SYLLABUS Interpretive Writing FOR 568-501, Stephen F. Austin State University Includes IDP Module 230, National Park Service Fall 2008 Course Virtual Class Hours: Wednesday 4:00 p.m. or Thursday 11:00 a.m. Pat Stephens Williams, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Human Dimensions and Forest Recreation – Education, Interpretation, Communications, Recreation Arthur Temple College of Forestry and Agriculture Box 6109, SFA Station Stephen F. Austin State University Nacogdoches, TX 75962-6109 Phone: 936-468-2196 Fax: 936-468-2489 Email: stephensp@sfasu.edu Office Hours: Wednesday 10 – 3. Thursday 12 – 4. Phone calls and/or virtual office visits by appointment or as available. Meetings are sometimes scheduled across these hours beyond my control. If so, I will return your call at the earliest available time. Course Description: Interpretive writing provides the opportunity to strengthen public understanding and appreciation of natural and cultural resource issues, themes and values through text or a combination of text and other media. To produce quality interpretive writing, interpreters must develop their skills and knowledge as writers. Good interpretive writing provides memorable images and ideas that facilitate audience connections to the meanings and significance inherent in and assigned to the resource. It engages readers intellectually and emotionally. This course provides an overview of the writing and writing process relative to the interpretive genre, an examination of the characteristics of good writing, and skill development in essential techniques of interpretive writing for multiple audiences and purposes. In addition, as part of the course, the philosophy and techniques, the curriculum and training, and the certification review process of the NPS Interpretive Development Program (IDP) are explored and utilized as one tool to approach the interpretive writing process. 1 SYLLABUS Course Objectives: 1. To expose students to the depth and breadth of natural and cultural resource interpretive writing; 2. To provide the opportunity for students to develop and improve skills and techniques related to interpretive writing; 3. To provide experience in authentic learning opportunities concerning natural and cultural interpretive communications; 4. To provide experience in a writing workshop community; and 5. To provide students with the opportunity to experiment in narrative creative non-fiction writing, writing for the public, and writing for technology transfer. Learning Outcomes: Upon completion of the course, students will be able to: 1. Discuss the writing concepts present in the genre of interpretive writing through time. 2. Discuss their personal writing strengths and writing techniques to increase their strengths and abilities as professional writers. 3. Determine writing approaches appropriate to the audience, purpose, and venue. 4. Demonstrate an understanding of writing basics in both fiction and non-fiction approaches, including development, mechanics, style, and revision. 5. Demonstrate an understanding of interpretive writing methods and techniques, including such examples as logical explanation, word pictures, metaphors, character and dialogue, and storytelling. 6. Analyze interpretive writing using the Interpretive Development Program’s Analysis Model. 7. Create interpretive writing using the Interpretive Development Program’s Process Model. Course Texts: Bradbury, Ray. (1992 Reissue). Zen in the art of writing. New York: Bantam Dell Publishing (division of Random House). Finch, Robert and J. Elder, ed. (2002) The Norton book of nature writing. New York: W.W. Norton and Company. 2 SYLLABUS Goldberg, Natalie. (1986). Writing down the bones. Boston: Shambhala. Marius, Richard. (1999). A writer’s companion, 4th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill. Recommended but not required: American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manual of the American psychological association, (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. Peterson, David. (2001). Writing naturally: A down-to-earth guide to nature writing. Boulder, CO: Johnson Books. (several readings are available in the WebCt site) Course Content Modules Course Content Learning Modules will be available throughout the semester as the need arises for special additional content. These modules serve as a lecture alternative to support the weekly discussions, your needed knowledge base, and your assignments execution. Availability and assignment will be posted on the course homepage. Course Technology: Computer Hardware. SFA has established the following minimum hardware requirements for enrolling in a web-based distance education class. To be successful in