THE SYLLABUS CONTENTS
First year:
-Principles of Economics: (First Year General/ First Year
Post)
Definition and functions of economics – the economic
problem – basic economic decisions – production definition
and law – the market system, the price system and allocation
of resources – supply and demand theories and elasticity’s –
consumer choice theory – the firm theory – the national
income and the performance of the economic system –
measuring national income and its problems – distribution
of national income – macroeconomic problems – inflation,
definition, types, effects and different ways of measuring it unemployment, definition, types, effects and different ways
of measuring it – the business cycle, definition, types and
different stages – macro economic policies – population
economics – population theories.
-Economic Resources and Development: (First Year General/
First Year Post)
The sectoral economic structure – the rise of agrarian
system – basic characteristics of the agrarian system –
reasons of the collapse of the agrarian system – factors of
the shift from the middle ages to the modern ages – the
transition period – commercial capitalism – its rise –
emergence of industrial capitalism and capital doctrine –
industrial revolution, definition, aspects, social and political
consequences, capital system and economic crisis – financial
capitalism – the structure of modern economic system –
development of the Egyptian economy since 18th century
and Mohamed Ali's model – the failure of Mohamed Ali's
model and connecting Egypt with the modern capital
economy – the development of the Egyptian economy
structure since the evolution of 1952 revolution to date –
economic problem and economic resources – efficient
allocation of resources – human resources and the
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population problem – labor force planning – education
economics – investment of human resources – natural
resources – agricultural resources – economics of mineral
resources and nature of mineral wealth – economics of
renewed resources –pollution and its relation to technical
progress in production and the rates of resources
exploitation – water problem – resource depletion problem –
economics of environment conservation.
-Microeconomics: (First Year General)
Theory of consumer choice (budget constraint and shift of the
budget line, consumer equilibrium) – using marginal utility
theory in explaining the government subsidies – utility paradox
– work, saving preferences – elasticity’s (demand elasticity,
supply elasticity, relation of elasticity with revenue, effect of
elasticity on market price and equilibrium)- production costs
(costs curves and its types, costs and its types, short and long
run costs) – price and quantity determination under perfect
competition – profit maximization and equilibrium – other
markets (monopoly, monopolistic competition, oligopoly
monopoly)- general equilibrium theory – welfare economics –
deficiency of the market system and the ways of dealing with it
(market failure phenomena, public goods, externalities).
-Micro economic analysis:
Objective – markets – exchange – equilibrium – consumer
theory: preferences, utility and the budget constraint –
individual choice and the demand curve – market demand and
market equilibrium – producer theory: production and cost
functions; profit maximization – production and cost
functions– firm structure, conduct and performance:
industrial organization theory: perfect competition – monopoly
– monopolistic competition – oligopoly and game theory –
exchange and general equilibrium – market failures:
externalities – public goods.
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-Commercial studies in foreign language: (First Year General)
A number of different subjects in principles of economics
and foreign trade are being taught in order to train students
how to use terms in the fields of economics and foreign trade
in foreign language.
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Second year:
-Economies of Money and banking: (Second Year General)
The barter system and its problems - Evolution of money, its
definition function and types – monetary system and issuance
rules – commodity monetary base – obligatory paper monetary
base – money supply and internal liquidity – money demand at
pre-Keynes economists – money demand and the Keynesian
analysis – modern development in money demand analysis –
traditional monetary theories: quantity theory of money, the
equation of exchange – modern monetary theory, broad lines
of Keynesian theory – recent theory of quantity of money; its
evolution and basic features – banks and monetary policy;
mediator financial exchange institutions – central bank –
commercial banks – monetary policy and economic activity –
tools of monetary policy under economic liberalization.
-Economies Of Money, banking and foreign Trade: (Second
Year Post)
The previous contents of the money and banking course is
being taught in this course, in addition to some chosen topics
in foreign trade.
-Macroeconomics: (Second Year General)
Macro economic tools – methodology of the macroeconomic
theory – macroeconomic policy and its objective – national
income and its of measurements – determination national
income (output) – aggregate demand and aggregate supply determination of employment level – consumption theory –
investment theory – government expenditure theory– the
foreign sector theory – change in output level – stationary
equilibrium – multiplier and accelerator – money and price
fluctuations – general equilibrium (commodity market and
capital market)– economic cycles – economic growth –
stabilization policies – growth theories and recent macro
economic problems.
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-Economies of foreign trade: (second year general)
Classical model in foreign trade – new classical model in
foreign trade – foreign exchange market – balance of
payment – international movements of economic resources –
general agreement of tariff and trade (GATT) –
development of the international monetary system –
international and monetary institutions.
