FACULTY OF VETERINARY MEDICINE
Vth YEAR COURSE IN SMALL ANIMAL CLINICAL STUDIES
CURRICULUM FOR THE DEGREE OF BVMS
COURSE INFORMATION
Academic Year 2005-2006
Course Leader and Co-ordinator:
ac.uk
Course Quality Assurance Officer:
Code: 3DAY
533557804
Dr. Jim Anderson
T.J.Anderson@vet.gla.
Vicki Dale
PLEASE NOTE
Items contained within this Course Information Document are sometimes unavoidably
subject to change. It is the student’s responsibility to ensure they are aware of the
correct lecture, practical, tutorial and examination schedules. Lecture venues may be
changed during the course. The Year Notice boards and email should be checked daily.
In light of student feedback and External Examiner comments the following changes
have been made:
Code of Professional Conduct to Fitness to Practice. You are reminded that you will be
expected to have read the above code, sign for it and implemented during your time in the
course.
Contents
1
PLACE OF THE COURSE IN THE BVMS CURRICULUM ................................................................. 2
2
AIMS OF THE COURSE ............................................................................................................................ 2
3
LEARNING OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE.......................................................................................... 2
4
COMPONENTS OF THE COURSE .......................................................................................................... 3
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
5
ONCOLOGY .............................................................................................................................................. 3
SOFT TISSUE SURGERY ............................................................................................................................ 3
INTERNAL MEDICINE ............................................................................................................................... 4
NEUROLOGY ............................................................................................................................................ 4
ORTHOPAEDICS........................................................................................................................................ 4
ANAESTHESIA .......................................................................................................................................... 5
SPEY CLINIC ............................................................................................................................................ 6
BEHAVIOUR AND PAIN CLINICS ............................................................................................................... 6
CAGED PETS ............................................................................................................................................ 7
DERMATOLOGY ....................................................................................................................................... 7
OPHTHALMOLOGY ................................................................................................................................... 7
PDSA ...................................................................................................................................................... 8
DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING.............................................................................................................................. 8
HOSPITAL & CRITICAL CARE ................................................................................................................... 9
TRIAGE & CRITICAL CARE ....................................................................................................................... 9
ETHICS AND WELFARE............................................................................................................................. 9
COURSE CONTENT ................................................................................................................................. 10
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
HOSPITAL ROTATIONS ............................................................................................................................ 10
BEFORE THE WEEK STARTS .................................................................................................................... 11
START OF THE WEEK .............................................................................................................................. 11
“OUT-OF-HOURS” DUTY ......................................................................................................................... 11
CASE LOG .............................................................................................................................................. 12
GRAND ROUNDS .................................................................................................................................... 12
CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CASE DEMONSTRATIONS .................................................................................. 12
TEACHING OF FOURTH YEAR STUDENTS ................................................................................................. 12
GUEST LECTURES................................................................................................................................... 12
6
COURSE TEXT & REQUIRED READING............................................................................................ 13
7
TEACHING HOURS AND METHODS................................................................................................... 13
8
METHODS OF ASSESSMENT ................................................................................................................ 14
8.1
8.2
8.3
ASSESSMENT OF STUDENT LEARNING AND THE COURSE ........................................................................ 14
CLASS EXAMINATIONS AND COURSE WORK .......................................................................................... 14
FINAL PROFESSIONAL EXAMINATION –- REGULATIONS ......................................................................... 15
8.4
8.5
8.6
9
MARKING PROCEDURES IN SMALL ANIMAL CLINICAL STUDIES ............................................................. 15
EXTERNAL EXAMINER ........................................................................................................................... 16
PRIZES ................................................................................................................................................... 16
POLICY IN EXEMPTIONS AND EXAM ENROLMENT .................................................................... 17
10
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION............................................................................................ 18
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING, HEALTH & SAFETY ......................................................................................... 18
STUDENT SUPPORT & STAFF/STUDENT LIAISON .................................................................................... 19
TEACHING PERSONNEL .......................................................................................................................... 20
TIMETABLES .......................................................................................................................................... 21
11
SAMPLE EXAMINATION PAPERS ................................................................................................... 23
12
CORE COMPETENCIES (RCVS) ....................................................................................................... 23
13
SSPCA, PDSA AND DERMATOLOGY REFERRAL PRACTICE .................................................. 25
14
SSPCA BITCH SPAY NOTES .............................................................................................................. 28
1
PLACE OF THE COURSE IN THE BVMS CURRICULUM
The Faculty of Veterinary Medicine is one Department divided into 5 divisions, with four support units.
The Division of Companion Animal Sciences and the Clinical Services Unit provide the majority of staff
involved in teaching the final year BVMS course. The 24 weeks of clinical teaching in Small Animal
Clinical Studies alternate monthly with Large Animal. Details of student groups and clinical rotations
within small animal clinical studies are included in this handout.
Final year is virtually lecture free, the course being based on casework; however, you will need to recall
knowledge from all previous years of study and in addition, broaden and deepen your understanding of
veterinary medicine and surgery, utilising a wide variety of sources. At this stage in your
undergraduate career, you should be taking a responsible and mature attitude to your free time
and wherever possible you should use the Library and Computer Centre facilities, read widely and
maintain good attendance throughout the year. Please read your relevant 4th year course material
before each of your clinical rotations. Be prepared to participate as much as possible and you will
enjoy the year so much more.
2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
3

AIMS OF THE COURSE
To integrate the factual material of the fourth year didactic course into the clinical setting
To develop practical skills and expand knowledge of epidemiology, pathogenesis, therapies and
preventive measures relating to small animal diseases
To consolidate skills in history taking, clinical examination and in formulating a list of problems
and differential diagnoses
To develop and enhance problem-solving ability
To develop a sense of care and responsibility to patients and to their owners
To develop communication skills with staff, peers and the public
To develop interpersonal skills and appreciate working as a team
To develop good professional attitude and take a pride in professional appearance and
professional behaviour
To develop further the spirit of intellectual curiosity and academic enquiry
To gain confidence in maintenance of accurate records and preparation of reports
To consolidate knowledge or legislation/certification relevant to individual animal species
To integrate clinical experience of extra-mural rotations into the structured teaching environment
To be able meet the (RCVS) Core Competencies required of a new graduate as far as small
animal studies are concerned
LEARNING OBJECTIVE OF THE COURSE
The objective of the small animal clinical studies final year course is to produce a newly
qualified graduate who is competent in the basic clinical skills relating to small animal practice
and feels confident to practice the art and science of small animal veterinary medicine and
surgery in the general practice environment, with due regard to the RCVS Core Competencies.
2
4
COMPONENTS OF THE COURSE
4.1
Oncology
Dr. J. Morris, Mr Rory Bell & Ms Lise Nielson
AIMS
1.
To train students in the fundamentals of history taking, clinical examination and diagnostic
techniques as they apply to oncology and haematology cases
2.
To allow students to apply their theoretical knowledge to clinical oncology
3.
To train students in the importance of clinical pathology and to allow them to gain experience
particularly in interpretative haematology and cytology
4.
To train students in the importance of biopsy and to introduce them to basic biopsy techniques
5.
To train students in the practical application of the various modalities of treatment for neoplastic
disease
6.
To train students to understand the practical aspects of cancer chemotherapy and the importance
of safety in handling and disposal of cytotoxic drugs
OBJECTIVES
1.
The student will be able to take a detailed clinical history relating to neoplastic and
haematological cases
2.
The student will be able to recognise the general signs of neoplastic and haematological disease.
3.
The student will be able to justify further investigations and interpret haematological, blood
biochemical and urinary biochemical data relating to specific diseases
4.
The student will know the value and indications for biopsies and the different procedures
available
******************************************
4.2
Soft Tissue Surgery
Mr Donald Sheahan, Professor Martin Sullivan & Ms Keiri Jermyn
AIMS
1.
2.
3.
To allow the student to apply their theoretical knowledge in a real clinical situation
To allow students to recognise the importance of history taking and sensing owners needs/desires
To develop an awareness of the decision making that is necessary in soft tissue surgery
OBJECTIVES
1.
The student through participation in consultations will become competent in history taking,
clinical examination and client communication
2.
The student will be given supervised responsibility for cases to enable them to use a problem
solving approach to the case, and determine what ancillary aids are required for final diagnosis,
and be able to interpret the results of these tests
3.
The student will collaborate in formulating a treatment plan based on sound surgical principles,
being at all times aware of the wishes of the client
4.
The student will participate in surgical procedures enabling them to develop manual dexterity
and an appreciation of tissue handling
******************************************
3
4.3
Internal Medicine
Dr Ian Ramsey, Ms Clare Knottenbelt, Mr Aitor Artega, Mr Andrea Zoia & Ms Alix
Thompson
AIMS
1.
To train students in the fundamentals of history taking, clinical examination and basic diagnostic
techniques as they apply to internal medicine cases, including cardiorespiratory
2.
To allow practical application of the theoretical knowledge obtained through the fourth year
lecture course to these clinical cases
3.
To introduce students to the interpretation of blood biochemical, haematological, microbiological
and urine analyses as they pertain to clinical cases
4.
To inform students of, and allow experience in, the various treatment modalities for internal
medical diseases
5.
To introduce students to the benefits of dietary therapeutics and instruction in calculation of feed
intake
OBJECTIVES
1.
The student will be able to take a detailed history relating to internal medical disease inc cardiorespiratory
2.
The student will be able to recognise and treat common internal medical disorders and gain
experience in the approach to their diagnosis, particularly problem-solving
3.
The student will be able to justify the use of further diagnostic tests and to interpret the common
tests used for investigation
4.
The student will be aware of the range of therapeutic diets, their indications and feeding regime
******************************************
4.4
Neurology
Professor Ian Griffiths, Dr James Anderson, Dr Jacques Penderis, Dr Christine Thomson,
Ms Kelly Chang & Ms Rita Goncalves
Specialist Services II
AIMS
1.
To train students in the principles of history taking in neurology cases
2.
