The Slave Trade.
Evidence of local and regional links to the Transatlantic Slave Trade and the abolitionist movement.
This selection of examples has been created with teaching in Bradford in mind. It contains a selection of local and regional links to the Slave Trade for use in
lessons.
Rationale
The new National Curriculum for History has made the teaching of the Slave Trade a compulsory element. At the same time there are other developments
to the curriculum which can be related to the issue of Slavery and / or the abolition movement.
Cultural Diversity: a study of the Slave Trade within a localised context can illustrate the way in which the population of an area changed over time and in
many areas will enable analysis of the long term reasons for the development of a multicultural society. Whilst this clearly isn’t restricted to the Slave Trade,
there are many links between it and migration from other areas. For example, in Bradford, traders from Europe moved into the area to take advantage of
the growing Woollen Trade. The Wool Trade itself having some links with the Slave Trade and many links with port cities that had major links with Slavery.
Such developments can be compared with the reasons for later migration to the area.
Community participation: for many pupils the Slave Trade can appear to be totally unrelated to them, their families or the locality in which they live.
Making use of examples from the town / city in which they live, along with a range of wider regional examples, helps to make it clear to pupils that it was
not only a trade that affected large port cities in the country but one which had long lasting and significant consequences on trade, economics and politics
across the country. Using references to locals who were involved in the Trade (or abolitionist movement) opens up a number of possibilities. Firstly, it
enables the involvement of the local archives and / or newspapers. Where records can be found online, as is the case with all of the following examples,
there will be documentary or physical evidence in the form of plaques / memorials of these involvements. This allows teachers and pupils to bring experts
from outside school into the classroom and has the potential to enable students to make use of artefacts and / or primary documents from the time. At
worst, contacting the relevant archive will enable the use of facsimile copies of documents relevant to the local area. It also enables community
participation. Many of the organisations that opposed the Slave Trade in the 19th century are still in existence. For example, local churches may have sent a
petition to Parliament calling for the abolition of the Slave Trade. Ministers in these churches may be able to access original minutes of these meetings, and
will almost certainly be willing to involve themselves or members of their congregation in activities relating to the ethical reasons for opposing Slavery then,
and in the modern world.
Local History: The Slave Trade had an economic impact on many parts of the country. In many areas it is possible to see where and how areas were affected
by Slavery. The political impact of Slavery ought not to be ignored. In many areas there was an open debate about the rights and wrings of Slavery and
there are documents pertaining to both sides of the Slavery argument available for many areas. In Bradford and West Yorkshire it is easy to make links
between a resurgent anti-Slavery movement and the development of radical politics in the area. It is also possible to look at the development of religious
movements in the area and the varied attitudes to Slavery that these organisations had.
Critical Thinking: The examples that I have included in the following evidence table provide a range of opportunities for activities that develop pupils
thinking skills. On a simple level this can be through use of effective questioning. For example, asking pupils to consider why Bradford merchants are
campaigning against Slavery AFTER it has been abolished throughout the whole of the British Empire. This provides an opportunity t place Slavery and Trade
within a wider International context and should lead to them realising that it wasn’t just the British who were engaged in the Transatlantic Slave Trade.
Note: The protests following abolition were aimed at American trade partners who still held Slaves. There were also traders who continued to trade in
Slaves, but outside of the British Empire: Brazil being one such destination for Slaves following the acts of 1807 and 1833.
Date
Roman
Britain
AngloSaxon
Type of link
Summary and evidence link
“Some slaves were encouraged by their masters to learn a trade; one such slave became a goldsmith and dedicated an altar at
Norton in Yorkshire.” Evidence link
Slavery:
National Context
There is a description of Slavery in the Anglo-Saxon period in, "A History of Yorkshire
from Bulmer's Gazetteer (1892)."
The Saxons called the native Britons, 'wealas', which meant foreigner or slave, from this derogatory term Cymru became Wales.
