Title Continued Distress among Abandoned Dogs in Fukushima
Miho Nagasawa†, Kazutaka Mogi†, and Takefumi Kikusui*
Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Azabu University
1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara-shi, Chuo-ku, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
Tel: +81-42-769-1673
Fax: +81-42-850-2513
Miho Nagasawa: nagasawa@carazabu.com
Kazutaka Mogi: mogik@azabu-u.ac.jp
Takefumi Kikusui: kikusui@azabu-u.ac.jp
*Corresponding author: Takefumi Kikusui
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
Supplementary Table S1
year
from
name
Breed
age (years)
sex
2009
Kanagawa
Richie
Miniature dachshund
4
female
Sora
Shih Tzu
1
male
Choco
Miniature dachshund
1
female
Milk
Puli
1
female
Shushu
Miniature dachshund
7
male
Chicchi
Miniature dachshund
7
female
Riku
Toy poodle
1
male
Pon
Pomeranian
1
male
Kaede
Japanese mix
3
female
Kureru
European mix
9
male
Cha
Japanese mix
8
male
Yuri
Japanese mix
8
female
Satsuki
Japanese mix
4
female
Anku
Japanese mix
8
male
Hinata
Japanese mix
0.3
female
Yuki
Japanese mix
10
female
Koro
Japanese mix
6
male
Ace
Pointer
6
male
Cocoa
European mix
8
female
Shelly
Japanese mix
3
male
Roger
European mix
7
male
Kotarou
Japanese mix
3
male
Ponta
Japanese mix
3
male
Moca
Japanese mix
3
female
Vanilla
European mix
8
female
2010
2011
Kanagawa
Fukushima
Because the Fukushima group includes a large number of Japanese mix breeds, there
was a possibility that the differences found in the present study were based on breed
differences
1,2
and not from the differences in the history of the dogs. To eliminate
this possibility, we divided the dogs into 2 breed groups and conducted multiple linear
regression analysis respectively in C-BARQ (predictor variables: sex, place, breed,
and time of assessment of C-BARQ) and urine cortisol levels (predictor variables: sex,
place, breed, and the day of urine collection). Of the 2 breed groups, 1 included
European purebred dogs and dogs that showed a European breed-like appearance and
the other included dogs with a Japanese breed-like appearance according to their
appearance flap-ears, body size, coat color, and hair length. From the results, we
found that breed was significantly related only with the item of excitement of C-BARQ
(R2 = 0.124, p = 0.043, β = -0.371, p = 0.044). Therefore, the results of behavioral
changes, such as lower attachment, and higher cortisol levels that were obtained in
this study are based on the history of the Fukushima dogs rather than the breed
differences between Fukushima dogs and other dogs.
1.
Savolainen, P., Zhang, Y., Luo, J., Lundeberg, J., & Leitner, T. Genetic evidence
for an east Asian origin of domestic dogs. Science 298, 1610-1613 (2002)．
2. vonHoldt, B.M., et al. Genome-wide SNP and haplotype analyses reveal a rich
history underlying dog domestication. Nature 464, 898-902 (2010)