To train students in the detailed clinical examination of neurological cases and how to localise
lesions within the nervous system
3.
To provide practical instruction in the use of certain diagnostic equipment relevant to the nervous
system, in particular, radiography (including myelography) and electromyography
4.
To instruct the student in treatment options for the more common neurological diseases
OBJECTIVES
1.
The student will be able to differentiate diseases of the peripheral nervous system, spinal cord,
brain and muscle by clinical examination
2.
The student will know the importance of routine diagnostic procedures, including myelography
3.
The student will be familiar with the treatment options for the more common neurological and
muscular diseases
******************************************
4.5
Orthopaedics
Professor David Bennett, Professor Stuart Carmichael, Mr Mike Farrell, Mr Luke Arnott
& Ms Davinia Draffan
AIMS
1.
To allow students to apply their theoretical knowledge to clinical orthopaedic cases
4
2.
3.
4.
5.
To train students in history-taking relating to orthopaedic cases and in recognising patterns of
lameness
To instruct students how to carry out a detailed clinical examination of the musculoskeletal
system and to recognise some of the common orthopaedic conditions affecting small animals and
know how they are treated
To instruct students how to use the main aids for diagnosis of bone and joint disease, in
particular, radiography and synovial fluid analysis
To teach students basic surgical principles, an awareness of asepsis in a clinical setting, basic
tissue handling and wound creation and repair and providing an insight into the diversity of
surgical techniques necessary for treatment of certain orthopaedic conditions
OBJECTIVES
1.
Students will be able to recognise lameness and be able to carry out a detailed clinical
examination to localise the lameness
2.
The student will be able to justify the use of diagnostic aids and be able to interpret them at a
basic level, particularly radiographs of bones and joints
3.
A knowledge of synovial fluid cytology and its relevance to the diagnosis of joint disease will
also be gained
4.
The student will have the basic skills to collect synovial fluid samples
5.
Therapeutic options for the common orthopaedic diseases of the dogs and cats will be known and
students will appreciate all that is involved in good case management from its initial examination
to the post-operative care
******************************************
4.6
Anaesthesia
Professor Jacky Reid, Mr Derek Flaherty, Dr Pat Pawson & Mr Adam Auckburally
AIMS
1.
To allow students to apply their theoretical knowledge in the practice of clinical anaesthesia
2.
To instruct students how to recognise those parts of the case history which will affect/determine
the anaesthetic protocol
3.
To teach students to examine animals clinically prior to anaesthesia, with particular reference to
the cardiovascular and respiratory systems
4.
To instruct students in the interpretation of laboratory results relevant to anaesthesia
5.
To instruct students how to devise appropriate anaesthetic protocols for individual animals
6.
To teach practical skills relating to anaesthesia such as, venous and arterial cannulation,
intravenous technique, endotracheal intubation
7.
To instruct students in the use of various anaesthetic agents & circuits, the anaesthetic machine
and monitoring techniques commonly used in anaesthesia (ECG, arterial blood pressure, central
venous pressure, capnography, pulse oximetry)
8.
To teach students how to record an anaesthetic procedure accurately
9.
To instruct students in the basic principles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation
10.
To teach students the basic principles of immediate post-operative care of surgical cases
OBJECTIVES
1.
Students will be able to recognise clinical features, which are likely to affect anaesthetic outcome
and classify animals in terms of anaesthetic risk
2.
Students will be able to use their clinical findings along with various diagnostic aids and
laboratory tests and interpret these in order to formulate the optimum anaesthetic protocol for
each individual case.
3.
Students will be able to induce and maintain general anaesthesia safely in a variety of domestic
species, and administer appropriate care in the post-operative period
4.
Students will have an understanding of how to anaesthetise poor risk patients in such a way as to
minimise the risk of anaesthesia
5
5.
Students will have an understanding of how to deal with anaesthetic emergencies
******************************************
4.7
Spay Clinic
Ian Futter (SSPCA)
Soft tissue rotation
AIMS
1.
To allow students to carry out spey and castrations under supervision
2.
To allow students exposure to an animal welfare environment
OBJECTIVES
1.
Students will have put into practice theoretical knowledge
2.
Students will acquire confidence in routine spey and castrations
3.
Students will recognise stages in the surgical procedure from which complications may arise
4.
Students will be able to carry out a health check on dogs and cats
4.8
Behaviour and Pain Clinics
Ms Samantha Lindley (Hon Lect)
Specialist services I
AIMS:
1
2
3
4
5
To expose students to the variety of behaviour problem cases referred to GUVS.
To explain the and demonstrate the depth of history required to deal with these problems
To demonstrate where relevant the practical approach to these problems
To highlight the potential clinical causes of behaviour problems
To explain the therapeutic programmes in the light of owner requirement, animal welfare and
safety issues.
OBJECTIVES:
1
Students should be aware of some of the causes of behaviour problems.
2
Students should be aware of the importance of thorough history taking.
3
Students should be aware that some problems require a practical approach
4
Students should be aware that clinical problems can cause behaviour problems
5
Students should be aware that behaviour problems cause welfare problems for the animal, safety
problems for the public and other animals and emotional problems for owners.
PAIN AND REHABILITATION CLINIC
AIMS:
1
2
3
4
To expose students to the idea that pain can constitute disease as well as being part of it.
To demonstrate that pain and suffering can be measured separately
To demonstrate that measuring pain and suffering is not straightforward and how it might be
achieved.
To explain some of the therapies, both conventional, complementary and behavioural that can
make an impact on suffering.
OBJECTIVES:
1
Students should have a better understanding of chronic pain
2
Students should have an understanding of the variety of approaches to dealing with chronic pain
and suffering
6
4.9
Exotic Pets
Mr Alistair Lawrie (Hon Lect) & Mrs Sharon Smith (VN)
Specialist services I
AIMS
1
To instruct students how to assess diseases in caged pets, including mice, rats, gerbils, hamsters,
guinea pigs, rabbits, reptiles (snakes, frogs, terrapins, tortoises etc)
2
To instruct students in how to treat disease in these animals, particularly highlighting problems
with anaesthesia, surgical techniques and drug therapies
3
To alert students to the many husbandry problems which can occur when keeping these pets
OBJECTIVES
1
Students will become familiar with the handling and husbandry of many of the caged pets
2
Students will become aware of some of the common disorders affecting these animals
4
Students will become aware of some of the problems in treating caged pets
4.10 Dermatology
(Mr Peter Forsythe (Hon Lect)
Specialist services I
AIMS
1.
To expose students to dermatological cases referred to the GUVS small animal clinic
2.
To allow students, where possible, to practice and refine history taking, clinical examination and
diagnostic skills
3.
To develop a problem orientated approach to cases
OBJECTIVES
1.
Take a dermatological history
2.
Carry out a dermatological examination
3.
Formulate a diagnostic plan
4.
Be able to carry out basic dermatological testing and interpret the results
5.
Know the value of skin biopsies when they are indicated and how to collect them
6.
Know the therapeutic approaches to the commonly diagnosed skin diseases
4.11 Ophthalmology
(Mr G. Peplinski)
Specialist Services II
AIMS
1.
To train students in the principles of ophthalmic history-taking and clinical evaluation by
involving them as fully as possible in the examination of referred patients
2.
To train students in the principles of ophthalmic surgery by observation and participation in
surgical management, so far as number and types of operation permit
3.
To provide practical instruction in the use of routine diagnostic equipment on live animals of
various species
4.
To provide supplementary teaching material in the form of annotated slide sets, library facilities
and computer-aided learning material to ensure familiarity with a wide range of conditions
independent of the available referred clinical caseload
OBJECTIVES
1.
Students should be competent in the use of routine ophthalmic diagnostic equipment and be able
to carry out a non-specialist ophthalmic examination
2.
Students should be able to recognise the normal ocular anatomy and fundus appearances of the
important domestic species
3.
Students should be familiar with the general principles of ophthalmic medical and surgical
management
7
4.12 PDSA
Sue Henderson, Ms Jenny Hammond & Dr. Ian Ramsey
AIMS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
To allow the students access to first opinion cases
To allow the students to develop their skills in history taking and clinical examination
To allow students to formulate lists of problems and differential diagnoses
To allow students to develop their communication skills with the pet owning public
To instruct students in the therapeutic approach to first opinion cases and how this varies from
the referral case
OBJECTIVES
1.
Students will gain the experience and confidence to:
2.
communicate with owners,
3.
carry out clinical examinations in a first opinion clinic,
4
make informed decisions on the management of individual cases
******************************************
4.13 Diagnostic Imaging
Professor Martin Sullivan, Mrs Alison King, Mr. Calum Paterson Mr Gawain Hammond,
Ines Carrera, Mrs Jill Cameron & Mrs Nicki Milne
AIMS
1.
To provide the student with the skills and confidence to carry out radiography
2.
To provide the student with a basic grounding in image interpretation
OBJECTIVES
1. Radiography
 The student will become familiar with routine patient, x-ray tube and film positioning
 Through evaluation of films the student will be provided with training in assessment and
selection of exposure settings
 The student will become competent in darkroom technique
 The student will be instilled with the importance of film identification and filing
2. Interpretation
 The student will be given the opportunity to personally interpret all X-ray films taken during the
rotation
 By reviewing and discussing their reports opportunities for improvement will be highlighted
 Through oral interpretations and tutorials the student will gain confidence in their interpretative
skills
3.
Ultrasonography
 Through handling ultrasound probes and observing scanning on clinical cases, the student will
gain experience in elementary ultrasonography
8
4.14 Hospital & Critical Care
Dr. Ian Ramsey & Interns
AIMS
1.
To allow students to develop a sense of care and responsibility to patients under their care and to
the owners of these animals
2.
To allow students to develop communication skills with clinicians, nurses, peers and the public
3.
To allow students to develop interpersonal skills and appreciate working in teams
4.
To encourage students to maintain a high standard of professional attitude and conduct
5.
To demonstrate to the students, the importance of “out-of-hours” work to the welfare of their
patients, particularly the monitoring and therapy of critically ill patients
6.