-Commercial studies in foreign language: (second year general)
A number of different subjects in principles of economics
and foreign trade are being taught in order to train the
student on how to use terminology’s in the fields of
economics and foreign trade in English.
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Third year:
-Foreign trade theory: (third year foreign trade)
Introduction to foreign trade and gains from trade - foreign
trade theories (classical theory, Hecksher-Ohlin theory,
technology theory, diversification, competitiveness theory,
balance of payments theory, foreign equilibrium theory,
foreign exchange market, international labor movement
theory “international immigration”, international capital
movement theory “international investment”, foreign trade
theory and economic growth theories).
-Economics of Public finance and taxing systems: (third year
foreign trade/economics/accounting/business/post)
The evolution of economic system and it’s effect on public
finance – relation between scarce resources and economies
of public finance – market failure and the roles of the
productive and interventive and neutral State – allocation of
resources under the public sector and its role in achieving
economic welfare – public goods – applying the marginal
analysis on the production of public goods – externalities
phenomena (external utilities and costs) – the phenomena of
diminishing costs and non-existence of perfect competitive
markets as justification of government intervention – public
finance tools (government expenditure – government
revenues – public debt)- economic effects of government
expenditure – types and effects of public revenues – taxes
economics – economics of national and foreign public debts
– budget deficit – fiscal policy effectiveness in the Egyptian
economy – effectiveness of public finance and fiscal policy –
effectiveness of fiscal policy with recent problems.
-International monetary relations: (third year foreign
trade/economics/ international relations)
Balance of payments – foreign exchange market –
international payments under fixed and flexible exchange
rate system – foreign investment and foreign exchange risks
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– development of the international monetary system –
international monetary institutions.
-Foreign trade policies: (third year foreign trade)
National foreign trade policies (controlling policies on
foreign trade – price discrimination policy – import
substitution policy – export * policy – infant industries
policy – policies for achieving non-economic objectives –
policies for achieving internal or external equilibrium and
the degree of conflict between them) – regional foreign trade
policies (*agreements – economic integration theory) –
international foreign trade policies (GATT – IMF – IBRD).
-International economic relations: (third year foreign
trade/economics/ international relations)
Definitions – international commercial relations –GATTUNCTAD – the new international trade system – world
trade organization WTO – international investment foreign direct investment FDI – international money
markets – multinational corporations – international
economic cooperation agreements – regional economic
cooperation agreements – Egyptian European association
agreement – Egyptian American association agreement –
international financial integration – international monetary
and financial economic institutions – international monetary
fund IMF – world bank WR or IBRD – international
development institution – regional monetary and financial
institutions – European investment bank – Islamic
development bank – Asian development bank – development
bank for COMESA countries.
-Economic fluctuations: (third year foreign trade/economics)
Different theories in business cycles (economic cycles) –
Keynesian and monetary theory in business cycles – new
traditional and new Keynesian theories in business cycles –
modern theory in business cycle – sources and mechanism of
the current economic recession – mechanism of the great
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depression – role of capital and investment in the business
cycle – aggregate demand and fluctuations – rational
expectations theory – real gross domestic product and the
general price level – economic policies and fluctuations –
advanced analysis for unemployment problem – fluctuations
and economic growth.
-Economics of planning and development: (third year foreign
trade/ economics/ accounting/ business/ international relations/
post)
Economic
development
–
underdevelopment,
underdeveloped countries–measurements of development
and underdevelopment degrees – development gap –
development obstacles models – Duality theory- structural
distortions–development theories- big push, balanced and
unbalanced growth – stages theory- economic development
policies (investment – industrial strategies– long and short
term foreign trade policies – financing policies – strategies
for satisfying essential needs for development and
distribution) – current development problems – new
approaches and theories in economic planning – economic
systems and political thoughts –government and decisions
making – government role in the mixed economy – economic
problem dimensions – fiscal policy ,tools and objectives –
economic policy theory
and mathematical models –
implementing economic policy – principals of development
planning and planning experiments – economic
liberalization and economics transition - the Egyptian
planning and development (the Egyptian case).
-Specialized studies in English: (third year- foreign trade)
A number of different subjects in the field of foreign trade
are being taught in order to train the student on how to read
and write complete subjects in English.
-Agricultural and industrial economics: (third year economics)
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Technical advancement and competition – market structure
innovation – diffusion of new technologies – vertical
industrial integration (nature, theories, motives) - monopoly
and merging policies (social costs) – market concentration –
industrial organization and public policies – characteristics
of agricultural activity – micro analysis for agricultural
economics and the effect of government intervention in
economic activity – problems of the agricultural economy –
agricultural and rural development – structure of the
agricultural credit – rent and agricultural productivity –
agricultural integration – agricultural technologies.