Evidence link
14th
century
1503
1562
1618
1630’s
1656
1660
1672
1697
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Slavery:
International
Context
Slavery:
National context
Slavery:
National context
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
National Context
Slavery:
National Context
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
“an English slave and his family were sold for 13s. 4d”
Evidence link
The first African Slaves are transported to the Americas by Spanish traders.
Evidence link
John Hawkins first voyage to Sierra Leone.
The Guinea Company The Guinea Company ‘Company of adventurers of London trading to the ports of Africa’ was incorporated and
became the first private company to colonize Africa for profit.
Evidence link
Members of the Batt family (of Oakwell Hall) move to the New World to make their fortune. They become plantation owners. In
1782 one of the family’s slaves became the first recorded Black person to be baptised in the region. Evidence link
Rev. Zechariah Symmes, an early settler in the new world wrote: "Much ado I have with my own family, hard to get a servant glad of
catechising or family duties. I had a rare blessing of servants in Yorkshire and those I brought over were a blessing, but the young
brood doth much afflict me." He is referring to the negro slaves that his family now had. Evidence link
Company of Royal Adventurers Trading to Africa was created 1660, and re-founded in 1663, by Prince Rupert and James, Duke of
York, to meet the colonists’ labour needs. King Charles II encouraged the expansion of the slave trade, by granting a charter, and
investing private funds. It collapsed in 1667
Evidence link
Royal African Company established.
Evidence link
A list of debts of Captains George and Henry Beale, of Bradford, include a ‘Negro girl’ valued at £28 and ‘four negroes’ at Montserrat,
valued at £30.
Evidence link
17131717
17201772
1750
1750
17441786
1756
1772
1772
17721778
1773
1774
1775
1782
1783
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
African Dimension
Slavery:
INDIRECT local
link
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
INDIRECT local
link
Slavery:
National context
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
National Context
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
Henry Lascelles had a share in 21 slave ships and was partly responsible for the trading of thousands of human beings.(Harewood
House)
Evidence link
Diary of John Woolman. Woolman travelled extensively through North America and recorded his thoughts about and experiences of
Slavery. In later life he travelled throughout Yorkshire giving talks about what he had seen in Slave run plantations etc.
Evidence link
Francis Barber is brought from Jamaica as a Slave. He spends a year in a Yorkshire school before being sent to London to become the
valet to Dr Samuel Johnson. Evidence link
King Tegbesu estimated to have an annual income in the region of £250000 from the sale of Africans to SlaveTraders.
Evidence link
Liverpool shipping documents include references to ships related to the Wool Trade.
Evidence link.
Evidence link (Wool Registers Act section)
The “Cannon Hall” is purchased by the Spencer family. It takes Slaves to Antigua and returns to Europe with a cargo of cheap Slaves
to sell in France. (Cannon Hall is in Barnsley, the Spencer family originate from Horsforth)
Evidence link.
The Canal systems built during the Industrial Revolution enabled the expansion of triangular trade, including export of goods such as
Wool. Also imports of goods from enslaved areas.
Evidence link 1
The Somerset Case is heard in London.
John Woolman, a Quaker who had moved to York to preach about the horrors of Slavery, dies.
Evidence link
Robert Foster, who later inherited Hebblethwaite Hall, Sedbergh, Yorkshire, visits all of the British West Indies isles except Jamaica.
He also fights against the French whilst on board Royal Navy vessels. He later campaigns on behalf of William Wilberforce in election
campaigns. Evidence link
Robert Walker, a Quaker from Gildersome, travels to America. He later reports to Parliament on conditions Slaves endured. His
death was discussed at a meeting of Yorkshire Quakers in Bradford in March, 1786.
Evidence link
John Wesley publishes his denunciation of the Slave Trade.
The Spencer family fortune is inherited by Walter Spencer. He is a friend of William Wilberforce and actively campaigns for the
abolition of the Slave Trade.