To instruct students in the recognition of patients in emergency situations and how these can be
dealt with
OBJECTIVES
1.
Students should be able to quickly assess patients for critical problems and prioritise their needs
(triage)
2.
Students should become familiar with restraint procedures in injured and sick animals
3
Students should be able to use laboratory facilities for urgent biochemical and haematological
analysis
4.
Students should develop the skills necessary to collect samples necessary for case management
5.
Students should have the skills to administer medicines or other treatments to patients as
necessary
6.
The student’s level of confidence and experience will be increased as a further preparation for
general practice
4.15 Triage & Critical Care
(Angela Dickie, Clare Knottenbelt & Interns)
Intended Learning Outcomes
1. An understanding of management of critical care patients in the hospital.
2. Be capable of dealing with critical care patients in a practice environment (understanding of
costs, fluid therapy etc)
3. Become responsible for critical care decision making
4. Communication with colleagues, staff and owners
5. Assessment of emergency cases, prioritisation of management and investigations and
maintenance of high welfare standards
6. Practical veterinary skills (catheter maintenance, feeding tubes etc)
7. Interpretation of test results in critical patients
8. Accurate record keeping and its central role when duties are being shared
4.16 Ethics and Welfare
(Dr Dorothy McKeegan)
This course contains material from the Welfare and Ethics Module. The module is incorporated
into several courses throughout the BVMS curriculum and is taught almost exclusively by the
BVA Animal Welfare Foundation Lecturer, Dr Dorothy Mc Keegan. Elements of the module
are designed to appear at appropriate points within relevant courses and the overall aim is to
increase students’ knowledge and awareness of animal welfare science and ethics in both
veterinary and wider contexts.
9
5
COURSE CONTENT
The distribution of the lectures/seminars are shown in the timetables which will be distributed in printed form and
are available on Moodle.
5.1
Hospital rotations
For each 4-week period you spend in the Small Animal Hospital you will pass through four weekly
rotations. It is important to note that these four rotations will be linked to varying degrees according to
the rotation leaders. There may, for example, be tutorials common to 2 rotations and only held once
during a 2-week period. The rotation heads will give you details of the organisation of the rotations at
the beginning of each week. Please note that that the Specialist Services I rotation and Ophthalmology in
Specialist Services II depend on the availability of external consultants and may not be available to all
students due to circumstances beyond our control.
You are expected to attend and contribute to all aspects of patient care, including consultation, case
admission and discharge, clinical examination, diagnostic procedures, medical and surgical treatments,
in-patient care and monitoring. You will be given specific tasks and responsibilities each week. Daily
examinations must be made of cases under your care, and appropriate records written-up. You should
always show respect towards animals and to their owners and seek to uphold and enhance the
reputation of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Obviously, clinical work is very difficult to
timetable but there is no excuse for students to gather in corridors etc. waiting for something to
happen. Any “spare” time should be constructively used. Seek out the relevant clinical staff to
clarify local organisation if necessary.
Remember confidentiality relating to patients and owners is very important. You may only carry
out diagnostic procedures and treatments after consultation with the clinician in charge of the case. Keep
alert to all in-patients who may exhibit signs of acute illness or deterioration and report any concerns to
nurses or clinicians.
Case notes and written reports must be made and specific instructions about these will be given at the
beginning of each rotation. You may be required to give a presentation of a case at grand rounds or at
other times during the week. Specific forms must be completed as required, e.g. anaesthetic,
radiographic, laboratory and surgical procedure forms. At the start of your diagnostic imaging week, you
must read the guidance notes on safety and radiological practice, which are kept in the student reporting
room.
You must wear a clean white coat when in the consulting area and hospital wards. It is the student’s
responsibility to have white coats cleaned as and when necessary. You must be smartly dressed and
presented when you are on consultation duty and meeting with the general public. It is very
important to create the correct professional image, which reflects the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine.
You must wear a name badge at all times when on the clinical rotations. These will be provided at
the beginning of the year although if lost or misplaced, it is the student’s responsibility to provide a
replacement. Name badges are available through the Companion Animal Sciences Divisional
Secretary (Linda Fallon). You must provide your own stethoscope, thermometer, watch and penlight.
When in the operating theatre you must wear surgical scrub suits. Students are responsile for
sourcing their own scrub suits for the beginning of the year and their regular laundering and keeping
them in a respectable state. In the theatre complex, you must wear clean footwear, which is used
only in the theatre area and nowhere else (clean tennis/court shoes are acceptable). You must wear
both a surgical hat and mask before entering the sterile theatre areas. Make sure you are familiar
with the procedures of scrubbing up, gowning up and gloving up before participating in the surgical
rotations. Also make sure you have the technical skill to lay simple sutures and tie surgical knots.
10
5.2
Before the week starts
Review fourth year material relevant to the rotation you are about to begin. The aims and objectives of
each of the rotations accompany this handout. Read these carefully; it is important that you feel
comfortable that these aims and objectives have been accomplished at the end of each of your rotations.
5.3
Start of the week
You should meet on the Monday morning of each small animal week at the venue and time indicated for
each station on the small animal rotation programme.
Students on PDSA rotation should make their own way to 1 Shamrock Street and arrive by 10.00 a.m. on
the Monday morning . There is no parking for student cars. You are advised to use public transport –
Cowcaddens Underground Station is 70m from the PDSA. You will be supervised by one of the
medicine staff during this rotation. Please remember that this opportunity for training is at the invitation
of the PDSA so ensure that your attitude, behaviour and appearance help to maintain this privilege. Read
and familiarise yourself with the “Notes for Students” which will be available when you first attend the
PDSA.
The morning sessions are from 10am-12.00 and afternoons are from 2-5pm (Fri 2-4pm). Tea
breaks may be taken at the discretion of your supervisor at approx 11am and 3.30pm. Tea and
coffee are provided. Bring lunch with you –however there are plenty of shops nearby where you can
purchase sandwiches etc.
Students on Soft Tissue rotation will attend the Neutering Clinics at the SSPCA Cardonald Animal
Welfare Centre where you will be supervised by the Scottish SPCA veterinary staff. Students must take
their surgical scrub suits and footwear with them to the Scottish SPCA as well as hat, mask and gown
sourced from the Small Animal theatre. Attendance at the SSPCA will be on Wednesdays. Please note
there may be some variations depending on circumstances.
Students on Specialist Services I will meet at 0830. Monday and Tuesday is dedicated to dermatology
which will be undertaken at Peter Forsythe Dermatology Referral Services (528 Paisley Road West,
Glasgow, G51 1RN, phone 0141-427-4257). Students will be required to make their own way to this
practice. You are strongly advised to take public transport.
Maps on how to find the Scottish SPCA Cardonald, the PDSA and Peter Forsythe’s Dermatology
Referral Practice will be on the Final Year notice board.
5.4
“Out-of-hours” duty
When you are on the hospital and critical care rotation, you will be responsible to the junior clinical
scholars, whom you will assist in small animal patient care and monitoring and at emergency admissions
(every evening 4.30pm until 8.30am the following morning). You will occupy either student Flat 1 or
student Flat 2 in the clinic building from Monday evening until the following Monday morning. You are
responsible for passing the flat keys to the members of the next group. Please bring your own towels; do
not leave valuables in the flats and keep the flats clean, tidy and respectable. The flats will be checked
after each occupancy and members of each group will be held responsible for any damage or untidiness
of the flats. In addition to the hospital and critical care group, members of the Ophthalmology rotation
will be required to assist as necessary in out-of-hours duties as regards routine treatments (from 4.30pm
until 10.00pm). Students in the Dermatology/Ophthalmology group must also leave a contact telephone
number with the hospital/critical care group in case they are needed in an emergency. Students within
other rotations may volunteer to carry out “out-of-hours” treatments and monitoring of patients or be
asked to do so (e.g. if there is a particularly difficult case to manage with which they have had major
involvement). Most of the workload for the Hospital/critical care group is during the evening. During
the day, the group will be exempt hospital duties although individual members of the group can join any
rotation if they wish, providing they obtain permission from the head of that rotation. The responsibility
for individual cases rests with the clinician in charge of that case.
11
5.5
Case Log
Students are required to keep a simple log of all cases seen during each of their clinical rotations. A
simple list summarising the signalment and clinical diagnosis and treatment of the case is adequate. In
addition, students may be asked to write-up a clinical case in more detail on a particular rotation; usually
no more than 2,000 words per case is required. Some rotations have forms that can be detached to
become part of the case-log e.g. anaesthesia and diagnostic imaging.
5.6
Grand rounds
On Friday afternoons Grand rounds will take place, with Final year students presenting cases between
2.45 – 3.45PM in the Assembly Hall. A timetable for Grand Rounds presentations is given below.
Fourth year students will attend most of these classes in addition to Final year students on the Small
Animal Clinical Studies rotation and members of staff.
5.7
Clinicopathological case demonstrations
The post-mortem demonstrations are held on Mondays from 12.15 to no later than 13.00 hours and
Fridays from 9.40 to no later than 10.20 hours, throughout the academic session. These classes occur
throughout the academic session and final and fourth year students are expected to attend. Members of
staff from divisions across Faculty usually attend.
5.8
Teaching of fourth year students
On Monday and Thursday afternoons final year students may be involved facilitating fourth year student
teaching especially during the first term. Your co-operation is expected and greatly appreciated.
5.9
Guest lectures
Throughout the year, there may be a number of guest lectures. These will be advertised in good time and
you are expected to attend. There may well be clashes with your clinical commitments and if you have
any doubts about priorities at the time, you must ask the advice of the clinician in charge of your rotation.
There may also be several sponsored lectures; the aim of these is to expose students to other approaches
to clinical problems, and to aspects of clinical research so as to stimulate intellectual awareness and
curiosity and to expose students to internationally acknowledged experts who are at the “cutting edge” of
their discipline.
12
6 COURSE TEXT & REQUIRED READING
Recommended Texts and Journals
The fourth year course notes will provide an excellent basis for the final year practical course.