-Current international economic problems: (third year
economics)
Problems of international trade agreements and its effect on
developed and underdeveloped countries – different
economic blocks and its problems – foreign debts and its
economic burden on debtor countries – the impact of
economic reform on economic problems – conditions
required by international financing institutions in order to
benefit from different financing programs – problems
associated with capital and labor movement between
different countries.
-Mathematical economics: (third year economics)
Modeling economic phenomena – mathematically: the subject
covers mathematical models in economics in the following
cases:
-Linear and non linear equations equations equations
equations equations equations: D, S.
-Equilibrium and national income model.
-Input - output models.
-Differentiation: optimization in consumer and producer
choice.
-Integration: investment models, consumer and producer
surplus.
-Exponential and difference equation: growth models.
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-Linear programming: optimization.
-Game theory.
-General equation.
-Specialized studies in English: (third year- economics)
A number of different subjects in the field of economics are
being taught in order to train the student on how to read
and write complete subjects in English.
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Fourth year:
-Exports and imports regimes: (fourth year foreign trade)
Economic importance and rationalizing investment in
foreign trade sector– exports and imports regimes (special
custom regimes, payment methods in foreign trade,
procedures and stages for exporting and importing,
monitoring exports, customs clearance procedures) – role of
exhibitions and international markets in organizing exports
– role of information and knowledge in directing exports
and imports systems – maritime transportation and its
importance in managing foreign trade – managing exports
and imports systems under the addition of public giant
projects – commercial terminology’s related to foreign trade
sector – presenting some documents used in implementing
exports and imports procedures through different stages.
-Economics of Maritime, air, and road Transportation: (fourth
year foreign trade)
Nature and concept of transportation economics – relation
between transportation and location – determinants of the
demand for transportation – supply of transportation
services and pricing policies – transportation and economic
development – trade in services and its relation to
transportation – challenge of transportation sector in
underdeveloped countries – role of transportation sector in
achieving international trade efficiency – economics of
maritime transportation – supply and demand analysis in
freight market.
-Foreign trade in Egypt: (fourth year foreign trade)
Importance of exports – general trends for commodity
exports development - general trends for agricultural
exports development – GATT and agricultural goods
liberalization and its economic effects on the Egyptian
economy – general tends for industrial exports development
– sources of financing exports – importance of imports –
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trends in commodity imports – reasons for the rise in
Egyptian commodity imports – development of balance of
trade deficit, reasons for the deficit – suggested strategies to
overcome the balance of trade deficit.
-Customs: (fourth year foreign trade)
Definitions and dimensions – custom regimes – customs and
trade liberalization – customs globalization – international
customs organization– customs development and renovation
trends – UNCTAD model for efficiency in trade and its
relation to customs sectors –customs evaluation and value
determination - origin rules – regional and international
agreements –customs clearance.
-International economic blocks: (fourth year foreign trade)
International economic blocks; definition, importance and
the objective of forming it – regional economic integration –
definition, objectives and degrees of economic integration –
most important experiments in economic integration (the
European union, NAFTA, ASEAN, APEC, African
economic integration, COMESA, Arab common market) –
the future of the world’s economic blocks and the need for a
common Arab house – phenomena of merging and
internationalizing companies - experiment of Gulf
cooperation council – assumed model for economic
development integration.
-Foreign trade Problems: (fourth year foreign trade)
Specialization problem an international trade in raw
materials – concentration problem in foreign trade –
instability problem in international trade – industrialization
problem in underdeveloped countries – determining and
instability in exchange rates – international trade
restrictions and its effects -under the current economic
system – monetary crisis and international trade –
international debt problem – WTO and international trade
problems in underdeveloped countries – imported inflation
– liberalization problems in Egypt.
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-Specialized studies in English: (fourth year- foreign trade)
A number of different subjects in the field of foreign trade
are being taught in English in order to train the student how
to read and write complete subjects in English.
-Economic planning: (fourth year economics)
Definition and motives for economic planning (macro and
micro) – planning problem and economic policy tools –
planning methodology and its types - value criteria and
efficiency criterion –planning models – elements of planning
operations (investment – choosing the project – prices
problem…etc) – planning performance criterion – shadow
prices – cases of planning– economic policy approach in
planning – current models (input/output – good balances).