your graduate studies and to enjoy your masters degree experience, please ensure that your computer system meets these minimum requirements: Operating System Processor Memory Hard Drive Space Modem CD-ROM Sound Card Monitor Windows '95, '98, 2000, NT, XP or a Macintosh with System 8.1 or higher 600 MHz or higher 64 MB of RAM 100 MB free disk space 56 kbps or higher speed Required Required 15" monitor (800 x 600 resolution) Computer Software. SFA has also established minimum software requirements for enrolling in a web-based distance education class. Please adhere to these minimum requirements: 3 SYLLABUS Internet Access Browser Any Internet Service Provider (ISP) E-Mail Client SFA e-mail account (mySFA), Hotmail, Yahoo, or any other e-mail service (Webbased recommended but not required). Internet Explorer 5.01 to 6.0, except 5.5 Service Pack 1 (PC) Internet Explorer 5.0 (Mac OS 9.x) Internet Explorer 5.1 (Mac OS 10.1) Netscape Communicator 4.76, 6.2.1, 6.2.2, 6.2.3, 7.02 (PC and Mac) (All other versions of Netscape 6.0 are NOT supported. Note: Mac users have experienced some problems with Netscape Communicator 7.02). AOL 7.0. SFA recommends that AOL users use either Internet Explorer or Netscape browsers after gaining access through AOL. Miscellaneous Software Requirements. Streaming Download the latest version of RealPlayer at: www.realplayer.com. Audio and Download the latest version of Real Producer at: Video http://oit.sfasu.edu/soft/web.html. Download the latest version of Apple Quick Time at: http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/ PDF Download the latest version of Adobe Reader at: www.adobe.com. Reader PowerPoi Download a free PowerPoint viewer at: nt Viewer http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=D164 9C22-B51F-4910-93FC-4CF2832D3342&displaylang=en Pop-Up Please note: If ad or pop-up blocker software (Pop-Up Stopper, Blocker Pop-Up Defender, Pop-Up Zapper, etc.) is activated, it will hinder the use of WebCT’s quiz/survey and chat tools. Each time you start your computer you must disable the blocker program before working in WebCT with the quiz/survey and/or chat tools. Personal firewalls must be disabled when working in WebCT as they will hinder the transfer of “cookies” (i.e., info transferred from server to server). WebCT, the distance education software used at Stephen F. Austin State University, operates on an internet-based system. WebCT only recognizes three types of files: HTML, JPEG and GIF. Therefore, students must use HTML (or webpage) software for all their assignments. Mozilla is recommended. This software program provides a “what you see is what you get” environment for developing HTML documents. It also makes extensive use of buttons and pull-down menus much like standard word processing 4 SYLLABUS programs. Finally, it has a much quicker learning curve since it does not require knowledge of HTML code. After installing either Mozilla or Internet Explorer, you MUST ensure that Java and JavaScript have been enabled for your browser and that your cache is set to reload every time. Failure to enable Java and JavaScript will cause problems with logging on and with chatting. Failure to set cache to reload every time will result in not being able to see items (i.e., assignments, discussion board postings) as they are posted to the course. For more information, please refer to the WebCT User Guide prepared by SFA’s Office of Instructional Technology [Available online: http://www.oit.sfasu.edu/webct/Access_Orient.htm Words of Wisdom: Disable your pop-up blocker while working in WebCt. Call OIT whenever you need to for technical support and cannot solve the situation through the online tutor – they are there for you! www.oit.sfasu.edu or (936) 468-1818 If you are on dial-up, go to a friend’s, a cyber café, anyplace where you can access a high-speed connection, to download supplementary readings, video clips, or audio files – trying to get these files on dial-up will cause extreme frustration! Course Requirements: Class Participation: This is a graduate course in resource interpretation. As such, it requires students to assume responsibility for analyzing class readings and other course content, identifying the implications for interpretive program development, and applying those insights to class discussions and assignments. Because this is a graduate level course it differs from undergraduate course format. As graduate students you will be expected to participate as professionals in the field, meaning that your opinions will be expected and valued. In addition, the class format is based on a workshop/seminar design. In a writing workshop, writers read other writers for inspiration, technique, style, and discussion; work