Evidence link
First record of an African being Baptised in the region:
“Baptised 2nd November 1782 Daniel Whitley an Ethiopian by birth from the coast of Guinea, living with Richard Henry Beaumont at
Whitley Hall.”
Evidence link
Christopher Fredrick Triebner makes a claim for Slave losses incurred at the hands of American Loyalists. Triebner is a preacher of
1783
17841833
1787
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
National Context
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
1788
1789
1790
1791
1791
1792
1793
1801
1802
1807
1807
1809
1819
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
National context
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
German descent who preached in Hull. In died in Leeds in1815. Evidence link
The Zong Case is heard in London.
William Wilberforce, MP for Hull, leads the campaign for the abolition of Slavery.
Evidence link
By 1787 the Lascelles family had a financial involvement in 47 plantations across the whole of the West Indies.
Evidence link
Dolben Act. Introduces regulations for Slave Trading ships. Minimum requirements introduced relating to conditions on board.
Evidence link
Sheet metal workers from Sheffield petition Parliament calling for the abolition of Slavery. This is a particularly brave move on their
part, as much of the produce they manufacture is exported to plantations – so abolition could affect their own livelihoods. Evidence
link
Olaudah Equiano visits Sheffield and speaks about his experiences as a Slave. Evidence Link
William Black, a migrant from Yorkshire to Nova Scotia, is appointed as a Methodist Preacher. He preaches to Black Loyalist
congregations about freedom. Evidence link
Susannah Atkinson writes to Gustavus Vassa (Olaudo Equiano) on 29 March 1791 to apologise for the treatment he received in
Huddersfield. Evidence Link
The Leeds Intelligencer reported on 5 March 1792 that the city's inhabitants wondered how African converts could be won when
they suffered 'the cruelty and injustice of those Christian States who are the authors of their present misery'.
Evidence link
8000 people sign a petition from the people of Sheffield calling for an end to the Slave Trade. Evidence link
Edward Baines purchases the Leeds Mercury. This newspaper is one of the region’s leading media opponents of the Slave Trade in
the coming years. Evidence link
West India Quay, in Docklands, London, is opened. It was described on its opening as being, ““the largest feat of civil engineering
since the building of the pyramids.”
Evidence link
Henry Lascelles, 2nd Earl of Harewood, stands for Parliament against William Wilberforce (he fails to gain election and Slavery is the
main campaigning issue).
Evidence link
Parliament passes an act prohibiting the importation of Slaves.
James Montgomery, of Sheffield, publishes his poem, “The West Indies.” Poem is included in the information in the Evidence link
Skelmanthorpe Flag. This flag was a protest banner that was created at some stage between the Peterloo massacre and the Great
Reform Act. It’s bottom right quadrant includes a kneeling slave and the line "Am I not a Man and Brother"
REGIONAL links
1822Slavery:
1832
DIRECT local link
1823
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
1824
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
1825
Slavery:
(circa)
DIRECT local link
1830
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
th
7 June
Slavery:
1830
DIRECT local link
th
12
Slavery:
November DIRECT local link
1830
15th
November
1830
November
1830
1830
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Evidence link
Soldiers from the 33rd Regiment of Foot (West Yorkshire, Duke of Wellington’s Regiment) were stationed in Jamaica. 42 of these
local men chose not to return to England at the end of the posting. Evidence Link
Mary Skelton of Little Horton leaves her share in ‘Yorkshire House’ along with its negroes and Slaves to her 3 sons.
Evidence link.
Sheffield Society for Abolition of Slavery founded. Evidence link
Ira Aldridge, the first classical black stage actor in the UK marries Margaret Gill of Yorkshire. Evidence link
Lecture on the substance of British Colonial Slavery given by Benjamin Godwin.
Evidence link (Page 318)
Petitions to the House of Lords calling for the immediate end of Slavery were heard from: The inhabitants of Bradford; Thornton and
Clayton; Shipley; the Freeholders of Wilsden cum Allerton; Bowling; Horton and North Bierley.