Additional useful texts and journals can be found in the James Herriot Library and include:
Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine: Small Animal 6th edition, Eds Ettinger and Feldman WB
Saunders
Notes on canine internal medicine, Ed E.J. Hall, K.F. Murphy and P.G.G. Darke, Blackwells
Notes on Feline Internal Medicine, Ed C. Sturgess, Blackwells
Clinical Medicine of the Dog and Cat Ed Schaer, Manson Publishing
Canine Medicine and Therapeutics, Ed Gorman BSAVA Publishing
Essentials of Small Animal Internal Medicine 3rd edition: Eds Nelson and Couto, Mosby
Canine Orthopaedics: Eds Whittick Lea and Febiger
BSAVA Manuals (whole range of topics, including, neurology, arthrology, fracture repair, oncology,
dermatology, ophthalmology, dentistry, radiography/radiology, anaesthesia)
Kirk’s Current Veterinary Therapy, Eds. Bonagura and Kirk, W B Saunders
Textbook of Small Animal Surgery, Ed. D Slatter, W B Saunders
Small Animal Orthopaedics and Fracture Treatment, Eds Brinker, Piermattei and Flo, WB Saunders.
An Atlas of Surgical Approaches to the Bones of the Dog and Cat, Eds Piermattei and Greeley, WB
Saunders
Small Animal Surgery, Ed Fosum, Mosby
Atlas of Small Animal Surgery, Eds Gourley and Gregory, Gower Medical Publishing
Neurology Book Web Resource http://www.ivis.org/special_books/braund/toc.asp.
Students are advised to develop a habit of reading the current issues of journals found in the journal
display area in the JHL. Specific journals are
Veterinary Record, Journal of Small Animal Practice, Journal of the American Animal Hospital
Association, Veterinary Clinics North America, Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and
Traumatology, In Practice, Compendium of Continuing Education, Journal of the American
Veterinary Medical Association., Journal of veterinary Internal Medicine, Veterinary Surgery
Other reading material may be recommended to you during the course.
7
TEACHING HOURS AND METHODS
Clinical material is used to present the course to the students. Each rotation is nominally rated as 32
hours/week. As there are 12 rotations the number of hours/student for the course is 384 hours. The
number of staff hours per rotation = 768 hours
Hours
Total
Individual rotation
32
384
Delivery by staff
64
768
A variety of revision, tutorial and self-assessment computer programs relevant to the course are available
via the Faculty Computer Centre machines.
All staff are not routinely made aware of Students with Disabilities. This information is considered
confidential unless such a person agrees to complete disclosure. Consequently, the onus is on you to
make individual staff aware of special needs you may have that impact on a particular method of
teaching; staff will attempt to make reasonable adjustments. E.g. you may have a degree of red-green
colour blindness and have difficulty distinguishing certain tissues or cells during microscopy.
13
8
8.1
METHODS OF ASSESSMENT
Assessment of student learning and the Course
The content of the Course, the presentation of the Course to students and the effectiveness of the
teaching are regularly assessed throughout the year by the staff and the findings taken into account when
the Course for the following year is being prepared.
Two focus group sessions will be held with students. The first will be towards the end of first term, the
second just before teaching ends in third term.
These assessments are made by considering the results of the students rotation feedback forms, the Final
Professional examination, the Report of the External Examiner, as well as the views he expresses during
informal discussion with the staff and the opinions emanating from the Faculty Staff/Student Liaison
Committee.
Formal consideration of these matters occurs at the regular meetings of the Division of Companion
Animal Sciences and special Quality Assurance meetings of Staff teaching the Course. Annual Course
Monitoring Reports are made to the Board of Studies, from there recommendations are made to Faculty.
Subsequently, Faculty reports to Academic Regulation Committee (a sub-committee of University
Education committee) and ultimately to Senate.
Any modifications to the Course are made through the formal Course Approval process via Board of
Studies, Faculty and Academic Regulation Committee (if major). External Examiner's comments are
always sought on any proposed change.
Student assessment is by Professional Exams (Final Professional Examination in Small Animal Clinical
Studies).
8.2
Class Examinations and Course Work
Each half of the class will undergo a formative OSCE. There is no formally assessed coursework
contributing to the degree examination.
Formative OSCEs and Continuous Assessment
Two formative OSCE sessions will be run; one for each half of the year, at the end of their second Small
Animal Clinical Studies rotation.
Group A
Friday afternoon of week 12 (20th January 2006)
Group B
Friday afternoon of week 16 (17th February 2006)
The marks for these will be collated and published as for a class examination. Grades could be available
to the Board of Examiners of the Small Animal Clinical Studies examination. In addition, the clinical
staff will very closely monitor your performance in all the clinical rotations. The following aspects
of a student’s performance will be evaluated: communication skills, attitude, attendance, enthusiasm and
time-keeping; knowledge and its application, clinical proficiency, surgical skills, patient care and
documentation. A student who does not perform well in a rotation will be spoken to by whoever runs
that rotation and this will be reported to the course leader.
If this happens or the student misses the whole or part of a rotation, due to illness or some other
unforeseen circumstance they may be requested to repeat that rotation or part of it (see below).
Students with Disabilities
Because of the level of confidentiality involved, the Teaching Unit is not always aware of the currency of
special need assessments. Therefore it is the responsibility of special needs students to ensure that the
Teaching Unit is informed in adequate time of any new special needs evaluation prior to any summative
assessment. Where appropriate students will be given additional time for written examinations, but no
extra time will be given for the completion of oral examinations or practical/clinical assessments
14
8.3
Final Professional Examination –- Regulations
The Final Professional Examination is the examination of the courses in Small Animal and Large Animal
Clinical Studies. The Rules and Regulations governing this examination are contained in the current
University Calendar [http://senate.gla.ac.uk/calendar/cal2005/cal2005.html], the document “University of
Glasgow Code of Assessment [http://senate.gla.ac.uk/academic/assessment/asscodeindex.html] and the
document “Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Banding of Marks in Professional Examinations (26th April
1989). Copies of the latter can be seen in the Library or at the Teaching Unit. Additional important
information is displayed on the Year Notice boards.
Your attention is drawn to the following in relation to Small Animal Clinical Studies:
Mock examinations: there are none in Small Animal Clinical Studies other than the formative OSCEs.
Enrolment in degree examination A Candidate may not be admitted to a Professional Examination in
any subject unless their attendance and work in that course has been certified as satisfactory by the
Professor or Lecturer in charge (course leader) [Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Calendar
http://senate.gla.ac.uk/calendar/cal2005/13-veterinarymedicine.pdf]. See also paragraph 9 of this document.
Students are expected to attend all rotations in full (also see Fitness to Practice documentation) and that
their performance must be deemed satisfactory by the rotation leader. Absence must be supported the
appropriate certification.
The final small examination will take the form of 23 OSCE stations. Eight of the stations are data
interpretation and will be run in the Teaching Laboratory. The other 15 will be run for groups of
students over the 2 days in the Anatomy Dissection Lab. Some stations may be unmanned. An OSCE
station consists of a defined task to be carried out within a five minute period. The 23 stations in the
Small Animal examination will cover aspects of the Small Animal course: communication, practical and
data interpretation skills will be tested with material drawn from all the rotations and EMS. The
examiners will make it clear to the student exactly what they expect the student to do during the OSCE.
There are no pass//fail or distinction orals. The pass mark for individual stations varies. To achieve a
pass a candidate must pass a majority of stations. By the very nature of the examination it is not
anonymous.
The detailed format and timetable for the final examination will be posted nearer the examination date.
Small Animal (EX3DAY)
1st Diet
Mon & Tues 5-6th June 2006
Interpretation Exam Friday 2 June 2006
2nd Diet (resit)
8th Sept 2006
If a candidate fails the examination in June they may take the resit (2nd Diet) examinations in September.
The format of the September examination will be the same as the June examination, Grades awarded at
the second diet of the professional examination will in accordance with university policy be capped at
Grade D.
8.4
Marking procedures in Small Animal Clinical Studies
The pass for each examination station will vary depending on the complexity of the task. The student
must achieve an overall grade D to pass the examination.
The student must pass both the small animal examination and the farm animal/equine examination to
pass the final degree. A student who passes one part of the final examination and not the other, will have
a provisional pass in that subject and will have to resit the failed subject in September. If the student
fails the failed subject a second time, then the student would have to re-sit that part of the examination
the following year; the provisional pass in the other subject is valid for the following academic year.
Passes with Distinction are awarded to those candidates who achieve the grades shown below at their
first attempt at the examination.
15
GRADING
Grading at the ‘first diet of the assessment’
SCHEDULE B
Nonhonours
Courses
Primary
Grade
Primary verbal descriptors in respect of Demonstration of
Professional Practical Competencies and the Supporting Intellectual
Knowledge.
Exemplary and polished demonstration of the required practical
competencies, with focussed sensitivity to the needs of the subject, the
complexities of the operational context and the wider implications of the
procedures or practices
Efficient and confident display of the required practical competencies, an
evident appreciation of the possible practical complications
demonstrating initiative and flexibility of approach
Clear demonstration of attainment of the required practical competencies,
with appropriate familiarity with relevant procedures in a range of
contexts
Adequate independent performance of practical competencies suitable to
routine operational contexts
A
B
C
D
Presently inadequate independent performance of the required practical
competencies, but evidently aware of personal limitations and likely to
attain sufficient practical competence through practice
Not presently capable of independent performance of the appropriate
practical competencies, lacking in perception in the operational context
and prone to errors of judgement and faulty practice
E
F
BVMS
Honours
Commendation
Pass
Fail
Grading at the ‘second diet of the assessment’
In line with university policy, the grade awarded at the second diet of the professional assessment will be capped at
Grade D. The course leader or appropriate teaching staff will be able to advise students both of their capped grade
and their actual performance in the assessment.
8.5
External Examiner
The external examiner for Small Animal Clinical Studies is Prof. Peter Holt, the University of Bristol
(2004-2008). Professor Holt is Professor of Veterinary Surgery in the Department of Clinical Science.
For further information see the RCVS Register.