on pieces for practice and submission for peer review; and participate in the peer review process by careful and close reading of other classmates’ work. 8 5 SYLLABUS Class participation includes, but is not limited to: Becoming familiar with and using WebCT (Mycourses) as the primary course delivery mechanism. Completing assigned readings. Completing and participating in assigned writings. Participating in online seminar discussions. Reading and responding to professional and student writing. Working with peers (in pairs or small groups) to complete assignments as required. Providing peer review comments for drafts of classmates’ projects. Submitting assignments online. Participating in instructor/student conferences. Readings: Course readings are taken from the assigned texts and a variety of supplemental readings. All supplemental readings are available in the texts or in PDF format in the WebCt (myCourses) site. The Course Schedule provides an outline of required course readings. Please feel free to provide additional resources as the need and occasion arises. Journal Entries: As a writer, you will keep a writing and response journal for this class. Students often state at the end of class that they wish they had more opportunity to experiment and practice writing, in addition to reading other writers. A good writer reads other writers and a good writer writes frequently. Hopefully, this will become a lifelong habit to provide a place for you to respond to readings, store quotes and comments, practice technique and style, and keep notes about observations for you to use in your writing. It is very important that you feel comfortable that this is a project to serve you, not to please me. You may keep your writing journal in whatever way best serves your inspiration and thought – for instance a three ring binder, or using colored pens, etc. However, because it is necessary to have content to count towards your grade, you are required to post your reading responses to your Journal on WebCT (myCourses) on a weekly basis. These will need to be posted by noon on Monday. You can access your journal through the Reading Response icon on the homepage or the Discussion listed on the left side of the course page. They both go to the same place! In addition, your journal has been set up so that other students in the class can view your work and you can view theirs. Please do this on a regular basis in order to be prepared for discussion in class. 6 SYLLABUS Remember, although these journal entries do count towards your grade (and I will let you know if you are or are not reaching the expectation), the writing is for YOUR benefit. The more you write, the better you get to know yourself as a writer, experiment with new techniques, and gain practice. I WILL read everything you write, but I will not judge, comment, or intrude upon these places that are your and your classmates’ FREE spaces. Workshop/Seminar/Discussion: Each week students participate in an online seminar. You are only required to attend one session per week at either 4:00 on Wednesdays or 11:00 on Thursdays Central time. Keep track of the announcements and email for any changes in the virtual schedule due to professional commitments. On your WebCT page you will click on Chat, then the Common Room. These virtual meetings focus on topics related to the week’s readings, assignments, or on in-class prompted writings. Transcripts of the seminar discussion sessions are posted on the course discussion webpage. You may want to read the transcripts from the session you do not attend. Preparation for seminar discussions includes (1) writing thoughtful, insightful responses to readings, (2) posting them in your Journal, and (3) reviewing the postings other students have made. From time to time, you will be asked to write readings responses to student writings. Assignments: Submitting Assignments Assignments will be submitted through WebCT(myCourses). The specific process for submitting assignments is as follows: Prepare assignments and upload or paste through the Assignments. Assignments are due by the date and time indicated in the syllabus. Analysis Model Assignments Due: Heinrich Essay, Monday, September 29 Logan Essay, Monday, October 6 As one of the beginning courses in this program, part of the purpose of this class is to give you experience with one model of designing and evaluating interpretive products. Interpretation can be defined as linking a tangible resource to its intangible meanings using an appropriate method. Good teachers are good interpreters. Good preachers are good interpreters. Good writers are good interpreters. Effective interpretation does not necessarily 7 SYLLABUS require an understanding of the concepts and craft of interpretation. The Analysis Model assignments allow you to examine two pieces of nature writing using the National Park Service’s IDP’s Analysis Model process. The first text is an essay about lycopods by author Bernd Heinrich entitled “Getting by on Less.” The second text is an essay about dung beetles by author William Bryant Logan entitled “The Dung Beetle.” To complete this project, for each piece you will: Analyze the text using the Analysis Model. Complete an Analysis Model Worksheet. Determine whether, in your own opinion, the piece demonstrates the certification standards outlined in the IDP Module 230 rubric. 