Name: __________________________________ Period: _____________________ Date: ___________
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A3 TEST – Mountains and Volcanoes
“Movement of rock builds Mountains.”
1.
How is the formation of mountain belts related to tectonic plate boundaries?
The formation of mountain belts form along convergent plate boundaries. Convergent plate boundaries join
together and push land together to form mountains.
2.
How do folded mountains form?
Folded mountains form as rocks fold where the crust is being pushed together.
3. If I wanted to travel somewhere on our planet to see real folded mountains, what country/region could I go to and what
would be the name of the mountains I should go see?
Folded mountains:
eastern United States, Appalachian Mountains
western United States, Rocky Mountains
4. How do fault-block mountains form?
Fault-block mountains form as blocks of rocks move up or down along normal faults where the crust is being
stretched. They grow in short bursts with earthquakes.
5. If I wanted to travel somewhere on our planet to see real fault-block mountains, what country/region could I go to and
what would be the name of the mountains I should go see?
Fault-block mountains:
Southwest United States, Sierra Nevada Mountains
6.
Analyze: The Ural Mountain belt is no longer along the edge of a tectonic plate. Would you expect the Urals to be tall
and steep or low and rounded? Why?
The Urals would be low and rounded because they are older and are not building up any more. They have been
eroded and weathered.
7.
Synthesize: How could it be possible for a mountain range to be continually pushed up but not get any higher above
sea level?
Because the mountain range would be eroded and weathered down as time goes on.
8. Analyze: Create a line graph that shows how the heights of two different mountains changes as they formed. One line
should show the formation of a folded mountain (, and one line should show the formation of a fault-block mountain.
The x-axis should be “Time,” and the y-axis should be “Height.” The line for the
folded mountain should be labeled “Mountain A” and colored blue. The line for the fault-block mountain should be
labeled “Mountain B” and colored red.
Explain the reasoning behind your line graph creation.
Mountain A should be a steady incline because
folded mountains increase gradually in height over
time.
Mountain B should be jagged like steps going up
because it builds in short spurts with earthquake
activity.
Name: __________________________________ Period: _____________________ Date: ___________
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“Volcanoes form as molten rock erupts.”
9. Where are most volcanoes located, and why are they located there?
Most volcanoes are located along divergent and convergent boundaries where subduction happens because
magma heats up and rises there.
10. How does the type of material that erupts from a volcano determine the shape or dangerous nature of the
volcano? (Hint: silica)
Higher amounts of silica in a volcano make for a more dangerous/violent eruption. Lower amounts of
silica in a volcano make for a less dangerous/less violent eruption.
11. Describe at least three different conditions scientists examine when they monitor volcanoes.
Scientists monitor volcanoes by observing increases in earthquakes, changes in the tilt of the ground,
increases in temperatures, and changes in volcanic gases given off.
12. Compare and Contrast: List the three main kinds of volcanoes, and explain their defining characteristics.
Shield Volcano: largest, flattest, and broadest (least destructive)
Cinder Cone: steep and small
Composite Volcano: large and cone-shaped (most destructive)
“Volcanoes affect Earth’s land, air, and water.”
13. Describe (don’t just list) three ways in which heavy ash fall from a volcanic eruption can affect Earth’s
surface.
collapse of roofs, suffocation of plants and animals, clogged machinery, slippery roads, mudflows, and
richer soils over time
14. How do large amounts of volcanic gases affect weather around Earth? Why?
Volcanic gases can form a haze that clocks sunlight and lowers average temperatures. They also cause acid
rain.
15. Why do hot springs occur in volcanic areas?
Hot springs occur in volcanic areas because magma and hot rock heat groundwater.
16. What do geysers and deep-sea vents have in common? How are they different?
Very hot water shoots out of both. Geysers form on land, while deep-sea vents form in the ocean.
17. Which is more dangerous, a pyroclastic flow or a mudflow? Explain your reasoning.
Both can be deadly. Given warning, people can leave the area to avoid pyroclastic flows during an
eruption, but mudflows can occur for many years after an eruption.
Name: __________________________________ Period: _____________________ Date: ___________
18. Ice in Greenland and Antarctica contains layers of ash from eruptions that occurred many thousands of years
ago (after Pangaea). How do you think the ash reached the ice, and why is it preserved?
Winds carried the ash to the ice, and new snow covered the ash and trapped it.
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