Much Ado About Nothing TEACHIT KS3 INTERACTIVE PACK SATs Updates 2007: Key themes Please note: Any educational institution that has purchased one copy of this publication may make unlimited duplicate copies for use exclusively within that institution. Permission does not extend to transmittal in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, of duplicate copies for loaning, renting or selling to any other institution without the permission of the Publisher. Teachit KS3 Interactive Pack © HarperCollins Publishers 2006. This page may be photocopied for use in the classroom 1 Key themes LESSON 9: Love & marriage Framework Objectives Learning Objective S&L12: Use a range of drama techniques, To understand different views of love and including work in role, to explore issues, ideas relationships within Much Ado About Nothing and meanings S&L14: Convey action, character, atmosphere and tension when scripting and performing plays Starter Ask students how marriage – and what it represents – is different today from Shakespeare’s day? They should think about the role parents play, how people in the present day choose a spouse, etc. Introduction Write the following quotation from Act 2 Scene 1 on the board: ‘…take of me my daughter, and with her my fortunes: his grace hath made the match…’ Ask students who is speaking (Leonato), and what we can learn about marriage from this quotation (that he is referring to the money he must offer as a dowry, as well as the fact that the Prince has been instrumental in wooing for Hero, almost as if he has stood as guarantor of Claudio’s good character. This is important as it explains why Don Pedro is equally shamed by Hero’s seeming betrayal later in the play). Re-read Act 1 Scene 1 up to line 115, focusing on what we learn about love and marriage. Not all of Act 1 Scene 1 is set for SATs 2007 – note therefore that much of what Benedick says about marriage comes in the second half of the scene. What we do see is the start of his relationship with Beatrice. Development Students work in groups to read (or if possible perform) lines 74 (‘I think this is your daughter..’) to 104 (‘….jade’s trick’) and decide how the lines between Beatrice and Benedick should be performed. They should consider it as a playful battle of wits, a nasty battle of insults or as a set of asides whilst Don Pedro continues (perhaps he and the others go to one side to continue their discussions). Feed back which works best of the three approaches and any evidence to suggest this is the way the scene is meant to be played (for example, Don Pedro’s words ‘That is the sum of all’ after Beatrice’s final line suggest the rest of the group have been talking elsewhere. Students can then complete Worksheet 11 The purpose of this exercise is to draw out the idea that each exchange between the two lovers-to-be is a little different. This will help with establishing character, and in explaining staging or performance. Ask students which of these lines show the characters to be (briefly) agreeing, and how this sentiment is later turned against them. Then compare the way the relationship between Claudio and Hero is presented in Act 2 Scene 1 with that of Benedick and Beatrice. Re-read lines 226 (‘Count, take of me my daughter…’) to 237 (‘and so she doth cousin..’) and hand out Worksheet 12 for groups to complete. Plenary Feed back responses to Worksheet 12 and compare the negotiation of terms between Leonato and Don Pedro to the innocent, almost naïve love between Hero and Claudio. Teachit KS3 Interactive Pack © HarperCollins Publishers 2006. This page may be photocopied for use in the classroom 2 Worksheet 11: Witty words Find the quotations to which these explanations refer from Act 1 Scene 1 lines 74–104. Beatrice says she is surprised Benedick is speaking, as no one is listening to him Benedick says all women love him, except one – Beatrice, but he himself loves none of them Benedick says it would be best if men continued to steer clear of Beatrice otherwise they’d end up with a scratched face. Beatrice says any of her words would be better than the beastly language of Benedick. Beatrice actually agrees with Benedick on one point! She would prefer anything to hearing a man say he loved her. Benedick is surprised to see ‘Lady Disdain’ (Beatrice) is still alive. Beatrice answers Benedick’s words by saying that a scratched face wouldn’t be any worse than Benedick’s. Benedick compares Beatrice to someone who repeats meaningless phrases, as if teaching a parrot to speak. Teachit KS3 Interactive Pack © HarperCollins Publishers 2006. This page may be photocopied for use in the classroom 3 Worksheet 12: Silence is golden? Re-read the following section from the play: Leonato: Count, take of me my daughter, and with her my fortunes: his grace hath made the match, and all grace say amen to it. Beatrice: Speak, count, ’tis your cue. Claudio: Silence is the perfectest herald of joy,I were but little happy if I could say, how much! Lady, as you are mine, I am yours: I give away myself for you and dote upon the exchange. Beatrice: Speak, cousin, or (if you cannot) stop his mouth with a kiss, and let him not speak neither. Now discuss these questions in groups make notes of your answers. 1. Where and how do you imagine the characters standing in this scene? 2. How do Claudio’s words contrast with the words spoken between Benedick and Beatrice (in the earlier scene)? 3. What evidence is there that Claudio feels he and Hero’s marriage is one between two equals? 4. Who seems to be controlling the scene between the two lovers? 5. How do Beatrice’s final words (above) link with words said by Benedick in the final scene of the play? 6. What might you conclude about the relationship between Hero and Claudio from these few lines and the type of love (i.e obsessive love, paternal love, adolescent love, etc.) they both feel? Teachit KS3 Interactive Pack © HarperCollins Publishers 2006. This page may be photocopied for use in the classroom 4 Key themes LESSON 10: Power, status and honour Framework Objectives Learning Objective Wr2: Record, develop and evaluate ideas through writing R14: Analyse the language, form and dramatic impact of scenes and plays by published dramatists To explore the related themes of power, status and honour in relation to the play as a whole, but specifically within the two set scenes Starter Students have, in a previous lesson, already had to consider how the townsfolk of Messina would have been feeling as Don Pedro and the other soldiers approached. Part of how they might feel is governed not only by the knowledge that