Page 1
1
BIO 211:
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I
Module 1 of 5
BONE LABS:
- STRUCTURE - CLASSIFICATION - SKELETON ORGANIZATION Dr. Lawrence G. Altman
www.lawrencegaltman.com
Some illustrations are courtesy of McGraw-Hill.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
SHORT
LONG
FLAT
STRUCTURE
&
CLASSIFICATION
a. FEMUR (thigh)
IRREGULAR
b. TARSAL (foot)
c. PARIETAL (skull)
d. VERTEBRA (backbone)
e. PATELLA (knee)
SESAMOID
(ROUND)
2
Page 2
3
STRUCTURE & CLASSIFICATION
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
LAB MANUAL
STRUCTURE & CLASSIFICATION
EPIPHYSEAL DISKS
ARTICULAR CARTILAGE (HYALINE
SPONGY BONE (RED MARROW)
(HYALINE
PROXIMAL EPIPHYSIS
SPACE OCCCUPIED by RED
BONE MARROW
COMPACT BONE
MEDULLARY CAVITY
YELLOW MARROW
DIAPHYSIS
PERIOSTEUM
TYPICAL
LONG BONE
STRUCTURES
DISTAL EPIPHYSIS
4
Page 3
5
STRUCTURE & CLASSIFICATION
COMPACT BONE
(HAVERSIAN)
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
6
*
(Volkmann’s)
STRUCTURE
&
CLASSIFICATION
* Haversian
Page 4
COMPACT BONE
LAB MANUAL
77
OSTEON
COMPACT BONE
SPONGY BONE
TRABECULAE
PERIOSTEUM
Haversian
HAVERSIAN
(Central)
(OSTEONIC)
CANAL
VOLKMANN'S
(PERFORATING)
CANAL
BLOOD
BLOODVESSELS
VESS ELS
NERVE
CANALICULUS (I)
STRUCTURE
&
CLASSIFICATION
IN LACUNA: OSTEOCYTE
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
8
Page 5
9
FLAT
SHORT
LONG
IRREGULAR
ROUND OR
SESAMOID
FLAT
EPIPHYSIS: EXPANDED ENDS OF A
DIAPHYSIS: SHAFT BETWEEN THE ENDS OF A LONG BONE.
LONG BONE
HYALINE CARTILAGE COVERS THE ARTICULAR ENDS OF A LONG BONE.
DENSE CT COMPRISES PERIOSTEUM THAT ENCLOSES BONE (EXCEPT FOR ARTICULAR ENDS).
STRUCTURE
&
CLASSIFICATION
PERIOSTEUM: OUTER COVERING OF A BONE
ENDOSTEUM: LINES HOLLOW, INTERNAL CHAMBERS
COMPACT BONE:
OSTEONS PACKED CLOSELY TOGETHER
SPONGY BONE:
LARGE SPACES BETWEEN BONY PLATES (TRABECULAE).
COMPACT BONE:
STRENGTH IN SHAFT & BONE BORDER
SPONGY BONE:
WEIGHT REDUCTION OF BONE & RED MARROW SPACE.
MEDULLARY CAVITY:
MARROW IS YELLOW
SPONGY BONE:
RED MARROW
LAB MANUAL
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
10
GENERAL
ORGANIZATION
of the
SKELETON
Page 6
GENERAL
11
ORGANIZATION
of the
SKELETON
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
12
Self-Test
Skeleton: General
http://www.bio.psu.edu/faculty/strauss/anatomy/skel/skeletal.htm
Students are responsible for all
of the material in
Exercises 11 and 12
(Laboratory Manual)
Last Plate