1) Successful in creating opportunities for the readers to form their own intellectual and emotional connections with meanings/significance inherent in the resource, AND 2) Appropriate for the audience, and provides a clear focus for their connection with the resources(s) by demonstrating the cohesive development of a relevant idea or ideas, rather than relying primarily on chronological narrative or a series of related facts. Reflect upon what worked in the piece, what didn’t work and why, and how the piece could be improved and/or made more interpretive. In reflecting on the piece, students will assume the role of a reviewer who has been asked to take a critical look at the piece and offer a positive assessment of the piece’s strengths as well as constructive suggestions for interpretive improvement. For each text, students will submit: 1. A completed analysis model worksheet, 2. A 2-3 paragraph statement outlining the ways in which the piece did or did not demonstrate IDP Module 230 certification standards, and 3. A more personalized set of review comments and suggestions for interpretive improvement. 8 SYLLABUS Process Model Assignments Due: Site Bulletin, Monday, November 17 Radio Essay, Monday, November 24 Over the 20th and 21st centuries, the United States has referred to itself as a “melting pot” of cultures to provide a conceptual image of the melding of those cultures into a homogenous society. More recently the term has changed to a “tossed salad” to reflect the recognition of the differences and similarities of the multiple cultures that make up the American experience. How do we portray these dissimilar experiences and histories through interpretation? Or, more broadly, how should interpreters address the topics associated with the sense of alternative American experiences and the sense “other”? This assignment requires students to wrestle with these questions and to produce two interpretive products that reveal, in part, their answers to these questions. The complexities involved with the exploration of the sense of “other” will be discussed in class and, at times, may make us feel uncomfortable as we try to understand and push beyond our comfortable margins. The posted readings to help with this exploration deal predominantly with the African-American cultures and histories to work towards an understanding of how to accurately and effectively represent the multiple viewpoints of history and experiences. This is a starting point. Each of you will bring at least one piece dealing with “other” to add to the resources. Specifically, in this assignment students will develop: Develop an interpretive writing piece suitable for publication in a site bulletin (approximately 1000-1500 words), and Develop and record in an audio file a “radio essay” suitable for broadcasting on a public radio station (i.e., 3-4 minutes in length, approximately 500-700 words). The radio essay should be drawn from a subset of the site bulletin content, but adapted to suit the specific genre. The site bulletin and the radio essay must use the IDP Process Model in the product development. For both pieces of the assignment, you must submit the text of the site bulletin or radio essay as an electronic file accompanied by a completed Process Model Worksheet. For the radio essay assignment, you must also submit a digital recording of you reading your radio essay. Use Real Producer to record your product. 