Evidence link.
Petitions sent to the Lords from:
Wesleyan Methodist Chapel at Eccleshill, Eastbrook Chapel in Bradford
Evidence link
Petitions sent to the Lords from:
Methodist Chapel, Skipton
Inhabitants of the Township of Rawden
Petitions sent to the Lords from:
Members of a Society and Congregation of Wesleyan Methodists worshipping God at their Chapel, Bradford Moor, Wesleyan
Methodists worshipping at Calverley, Morton Banks Chapel,
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Similar petition sent to the house of Lords from Queenshead Chapel, Bradford.
Evidence link
Slavery:
COMPARISON with local
conditions
YORKSHIRE SLAVERY statement by Richard Oastler, September 1830.
“Let truth speak out, appalling as the statement may appear. The fact is true. Thousands of our fellow-creatures and fellow-subjects,
both male and female, the miserable inhabitants of a Yorkshire town, (Yorkshire now represented in Parliament by the giant of antislavery principles) are this very moment existing in a state of slavery, more horrid than are the victims of that hellish system 'colonial
slavery. These innocent creatures drawl out, unpitied, their short but miserable existence, in a place famed for its profession of
religious zeal, whose inhabitants are ever foremost in professing 'temperance' and 'reformation', and are striving to outrun their
neighbours in missionary exertions, and would fain send the Bible to the farthest corner of the globe-aye, in the very place where
the anti-slavery fever ragest furiously, her apparent charity is not more admired on earth, than her real cruelty is abhorred in
Heaven. The very streets which receive the droppings of an 'Anti-Slavery Society' are every morning wet by the tears of innocent
victims at the accursed shrine of avarice, who are compelled (not by the cart-whip of the negro slave-driver) but by the dread of the
equally appalling thong or strap of the over-looker, to hasten, half-dressed, but not half-fed, to those magazines of British infantile
slavery-the worsted mills in the town and neighbourhood of Bradford!”
Evidence Link
14th April
1831
1833
18331840
1834
1836
1838
1840’s
1841
1848
1849
1850
1850’s
May 1860
1861
1862
1863
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Slavery:
National Context
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Slavery:
REGIONAL links
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Petition sent to the house of Lords by Wesleyan Methodists of Bradford and another from the Baptists of Keighley,
Evidence link
Henry Lascelles received £26,309 as compensation from the British Government for the loss of his slaves after emancipation.
Evidence link
The Spence family of Gildersome (a branch of the family also lived in North Shields) had 3 servants, one of whom was an escaped
Slave from Virginia. Evidence link
Slavery abolished in all British territories.
‘Bradford Remonstrance’
Bradford traders and Quakers make resolution against Slavery aimed at American business partners.
Evidence Link (page 90)
A letter of conveyance from Anthony Wilkinson (of Huddersfield) to John Clarke includes 112 Slaves in Jamaica. Evidence link (1)
Evidence link 2
Slaves in the United States were issues with Woollen blankets, mainly produced in Yorkshire, to sleep under. Evidence link
“Sugar Debate” in Bradford. Part of national series of debates.
Evidence link (Page 7)
“A Tribute For The Negro” is published by William Armistead of Leeds. It is aimed at gaining freedom for Slaves in the United States.
Evidence link
Angus Bethune Reach observes that waste cloth and wool in Yorkshire mills is transported to America to be used for Slaves
garments.
Evidence link
“Flogging a Slave Fastened to the Ground” is published by Leeds Anti-Slavery society. Evidence link
Lectures in the 1850s from the ‘fugitive slave’ John Brown, and Bradford Liberal MP W.E. Forster.
Evidence link
A memorial from the Leeds Young Men’s Anti-Slavery Society is sent to Wesleyan ministers in America imploring them to not share
communion with those who hold, or have held Slaves. It cites an example of a disbarred bishop from 1811. Evidence link
Pablo Fanque, Britain’s first Black Circus Owner is recorded in the Census as being resident in Bradford.