young, eligible men are arriving, but also by their status. Look briefly at the first few lines of Act 1 Scene 1. How is status shown to be relevant even in the answers the Messenger gives to Leonato’s questions about the ‘action’ (the battle just fought)? (The Messenger says there have been few casualties, and of those killed ‘few’ were of any importance – i.e. rank or status.) Introduction Distribute the cut-out cards from Worksheet 13. Not all of the characters listed appear in the Key Scenes from Act 1 Scene 1, and Act 2 Scene 1 but most do. Ask students to rank the characters according to their likely status in terms of power and authority. Point out that this is not the same as the sort of power relationships that exist on stage (for example, Benedick’s status may be diminished when he is fooled during Act 2 Scene 3, yet he remains a ‘gentleman’ and thus higher in status than messengers, attendants and so on). Feed back responses. Which characters were difficult to place? (Don John and the Friar, possibly, which is interesting as it might suggest they are outsiders who use their position in different ways – the Friar stands up for Hero against general opinion; Don John goes against his brother’s authority.) Development How does the theme of power and status affect the two set scenes? When Don Pedro appears, the dialogue that follows offers an interesting mix of different tones and exchanges. Ask students to work briefly in pairs to identify: The lines where Leonato praises or flatters Don Pedro The line when Leonato makes a joke about Benedick being a ladies man (at the expense of his wife and daughter!) The line when Don Pedro refers to the cost of his stay (and flatters Leonato at the same time). Plenary The point to be made here is that practical matters, manners and joking are all wrapped into one, and this in a sense, defines the style of the first half of the play – lots of talk and jokes, elaborate tricks and so on, which are characteristic of Much Ado. This is further developed in Act 2 Scene 1 – Don Pedro conducts events, hoping to control everything around him. But when Don John’s plot comes to a head, the second half of the play becomes quite unpleasant – and the whole notion of status and honour becomes absolutely central. Teachit KS3 Interactive Pack © HarperCollins Publishers 2006. This page may be photocopied for use in the classroom 5 Worksheet 13: Status chart Leonato, Governor of Messina Messenger Hero, Leonato’s daughter Beatrice, Leonato’s niece, an orphan Don Pedro, Prince of Arragon Count Claudio of Florence Signor Benedick of Padua Don John, Don Pedro’s bastard brother Dogberry, Constable of Messina Verges, Deputy Constable Ursula, gentlewoman to Hero Signor Antonio, Leonato’s brother Friar Francis Teachit KS3 Interactive Pack © HarperCollins Publishers 2006. This page may be photocopied for use in the classroom 6 OHT 15: Summary to comment LESSON 11: Deception Framework Objectives Learning Objective S&L13: Develop and compare different interpretations of scenes or plays by Shakespeare or other dramatists Wr17: Cite specific and relevant textual evidence to justify critical judgements about texts To understand the different types of deception in the play, and the role it has in the developing narrative Starter The deception which is at the heart of the play is especially apparent in the second of the two Key Scenes, but students need to first decide what deception is. There are several sorts we see in the play – ask if they can suggest what these might be? Introduction Once they have come up with suggestions, distribute Worksheet 14, which lists four types which might correspond with their own. Work through the sheet in pairs, making decisions about each deception. Feed back responses and discuss any examples that don’t sit easily in the four categories. For example, is pretending Hero is dead really ‘playful’ even if it is for a good reason? Would it be better o have a further category for this sort of ‘moral’ deception? Development Then look at the sorts of deception that appear in the set scenes. We might argue that we see selfdeception from Benedick and Beatrice, who believe themselves to be incapable of loving anyone (or at least not wanting to). Would playing the scene differently change the way audiences interpreted this? Get students to read Benedick’s line: ‘It is certain I am loved of all ladies..’ and Beatrice’s line ‘I had rather hear my dog bark at a crow than a man swear he loved me..’ in two different ways. Firstly, ask students to say them with a smile and a wink as if they’re just making a joke or pretending to believe their own words. Secondly, try the lines as if they are serious – they actually believe it. This will change the way the audience reads the characters. Plenary Students can finish by writing two paragraphs on deception within the play, and which sort of deception is most central to it – is it self-deception, or deliberate deception setting out to hurt others? Or perhaps playful deception? Think about what sort has most effect on the action, but also which sort the majority of characters suffer from. Teachit KS3 Interactive Pack © HarperCollins Publishers 2006. This page may be photocopied for use in the classroom 7 Worksheet 14: Types of deception There are at least 4 types of deception shown in the play. Put a, b, c or d alongside the examples given to show which type of deception you think it is. a) spiteful deception, setting out to wound or hurt others b) playful deception, setting out to make fun or even help others c) self-deception leading to understanding – appearing to hold one opinion which in fact covers up a reality (which the character comes to recognise) d) self-deception which doesn’t lead to understanding. Examples Leonato, Don Pedro and Claudio talking about how much Beatrice loves Benedick Beatrice’s statements that she can’t bear to hear a man say he loves her Dogberry’s belief that he is a respected and educated man Don John’s plot to make Hero look like she has betrayed Claudio Claudio pretending to be about to marry Hero in Act 4 Scene 1 The Friar’s idea to let people think that Hero is dead Beatrice pretending she doesn’t know it is Benedick she is dancing with Leonato staging the mock wedding at which a mystery bride is revealed to be Hero Margaret agreeing to impersonate Hero for Borachio Benedick saying he will never marry Antonio, masked, saying he is pretending to be Antonio at the masked ball in Act 2 Scene 1 Teachit KS3 Interactive Pack © HarperCollins Publishers 2006. This page may be photocopied for use in the classroom 8