Chap 3 Sec 2
Notes
New England Colonies
The Voyage of the Mayflower
• ________—Separatist religious group; separate from Church of England
• To escape persecution, they sail to ______________
• Pilgrims land at ______________, Massachusetts (1620)
• To establish order they sign the _____________________:
- vow to obey laws agreed upon for the good of the colony
- _______________________________________________
The Pilgrims Found Plymouth
• Pilgrims endure hardships; half of group dies by spring
• Make friends with _____________, a Pawtuxet
• Squanto sets up __________treaty between Pilgrims and ____________
• Squanto shows Pilgrims how to plant, hunt, fish
• Pilgrims trade with Native Americans, send _______ to England for profit
• Pilgrims, Native Americans celebrate harvest—____________________
The Puritans Come to Massachusetts Bay
• Puritans—________________, wants to reform Church of England
• To escape ____________, many Puritans sail to Americas (1630–1640)
• This movement of Puritans is known as the Great Migration
• 1,000 Puritans arrive at Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630)
• They are well prepared; do not starve
• First governor ______________ sets up a commonwealth
The New England Way
• Basic unit of the commonwealth is congregation:
- group of people who belong to ________________
- each congregation sets up own ____________
- each town has a form of ______________________
• Puritans follow the “_______________________”:
- emphasizes duty, ___________, hard work, ______________
- work ethic helps growth of New England colonies
- requires that all children learn to ______________
Continued The New England Way
• Puritan congregations set up new colonies
• ______________ adopts Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639):
- extends ________________ to non-church members
- limits power of governor
- expands idea of ___________________ government
• Portsmouth is first European settlement in New Hampshire
Challenges to Puritan Leaders
• Massachusetts minister _______________ opposes “New England Way”
• Forced to leave colony, he founds colony of _________________ (1636)
• This colony guarantees religious freedom, separation of church/state
• _________________ believes person can worship without church, Bible
• _____________ believe person can know God through “____________”
• Also believe in treating Native Americans fairly, persecuted for this
King Philip’s War
• Growing tensions over land between colonists, Native Americans
• Europeans and Native Americans define land ownership differently:
- to Europeans, ____________________________________
- to Native Americans, ________________________________
• King Philip’s War (1675–1676)—war between Puritans, Native
Americans
• Native Americans lose war, are ___________________________
• English settlers expand farther into Native American lands
The Salem Witchcraft Trials
• By late 1600s, societal changes lead to ____, suspicion in New England
• Pretending to be ____________, girls falsely accuse others of witchcraft
• ______________ begin (1692); more than 100 people are arrested, tried
• ____ found guilty and put to death
• Panic short-lived; experience shows how _________________________