9 SYLLABUS Because interpreters are more familiar with site bulletins than radio essays, it may be helpful to consider Philip Gerard’s observations regarding this emerging genre: “Radio is a strangely intimate medium. You speak into the microphone as if you are talking to one person who is listening intently, rather than to some generalized, anonymous audience. This genre is relatively new and is no longer confined to public radio…Its succinctness and the possibilities for the pure sound of language have proved especially appealing for poets. Writing ‘out loud’ can teach a writer word-discipline and the nuances of spoken—compared to written—narration. You get used to reading your work out loud, and the ear picks up awkward phrases, lapses in sense, and rocky transitions that your eye alone would never recognize…And there is an immediacy to the spoken word that seems to spark reaction and reply rather than simple reflection. You shoot an arrow out into the world, and if it hits home, you’ll know it” (Creative Nonfiction, pp. 109111). Module 230 Product Submission & Peer Review Due: Draft #1 Submitted for Peer Review, Monday, October 13 Draft #1 Peer Review Comments, Monday, October 20 Draft #2 Submitted for Peer Review, Monday, November 3 Draft #2 Peer Review Comments, Monday, November 10 Module 230 Final Product Submission for Class Grade, Friday, December 5 Module 230 Final Product Submission for NPS Certification, February 16 The final project consists of two parts: You will prepare an interpretive writing piece that may be submitted to the National Park Service’s IDP certification review process. If you choose to submit, the piece will be evaluated by IDP certifiers based on the Module 230 rubric. If you have already submitted a writing product for IDP certification review and that product demonstrated certification standards, it will not be necessary to resubmit a writing product to the NPS for review, HOWEVER, you will be expected to submit a product for this class. As a part of drafting, reviewing, and revising the submission, you will use the Analysis Model and peer review criteria to prepare written and verbal feedback for two products written by your classmates. To complete each peer review, you will submit your peer review comments to your review 10 SYLLABUS partner(s) via email, copy the peer review comments to me via email, and arrange a phone call with your review partner(s) to discuss their comments. The final project allows you to engage in a writing process that involves (1) drafting, (2) feedback from peer reviewers, and (2) revision. Please remember, no piece is ever “perfect” or “finished,” including products that have demonstrated certification standards. Also remember that certification standards of the NPS module look ONLY for a cohesive idea and opportunities for intellectual and emotional connections by the reader. Therefore, you will need to tailor your final piece towards that rubric if you are planning to submit. For the purpose of this class, we will also expect accuracy of content, virtually free from errors, and style choices that enhance the content of your piece. If you choose to submit to NPS IDP Certification review, you MUST include all associated paperwork with the submission. Be sure and review the submission guidelines for this module and complete them before sending the product and paperwork to Mary Ramos for forwarding to the NPS. Incomplete submissions will not be forwarded to the NPS. Do NOT submit to the NPS yourself. Conferences: Regardless that this is a workshop format, at least once in the semester you may be required to participate in a phone conference with me regarding your work. Mid-semester we may “meet” to discuss material relevant to this course. Towards the end of the semester we can meet to move you towards thinking about technology transfer and a potential research project to satisfy your thesis requirement for the degree. This gives us an opportunity for you to have my undivided attention to discuss your writing and your future project. Grading: Class Participation 150 points Journal Entries 150 Impromptu Writing Assignments Analysis Model Assignments (2 @ 100 pts each) 50 200 Process Model Assignments Interpretive Writing/Site Bulletin (100 pts) Radio Essay (100 pts) 200 11 SYLLABUS Module 230 Submission Peer Review of Classmate’s Module 230 Submission (2 @ 25 pts) Module 230 Product Submission (200 pts) Total 250 1000 points All assignments must be submitted in order to receive a passing grade in the class!!!! Grades will be assigned according to the following scale: 1000 - 930 points = A 929 - 860 points = B 859 -780 points = C 779 – 710 points = D 709 and under = F Social Justice: Stephen F. Austin State University and the Arthur Temple College of Forestry are committed to social justice. Every effort will be made to assure a positive learning environment based upon open communication, honest expression of ideas, and mutual respect. Tolerance for divergent backgrounds and ideas will be strongly encouraged, whether based on race, ethnic origin, gender, physical challenge, age, or religion. Suggestions to help foster an environment of academic freedom and social justice are welcome. Professional Ethics Statement Students in the graduate program are considered to be professionals, as well as students, and we expect that you will reflect professionalism in your work. As