Semester 1 Study Guide-7th Grade Name________________________ 1. How did the Huang He River get its name? Muddy yellow silt it carries 2. What is the name of the world’s highest mountain range? Himalayas 3. What are the main environmental problems in China? Air pollution, water pollution, overpopulation 4. What is a monsoon? Seasonal winds 5. What three countries border the Jordan River? Jordan, Israel, Syria 6. What is the climate of SW Asia? Hot and dry , arid 7. What are the two most valuable natural resources in SW Asia? Oil and natural gas 8. What keeps the countries of SW Asia from being able to use drip irrigation and desalination to solve the problem of lack of fresh water? Technology is too expensive 9. Where is the Shinto religion practiced? Japan 10. Who was the founder of Buddhism? Siddhartha Gautama 11. What are the three main religious groups of Southwest Asia? Christianity, Islam, Judaism 12. What are the five pillars? Five basic obligations that Muslims must live by 13. What is Shariah Law? Islamic law based on the Quran 14. Which religion do the following sacred text belong to: Vedas- Hinduism Bible- Christianity Quran- Islam Torah- Judaism 15. Who controls the power in each of these types of government: Unitary- Central government Federal- power is shared between central and regional governments Confederal- Regional governments distribute power 16. Who makes the decisions in each of these types of government: Democracy-the people Autocracy-rule by one Oligarchy-small group/ a few Theocracy-religious leaders 17. Monarchies and Dictatorships are what types of governments? Autocratic 18. In a parliamentary democracy the leader/head of the country is chosen by whom? Legislative branch 19. In a presidential democracy the leader is chosen by whom? The people 20. The leader of the parliament is usually called what? Prime minister 21. What type of government do the following countries have: China-communist India-parliamentary democracy Japan-parliamentary democracy Israel-parliamentary democracy Saudi Arabia-absolute monarchy Iran-theocratic republic 22. What is the name of the parliament of: Japan-the Diet Israel-the Knesset 23. Describe these economic decisions are made in these three types of economies Traditional-based on tradition, custom, and habit Command-government makes economic decisions Market-consumers and individuals make economic decisions 24. Why do most countries have a mixed economy? Combination of market and command 25. Which country we studied has a command economy? North Korea 26. Name and describe three types of trade barriers. A.Tariff- tax placed on imported goods B.Quota- limit on amount of goods that can come into a country C.Embargo- stopping trade with a country for political or economic reasons 27. What is specialization? Encourages trade between nations 28. What is the definition of GDP? Total value of goods and services produced in a country in a year 29. What is GDP per capita? Total value of goods and services produced in a country in a year divided by the number of people living there 30. Name some examples of investing in human capital? Skills, training, and education workers have 31. Name some examples of capital goods? Money, technology, factories, machinery 32. What is an entrepreneur? A person who takes a risk to start a business 33. What is OPEC and why was it created? Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries was created to regulate supply and price of oil 34. What country was controlling India before their independence movement? Great Britain 35. Who was the leader of India’s Independence Movement? Mohandas Gandhi 36. What country was controlling Vietnam before their independence movement? France 37. Who was the leader of Vietnam’s independence movement? Ho Chi Minh 32. What were: The Great Leap ForwardMao’s attempt to improve China’s economy The Cultural RevolutionMao created this program in the 1960’s to elimination anyone who criticized the Chinese government 33. Who was the Chinese leader when all of these events took place? Mao Zedong 34. Why did the United States intervene in Korea and Vietnam? Stop spread of communism 35. What country did the US help rebuild after WWII and why did we help them? Japan 36. After WWI, when the Ottoman Empire was divided, who drew up the boundaries? Politicians from European countries. 37. What is Zionism? A belief that Jews were entitled to return to their early biblical homeland of Israel 38. Why did the US bomb and invade Afghanistan in 2001? The US thought that Afghanistan was protecting al-Qaeda, the terrorist group who bombed the US on 9/11/01 39. Which country did Saddam Hussein rule? Iraq