Name _________________________________________________ Date_______________________ Lab Period _______ Lab Day ______ Sedimentary Rocks PART 1: Clastic Organic Chemical _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ PART 2: 1. _________________ 5. _________________ 2. _________________ 6. _________________ 3. _________________ 7. _________________ 4. _________________ QUESTIONS: Use complete sentences for questions #1-4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A B C D 6. A B C D 7. A B C D 8. A B C D 9. A B C D 10. A B C D Lab #8 Sedimentary INTRODUCTION: Please read this as it contains information that will help you complete this lab successfully. Sedimentary rocks are formed by the lithification (turning to stone) of sediments. Most of New York State has sedimentary rock as bedrock. Vast oceans once covered New York State, producing the sedimentary rocks. Most of the rocks that can be seen along New York roadsides are layered sedimentary rocks. Clastic sedimentary rocks are formed by the deposition, compression, and cementation of broken rock (sediments). These rocks are classified by the size and shape of the sediments contained in them. Clay particles form shale, silt forms siltstone, sand forms sandstone, large rounded pebbles form conglomerate and large angular particles form breccia. Some rocks are formed from living organisms or their shells. These are called organic sedimentary rocks. The remains or impressions of plants and animals found in rocks are called fossils. "Hard" parts of animals, such as bone and shells, are usually the only parts that become fossilized. Sedimentary rocks are the only rocks that have fossils in them. Any organic material would be destroyed in lava or magma and therefor no fossils are found in igneous rocks. Likewise, the pressure required to create metamorphic rocks would destroy fossils. Chemical sedimentary rocks can be formed by evaporation (evaporites) or the precipitation from sea water (precipitates). Limestone, dolostone, halite and rock gypsum are all evaporites. PROCEDURE: Part 1: Group the rocks. Put the number of the rock in the categories below. Use the descriptions below to help you decide. Clastic – show layering, feel very gritty, or have visible sediments Organic – have fossils or shell fragments in them Chemical – generally do not exhibit any of the characteristics of clastic or organic. They tend to be of one color and fairly solid in appearance. PART 2: Name the rocks. Using your Reference Tables, draw the map symbols in the box QUESTIONS: Use complete sentences for questions #1-4. No pronouns allowed. 1. How could a clastic sedimentary rock appear to be chemical? 2. Would sedimentary rocks form at high elevations or low elevations? EXPLAIN. 3. Why wouldn't fossils be found in igneous or metamorphic rocks? 4. Why aren't there many fossils of skin or muscle tissue of animals? 5. What would a rock formed by the compaction and cementation of angular sediments 1 cm. in size be called? A) sandstone C) conglomerate B) breccia D) limestone 6. Which rock is most likely to fizz in acid? A) rock salt B) gypsum C) D) limestone shale 7. Which rock is most likely formed by the precipitation from sea water? A) sandstone B) gypsum C) conglomerate D) bituminous coal 8. Which rock is composed of the smallest size sediments? A) shale B) siltstone C) sandstone D) conglomerate 9. Which property best describes a rock which has formed from sediments? A) crystalline structure B) distorted structure C) banding of minerals D) particles arranged in layers 10. Which property is used to classify the land-derived sedimentary rocks listed in the Earth Science Reference Tables? A) particle size B) fossil content C) mineral composition D) color