Thomas Jeffery, a preacher, dies. Jeffery had travelled 5000 miles to the West Indies to preach to ‘the poor blacks’ and worked as a
missionary. Evidence link
Anti-Slavery Demonstration held in Bradford.
Evidence link
1865
1880’s
1881
Slavery:
International
Context
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Slavery:
DIRECT local link
Slavery abolished in the United States.
The composer Frederick Delius, born in Bradford, writes Kouanga, a piece set on an American Plantation with many influences from
the Black music he had experienced as a (post slavery) plantation owner (Delius owned an Orange Plantation in Florida in the 1880’s,
with many former slaves on his staff). Evidence link
Census returns show a number of people who had links with Slavery and whom had probably migrated following the end of Slavery
in the Empire and the United States. (Bradford and across the region)
Evidence Link
Notes:
Many other petitions were sent to the House of Lords from chapels in the Bradford area. Only a selection of these have been included in this document. To
find out whether petitions were sent from your local area, go to http://www.british-history.ac.uk/search.aspx
The search term I used was simply ‘Slavery+Bradford’ which retuirns 79 results. In addition to these, there are other entries for outlying parts of the district,
which require more specific searches.
Leeds is listed over 100 times in relation to Slavery; Huddersfield 32 times; Halifax 77 times; and the County of York over 400 times.
Finding information for other parts of the country:
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/search.aspx - search for Slavery+(place name) to see if petitions calling for abolition were sent from your locality.
Search your regional BBC website for ‘Abolition.’ Most regional sites included a dedicated section on the Slave Trade to mark the bicentenary of the 1807
Act of Parliament. Typically these sections include a major article about local involvement and several further articles about commemorative events and
local links. You should be able to find a number of ‘good’ local examples via this method.
Contact your local library or archive service to enquire about local records relating to the Slave Trade. Likewise, if your local newspaper is old enough,
search through their archives to see how they reported major events relating to Slavery.
Contact your LEA and / or local University. Many LEA’s created resource packs for the bicentenary and your local University may have professors, lecturers
or students who have researched the impact of Slavery in your area.
Use information from local exhibitions about the Slave Trade. A list of some of these and other commemorative events from around the United Kingdom is
included at the end of this document.
Yorkshire Slave Traders and families connected to the Slave Trade
The Vassall Family. 1769-1800 – Evidence link (Papers held at East Ardsely, Wakefield). Samuel Vassall held lands in North Yorkshire and Plantations in the
Americas.
The Lascalles Family.
Witham Family, of Garforth. Evidence link (Page55)
Robinsons of Rokeby – Thomas Robinson was governor of Barbados. Evidence link
Sidgewicks of Skipton – Evidence link
Caruses of Tunstall Evidence link
Sill Family of Dent Evidence link
Sutton Family (Thornton in Lothersdale) Evidence link
Mason Family of Dent Evidence link
The Bruce family (North Yorks) sold a plantation to a former slave in 1849. Evidence link.
Parker family of Browsholme Hall. Evidence link
Thomas Bates of Halifax was a business partner of plantation owners. Evidence link
Interesting Links / Articles
Yorkshire link with Africa revealed.
Detailed look at various aspects of Slavery
Slave Voices from the collections of Duke University, USA.
An African in Oldham in the 1700’s
Unlocking the Chains
Letters from Jamaica 1782-1784
Hidden Heritage
Why have we been forgotten?
The Middle Passage – from Durham University
Anti-Slavery Literature
Whose abolition? Popular pressure and the ending of the British slave trade
Slavery Projects
A selection of links to useful websites about the Slave Trade and / or the abolition movement. The list contains general links followed by a series of links
to exhibitions, museums and events that have taken place in each of the HA regions.
