INDEPTH NETWORK
Environmental and Health (E&H) Working Group
Audit form on environment and health related aspects in DSS sites
------------See our Working Group on the INDEPTH website for more information
The purpose of this questionnaire is to elicit basic information from INDEPTH DSS sites
mainly on issues related to the Environment. This will help the Working Group to identify
and agree on common research topics.
1 Geographical location
Site name :_______________________ Region
:_____________________
(within country)
Country
:_______________________ Continent
:_____________________
1.1 Demography Surveillance Area (DSA)
Coordinates (decimal degree):
from long East
from lat. North
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|__|__|.|__|__|__|__|__|
Area (Km²)
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Elevation (meter):
Minimum altitude
Maximum altitude
to West
to South
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|__|.|__|__|__|
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1.2 Other information related to the geographical location
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
1
2 Physical geography
2.1 Climate(s)
a) Please select the appropriate climate of your DSA. You can select more than one. This
is based on Köppen classification (see annex 1)
Tropical Moist Climate (A)
○ Tropical wet (Af)
○
○
Tropical monsoon (Am)
Tropical wet and dry or savanna (Aw)
Dry Climate (B)
○ Dry arid (Bw)
○
Dry semiarid (Bs)
Moist Subtropical Mid-Latitude Climate (C)
○ Humid subtropical (Cfa)
○
○
Marine (Cfb)
Mediterranean (Cs)
Moist Continental Mid-latitude Climate (D)
○ Dry winters (Dw);
○
○
Dry summers (Ds);
Wet all season (Df)
b) If you are not sure about any of the above, please provide the following information:
Average minimal temperature for year
|__|__|°C
Average maximal temperature for year
|__|__|°C
Total rainfall of the year
|__|.|__|__|__|mm
Number of the different season in the year
|__|
Name the season and give the period (month only)
Season 1________________________
from __________ to __________
Season 2________________________
from __________ to __________
Season 3________________________
from __________ to __________
Season 4________________________
from __________ to __________
2
2.2 Vegetation
Please select the appropriate vegetation of your DSA. You can select more than one. See
annex 2 for detail information on each type of vegetation
Tropical and Subtropical
○
Tropical rainforest
○
○
○
○
○
○
○
Monsoon or dry forest
Tropical woodland
Tropical thorn scrub and scrub woodland
Tropical semi-desert
Tropical grassland
Tropical extreme desert
Savanna
Higher latitude and montane
○
Warm temperate evergreen forest
○
○
○
○
○
Cool temperate giant coniferous rainforest
Montane tropical forest
Mediterranean sclerophyll woodland or forest
Cool temperate forest
○
○
○
○
○
Temperate desert
Temperate semi-desert
Temperate and montane steppe
Forest steppe
Bog/swamp
Semi-arid temperate woodland or scrub
2.3 Hydrography
This section it to know about the surface water (river, lake) on your DSA. Please select
what is available in your area and fill the detail information. You can only enter a
maximum of two. So give the most important
Important surface water
Official name
○ Rivers 1
○ Rivers 2
○ Lakes 1
○ Lake 2
_________________________
*T=temporal,
P=permanent
|__|
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_________________________
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_________________________
|__|
* Temporal means water partly available during the year. Permanent means there is
water all over the year.
2.4 Other information related to physical geographical
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3 Population and agriculture
3.1 Population
DSS population size:
Main ethnic group
Is your DSS population (mainly) nomad
(N) or sedentary (S)?
|__|.|__|__|__|.|__|__|__|
:__________________ Proportion |__|__|__|
|__|
3.2 Other information related to population
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3.3 Agricultural practice
Type
○
○
○
○
○
Coverage (%)
Cash crop
|__|__|__|
Subsistence crops
|__|__|__|
Rice
|__|__|__|
Irrigation
Floodplain crops
Others
○
○
○
1_________________________
|__|__|__|
2_________________________
|__|__|__|
3_________________________
|__|__|__|
3.4 Other information related to agriculture practice
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4
4 Measurement
4.1 Land base
4.1.1 Meteorological data
Number of meteorological stations in the state (National Meteo)
Do you have any of these stations in your DSA? (Y/N)
If “Yes”, how many of them?
If “No”, how far is the nearest one from the border of your DSA?
Do you have access to the national meteo data?(Y/N)
Do you have your own small meteorological station?(Y/N)
If yes, how many of them?
|__|__|__|
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What are the variables you are measuring?
Please select the variables you are measuring and fill the detail information.
Variables
Start (year) Measurement
Completeness of data
equipment
1= 0-25%, 2= >25-50%
(A= analogue,
3= >50-75%, 4= >75-100%
D= digital)
|__|__|__|__|
|__|
|__|
○ Temperature
○ Rainfall
○ Wind direction
○ Wind Speed
○ Radiation
○ Evaporation
○ Humidity
Others
1_________________
2_________________
3_________________
4_________________
5_________________
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4.1.2 Land cover and land use
Do you collect data on the following aspect?
Variables
Start (year) How often?
○ Land use*
○ Land cover**
Last update
|__|__|__|__| _____________ |__|__|__|__|
Do you have a
standardized form?
(Y/N)
|__|
|__|__|__|__| _____________ |__|__|__|__|
|__|
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*Land use is defined as any purpose for which land is used for human activity
**Land cover is defined as a land use and the natural coverage of an area.
4.2 Other information related to land base measurement
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4.3 Remote Sensing (RS) data