8.6
Prizes
There are a number of special awards connected with performance in the final year examination. The
award of prizes to students is an accolade of considerable importance. They are recognition of a
students’ ability, hard work and application, by his/her peers, colleagues and teachers. They are an
important addition to a new graduate’s curriculum vitae. The following prizes are awarded to final year
students:McCall Award (Awarded to the most distinguished graduate(s) in Veterinary Clinical Studies)
Finlay Kerr Prize (Highest total marks in Final Professional Examination in Small Animal and Large Animal
Clinical Studies)
Donald Campbell Prize (Highest marks in Final Professional Examination in Large Animal Clinical Studies)
The Donald L. Haxby Prize -
16
(Awarded to the Final Year student who has shown the greatest clinical competence during the
Final Year in Large Animal Clinical Studies)
Dr Ian Lauder Prize (Final Year) (Most marks in Final Professional Examination in the medicine component of Small Animal
Clinical Studies)
The Donald D. Lawson Prize (Awarded to Final Year student who has shown the greatest clinical competence during the
surgical rotations in Small Animal Clinical Studies over the whole final year).
Ben Brazil Prize (Awarded to the best final year student in the practical work at the Lanark Practice)
Lanark Practice Prize (Awarded for excellence in attitude and ability in the handling of animals)
Moredun Foundation Prize (Awarded to best student in Large Animal Practice)
The Bogan Prize (Awarded to the Final Year student who has combined excellence in both academic work and sport
throughout the course)
The Tharme Prize (Awarded in Memory of the late John Tharme, Veterinary Student at Glasgow who graduated in
1986 - special award made at the discretion of the Dean)
Hills Petfoods Prize (Awarded to Final Year Student who has shown the greatest clinical competence during the
medical rotations in Small Animal Clinical Studies, over the whole final year)
The Veterinary Drug Company Final Year Student Award (Awarded to the Final Year nominated by his/her peers as an outstanding student in various
aspects of excellence. This award is made by Faculty on the recommendation of the Dean in
consultation with the Course Leaders)
The Governors’ & Mitchell of Cranstonhill Prize (Awarded for the three best papers presented to a meeting of the Clinical Club of the GUVMA)
Silver Medals –
are awarded on recommendation of the Board of Examiners to the student with the highest marks
in:
Small Animal Clinical Studies
Large Animal Clinical Studies
9
POLICY IN EXEMPTIONS AND EXAM ENROLMENT
It is important to note that candidates may not be admitted to a professional examination in any subject
unless his/her attendance and work in that course have been certified as satisfactory by the Professor or
Lecturer in charge of the course.
The Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons stipulates that students are not eligible to sit final
examinations until they have completed a minimum of 26 weeks clinical extramural studies. All students
must provide proof to the EMS Office that they have completed their EMS and submit all required
written work by the end of the spring term (17th March 2006). Failure to comply may result in students
being unable to sit examinations.
A student who is liable to be prevented from enrolment will receive a formal warning in the form of an
interview with the Head of Department or the Course Co-ordinator, before a final decision is taken.
17
10 OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION
Moodle
Moodle is the University's centrally supported Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). The Faculty
Moodle site can be accessed from on- or off-campus at: http://moodle.gla.ac.uk/vet/moodle/
Users should log in with their Novell username and password. After a successful login you will be asked
to update your profile.
Once you have logged on, you will be able to access individual courses within Moodle, as well as general
information, and information relating to EMS, summer vacation scholarships, and career opportunities.
Many of the courses require a one-time enrolment key. Your course tutors will provide these at the start
of term. Within individual courses, you will find links to lecture notes and presentations, past papers,
timetables, and links to relevant websites that have been reviewed by your tutors. Throughout the year
your tutors may also add additional Moodle ‘activities’ such as self-test material, assignments, surveys
and discussion forums.
Within ‘General resources and links for students’, you will find links to courses designed to help you
start using Moodle.
Moodle replaces the Student Web Server, a 2004-5 archive version of which is still available on- or offcampus at: http://www.gla.ac.uk/faculties/vet/teaching/sws/
You will need to username 'vetstudent' and the password 'jamesherriot' to access this.
For any problems with Moodle please email Vicki Dale (v.dale@vet.gla.ac.uk).
10.1 Protective Clothing, Health & Safety
The study of small animal clinical studies unavoidably involves being exposed to and handling animal
tissues and fluids that may contain microbiological and parasitic agents or toxic chemicals, which are
potentially harmful to human beings. In addition, handling animals brings the risk of being bitten or
scratched if proper care and attention is not paid to the animal handling skills learned earlier in the
course. In the same way careless handling of surgical instruments brings the risk of self inflicted trauma.
Students are expected to wear appropriate protective clothing and behave in a responsible manner. When
students are on the diagnostic imaging rotation they will be expected to be conversant with the Local
Rules and written system of work. Students who consider they are at special risk from infectious
diseases should inform the Advisor to Students and the Course Co-ordinator. (see 5.1)
Students must, at all times, when working in the clinical area, wear either clean white coats, or surgical
scrub suits. Protective clothing must be changed when contaminated. Protective clothing worn in the
clinical areas must be taken off before visiting other areas of the Veterinary School, such as the refectory,
common rooms, library or lecture theatre. When taken off, protective clothing must not be placed in
lockers adjacent to normal outer clothing. Students should make use of the ample wash-up facilities
throughout the clinical areas, especially bearing in mind the number of potentially serious zoonoses,
which could be encountered. Cleanliness is particularly important after handling animals. Cuts and
grazes must be covered with waterproof dressings. Great care must be taken when handling animals to
ensure that you are not bitten or scratched. Always ensure you are tidy and clean up after you. Do not
leave potentially dangerous equipment lying around, e.g. discarded scalpel blades, needles, glass vials,
etc. Make sure that all sharps and clinical waste material is placed in the correct bins; if in doubt, ask
advice from nurses or members of academic staff. Please read the special instructions regarding
radiation safety when participating in the radiology rotation. A comprehensive Health and Safety
manual for the whole of the Small Animal Hospital is available for consultation and can be found
in the Clinical Records Office/Reception.
18
All injuries, no matter how minor, must be reported. Inform the senior clinician in charge of your
particular rotation and then report the incident to the Faculty Office (Reception) where a University
"Injury or Dangerous Occurrence Report" form has to be completed
First aid advice will always be given by a member of staff; there are qualified first-aid personnel for
more serious incidents and these are:- Julie Norden, (Faculty Office), Pam McComb, (Head Nurse), Gail
Hunter (Senior Nurses).
10.2 Student Support & Staff/Student Liaison
Student welfare and well being is a priority for all members of the staff of Small Animal Clinical Studies.
If you feel you have problems, or you feel you are not coping with the work and consider that the aims
and objectives are not being attained, then please discuss this with members of staff.
All staff teaching the Course welcome the opportunity to discuss problems associated with the Course
with students concerned and you are invited to do so.
In the first instance this should be with the clinician in charge of the particular rotation, or if it is a more
general problem, with the Course Leader, or with the Associate Dean Director of Student Affairs. It is
important that you enjoy your final year despite the hard work involved.
Some difficulties that might arise may be more usefully dealt with by the Faculty Staff/Student Liaison
Committee through the Final Year Representative or the designated members of staff. However, if a
matter is to be taken to the Staff/Student Liaison Committee the expected courtesy will be to discuss it
with Course Co-ordinator beforehand.