-Current local economic problems: (fourth year economics/
international relations)
Current situation of the Egyptian economy under the
regional and the international level – development of the
Egyptian economy since the mixed economy (1952-1960),
planned economy (1960-1965), war economy (1967-1970),
open economy since 1973 and finally the economic reform
and reallocation – population problem, power, food security,
internal and external debts, Egyptian economic reform
problems, economic results for peace in the middle east, the
extent of competition and integration between its economies
with respect to commodity exchange, human resources and
labor movement, monetary and financial cooperation, joint
ventures, fields of cooperation in water, environment and
technology – the great economic power and the regional
economic cooperation in the middle east – problems of
privatizing the public industrial, agricultural and services
sector – problems of applying Uruguay round on the
Egyptian economy - economic liberalization problems in the
scope of the fiscal and monetary policies – extent of
Egyptian Arabic economic cooperation – competing abilities
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of the Egyptian economy in the assumed middle east market
– problems of the shadow and informal economy – problems
of measuring gross domestic product deflator and the price
level in Egypt .
-Social economics: (fourth year economics)******
Labor as an economic phenomena – labor market – labor
productivity and wages determination under free market
and under unions intervention – modern theories in labor
economics since 1960 till to date – effect of bargaining
between the state and labor unions – labor distinguishment
– human investment – search for work – institutional theory
– new theories in studying labor markets – extent of
relevancy of the new theory to underdeveloped countries –
informal labor markets – international immigration for
labor and international labor organizations – studying labor
market in Egypt – economic minorities – election theory
and the political market – family surveys and welfare
economics – family sector and consumption, work and
saving preferences – social structure of economic sectors and
markets – various applications (health economics,
education…etc).
-Population economics: (fourth year economics)
Population (problems and policies) – population demographic
phenomenon- determinants of population growth (birth, death,
life expectancy, immigration) – measuring population growth
rate – population growth theories and the optimal population
size – population collective needs - social indices – social
diseases - standard of living; components, its plan,
measurement, enhancement –population behavior indices –
social pollution phenomena – population problem in
underdeveloped countries and how to solve it – population and
work – diseases which can spread collectively, such as HIV,
and possible methods to contain, combat and prevent them population problem in Egypt – population policies – social
problems economics ( applying economic analysis on important
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social problems like inflation, unemployment, poverty,
discrimination, crime, securing clean environment, economic
insecurity and absence of social balance – population
economics and the government subsidy – population and the
environment – new look to population problem and its relation
to social health and its economic impacts.
-Economic policies and systems: (fourth year economics)
Development of economic systems (family system /rural
system/urban economy) – phases of economic systems –
recent
economic
systems
–
economic
policies
(objectives/tools) – economic policy models – economic
systems in Europe – capitalist system its stages of
development – economic systems and international
agreements – recent international blocks.
-Econometrics: (fourth year economics)
Definition, objective and methodologies – mathematical
presentation regression models (linear, nonlinear, exponential,
quadratic, logarithmic) - simple regression model – multiple
regression model – dynamic models – simultaneous equation
models – auto-correlation - heteroscedasticity- multi
colinearity – evaluating regression models and its use in
economic predictions – economic applications on the micro and
the macro level.
-National accounts: (fourth year economics)
Definition and importance of national accounts – basic
national accounts (national income accounts, capital accounts,
investment accounts, finance accounts and gaps, foreign trade
accounts) – input and output tables – planning economic
decisions in economic sectors – standardizing national accounts
– case studies of public activities.
-Development of economic thought: (fourth year economics)
Mercantilist’s school and thought – naturalist’s school and
thought – traditionalist’s school and thought – Adam Smith,
John Stewart Mill, Carl Marx – historical German school –
marginal school – monetarist school – structuralism school –
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welfare analysis – Keynesian school – growth and development
thought (Keynesians, monetarists, structuralists) – Chicago
school – recent thought.
-Economics of Egypt and the Arab countries: (fourth year
economics)
Characteristics of Arab agriculture, its problems and
possibilities
of
Arab
agricultural
integration
–
characteristics of Arab mining, forms and importance –
characteristics of Arab industry, its problems and
possibilities of integration – characteristics of human Arab –
characteristics of financial Arab – possibilities of Arab
economic integration – economic reform in Egypt since
1990’s till to date – problem of international reserves in
Egypt– currency crisis and dollarization problem in Egypt –
sources of comparative advantage and competing advantage
in the Egyptian economy specially in the services sector and
the food industry.
-Specialized studies in European language: (fourth yeareconomics)
A number of different subjects in the field of economics are
being taught in order to train the student on how to read and
write complete subjects in English.
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