Colonization Of Australia and World War I and II Teacher’s Notes
Who is Captain James Cook?
• In 1770, Captain James Cook charted the eastern Australian coast in his ship Endeavor
• Following orders from British King George III, Cook claimed the east coast for Great Britain
• Cook named eastern Australia “New South Wales
What cause the British to colonize Australia?
• The independence of the 13 American colonies led the British to colonize Australia in 1788
• Before American independence, the British sent prisoners to be colonists in the Georgia colony in
America
• Britain created a new penal (prison) colony by shipping prisoners from Great Britain to Australia
What are the reasons for the British colonizing Australia?
• There were four main reasons for the British to colonize Australia
1. The British wanted to colonize Australia to relieve overcrowding in Great Britain's jails
2. The British government recognized the importance of having its navy stationed in the Southern
Hemisphere
• There were four main reasons for the British to colonize Australia
3. The British wanted to colonize Australia to relieve overcrowding in Great Britain's jails
4. The British government recognized the importance of having its navy stationed in the Southern
Hemisphere
Standard: SS6H7a
Describe major developments following World War I: the Russian Revolution, the Treaty of Versailles,
worldwide depression, and the rise of Nazism
Why do you think Russia signed a treaty to get out of World War I early?
How did the map of Europe change after World War I?
How do you think these changes affected people in Europe?
MAIN Causes of World War I
(Take notes on graphic organizer)
• Militarism – building up armed forces, getting
ready for war
• Alliances – agreements or promises to
defend and help another country
• Imperialism – trying to build up an empire
(powerful country that controls
several less powerful countries
• Nationalism – having pride in your country,
willing to defend it
• Assassination- murder of a public figure for political reasons
Assassination
The events that followed…
Because of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in June of 1914 by a member of a nationalistic
secret Serbian society, the emperor of Austria-Hungary declared war of Serbia.
The events that followed…
Some of the Technological Advances from WWI
• Tank
•
Aircraft
•
Machine Gun
•
Gas used as a weapon
• Flamethrower
Major Development Following WWI
I. Russian Revolution
What was the causes of the Revolution?
1. Food shortage
2. Workers mistreated
3. Czar ignore the how unhappy the people were.
II. The Treaty of Versailles
1. Germany accepts full responsibility for the war.
2. Germany had to give up the territory to surrounding countries
3. Germany had to surrender its overseas colonies
4. Germany had to make their armed forces smaller.
5. Germany had to pay huge reparations to the countries it harmed.
III. What caused Worldwide Depression?
1.Caused by stock market crash in United States in 1929 known as Black Tuesday.
2. Banks closed and people wanted their money.
3. Stockholder sold their stock for less money.
4. Business in U.S. stop buying from other countries.
5. People afraid to spend their money.
6. Business wasn’t selling their items, couldn’t pay workers, closed
IV. What caused the Rise of Nazism
1. Germany was blamed for WWI and had to pay Allies millions of dollars.
2. People blamed government for their problems (few jobs, food, clothes, etc)
3. People wanted strong leaders
4. Hitler promise to fix their problems; put people to work building highway; working in factories, etc.
5. Hitler increase army and the people lost their civil rights.
6. People who spoke against him, were put in prison or murdered.
7. Hitler invaded Poland. This was the beginning of WWII
Impact of World War II
A. Holocaust
1. Hitler blamed the Jews for their problems.
2. Hitler is responsible for the killing of 6 millions Jews.
3. Hitler created concentration camp for the Jewish people.
4. genocide- the planned killing of a race of people.
B. THE COLD WAR
1. Distrust mainly between United States and Soviet Union (Russia) occurred after WWII.
2. Soviet Union was communist and United States was democracy.
3. At end of war, divided Germany into four part: U.S., Great Britain, France, and Soviet Union.
4. U.S., Great Britain, and France united their part of Germany; Soviet Union did not.
5. Divided Berlin in half: West Berlin democracy; East Berlin communist.
6. The western European countries plus the United States and Canada formed the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO). The eastern countries plus Soviet Union signed the Warsaw Pact.
C. Rise of Super powers
1. U.S. and Soviet Union became superpowers.
2. Both able to influence world events.
3. Soviet Union world-wide spy agent: KGB
4. United States spy agent: CIA
D. Collapse of the Soviet Union and German Reunification
1. By 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev, the head of the Soviet Union, reduced government control of business and
increased freedom for Soviet citizens.
2. In November 1989, the Berlin Wall was torn down, and Germany began the process of unifying.
3. East and West Germany were made one country in 1990 and the Cold War was over.