19
10.3 Teaching Personnel
The small animal part of the Division of Companion Animal Sciences is organised into a number of
specialisms, each comprising two or more clinicians, who are responsible for organising and teaching
their subject in both 4th and Final year. These areas of specialisation are as follows:
Small Animal
Anaesthesia:
Professor Jacky Reid
Mr Derek Flaherty
Dr. Pat Pawson
Mr. Adam Auckburally*
Dermatology:
Mr Peter Forsythe (Hon Lect)
Diagnostic Imaging: Professor Martin Sullivan
Ms Alison King
Mr. Calum Paterson
Mr. Gawain Hammond*
Ines Carrera*
Gill Cameron (radiographer)
Nicki Milne (radiographer)
Internal Medicine:
Dr Ian Ramsey
Ms Claire Knottenbelt
Mr. Aitor Artega*
Mr. Andrea Zoia*
Ms Alix Thompson*
Neurology:
Professor Ian Griffiths
Dr James Anderson
Dr Jacques Penderis
Dr Christine Thomson
Ms. Kelly Chang*
Ms Rita Goncalves*
Oncology:
Dr. Jo Morris
Mr. Rory Bell
Ms Lise Nielsen*
Ophthalmology:
Mr George Peplinski
Orthopaedic Surgery: Professor David Bennett
Professor Stuart Carmichael
Mr. Mike Farrell*
Mr. Luke Arnott*
Ms Davinia Draffan*
Soft Tissue Surgery : Mr Donald Sheahan
Professor Martin Sullivan
Ms Kieri Jermyn*
Behaviour:
Ms Samantha Scott (Hon Lect)
Caged Pets:
Mr Alistair Lawrie (Hon Lect)
Mrs Sharon Smith (VN)
*Senior Clinical Scholars (residents)
Junior Clinical Scholars (Interns):
Sorcha Berry, Claire Kiessling, Chiara Penzo, Elspeth Waugh
20
10.4 Timetables
CLINICAL ROTATION
Wk
TERM
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10-10
17-10
24-10
31-10
7-11
14-11
21-11
28-11
05-12
12-12
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A2
A1
A4
A3
A6
A5
A8
A7
A10
A9
A12
A11
A11
A12
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A12
A11
A2
A1
A4
A3
A6
A5
A8
A7
A10
A9
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
B10
B11
B12
B2
B1
B4
B3
B6
B5
B8
B7
B10
B9
B12
B11
B11
B12
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
B10
B12
B11
B2
B1
B4
B3
B6
B5
B8
B7
B10
B9
A9
A10
A11
A12
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A10
A9
A12
A11
A2
A1
A4
A3
A6
A5
A8
A7
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A8
A7
A10
A9
A12
A11
A2
A1
A4
A3
A6
A5
TERM 2
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
9-1
16-1
23-1
30-1
06-2
13-2
20-2
27-2
06-3
13-3
B9
B10
B11
B12
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B10
B9
B12
B11
B2
B1
B4
B3
B6
B5
B8
B7
B7
B8
B9
B10
B11
B12
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B8
B7
B10
B9
B12
B11
B2
B1
B4
B3
B6
B5
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A1
A2
A3
A4
A6
A5
A8
A7
A10
A9
A12
A11
A2
A1
A4
A3
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A1
A2
A4
A3
A6
A5
A8
A7
A10
A9
A12
A11
A2
A1
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
B10
B11
B12
B1
B2
B3
B4
B6
B3
B5
B4
B8
B5
B7
B6
B10
B7
B9
B8
B12
B9
B11
B10
B2
B11
B1
B12
B4
B1
B3
B2
B4
B3
B6
B5
B8
B7
B10
B9
B12
B11
B2
B1
TERM 3
21
22
23
24
17-4
24-4
01-5
08-5
28
FINALS
Friday 2nd June 2006 – Interpretation Examination
Monday & Tuesday, 5-6th June 2006 - OSCE
Key to rotations
1. Soft-Tissue Surgery
2. Anaesthesia
3. PDSA
4. Radiography
5. Specialist II (neurology/ophthalmology)
6. Orthopaedics
7. Hospital care (night)
8. Triage and Critical care
9. Diagnostic imaging
10. Specialist I & Ethics
11. Internal medicine
12. - Oncology
Monday Report to:
time
Consulting room 1 ---------------------- 9.10am
Prep. Room corridor ------------------- 9.00am
1 Shamrock Street, -------------------- 10.00am
X-ray room 2 ---------------------------- 9.00am
Surgery seminar room------------------ 9.00am
Surgery seminar room ----------------- 9.00am
Prep. Room corridor ------------------- 9.30am
Hospital student laboratory------------ 8.30am
x-ray student reporting room --------- 10.00am
Room Noir ------------------------------- 8.45am
Library conference room -------------- 8.30am
Library conference room
8.30am
Specialist I and Ethics
Includes dermatology, exotics and ethics
Specialist II
Includes neurology and ophthalmology
Soft tissue surgery includes visit to SSPCA spey clinic on the Wednesday of the week
21
Small Animal Groups
Note these groups are not the same as Large Animal
A1
Catriona Wilson
Carolyn Todd
Cinthia Fulton
A7
Kirsten Simpson
Sarah Campbell
Claire Williams
Laura Rennie
A2
Matthew Denwood
Gerard McLauchlan
Alistair Boyd
A8
Alasdair Graham
Rachel Mort
Carol McInnes
Joanne McGeoch
A3
Abi Jackson
Mark Geddes
Jonathan Laing
Morven McGregor
A4
Fflur Roberts
Kirsten Gallacher
Heather Ramsey
Phillipa Williams
A9
Mairi Mackay
Catherine Tiernan
Olivia Byrne
Nicki Singleton
A10
Susie Ridley
Elaine McNamara
See-mun Tsang
Holly Mervik
A5
Michaela Wilkinson
Anna Jamieson-Till
Alex Belch
Colin Buchan
A11
Nicola Wilson
Louise Forrest
Tim Wood
A6
John Sheppard
Amy Koterbay
Douglas Veitch
A12
Victoria Smith
Rupert Hunt-Taylor
Ann McGaughay
Harriet Chapman
l
B1
Suzanne Duncan
Helen Munday
Adam Pawson
Eileen McCann
B7
B2
Lorna Webster
Kai-Biu Shiu
Philip Kennedy
Euan Morrison
B8
Jillian McComish Susan Donaldson
Michelle Coia
Gavin Harper
Brian Rois-Mendez Caroline Harkness
Paul Eynon
B3
Jennifer Philp
Katherine Dunlop
Rachael Collins
Heather Kennedy
B4
Allison Cox
Louise Wilson
Shona Morrison
Giles Moore
B9
Lucy Coldwell
Christina May
Fiona Mallon
Joanne Younge
B10
Caroline Smith
Ian Cure
Kirsten McLeod
22
B5
Marie Sorowka
Catriona MacKenzie
Elizabeth Johnson
Nina De Franco
B1`
Caroline Wilson
Matthew McCree
Anne Coulter
B6
Gemma Halcrow
Andrew Cooke
John Atkinson
B12
Victoria Davies
Alice Wright
Klara Taylor
Helen Smith
11 SAMPLE EXAMINATION PAPERS
There are no sample examination because of the nature of the final examination (see above), however,
the Fourth Year and formative OSCEs are good examples of the nature of the questions used.
12 CORE COMPETENCIES (RCVS)
(Draft) guidelines on the essential competences
required of the new veterinary graduate
Terminology
16.
17.
The Working Party considered the meanings of the words “competence” and “skill”.
According to the Oxford English Dictionary definitions, “competence” is the basic ability
necessary to legally perform a task, whereas “skill” implies a higher level of ability,
indicating expertise and practised ability. The Working Party agreed that “competence”
was what the profession should be expecting of its new graduates in their first week in
practice after registration.
The word “competence”, when used as part of the language of education/training, acquires
additional defining features. A competence is a statement of what a person can do. It is a
description of an action or behaviour which that person should be able to demonstrate and
which can be assessed once broken down into assessable levels.
Competence
18.
Three main areas of competence, based on the understanding of a competence as described
above, have been identified. Each of these three areas has been expanded and subdivided into a
number of broad statements of competence.
Areas of competence
A Theoretically-based veterinary competences
B Practically-based veterinary competences
C. General competences
Statements of competence
A.1 to A.6
B.1 to B.15
C.1 to C.8
Theoretically-based Veterinary Competences
Demonstrate an understanding of:
A.1.
the sciences on which the activities of veterinary surgeons are based
A.2. research methods and the contribution of basic and applied research to all aspects of
veterinary science
A.3.
the structure and functions of healthy animals, and all aspects of their husbandry.
A.4.
legislation relating to the welfare (including transport) of animals and notifiable diseases.
A.5.
veterinary public health issues including zoonoses.
A.6.
the aetiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of the
common diseases and disorders that occur in the common domestic species in the UK.
Practically-based Veterinary Competences
B.1.
Obtain an accurate and relevant history of the individual animal or animal group, and its/their
environment.
B.2.
Handle and restrain an animal safely and humanely, and perform a complete clinical
examination. Instruct others involved in handing and restraint of animals in safety aspects.
B.3.
Attend all species in an emergency and perform basic first aid.
B.4.
Assess the nutritional status of an animal and be able to advise on appropriate husbandry and
feeding.
B.5.
Collect, preserve and transport samples, perform standard laboratory techniques (as required
of veterinary nurses), and interpret the results, as well as those generated by other
laboratories.
23
B.6.
B.7.
B.8.
B.9.
B.10.
B.11.
B.12.
B.13.
B.14.
B.15.
Use radiographic and ultrasonic, and other technical equipment which can be used as a
diagnostic aid, safely and in accordance with current Regulations to obtain results.
Know the procedures to follow after diagnosing notifiable and zoonotic diseases.
Know the methods of sterilisation of surgical equipment and understand the principles of
surgery.
Safely perform sedation, general and regional anaesthesia, implement chemical methods of
restraint, and be able to control and assess pain.
Advise on, and administer, appropriate treatment.
Recognise when euthanasia is necessary and be able to perform it humanely, using an
appropriate method, whilst showing sensitivity to the feelings of owners and others, and with
due regard to the safety of those present. Advise on disposal of the carcase.
Perform a basic gross post mortem examination, record details and know how to sample
tissues, store and transport them.
Perform ante mortem inspection of animals destined for the food chain and be able to
recognise conditions affecting the quality and safety of products of animal origin.
Analyse animal health and production records; understand the importance of animal health
economics in the context of acceptable animal welfare. Advise on, and carry out,
preventative and prophylactic programmes appropriate to the species and commensurate with
accepted animal health, welfare and public health standards.
Be aware of the need to minimise the risks of contamination, cross infection and
accumulation of pathogens in a veterinary premises and in the field.
General
C.1.
Communicate effectively, by the spoken and written word, to the public, professional
colleagues and responsible authorities. In particular be able to produce case reports in a form
satisfactory to colleagues and understandable by the public.
C.2.
Work as a member of a team in the delivery of services to clients.
C.3.
Be responsive to the influence of economic and emotional pressures.
C.4.
Be aware of the role of veterinary surgeons in the community particularly in relation to ethical
principles.
C.5.
Have an elementary knowledge of the organisation and management of a veterinary practice.
This should include:
 awareness of the responsibilities in relation to current employment and health and safety
legislation, lay staff and public liability
 knowledge of the principles of certification
 awareness of the need to understand calculation of fees, drawing up of accounts, and
systems for record keeping and book-keeping, including computer records and case
reports
 awareness of professional standards and policies
 knowledge of correct prescription, dispensing, safe storage and safe disposal of
medicines, and waste
 awareness of sources of data on licensed medicines
C.6.
Understand the benefit, need, and professional obligation, for a programme of CPD
throughout their professional life and future career development including where and how it
can be achieved.
C.7.
Demonstrate their capability to conduct themselves in a professional manner with regard to
the veterinary surgeon’s professional and legal responsibilities and understand the ethical
codes as set out in the Guide to Professional Conduct.
24
C.8.
Demonstrate awareness of when, and from where, to seek professional advice and assistance.
13 SSPCA, PDSA and Dermatology referral practice
SSPCA=
Scottish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, PDSA= Peoples Dispensary for Sick Animals
SSPCA
REMEMBER
that when at the Scottish SPCA Animal Welfare Centes (AWCs) you are an
ambassador for the Veterinary School. Please observe the local rules which apply and which
may be different to those of the Veterinary School.
Please also remember that the
Veterinary Units at the AWCs are contracted to neuter a minimum number of animals per
week and thus the neutering Clinics must be run effectively so please be understanding with
the Staff, particularly over time-management.
