Two Came to Juneau and Met their Fate: Agnes ‘Anne’ LeRoi and Hedvig
‘Sammy’ Samuelson
Author: Sunny Worel, Great Niece of Hedvig Samuelson, sunny@umn.edu
Slides to accompany this text can be found at: http://umn.edu/home/sunny/juneau.htm
Abstract:
Two young women came to Southeast Alaska in the late 1920s, seeking adventure
and employment. Hedvig Samuelson from North Dakota came to Juneau in 1928 to
teach school, spending a summer working at McKinley Park. Anne LeRoi originally
from Oregon came to Wrangell to serve as the nurse superintendent and later to Juneau to
work at St. Ann’s Hospital. They met in Juneau in early 1930 and became friends.
Hedvig became ill with tuberculosis in the fall of 1930. Anne accompanied Hedvig to the
warm, dry climate of Phoenix, Arizona to help her recuperate.
In Arizona a year later, their roommate and friend Winnie ‘Ruth’ Judd murdered
them and shipped their bodies in trunks to Los Angeles. Ruth Judd’s crime, trial, and
everyday doings were widely captured by the press throughout the United States as well
as in Alaska over the next 75 years.
In spite of the widespread press and tabloid coverage regarding their somber fate,
the two women’s true personalities remain largely a mystery. Prominent Alaskan citizens
such as John Troy, Homer Jewell, Bob Ellis, and Captain Lathrop seemed to know them
or provided comments after their deaths. Other hints of their true character remain
scattered about Alaska, revealed by people they knew and the places they traveled.
[Slide 2] Two trunks left unclaimed at the Los Angeles train station arrived on
the Golden State #3 from Phoenix seventy-five years ago on October 19, 1931. Arthur
Anderson, the baggage man suspected that they contained contraband venison shipped
from Arizona since they smelled rather foul. He held the trunks for further investigation.
Later that morning, young, attractive Winnie ‘Ruth’ Judd, and her brother Burton arrived
to claim the luggage. Upon questioning, Ruth Judd stated that her husband in Santa
Monica kept the keys to the locked trunks. They quickly left to fetch the keys, never to
return.1, 2
Detective Frank Ryan opened the trunks for investigation when Ruth failed to
return to the station. Shockingly, the trunks contained the remains of two women, both
shot in the head at close range. Somebody severed one woman above the hips, and below
the knees, apparently for ease in packing. The other woman was folded intact at the
bottom of the larger steamer trunk. Personal effects in the trunks including pictures,
letters, work contracts, and a diploma quickly identified the two women: Agnes ‘Anne’
LeRoi and Hedvig ‘Sammy’ Samuelson.3, 4
[Slide 3] It is remarkable how a single change of plans has the potential to change
the course of a person’s life. The women left Juneau a year earlier on the steamship
Admiral Rogers. Sammy returned from a summer of study at the Chicago Normal
School, ready for her third year of teaching in the Juneau elementary school. After being
back in Juneau for a month, she discovered that she had contracted tuberculosis. Anne, a
nurse and friend working at St. Ann’s hospital in Juneau quit her job to accompany her
south to a drier climate.5 Anne thought she could find work and care for Sammy as well.
x-rays taken in Seattle revealed that Anne had contracted a mild case of tuberculosis
herself.6 The women who originally sailed for Laguna Beach California headed for the
hot, dry climate of Phoenix, Arizona.
Anne LeRoi found work as an x-ray technician at the newly opened Grunow
Clinic and nursed Sammy at their shared duplex in early 1931. Sammy’s care included
total bed rest as prescribed by a common book of tuberculosis found in their home.7, 8
Ruth worked at the Grunow Clinic herself as a secretary as her husband struggled with an
addiction to morphine that ruined his chances for stable health and employment. Ruth
took over the residence at the duplex during the summer while Anne LeRoi returned to
Portland to visit her family and to receive medical treatment. Sammy moved in with her
2
near the end of the summer in 1931. When Anne returned, the three women lived
together, all trying to make it under difficult circumstances.9
[Slide 4] Two conflicting stories tell of the two girls’ fate. The most commonly
told story by Ruth Judd, was that the three women had some differences while they lived
together that caused her to move out in early October 1931. The exact nature of this
quarrel remains undefined but may have included themes such as jealousy over a certain
married man, threats to reveal secrets about one another, or even a disagreement about
Ruth’s pet cat. Whatever the cause, Ruth claimed that Sammy threatened her with a gun.
