial law after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, and the forced removal and confinement of over 100,000 persons of Japanese ancestry on the U.S. mainland after Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066. The course illuminates the wartime experiences of Japanese Americans and assesses the consequences today of those events for all Americans. AASI 274 or Engl 274 Introduction to Asian American Literature reviews novels, short stories, drama and poetry by and about Asian Americans, and use film as "text" to discuss significant cultural and historical moments for Asian Americans in different regions of the United States. The course will discuss pre-and post-1965 "waves" of Asian immigration and exclusion, and how literature explores the difficulties of dislocation and relocation. Satisfies Area 4 literature general education requirement. SOCI 222 Asian Indian Women: Activism and Social Change focuses on women of the world's largest democracies, India and the U.S., and examines how gender, class, race and ethnicity structure everyday lives of Asian Indian women in both societies and how they have mobilized to change the social context of their lives. The course also looks at historical and contemporary trends within the overlapping spheres of family and paid work. Students will hold person to person discussions and use e-mail to engage with some activists in India and the U.S. AASI 215 Special Topics: Critical Health Issues of Asian Americans addresses gender specific health problems in Asian American populations, reviews cultural issues in their health and healthcare, and discusses current trends in medical practices. AASI 298 Creative Writing Workshop: Reading and Writing in a Global Market is a writing and reading intensive course that focuses on craft, and issues of race, identity and gender. AASI 298 or Hist 270 Epics of India provides a critical review of the ancient epics, Ramayana and Mahabharata, in the context of their grip on religious, social, cultural and political thought, comparable to the influence of the Greek epics Iliad and Odyssey on western civilization. The course will also compare the recent Indian television production of Mahabharata with Peter Brook's ninehour drama. Spring Semester 2002 Asian American Writing & Film students will survey fiction and other writings by Asian American women, and read texts as representations of various sociocultural issues, including immigration, family, work, community and sexuality. Recognizing that the term "Asian American women" collapses groups of women with very different histories, cultures and languages, this course pays close attention to ways that writers' gendered and ethnic perspectives create and (re)define American urban, suburban and rural places, as well as public and private spaces such as work, home and school. AASI 216 Asian Medical Systems examines and discusses the most popular Asian medical systems, including Ayurveda and Chinese herbal medicine. Fall 2001...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................15 Honor Roll of Donors South Asian Art Shiro Aisawa Vanita Bhalla Matt Cholewa & Carolyn Ikari Don Y. Hibino John Hong Norman & Kyoko Ikari Eufronio & Norma Maderazo Lara L. Manzione Jeanette & Satoshi Oishi Shyamala & Krishnan Raman Frances M. Sheng Salvador Sirios Lakshman & Sarala Thakur Lectures Faculty Accomplishments continued from page 14 The School of Allied Health awarded Palaniswamy a twoyear, Graduate Research Assistantship for "Design and Development of Culturally-based Breast Cancer Awareness and Early Detection Educational Programs for Asian Indians" beginning in Fall, 2001. The Asian American Studies Institute continued its co-sponsorship of lectures on South Asian Art with the School of Fine Arts, Dept. of Art and Art History. On October 10, 2000 Robert Kirschbaum, Professor of Art at Trinity College in Hartford, CT lectured on the influence of India on his most recent work. He was Fulbright Senior Research Scholar at the College of Fine Arts in Karnataka Chitrakala Parishkath in Bangalore. And on December 5, 2000 Tapas Bhatt, Director of Auroville in Pondicherry, India gave a presentation on its history, philosophy and the international artists residency and exchange program. Spotlight: Welcome! Our new Administrative Assistant, Maxine Smestad-Haines, joined the Asian American Studies Institute in February, 2001. Formerly the office secretary at UConn's Cooperative Extension and an office assistant at the Center for Academic Programs before that, she brings 16 years of university experience with her to our program. We welcome her bright enthusiasm and fresh perspective, and look forward to the future with her as our colleague. Maxine Smestad-Haines Yes! I want to support the Asian American Studies Institute’s work with a contribution of: ____$500 I would like my gift to support: ____$250 ____$100 ____$50 ____Other ____Fund for Asian American Studies- Unrestricted ____Japanese American Internment Resourse Library ____Community Research Paper Series ____Scholarship/ Awards/ Prizes Please make checks payable to: UConn Fdn/Fund for Asian American Studies Mail to: Asian American Studies Institute, Unit 2091, 354 Mansfield Rd, Storrs, CT 06269-2091 Name (to appear on the honor roll)_____________________________________________________________ Address__________________________________________________________________________________ City____________________ State________________ Zip Code_________ Phone Number_______________ All donations are tax deductible to the extent allowed by law. 16.............................................................................................................................................................................................................The Asian American Asian American Studies Institute 2000-2001 Beach Hall, Rm. 416 Phone: (860) 486-4751 E-mail: asiadm01@uconnvm.uconn.edu Web Site: http://vm.uconn.edu/~asiadm01 Faculty and Staff Roger N. Buckley, Dir. & Prof. of History Karen Chow, Asst. Professor, English Fe Delos-Santos, Program Specialist Wei Li, Asst. Professor, Geography Usha Palaniswamy, Asst. Prof., Allied Health Bandana Purkayastha, Asst. Prof., Sociology Anne Theriault, Admin. Assistant 2000 Maxine Smestad-Haines, Admin. Asst. 2001 Bayanihan Philippine National Dance Company performing at Jorgensen Auditorium on Tuesday, October 30, 2001 at 8:00 p.m. photo courtesy of Jorgensen 255600 University of Connecticut Asian American Studies Institute 354 Mansfield Road, Unit-2091 Storrs, CT 06269-2091 The Asian American Studies Institute newsletter is published annually. It covers retrospectively a year of accomplishments, activities and issues for continuing investigation and debate. Contact us to receive a copy. Editor: Fe Delos-Santos Designer: Rebecca Brine