The visit to the SSPCA takes place during the Soft Tissue Surgery rotation on the Wednesday. Students are
responsible for organising their travel to the Scottish SPCA Animal Welfare Centres at Cardonald (map on Final
Year Notice Board). Contact number 0141-810-8085.
Please arrive at the Cardonald centre for 9AM (no earlier please).
You must take a sterile gown, surgical gloves, hat, over-shoes and mask with you; these can be obtained from the
Small Animal Theatre. If not disposable, the gown must be returned to the laundry upon your return to the
Veterinary School. You should also have your own Theatre Suits and Footwear.
Also see section 5 Start of the week, page 10.
25
PDSA
NOTES FOR FINAL YEAR UGVS STUDENTS AT SHAMROCK ST
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Please supply your own white coat, name tag, stethoscope and notebook. A locker is available for your use.
Please stow valuables in here and at end of week please leave key in the lock.
Smart dress for consulting ie collar/tie for men NB no jeans/trainers or T-shirts
Parking on the street requires purchase of vouchers. The PDSA car parks should not be used. We are very
close to good underground and bus access. A Bike rack is available in rear car park
A brief introduction is given by PDSA staff at 10.00am on Monday
The morning sessions are from 10am-12.00 and afternoons are from 2-5pm (Fri 2-4pm). Tea breaks
may be taken at the discretion of your supervisor at approx 11am and 3.30pm. Tea and coffee are
provided. Bring lunch with you –however there are plenty of shops nearby where you can purchase
sandwiches etc.
HEALTH AND SAFETY- The PDSA has a comprehensive H&S policy and there are certain rules which
must be followed. The most important of these are
1) FIRE REGULATIONS
a) All students /supervisors must sign in /out every time you leave the building
b) Fire regulations are posted throughout the building. Please familiarise yourself with the drill and
with the various fire exits.
c) The fire alarm is an unmistakeable sound- painful!!- You must leave the building immediately upon
hearing this, and you must proceed to the collecting point in the car park at the Dalhousie St
entrance.
2) MANUAL HANDLING
a) Take care when lifting/carrying animals – use the lifting blankets /trolleys which are supplied. Ask
for assistance from other people or if a big dog then examine it on the floor
b) Take care when examining awkward /aggressive animals- use muzzles and dog catchers and crush
cages when necessary. See attached protocol.
3) SHARPSAFE CONTAINERS
a) Please dispose of scalpels/needles immediately you are finished with them. You will find sharp-safe
containers located in all consulting areas.
4) ACCIDENT BOOK
a) This is found in First Aid drawer in minor ops room- This must be filled in if you or a client sustain
an injury (also includes clients fainting etc)- this means even minor injuries such as cat scratches.
5) H&S MANUAL is available if anyone wishes to read it
The clinic offers excellent first presentation cases so you have the opportunity to gain experience in taking
case histories, carrying out clinical examinations and dealing with a wide array of clients – make the most of
it!
CONSULTING
7. When you call a client into the consulting room explain that you are a GUVS student
And that you will be carrying out the initial examination, but also advise the owner that your supervising vet
will then also examine the case and will discuss the case and treatment with yourself and the owner.If the
client insists on seeing a PDSA vet do not be offended – there may be many reasons.
8. Accommodation is quite crowded so please try to have only one or two clients come into the consulting
room with the animal.
9. When discussing cases with your supervisor away from the owner please do not use other consulting rooms
even if they are empty at the time. These rooms must always be kept free . Do not discuss cases in earshot of
other clients.
10. When typing entries onto the computer- remember the data protection act- the client has the right to view all
files in his/her name. Do not enter any derogatory comments!
11. Some (only a very small proportion ) of our clients are not very trustworthy- do not leave any valuables lying
around and try not to leave any drugs/syringes /needles within easy access.
12. Please remember that PDSA is a charity with no government funding towards the animal treatment, so we
are constantly on a tight budget. Consider carefully what treatment options are available for individual cases
and then remember that we cannot charge for our work so cannot pass on the cost to the owner.
It is also helpful, when considering treatment, to think about 1) the animal’s vaccination status 2) owner
commitment and ability to carry out treatment and care for the animal
26
13. Diagnostic tests eg biochem/haematology are available but again please consider the cost of these. We do
not take routine pre-op samples and we seldom take full profiles unless there is good cause.
Please select the tests required carefully & justify them.
When taking blood samples please ensure that all sample tubes are named completely and that the
appropriate forms are filled in and put them in the appropriate tray. The log book must also be completed.
14. Euthanasia cases- In ALL cases a euthanasia permit must be signed before the procedure is carried out –
please ensure the signature is that of the registered owner!! If it is not then they should have a letter of
authority from the registered owner. Allow the owner the option to stay with the animal or to leave while
euthanasia is performed. If owner wishes to stay then please let your supervisor carry out the procedure. All
pets euthanised at PDSA are cremated and owners are usually ok if you let them know this. Occasionally a
client wishes a private cremation for their pet. This must be arranged (and paid for) by the client themselves .
We can keep the body until collected by their chosen firm. For details see member of staff.
15. At end of consultation please confirm that owner has received donation envelope and show them where red
donation boxes are .
16. If you require to book in a case for surgery please ask member of PDSA staff to assess the case for urgency
and to do the booking of the op. For cases that you feel need admitted at the time you should speak to that
days surgery vet to advise when likely to be done/time for client to ring for info etc.
17. NB VERY IMPORTANT- ALL CASES MUST BE EXAMINED BY YOUR SUPERVISOR AND YOU
MUST DISCUSS CASE FULLY WITH SUPERVISOR BEFORE COMMITTING YOURSELF TO A
COURSE OF ACTION
18. PLEASE CHECK ALL DRUG STRENGTHS AND DOSES WITH YOUR SUPERVISOR BEFORE YOU
TYPE IN DETAILS ONTO COMPUTER- some of the drugs have similar names and odd strengths so it is
essential that these are correct
19. PLEASE ENSURE YOU CLEAN AND RETURN ANY EQUIPMENT TO WHERE YOU FOUND IT
AND PLEASE LEAVE YOUR CONSULTING ROOM CLEAN AND TIDY AT THE END OF EACH
SESSION.
Dermatology referral Practice
This is a private referral practice. Students will have the opportunity to see a variety of clinical presentations and
investigations, including cytology.
Please keep the nature of environment in mind and dress and behave accordingly.
27
14 SSPCA BITCH SPAY NOTES
SCOTTISH SPCA VET CLINIC
Section 1
BITCH SPAY NOTES
How to start
Introduction
These notes have been prepared to make the
job of teaching ovarohysterectomy to final
year students easier. You should have a
thorough knowledge of the anatomy already.
The aim is to prepare you for any eventuality.
As your level of surgical confidence and
competence grows, you will probably find
other ways of performing at least certain parts
of the procedure.
It is highly suggested that you review the
anatomy of the bitch’s abdomen before reading
these notes. You should also make the absolute
most of the practical session when it arrives.
Make sure you clarify any points you are not
certain of. These notes are by no means totally
exhaustive and should not be regarded as the
last word on bitch spaying. You will come
across various other ways that people have
adapted and changed the basic procedure.
However, they do act as a template upon
which you can add as you gain experience.
There is not one perfect way, demonstrated by
the fact that it is taught differently in different
parts of the country.
Before neutering any bitch, you should have,
of course, made sure she is a good anaesthetic
risk. But also, to avoid what complications you
can, there are other checks to make:
1. Is she in season? We normally tell owners
that we will not neuter a bitch until at least 10
weeks after her last season stopped. If you ever
get to spay a bitch sooner than this you will
understand why.
2. Can you feel/see what might be a neutering
scar? Try to examine all bitches of unknown
neutered status during routine health checks.
The days of nylon sutures are over, so it is not
always easy to tell, but the more you look the
easier you will find it.
3. Is there any evidence of a phantom
pregnancy? It is not wise to perform the
operation during this. Administer treatment
first. (N.B. a less commonly seen problem
after spaying bitches if for them to blow up a
profound phantom pregnancy. The amount of
milk produced is really extreme. These cases
respond to the conventional treatment, but may
take longer.).
4. Some would argue that all Dobermans
should be routinely tested for clotting defects.
Your first task is to make a window in the
bitch’s abdomen through which you can
remove her uterus and ovaries.
Although it does not really matter how large
you make this window, it is a truism to say that
you can make a small hole bigger, but you
cannot make a big hole smaller. Don’t overdo
it to begin with, or you will end up having to
stitch up a wound at the end that could have
been half the size. Yes, wounds heal from side
to side, not end to end – but we have seen far
more post-operative seromas, among other
complications, in bitches with large spay
wounds than small ones.
Our recommendation, then, would be initially
to go with caution. Start your incision 1 to 2
cm caudal to the umbilicus. This is commonly
at about the level of the second teats, or
slightly cranial. End your incision somewhere
between the level of the third and fourth teats.
This will give you an opening that is up to 10
cm long.
Use a size 10 blade or similar, and ensure that
you tension the skin of the abdomen with your
less dominant hand. Make sure you make your
incision as perfectly midline, following the
linea alba, as possible. Use one continuous
stroke of the scalpel until you have reached the
end point of the incision. Experience, and
experience only, will let you know how much
pressure to apply when doing this. You should
have some memory of this from anatomy
dissection. It does not take long to get the hang
of it.
If you are not deep enough, which is the norm,
then reposition your other hand to apply more
tension and continue the incision deeper. Your
aim is to cut through the connective tissue and
fat under the skin, to expose the muscle wall of
the abdomen. Eventually this will take you a
few seconds. Once you can see muscle along
the entire length of the wound, you then need
to clear the area by dissecting fat and
connective tissue off the rectus abdominis.