representatives of Stephen F. Austin and members of the graduate program of the Arthur Temple College of Forestry, you are held to the responsibility to conduct yourselves, your academic work, and your research in a professional and ethical way. This means that you abide by the rules of conduct stated in the student handbook, agree to a no cheating and no plagiarism policy, and follow the guidelines for ethical research set forth by the university. Cheating and plagiarism are serious offenses and will be treated as such. Cheating can be defined as unethical use of another’s information to complete an assignment or test. Plagiarism can be defined as using someone else’s words or ideas without giving proper credit for their use. Be sure to cite your sources if in doubt. Behavior related to cheating or plagiarism may cause immediate failure of the course, and/or, at the very most, cause academic expulsion from the program. 12 SYLLABUS Course Schedule: Topics may be adjusted at the discretion of the instructor according to the needs of the class. Schedule may be adjusted as needed. Review Content Modules as Assigned on Homepage Text – Assigned Course Text Seq. Week 1 Rdg – Virtual Reading Topics/Agenda Aug. 25 Sep. 29 Introductions, Course Overview POST YOUR DEFINITION OF INTERPRETATION IN THE DISCUSSION BY AUG 29 YOUR INTRODUCTION DUE BY SEPT 2 2 Sep. 1 - 5 What is Interpretive Writing Norton – Chron. Readings – THIS week for Discussion NEXT week Syllabus Module 230 Audio File on Course Ueland-Everybody is Talented, Rdg Murray, Workshopping, Rdg Norton: Crevecoeur – Letters; Meriwether Lewis – The Journals Begin Reading Writing Down the Bones for Discussion Week 14 Peterson-Journaling Life’s Journeys, Rdg Marius, Chp 1, Text Norton: Catlin; Emerson – From Nature; Thoreau - Journals 3 Sep. 8-12 Crafting Interpretive Writing, Gerard, pp. 112-135, Rdg Creative Writing Techniques Peterson-The Essay, Rdg Marius, Chp 3, Text Peterson-Doing it With Style, Rdg Norton: Muir-A Wind-Storm; Porter-Moths of the Limberlost; Standing Bear – Nature 13 SYLLABUS 4 Sep. 15 - 19 Crafting Interpretive Writing Peterson, A College Writing ShortCourse, Rdg Analysis Model Marius, Chp. 2, Text Logan-The Dung Beetle, Rdg Heinrich-Getting By on Less, Rdg Norton: Leopold; E.B. White; R. Carsen 5 Sep. 22 - 26 6 Sep. 29 – Oct. 3 Interpreting Alternative Histories and Experiences Stokes Brown-Transcribing, Rdg Galt-Keeping Track of Years, Rdg Norton: Wright; Stegner – Glen Canyon; Zehr-Writing for the Public, Rdg Writing for the Public Biven – Ch 7, Newsletters, Discussion Leaders May Be Magazines, and Feature Writing Assigned – Human Dimensions of Natural Resources Conference Norton: Haines; Zwinger; Matthiessen – The Tree ANALYSIS MODEL #1 DUE MONDAY 7 Oct. 6 - 10 Sense of “Other” Analyzing Interpretive Writing Peterson-Research, Rdg Norton: Le Guin; Edward O. Wilson; McPhee ANALYSIS MODEL #2 DUE MONDAY 8 Oct. 13 - 17 Sense of “Other” Analyzing Interpretive Writing Peterson, Re-Vision, Rdg Norton: Momaday; Bruchac; Alice Walker Discussion Leaders May Be Assigned – NAAEE Conference MODULE 230 PRODUCT SUBMISSION DRAFT #1 DUE MONDAY 9 Oct. 20 - 24 The “Other” Experience Farnsworth, pp. 145-158, Rdg PEER REVIEW DRAFT #1 DUE MONDAY Galt-Migration, Technology, and Social Change, Rdg Foner, Expert Testimony, pp. 1-23, Rdg 14 SYLLABUS Goodheart, pp. 36-43, 94, Rdg 10 Oct 27 – 31 Crafting Interpretive Writing Marius, Appendix 2, Text Process Model Murray, Chp 4 & 5, Rdg Norton: Erlich; Kincaid; D. Duncan 11 Nov. 3 - 7 Crafting Interpretive Writing Marius, Chp 4, Text Discussion Leaders May Be Assigned – SAF Conference MODULE 230 PRODUCT SUBMISSION DRAFT #2 DUE MONDAY Bivens – Ch 8, Brochures and Other Information Pieces Bivens – Ch 11, Television and Radio Norton: Nabhan; Erdrich; Masumoto 12 Nov. 10 - 14 Thinking About Research and Technology Transfer Discussion Leaders May Be Assigned – NAI Conference PEER REVIEW DRAFT #2 DUE MONDAY 13 14 Nov. 17 - 21 Nov. 24 - 28 Dec. 1 - 5 Bradbury – Zen in the Art of Writing for Discussion Week 14 Norton: McKibben Crafting Interpretive Writing Marius, Chp 5, 6 & 7, Text PROCESS MODEL #1 DUE MONDAY – SITE BULLETIN Norton: Reader’s Choice Writing Down the Bones Murray, Chp 6 & 7, Rdg Zen in the Art of Writing Readings and Writings as Assigned PROCESS MODEL #2 DUE MONDAY – RADIO ESSAY 15 Peterson – Research, Rdg Interpretive Writing Best Practices & Review Challenges NO CLASS, SFA THANKSGIVING BREAK Readings and Writings as Assigned MODULE 230 PRODUCT SUBMISSION FINAL DRAFT FOR COURSE GRADE DUE FRIDAY Dec. 8 - 12 EXAM WEEK NO CLASS SUBMISSION FINAL VERSION (& FORM) DUE FEBRUARY 16 15 SYLLABUS SEMINAR DISCUSSIONS HELD ON WEDNESDAYS AT 4:00 P.M. AND THURSDAYS AT 11:00 P.M. (CENTRAL) 16