National / International
http://www.archive-it.org/collections/866
http://www.unlockingthearchives.rgs.org/
http://www.history.org.uk/pdfs/Multi.doc
http://www.artscouncil.org.uk/aboutus/project_detail.php?rid=0&sid=&browse=recent&id=586
http://130.246.192.28/
http://slavetrade.parliament.uk/slavetrade/index.html
http://www.amdigital.co.uk/collections/Slavery-Abolition-and-Social-Justice-1490-2007/Default.aspx
http://www.antislavery.org/breakingthesilence/
http://hitchcock.itc.virginia.edu/Slavery/index.php
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/blackhistory/africa_caribbean/africa_trade.htm
http://www.setallfree.net/
http://www.antislavery.org/2007/eventstimetable.htm
http://portal.unesco.org/education/en/ev.php-URL_ID=29704&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
http://www.globalgateway.org.uk/default.aspx?page=2966
http://www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/nwh_gfx_en/ART45540.html
http://www.understandingslavery.com/
http://www.hlf.org.uk/English/features/rememberingslavery
http://www.johnnewton.org/Default.aspx
http://www.urc.org.uk/archive_frontpage/abolition_of_the_slave_trade/index.htm
http://gallery.nen.gov.uk/gallery0-abolition.html
http://www.realhistories.org.uk/uploads/File/VAP.pdf
South East
http://www.blackhistory4schools.com/slavetrade/
http://www.comptonhistory.com/tasc/slavery.htm
http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php-URL_ID=33822&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
http://www.molg.org.uk/English/NewsRoom/Archived07/TransatlanticSlaveTrade.htm
http://www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/nwh_gfx_en/ART50868.html
http://profile.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=user.viewprofile&friendID=199634966
http://www.timeout.com/london/features/286.html
http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=158501094373054
http://www.itzcaribbean.com/bicentenary_abolition_slavery.php
http://www.london.gov.uk/slavery/webcasts/index.jsp
http://www.camden.gov.uk/ccm/content/press/2007/may/camden-commemorates-theabolition.en;jsessionid=C381DC6F3813809292965F5D90B9E459.node1
http://www.christiantoday.com/article/walk.of.witness.to.mark.bicentenary.of.slave.trade.abolition/8577.htm
http://www.hertsdirect.org/libsleisure/heritage1/HALS/hidden/
http://www.mlasoutheast.org.uk/whatwedo/equality/culturaldiversity/
http://www.brent.gov.uk/heritage.nsf/24878f4b00d4f0f68025663c006c7944/c587165488ddf4788025728b004c4e99!OpenDocument
South West
http://bristol.indymedia.org/article/27120
http://www.electricpavilion.org/bristolslavetrade/
http://www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/bristol/news/ART23326.html?ixsid=
http://www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/nwh/ART54179.html
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2005/mar/04/fairtrade.ethicalliving
http://www.bristol.gov.uk/ccm/content/Leisure-Culture/Local-History-Heritage/abolition-200.en?page=15
http://www.discoveringbristol.org.uk/about.php
http://www.englandpast.net/education/bristol_index.html
http://www.empiremuseum.co.uk/exhibitions/st2007.htm
http://www.exeter.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=6690
http://www.plymouth.gov.uk/newsreleases?newsid=152949
Midlands
http://www.leicester.gov.uk/your-council--services/lc/events/major-events-2008/bicentenary
http://www.nottinghamcity.gov.uk/sitemap/services/leisure_and_culture/lc-general-events-diary-2007/slavetrade/wedgewood-slavetrade.htm