RS is the process of acquiring information about an object, area or phenomenon from a
distance mainly by satellite. The result of this process is the satellite imagery, which is a
temporal and spatial picture of the earth.
Do you have RS data?(Y/N)
|__|
If yes, Please select what is available and fill the detail information.
Variable
Satellite
Spatial
Temporal
Start (Year)
resolution
resolution
|__|__|__|__|
○Temperature
○Rainfall
○Humidity
○Land cover/use
○Land use
○Soil moisture
Other
1_____________
2_____________
3_____________
4_____________
5_____________
If No, do you planed to have it? ?(Y/N)
Source of
the data
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4.4 Other information to remote sensing
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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5 Maps of the DSA available
Please select what is available and fill the detail information.
Map theme
Scale
Last update
(Year)
Format
(P= paper, D= digital,
B=both)
○Household/home state
○Topography
○Soil
○Geology
○Hydrology
○Vegetation
○Climate
○Other
1: |__|__|__|__|__|__|__|
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2_______________
3_______________
4_______________
5_______________
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If you have “household/home state maps” (HH/HS), please answer the following
question:
Which method do you used for positioning the HH/HS? (C=Compass, G=GPS*)
How are the HH/HS represented on the map? (S=Single dot, P=Polygon)
Do you also have on your HH/HS map
Water point (Y/N)
Health infrastructure (Y/N)
Road (Y/N)
Other 1_________________________________
Other 2_________________________________
Other 3_________________________________
Other 4_________________________________
Note: Please only those you are have systematically
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*Global Positioning Systems (GPS) is a navigational system that can accurately (meter)
locate (longitude/latitude) any point on the Earth. It uses 24 satellites which are located
11,000 miles above the Earth. The satellites transmit data back to Earth and by locking
onto this transmitted data; a GPS receiver can process this data to triangulate its precise
location on the globe.
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5.1 Other information related to maps
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6 Digital Elevation Models (DEM)
Digital Elevation Models are data files that contain the elevation of the terrain over a
specified area, usually at a fixed grid interval over the surface of the earth.
Do you have Digital Elevation Model? Y/N |__|
if yes, at which resolution?
___________x____________m²
Data source
________________________
6.1 Other information related to DEM
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7 Expertise and software
7.1 Expertise
Do you have the expertise to process satellite images? (Y/N)
Do you have expertise on Geographical Information Systems (GIS)? (Y/N)
Do you have expertise on mapping with GPS? (Y/N)
Do you have expertise on spatial analysis? (Y/N)
Do you have expertise on statistical modeling? (Y/N)
If no expertise in any of the above, do you have access to expertise? (Y/N)
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7.2 Software
Which software do you use for your image processing
Version
Which GIS do you use?
Version
_________________________
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_________________________
_________________________
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8 Environment and health research
8.1 List of studies done or ongoing
Study 1
Title:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Study question:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Period (year):
__________________________________________________________________
Principal Investigator:
__________________________________________________________________
List of Publication related to this study (exact reference):
1)__________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2)__________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
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8.2 Future interest
8.2.1 Topics of interest
Topic 1
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Expected study question:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Topic 2
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Expected study question:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
…
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8.2.2 Data you would like to collect
(Give a list of data you would like to use for future studies that you are not able to
collect/obtain)
1___________________________________________________________
2___________________________________________________________
3___________________________________________________________
4___________________________________________________________
5___________________________________________________________
6___________________________________________________________
7___________________________________________________________
8___________________________________________________________
9___________________________________________________________
…
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9 Appendix
9.1 Köppen climate classification system
The Köppen Climate Classification System is the most widely used system for
classifying the world's climates. Its categories are based on the annual and monthly
averages of temperature and precipitation. The Köppen system recognizes five major
climatic types; each type is designated by a capital letter.
Tropical Moist Climates (A)
Extend northward and southward from the equator to about 15 to 25 degrees of latitude.
In these climates all months have average temperatures greater than 18 degrees Celsius.
Annual precipitation is greater than 1500 mm. Three minor Köppen climate types exist in
the A group and their designation is based on seasonal distribution of rainfall.



