Psychoanalytic Theories of Development
NYU Postdoctoral Program in Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis
Fall 2014
Neal Vorus, Ph.D.
575 West End Avenue #GR-A
212.362-9272
nvorus@aol.com
Most readings available on PEP-Web; copies of the others to be provided by the
instructor after the first meeting.
Class 1: Development and psychoanalysis: the genetic point of view, reconstruction,
and Freud’s concept of nachtraglichkeit
.
Kaplan, L.J. (1980). The developmental and genetic perspectives of a life history.
Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 16: 565-580.
Bach, S. (2001). On being forgotten and forgetting one's self. Psychoanalytic Quarterly,
70: 739-756.
Tyson, P. (2002). Challenges of developmental theory. Journal of the American
Psychoanalytic Association, 50 (1): 29-52.
Class 2: Freud’s Initial Conceptions of Infantile Sexuality
Freud, S. (1905). Three essays on sexuality, Part II, Infantile sexuality. Standard Edition
7: 173- 184.
Freud, S. (1908) Character and anal erotism. SE 9: 167-175.
Class 3: Freud’s emerging object relations perspective
Freud, S. (1913) The Predisposition to Obsessional Neurosis. SE 12: 311-326/
Freud, S. (1914) On Narcissism. SE 14: 67-104.
Freud, S. (1915) Instincts and their Vicissitudes. SE 14: 109-140.
Class 4: Abraham’s Elaboration of Freud’s Psychosexual Stages
Abraham, K. (1921). The Influence of Oral Erotism on Character Formation. In Selected
Papers on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 393-406.
Abraham, K. (1921). Contribution to the Theory of the Anal Character. In Selected
Papers on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 370-392.
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Class 5: Melanie Klein’s elaboration of Abraham’s perspective
Klein, M. (1946). Notes on some schizoid mechanisms. International Journal of PsychoAnalysis, 27: 99-110.
Klein, M. (1952). Some theoretical conclusions regarding the emotional life of the infant.
Class 6: Winnicott’s extension of Kleinian thought; the role of the mother as
environment
Winnicott, D. W. (1941). The observation of infants in a set situation. In Through
Pediatrics to Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1975, 52-69.
Winnicott, D. W. (1956). Primary maternal preoccupation. In: Collected Papers: From
Paediatrics to Psychoanalysis, London: Tavistock, 300-305.
Winnicott, D. W. (1968). The theory of the parent-infant relationship. International
Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 50: 711-717.
Class 7: Separation-individuation theory I: Basic Concepts
Mahler, M., Pine, F., and Bergman, A. (1975). The Psychological Birth of the Human
Infant, NY: Basic Books, Chapters 3-6
Class 8: Separation-individuation theory II: Applications, critiques
Pine, F. (1979). On the pathology of the separation-individuation process as manifested
in later clinical work: An attempt at delineation. International Journal of
Psychoanalysis 60:225-241.
Lyons-Ruth, K. (1991). Rapprochement or Approchement: Mahler’s Theory
Reconsidered from the vantage point of recent research on early attachment
relationships. Psychoanalytic Psychology 8(1): 1-23.
Gergely, G. (2000). Reapproaching Mahler: New perspectives on Normal Autism,
Symbiosis, Splitting, and Libidinal Object Constancy from Cognitive
Developmental Theory. JAPA 48: 1197-1228.
*Bach, S. (1980). Self-love and object-love: some problems of self and object constancy,
differentiation, and integration. In Rapprochement: The Critical Subphase of
Separation-Individuation, ed. R. Lax, S. Bach, and J. Burland, pp. 171-197. New
York: Jason Aronson.
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Class 9: Attachment Theory and Psychoanalysis
Bowlby, J. (1958). The nature of the child’s tie to his mother. International Journal of
Psychoanalysis 39: 350-373.
Main, M. (2000). The organized categories of infant, child, and adult attachment. Journal
of the American Psychoanalytic Association 48: 1055-1095.