http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/GenerateContent?CONTENT_ITEM_ID=11866&CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE=0&MENU_ID=10596
http://www.bbc.co.uk/leicester/content/image_galleries/abolition_rothley_court_gallery.shtml
http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/server/show/nav.17514
http://www.derby.gov.uk/LeisureCulture/ArtsEntertainment/Cultural+Diversity+and+The+Arts+-+The+Heritage+Project.htm
http://www.indymedia.org.uk/en/2007/03/364863.html
East Anglia
http://www.bbc.co.uk/norfolk/abolition/
http://www.joh.cam.ac.uk/admissions/outreach_access/stacs/
http://www.norwichartscentre.co.uk/content/view/1574/53/
http://www.norfolkblackhistorymonth.org.uk/exhibitions.html
http://www.blackhistorymonthuk.co.uk/listings/east.html
http://www.bbc.co.uk/suffolk/content/articles/2007/09/27/abolition_exhibition_opens_feature.shtml
http://www.suffolk.gov.uk/News/2007News/09September/AfricanHistoryMonth.htm
http://www.blacknet.co.uk/Stop_Press/Stop_Press/ENGLISH_HERITAGE_TO_REVEAL_SLAVERY_AND_ABOLITIONIST_LINKS_TO_HERITAGE.html
http://www.rootsweb.com/~engcam/ThomasClarkson.htm
http://www.colchesterblackhistorymonth.com/
North West
http://www.history.org.uk/pdfs/Chains%20and%20Cotton.doc
http://www.ffhs.org.uk/ezine/articles/mlfhs.php
http://www.revealinghistories.org.uk/whats-on/
http://www.liverpoolmuseums.org.uk/whatsonnet/eventseries.aspx?sid=66
http://www.visitnorthwest.com/news/commemorate-the-abolition-of-the-slave-trade-act-with-greater-manchester%E2%80%99s-galleries-and-museums/
http://130.246.192.24/liverpool/news/ART44244.html?ixsid=qioW76bSFD6
North East
http://www.hlf.org.uk/NR/rdonlyres/68EA062B-96A7-4A08-B98C-A38FE6F39092/4679/Connectingwiththebicentenary1.pdf
http://www.wilberforce2007.com/index.php?/abolition_of_slavery/abolition_of_slavery/
http://www.york.ac.uk/conferences/abolitions2007/
http://www.mlanortheast.org.uk/nemlac/resources/RememberingSlavery2007Summary.pdf
Scotland
http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2007/03/23121622/0
http://www.scotlandandslavery.org.uk/
http://www.scan.org.uk/exhibitions/blackhistory/blackhistory_1.htm
http://www.irr.org.uk/publication/cdrom/
http://www.ltscotland.org.uk/abolition/teachers/resources.asp
http://www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/acci/web/site/CouncilNews/pr/pr_slaveknit_200707.asp
http://www.shetland.gov.uk/community/news/documents/Abolitionflyer.pdf
Wales
http://www.blackhistorymonthuk.co.uk/listings/wales.html
http://www.swica.co.uk/events.html
http://www.cardiff.gov.uk/content.asp?nav=4202,4203&id=5225&parent_directory_id=2865&pagetype=&keyword=&Positioning_Article_ID=&Language=
http://www.hlf.org.uk/English/InYourArea/Wales/News/Remembering+Slavery+2007.htm
http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/history/sites/slavery/pages/nick_skinner.shtml
http://www.valeofglamorgan.gov.uk/our_council/press_office/latest_news/2007/october/new_town_hall_exhibitions.aspx?theme=textonly
http://www.museumwales.ac.uk/en/news/?article_id=400
http://www.mewn-cymru.org.uk/PastEvents.aspx
Northern Ireland
http://www.qub.ac.uk/schools/SchoolofLaw/Research/HumanRightsCentre/Resources/video/InternationalHumanRightsLawVideoLibrary/Slave
ryProjectVideoLibrary/
http://www.hlf.org.uk/GEMS/Hidden%20Connections%20FINAL.doc
http://hsozkult.geschichte.hu-berlin.de/termine/id=7941&count=471&recno=18&sort=ort&order=up
http://www.casbah.ac.uk/surveys/archivereportsPRONI.stm
http://www.belfastcity.gov.uk/news/news.asp?id=1047&month=October%202007