Tropical wet (Af) is a tropical the climate where precipitation occurs all year
long. Monthly temperature variations in this climate are less than 3 degrees
Celsius. Because of intense surface heating and high humidity cumulus and
cumulonimbus clouds form early in the afternoons almost every day. Daily highs
are about 32 degrees Celsius while night time temperatures average 22 degrees
Celsius.
Tropical monsoon (Am) climate. Annual rainfall is equal to or greater than Af,
but falls in the 7 to 9 hottest months. During the dry season very little rainfall
occurs. The
Tropical wet and dry or savanna (Aw) has an extended dry season during
winter. Precipitation during the wet season is usually less than 1000 millimeters.
and only during the summer season.
Dry Climates (B)
The most obvious climatic feature of these climate is potential evaporation and
transpiration exceed precipitation. These climates extend from 20 - 35 degrees North and
South of the equator and in large continental regions of the mid-latitudes often
surrounded by mountains. Minor types of this climate include:


Dry arid (Bw) (desert) is a true desert climate. It covers 12 % of the earth's land
surface and is dominated by xerophytic vegetation.
Dry semiarid (Bs) (steppe). Is a grassland climate that covers 14% of the earth's
land surface. It receives more precipitation than the Bw either from the
intertropical convergence zone or from mid-latitude cyclones.
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Moist Subtropical Mid-Latitude Climates (C)
This climate generally has warm and humid summers with mild winters. Its extent is
from 30 to 50 degrees of latitude mainly on the eastern and western borders of most
continents. During the winter the main weather feature is the mid-latitude cyclone.
Convective thunderstorms dominate summer months. Three minor types exist:



Humid subtropical (Cfa) has hot muggy summers and mainly thunderstorms.
Winters are mild and precipitation during this season comes from mid-latitude
cyclones. A good example of a Cfa climate is the southeastern USA
Marine (Cfb) marine, climates are found on the western coasts of continents.
They have a humid climate with short dry summer. Heavy precipitation occurs
during the mild winters because of continuous presence of mid-latitude cyclones.
Mediterranean (Cs) Mediterranean climates (Cs) receive rain primarily during
winter season from the mid-latitude cyclone. Extreme summer aridity is caused by
the sinking air of the subtropical highs and may exist for up to 5 months.
Locations in North America are from Portland, Oregon to all of California.
Moist Continental Mid-latitude Climates (D)
Moist continental mid-latitude climates have warm to cool summers and cold winters.
The location of these climates is pole ward of the C climates. The warmest month is
greater than 10 degrees Celsius, while the coldest month is less than -30 degrees Celsius.
Winters are severe with snowstorms, strong winds, bitter cold from Continental Polar or
Arctic air masses. Like the C climates there are three minor types:



Dry winters (Dw);
Dry summers (Ds);
Wet all seasons (Df).
Polar Climates (E)
Polar climates have year-round cold temperatures with warmest month less than 10
degrees Celsius. Polar climates are found on the northern coastal areas of North America
and Europe, Asia and on the landmasses of Greenland and Antarctica. Two minor climate
types exist.