You can do this bluntly with a pair of scissors
(small, straight-ended Metzenbaums are useful
for this). We would suggest you use this
method, as it is safer. An oft-preferred method,
as it is quicker, is to use the scalpel (which is
still in your hand), angled horizontally, to
cleanly dissect between the muscle and fat. Try
28
ESSENTIAL COMPETENCES REQUIRED OF THE VETERINARY SURGEON
INTRODUCTION
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
An important statutory function of RCVS is to determine the “standard of proficiency” and “knowledge and
skill” to fit veterinary surgeons for practising in the United Kingdom. The standard set for registration is a
key benchmark that affects the approval of veterinary degree courses in the UK and overseas, and should
also be seen as the starting point for consideration of an individual’s continuing education and training
needs after registration. Maintaining and further developing professional competence is a requirement for
all veterinary surgeons.
This document sets out the essential competences required of the veterinary surgeon for membership of the
Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.
There are many definitions of ‘competence’ and many views on how it can be developed and assessed. In
general terms, however, competence is a concept that integrates knowledge, skills and attitudes, the
application of which enables the professional to perform effectively, and to respond to contingencies,
change, and the unexpected.
This document takes a broad definition of competence as being “the ability to perform the roles and tasks
required by one’s job to the expected standard” (Eraut & Boulay, 20001). The definition recognises that
requirements and expectations change depending on the job role and context. It also recognises that
competence develops, and that an individual may work ‘competently’ at many different levels, either at
different stages of their career, or indeed from one day to the next depending on the nature of their work.
Eraut and Boulay (2000) point out the importance of distinguishing between an individual’s competence –
what one can do, and performance – what one actually does. RCVS is concerned with competence when it
undertakes its primary function of determining “the standard of proficiency required for registration” and
ensuring that individuals “will have acquired the knowledge and skill needed for the efficient practice of
veterinary surgery” (Veterinary Surgeons Act 1966, section 3). Performance may be affected by factors
such as workload, working conditions, levels of support, and so on. The regulation of performance is a
function of RCVS through its statutory disciplinary powers.
The essential competences have been broken down into three main areas. They are:
-
A
-
B
-
C
General professional competences and attributes
describing the distinguishing characteristics of a veterinary surgeon
Underpinning knowledge and understanding
describing in general terms the breadth of knowledge and understanding needed for a career as
a veterinary surgeon, and for subsequent professional development in whatever sphere of
veterinary science the individual wishes to pursue
Practically-based veterinary competences
describing the basic practical competences that are expected at the point of graduation.
“Developing the Attributes of Medical Professional Judgement and Competence”, a review funded
by the Postregistration Medical and Dental Education Research Initiative of the Dept. of Health’s Policy
Research Programme, by Professor Michael Eraut and Benedict du Boulay, University of Sussex. The full
paper is available on the web at http:/www.cogs.susx.ac.uk/users/bend/doh
1
29
The ten guiding principles of the RCVS Guide to Professional Conduct should be seen
as overarching requirements for registration (and by implication, continued
registration) with the College. The Guide states that:
Your clients are entitled to expect that you will: 1. make animal welfare your first consideration in seeking to provide the most appropriate
attention for animals committed to your care
2. ensure that all animals under your care are treated humanely and with respect
3. maintain and continue to develop your professional knowledge and skills
4. foster and maintain a good relationship with your clients, earning their trust, respecting their
views and protecting client confidentiality
5. uphold the good reputation of the veterinary profession
6. ensure the integrity of veterinary certification
7. foster and endeavour to maintain good relationships with your professional colleagues
8. understand and comply with your legal obligations in relation to the prescription, safe-keeping
and supply of veterinary medicinal products
9. familiarise yourself with and observe the relevant legislation in relation to veterinary surgeons
as individual members of the profession, employers, employees and business owners
10. respond promptly, fully and courteously to complaints and criticism.
ESSENTIAL COMPETENCES REQUIRED OF THE NEW VETERINARY GRADUATE
“DAY ONE SKILLS”
A1 - GENERAL PROFESSIONAL SKILLS AND ATTRIBUTES
The new veterinary graduate should be able to:
A1.1
Communicate effectively with clients, the lay public, professional colleagues and responsible authorities;
listen effectively and respond sympathetically to clients and others, using language in a form appropriate
to the audience and the context
A1.2
Prepare clear case reports and maintain patient records in a form satisfactory to colleagues and
understandable by the public
A1.3
Work effectively as a member of a multi-disciplinary team in the delivery of services to clients
A1.4
Be aware of the ethical responsibilities of the veterinary surgeon in relation to individual patient care
and client relations, and also more generally in the community in relation to their possible impact on the
environment and society as a whole
A1.5
Be aware of the economic and emotional climate in which the veterinary surgeon operates, and respond
appropriately to the influence of such pressures
A1.6
Be willing to use one’s professional capabilities to contribute as far as possible to the advancement of
veterinary knowledge in order to benefit veterinary practice and further improve the quality of animal
care and public health
A1.7
Have an elementary knowledge of the organisation and management of a veterinary practice, including:
 awareness of own and employer’s responsibilities in relation to employment and health and safety
legislation, and the position relating to lay staff and public liability
 awareness of how fees are calculated and invoices drawn up, and the importance of following the
practice’s systems for record keeping and book-keeping, including computer records and case reports
 ability to use information technology effectively to communicate, share, collect, manipulate and
analyse information
 importance of complying with professional standards and policies of the practice
A1.8
Understand the need and professional obligation for a commitment to continuing education and training,
and professional development, throughout one’s professional life
A1.9
Conduct oneself in a professional manner with regard to the veterinary surgeon’s professional and legal
responsibilities and understand and apply the ethical codes as set out in the RCVS Guide to Professional
Conduct
A1.10 Be able to cope with uncertainty and adapt to change
A1.11 Develop a capacity for self-audit and willingness to participate in the peer-review process
30
A1.12
Be aware of personal limitations, and demonstrate awareness of when and from where to seek
professional advice, assistance and support.
(Commentary: This last item is considered to be one of the most important, and should guide all new veterinary
graduates when undertaking their professional duties. Veterinary surgeons undertaking procedures on
patients must at all stages in their careers be fully competent in their performance, or be under the
close supervision of those so competent. When in doubt, the new veterinary graduate must seek
professional support and in the interests of animal and human health, should not attempt to undertake
complex procedures unsupervised.)
B1 - UNDERPINNING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
The new veterinary graduate will need to have acquired a thorough knowledge and understanding of the
following:
B1.1
The sciences on which the activities of veterinary surgeons are based
B1.2
Research methods and the contribution of basic and applied research to all aspects
of veterinary science
B1.3
How to evaluate evidence
B1.4
The structure and functions of healthy animals, and all aspects of their husbandry
B1.5
The aetiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis and treatment of the common diseases and
disorders that occur in the common domestic species in the UK
B1.6
Legislation relating to the welfare (including transport) of animals and notifiable diseases
B1.7
Medicines legislation and guidelines on responsible use of medicines
B1.8
The principles of disease prevention and the promotion of health and welfare
B1.9
Veterinary public health issues including zoonoses.
C1 - PRACTICAL COMPETENCES
The new veterinary graduate should be able to undertake the following:
C1.1
C1.2
C1.3
C1.4
Obtain an accurate and relevant history of the individual animal or animal group, and its/their
environment
Handle and restrain an animal safely and humanely, and instruct others in performing these techniques
Perform a complete clinical examination
Attend all species in an emergency and perform basic first aid
(Commentary: problems to be handled for any species include first aid management of haemorrhage, wounds, breathing
difficulties, eye & ear injuries, unconsciousness, clinical deterioration, burns, tissue damage, internal organ damage
and cardiac arrest. First aid to be applied includes bandaging, cleaning, immobilising limbs, resuscitation
procedures, haemorrhage control.)
C1.5
Assess correctly the nutritional status of an animal and be able to advise the client on principles of
husbandry and feeding
(Commentary: this applies to commonly presented cases and would not, for example, be expected to include advanced
nutritional advice for complex cases, eg. high performance horses, high yielding diary cows, certain exotic or
zoological species.)
C1.6
Collect, preserve and transport samples, perform standard laboratory tests, and interpret the results of
those generated in-house, as well as those generated by other laboratories
(Commentary: new graduates are expected to have a working knowledge of tests to be undertaken include conditions
relating to infectious & contagious diseases; alimentary system; respiratory system; circulatory system; urinary
system; nervous system; endocrine system; mucucutaneous system; musculoskeletal system; trauma; poisoning;
obstetrics; paediatrics; parturition; reproduction)
C1.7
C1.8
C1.9
C1.10
C1.11
C1.12
C1.13
Use radiographic, ultrasonic, and other technical equipment which can be used as a diagnostic aid, safely
and in accordance with current regulations
Follow correct procedures after diagnosing notifiable, reportable and zoonotic diseases
Know and apply the RCVS twelve Principles of Certification correctly
Access the appropriate sources of data on licensed medicines; prescribe and dispense medicines
correctly and responsibly in accordance with relevant legislation and ensure that medicines and waste
are safely stored and/or disposed of
Correctly apply principles of sterilisation of surgical equipment
Correctly apply principles of aseptic surgery
Safely perform sedation, general and regional anaesthesia, implement chemical methods of restraint, and
assess and control pain
31
C1.14
Advise on, and administer appropriate treatment
(Commentary: the new veterinary surgeon must always seek professional advice and support if presented with a case
beyond his or her immediate capability – see item A.12)
C1.15
C1.16
C1.17
C1.18
C1.19
C1.20
Recognise when euthanasia is necessary and perform it humanely, using an appropriate method, whilst
showing sensitivity to the feelings of owners and others, and with due regard to the safety of those
present; advise on disposal of the carcase
Perform a basic gross post mortem examination, record details, sample tissues, store and transport them
Perform ante mortem inspection of animals destined for the food chain and correctly identify conditions
affecting the quality and safety of products of animal origin
Assess and implement basic health and welfare records (and production records where appropriate)
Advise on, and carry out preventive and prophylactic programmes appropriate to the species and
commensurate with accepted animal health, welfare and public health standards, seeking advice and
assistance where necessary from professional colleagues
Minimise the risks of contamination, cross infection and accumulation of pathogens in the veterinary
premises and in the field.
32