Hesse, E. and Main, M. (2000). Disorganized infant, child, and adult attachment. Journal
of the American Psychoanalytic Association 48: 1097-1127.
*Fonagy, P. Psychoanalytic attachment theorists and summary: What do
psychoanalytic theories and attachment theory have in common? In Attachment Theory
and Psychoanalysis. New York: Other Press 135-184.
Class 10: Trauma, Defense, and Intergenerational Transmission
Fraiberg, S. (1982). Pathological defenses in infancy. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 51: 612635.
Gaensbauer, T. (1995). Trauma in the preverbal period: Symptoms, memories, and
developmental impact. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 50: 122-149.
Fonagy, P. Steele, M., Moran, G., Steele, H. and Higgitt, A. (1993). Measuring the ghosts
in the nursery: An empirical study of the relation between parents mental
representations of childhood experience and their infants security of attachment.
Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 41 (4): 957-989.
Class 11: Oedipal Development: Freud’s Evolving Perspective
Masson, J., ed. The Complete Letters of Sigmund Freud to Wilhelm Fliess, 1887-1904.
Harvard University Press, 1985. 270-273, 277, 303-304.
Freud, S. (1900). The Interpretation of Dreams. SE (4): 255-266.
Freud, S. (1910). A Special Type of Object Choice made by Men. SE (11): 165-175.
Freud, S. (1923), The infantile genital organization. SE 19: 141-145.
Freud, S. (1923). The Ego and the Id. SE: 19: 28-39.
Freud, S. (1925), Some psychical consequences of the anatomical distinction between the
sexes. SE 19: 243-258.
Class 12: Further Developments of the Theory of the Oedipus Complex
Britton, R. (1992). The Oedipus situation and the depressive position. In: R. Anderson,
(ed.), Clinical Lectures on Klein and Bion. London: Routledge, 34-45.
Britton, R., (1989) The missing link: parental sexuality in the Oedipus complex. In The
Oedipus Complex Today, London: Karnac Books, 83-101.
Simon, B. (1991), Is the Oedipus complex still the cornerstone of psychoanalysis? Three
obstacles to answering the question. JAPA, 39: 641-669.
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*Blanck, G. (1984) The complete Oedipus complex. International Journal of
Psychoanalysis 65: 331-339.
*Burgner, Marion (1985), The oedipal experience: effects on development of an absent
father. International Journal of Psychoanalysis. 66: 311-320.
Class 13: Oedipus Complex and Female Psychosexual Development
Freud, S. (1931). Female Sexuality. SE (21): 225-243.
Holtzman, Deanna, & Kulish, Nancy (2003), The feminization of the female oedipal
complex, Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association. 51(4), 1127-1151.
Oleskar, W. Female genital anxieties: views from the nursery and the couch. Journal of
the American Psychoanalytic Association 68(2): 276-294.
*Tyson, P. (1994) Theories of female sexuality, Journal of the American Psychoanalytic
Association 42:447-467.
Class 14: The Oedipus Complex and Male Psychosexual Development
Greenson, R. (1968), Disidentifying from mother: its special significance for the boy.
International Journal of Psychoanalysis 49: 370-374.
Blos, P. Son and father, In D. Breen (ed.), (1993) The Gender Conundrum, London:
Routeledge, 301-324.
Diamond, M. (2004). The shaping of masculinity: Revisioning boys turning away from
their mothers to construct male gender identity. International Journal of
Psychoanalysis 85: 359-380.
Class 15: Resolution of the Oedipus Complex, Further Clinical Applications
Freud, S. (1924). The Dissolution of the Oedipus Complex. SE (19): 173-179.
Loewald, H. (1979). The Waning of the Oedipus Complex. In Papers on Psychoanlysis.
New Haven: Yale University Press.
*Selections from: Vorus, N. and Vorus, T. S. (2006). Central concepts of the Freud-Klein
debates. Journal of Infant, Child, and Adolescent Psychotherapy, Volume 5, No. 3.