The two struggled for the gun while Anne struck Ruth over the head with an ironing
board. Ruth wrestled the gun from Sammy and shot both girls. An unnamed person
dismembered Sammy’s body for ease in packing and Ruth traveled to Los Angeles with
the trunks by train.10 In contrast, in the initial trial, the state attorney argued that Ruth
shot both women in bed in a jealous rage as they slept.11 The jury found her guilty.
[Slide 5] The initial crime was over but effects of the aftermath have lasted for
seventy-five years. The State of Arizona tried Ruth and sentenced her to hang. Later the
state declared her insane and sent her to the state hospital where she escaped seven times
over thirty years. Newspapers, especially tabloids and Hearst papers faithfully revisited
the story after each of Ruth’s escapes and her eventual pardon in 1971. Truth seemed to
be lost as papers dwelled on the grisly details of the crimes as well as the reputed
peculiarities of the characters involved. For Anne LeRoi and Sammy Samuelson, their
true personalities were all but lost to history.
[Slide 6] Violent crime affects those who remain for several generations. In the
case of Sammy’s immediate family, they took the “stiff arm” when it came to dealing
3
with questions from family and friends.12 Tired of seeing the story retold in the press so
continually, Arnold Samuelson, Sammy’s brother stated that “The survivors of the victim
are themselves the helpless victims….the only thing we could do was try to survive and
get our minds on to other things.”12 Thus, they rarely spoke much about Sammy, which
meant contemporary generations lost nearly any knowledge about her. Photo albums
contain pictures with vague definition, but explain little about who she was in her
lifetime.
[Slide 7] Sammy came to Juneau in the fall of 1928, to teach 3rd and 4th grade in
the Juneau public elementary school. She arrived on the Princess Charlotte in September
of 1928 after teaching for two years at Whitehall, Montana.13, 14 The elementary school
was located between 5th and 6th street between Seward and Franklin Streets until it burned
down in 1973. An average of 450 students enrolled at this school between the years of
1928-1930.15 Teachers received a starting salary of about $1260 for a nine month
contract in 1930.16
According to her brother Arnold, she was chosen for this job over
three hundred other applicants.12
[Slide 8] For at least part of her time in Juneau, she made the Gastineau Hotel on
Franklin Street her home.17 Teachers often lived here, sharing a common bath and simple
accommodations. In the early Thirties, a room here including breakfast cost about thirtyfive dollars a month. The hotel allowed simple cooking on a hotplate for other meals.
Near the back of the building, miners could be seen late at night as they left the A-J mine,
their carbide headlamps appearing like fireflies descending from the hills.16
The
Gastineau Hotel is now apartments in Juneau.
4
[Slide 9] Mabel Monson Burford, the Minnesota teacher who replaced Sammy in
the school system, stated that teachers often left school promptly at 5 to walk up Old
Basin Road to prepare coffee and hotdogs for dinner.16 Being avid hikers on weekends,
they often trekked up the Perseverance Trail or down Thane Road to the waterfalls.
Sammy definitely enjoyed the hike up to the Ebner Falls on the Perseverance Trail and up
Old Basin Road as shown by family photographs. The Alaska Gastineau Mining
Company ceased operations at the Perseverance Mine in 1921, but the A-J mine bustled
with activity in the Gold Creek area during this time.
[Slide 10] Sammy’s cousin Ida Nelson stated, “Hedvig was strong for outdoor
sports. She liked to skate, ride horseback, hike, and picnic. She liked other sports too,
and dancing, but she cared most for the outdoors. Her favorite pastime was skating.”18
The lake in front of the Mendenhall Glacier offered a great opportunity to skate in
Juneau. In the Thirties, skaters could glide directly up to the glacier’s vertical face and
touch the glacier. Today, the glacier appears flatter, having retreated away from the lake
although it remains a popular skating destination.19
[Slide 11] Summertime for teachers in Alaska often meant adventure and travel.
