The Later Roman Republic: End of Punic Wars to 100 BCE
1) The Territorial Expansion of Rome after the Punic Wars
a. Africa:
b. Asia:
c. Gaul:
d. Illyricum & the rest:
e. Overall – what did Rome look like by the end of the 2nd Century BCE?
2) The Government of the Provinces
a. Who governed Rome’s new provinces?
b. What was the condition of the provincial people?
c. How was the taxation of the provinces treated?
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3) Domestic Politics & Society
a. While Roman control was expanding outward, what was happening to
political power within the city? How had the government begun to
change?
b. Slaves –
c. Women –
d. Serious social tension had been building up between which groups due to
these political and social changes?
4) The Brothers Gracchi
a. Who was Tiberius Gracchus? What reforms did he work to enact?
b. What happened to him?
c. Who was Gaius Gracchus? What agricultural reforms did he work for?
d. What political and social changes did Gaius want?What happened to him?
e. Why were the Gracchi brothers different from most Roman politicians at
the time?
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5) War in Numidia & Marius’ Army
a. Who was Jugurtha? What problems was he causing?
b. Who was finally elected commander in hopes of ending the War with
Numidia?
c. How did Marius change the army?
d. How did the Numidian War end?
6) The End of the 2nd Century BCE
a. What did Marius achieve after the Numidian conflict politically?
Militarily?
b. What “dangerous precedent” had Marius and the senate set with regards
to the Roman army?
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