Polar tundra (ET) is a climate where the soil is permanently frozen to depths of
hundreds of meters, a condition known as permafrost. Vegetation is dominated by
mosses, lichens, dwarf trees and scattered woody shrubs.
Polar ice caps (EF) has a surface that is permanently covered with snow and ice.
Reference: www.geofictie.nl/ctkoppen.htm
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9.2 Vegetation classification
Tropical and subtropical


Tropical rainforest, evergreen or semi-evergreen forest of humid tropics, usually
tall. Leaf cover above a level 8m off ground, >60%. No more that 50% loss of
canopy leaf cover at any one time during average year. We can distinguish two
sub:
o a= Rainforest of well-drained soils <25% loss of canopy leaf cover,
o b=semi-evergreen forest 25-50% loss of canopy leaf cover,
Monsoon or dry forest, medium height, deciduous or mainly deciduous forest of
warm climates. Leaf /branch cover above a level 8m off the ground, >60% during
peak month of leafiness. >50% loss of canopy leaf cover at some stage in average
year, except for Australian Eucalyptus dry forests, where limit of rainforest is
defined by where Eucalyptus becomes >50% of canopy.

Tropical woodland, relatively low, open tree canopy, usually deciduous. Leaf
/branch cover above 8m off ground, 60%-20%.





Tropical thorn scrub and scrub woodland, low, woody, usually deciduous.
Leaf /crown cover above 8m off ground less than 20%, but total leaf cover
between 0.8-8m off ground greater than 20%.
Tropical semi-desert, sparse scrub or sparse grassland. Less than 2% vegetation
cover above 80cm off the ground. 25-4% vegetation cover between 0 and 80cm off
the ground, during an average year.
Tropical grassland, fairly closed grassland without many trees or shrubs.
Leaf/branch cover above 80cm off ground less than 2%. But total cover above
ground level, greater than 25%.
o a= dense sward tropical grasslands,
o b= sparse sward tropical grasslands)
Tropical extreme desert, very sparse vegetation, or completely barren. Total
cover above ground level, less than 4% at any time during average year.
Savanna, dense grassland with a scattering of trees and/or bushes,
o a=Tree-dominated savanna,
o b=bush-dominated savanna)
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Higher latitude and montane











Warm temperate evergreen forest, fairly tall, usually many broadleaved
evergreen/semi-deciduous angiosperm trees but conifers also tend to be abundant,
in moist climate.
o a= warm temperate forest on well-drained soils,
o b= same, but as swamp forest
Cool temperate giant coniferous rainforest very tall, closed conifer forest;
usually Pseudotsuga or Seqouia. Greater than 50% cover above 40m off ground.
Montane tropical forest, evergreen, adapted to cool temperatures.
o a=lower montane forest,
o b=upper montane forest.
Mediterranean sclerophyll woodland or forest, mixture of sclerophyllous and
deciduous trees & bushes.
o a= Med sclerophyll forest or woodland,
o b= Med sclerophyll scrub
Cool temperate forest, closed forest. Includes mixed conifer-broadleaved forest.
Cover above 8m greater than 60%. Less than 50% of this cover by needle-leaf
trees. Greater than 50% of broadleaved leaves lost in winter.
Semi-arid temperate woodland or scrub, various open woody vegetation types;
coniferous or broadleaved, in temperate climates.
o a = temperate woodland,
o b = temperate scrub.
Temperate desert, very sparsely vegetated, cold winters. Vegetation cover less
than 4%.
Temperate semi-desert, sparse shrubland or grassland
o a=grassy temperate semi-desert,
o b= shrub-dominated temperate semi-desert; not distinguished here
Temperate and montane steppe, grasslands and other herb-lands, closed or
fairly dense sward
o b=sparser, short-grass steppe,
o a=dense tall-grass steppe
Forest steppe, mainly herbaceous, but with clumps of trees or bushes in
favourable pockets.
o a = moister climate types, closed herbaceous vegetation,
o b = drier climate types, open herbaceous vegetation; not distinguished
here.
Bog/swamp, of tropical or high latitude zones, >50% surface water cover for 6
months or more of year.
o a= herbaceous bog
o b= wooded bog
o c= swamp forest - forest growing on soils with >50% surface water cover
for 6 months or more of year, (not distinguished here
Reference: www.esd.ornl.gov/projects/qen/adams3.html
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