QED Inductive Lesson Plan Template – Biology Example (Rev. 9-25-06)
Preliminary Preparation
Topic
Principle with
Related Concepts
Objective
(See phase 5 below.)
Phase 1:
Introduction
Focus of lesson is
established.
Phase 2:
Open-Ended
When presented with
differentiated
examples, students
make observations
& comparisons used
for further analysis
Phase 3:
Convergent
Lesson moves
toward a single
concept or principle.
Defense Against Infectious Disease: Blood Groups
Principle: Safe blood donation depends on
Related Concepts: blood types, antigens,
the absence of specific antigens so that
antibodies, immune system, donor, receiver,
antibodies of the donor will not attack the
red blood cells, plasma
recipient’s antigen.
When given a hypothetical organ donation scenario with one donor and 5 possible recipients
(with all blood types listed), students will select the recipients who will need anti-rejection
medication and give reasons for their selection.
Lesson Phases with Students
Remind students that this lesson continues the study of the body’s defense systems.
Tell students that new topic for today’s lesson will be blood group antigens.
Ask students to briefly share blood donation experiences.
Tell students that at the end of the lesson they will act as members of a hospital transplant
committee and will be using their knowledge of blood types to determine potential organ
recipients’ need for anti-rejection medication.
Engagement stimulus:
Matrix containing blood types and their associated antigens and antibodies. Students attempt
to predict and record all safe donor/recipient combinations based on the information
provided.
Open-ended questions (Q) and tasks (T) focused on the stimulus:
 Q: Ask students what they notice about each blood type in the top chart: A, B, AB, O.
 Q: Ask students what they notice about the example in the bottom chart.
 T: Ask students in pairs to fill in the blank cells in the bottom chart in order to predict all
safe donor/recipient combinations based on the information provided.
Guiding questions* and explanations that focus on the following content:
 Humans belong to one of four basic blood groups A, B, AB, and O.
 Blood type is genetically determined by the presence or absence of specific proteins found
on the surface of the red blood cells. These proteins provoke the body’s immune response
to produce antibodies.
 The letters A & B refer to proteins on the surface of the red blood cell that act as antigens.
 Antigens of a particular type induce the production of antibodies against other types. (Ex:
Antigen A induces the production of antibodies against antigen B in the plasma).
 For a safe blood donation, blood types of both donor and recipient must match so that
antibodies are not produced that will adversely affect the immune system causing the
body’s defense system to break down.
 People with Blood type O are referred to as “Universal Donors” because they can donate
to all blood types and those with type AB are referred to as “Universal Receivers” because
they can receive from all blood types.
 Mixing blood types that do not match can result in death.
(*Specific questions will be dependent upon student observations & responses.)
Phase 4: Closure
Student
understanding is
summarized and
linked to previous
understanding.
Phase 5:
Application
Students apply their
understanding in a
new context.
Materials
Summary of understanding:
Students are asked to work in pairs in order to
 Revise their blood group chart
 Explain to each other why it is important to do a blood type test before giving a person a
blood transfusion (must use the terms antigen and antibodies in their explanation).
 Explain how the blood plays a part in the body’s defense (must use the terms red blood
cells, plasma, antigens, antibodies and immune system in their explanation.
Objective activity:
Hypothetical organ donation scenario with one donor and 5 possible recipients. Partners
select the recipients who can safely receive the donation and those who will need antirejection medication and tell each other reasons for their selection.
6 copies of Blood Group Chart Worksheet and Organ Donation Scenario Worksheet
Reference electronic simulation:
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http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/landsteiner/
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