During the summer of 1929, Sammy and music teacher Dorothy Chisholm traveled into
the interior together, reaching McKinley Park. There they parted ways. Sammy stayed
for a while and later left to visit Fairbanks. She returned to the park as an employee and
remained for the rest of the summer.20 She was reputed to be very popular among the
tourists visiting the park.21 She reflected about her time in the park later in a letter,
“Spent one summer way up in the interior. There were plenty of mountain sheep, fox,
caribou, grizzly bears, etc. to make it interesting.” 22 Family photographs reveal Sammy
5
in a park ranger style uniform, sitting upon a dogsled which was used to patrol the park
during winter. Harry Karstens, park superintendent, had built the current dog kennels at
the park close to this time. However, sled dog demonstrations for tourists performed by
park staff did not commence until 1939.23 She returned to Juneau in the fall bringing
with her gold dust she had panned from a placer mine giving “proof of her experience”
from her summer travels.20
[Slide 12] The summer of 1929 was a time of change for McKinley Park. During
that summer, the Alaska Road Commission made steady progress with the road into the
park, moving tent camps as they worked.24 The park employees constructed new log
buildings and installed a new water system. The new superintendent Harry Liek thought
Mount McKinley really needed more tourists, especially in regards to future
appropriations. He developed a new guide lecture service for tourists. The summer of
1929 was also known as the worst year for mosquitoes in twenty years. By August,
everybody was wearing mosquito nets.25
[Slide 13] It is possible that Sammy knew Superintendent Harry J. Liek from the
previous summer, both having been at Yellowstone in 1928. Harry Liek had been a
ranger associate at Yellowstone Park. Superintendent Horace Albright had recommended
him to replace Harry Karstens as superintendent at McKinley Park with the future
development of the park in mind.26 Sammy left Whitehall Montana where she was
teaching during the school year and planned on spending the summer at Yellowstone
Park.27 After her death, an Alaskan newspaper stated that she had come to Alaska directly
from Yellowstone.28 At least a few other Whitehall locals motored to the park in early
June intending to spend the summer working. Sammy may have been with them.29 If so,
6
Harry Liek may have been her connection for obtaining employment during the summer
of 1929 at McKinley Park.
[Slide 14] Anne LeRoi, a Portland nurse, traveled to Wrangell in October 1929
and became the superintendent at the Wrangell General Hospital where she served with
another nurse, Sarah Elizabeth Hart.30, 31 In February of 1930, Anne LeRoi moved to
Juneau to work at St. Ann’s hospital. She originally registered at the Alaskan Hotel just a
block from the Gastineau Hotel where Sammy lived.32
[Slide 15] Anne LeRoi and Sammy Samuelson met on February 15, 1930 during
a Juneau blizzard and became friends.33 It is unknown under the exact conditions that
they met. One source stated that they originally met at the hospital in Wrangell instead.34
However, they were living and working within a few blocks from one another in Juneau
early 1930. Sammy wrote in her diary a year later, “Just think, it’s been just a year since
I met Anne. It seems that I knew her always.”33 A family photograph shows the pair in
winter standing facing the Juneau elementary school on Franklin Street. The picture
clearly shows historical buildings such as the Sweeney Apartments and St. Nicholas
Russian Orthodox Church in the background.
[Slide 16] The two women became close friends even though they did not know
each other for any great length of time. Sammy left Juneau on June 13 to attend the
Chicago Normal School for the summer, not returning until August 26.35-37 They left
together on October 2, a little over a month later on the steamship Admiral Rogers.5
They were together in Juneau for only about four months.
The two girls were well known and well liked. According to the Juneau Empire,
“news of the tragedy appalled both child and adult, especially as regarded Miss
7
Samuelson who was so favorably and widely known.”38 The Juneau paper also stated
that Anne, a popular nurse had a whole host of friends in Juneau.39 The Alaska Weekly
stated that former Alaskans in Seattle stated that everybody who knew Sammy and Anne
“loved them and regarded them highly.”6 Newspapers from around the country contained
quotes and testimonies by many people who knew them. Perhaps the notoriety of the
crime caused people they barely knew to make statements. It is possible however, in a
small state capital like Juneau, that they knew many prominent Alaskans.
[Slide 17] An article in the Anchorage Daily Times stated that former Juneau
residents Mr. and Mrs. Bob Ellis knew Sammy.40 Bob Ellis, aviator, navigated the first
Seattle to Juneau non-stop flight on April 15, 1929 and later founded Ellis Airlines in
Ketchikan. Soon after his historic flight, he started flying passengers for twenty minutes
over the glacial ice cap for ten dollars a head in his seaplane.41 Sammy wrote that she
had viewed Juneau from above in planes through friends she had known in Juneau. She
wrote to some friends in Landa, ND while she was sick in Phoenix, “In Juneau, we did a
lot of plane riding, friends of mine being connected with the airways. It is the best way to
see the country, flying over immense glaciers, lakes, and mountains, gives one the most
wonderful thrills.” 22 Plane travel was somewhat new in Southeast Alaska during this
time. It is possible that Sammy flew with Bob Ellis in his seaplane sometime between
1929 and 1930.
[Slide 18] Alaskan political figures such as John Troy apparently knew Sammy
and helped raise money for her departure from Juneau. Alaska Governor John Troy, at
the time was publisher of the Daily Alaska Empire. He described Sammy as a “little
beam of sunshine” after her death. 42 When she suddenly needed to leave Juneau after
8
contracting tuberculosis, she was without funds since she had just returned from her
summer in Chicago. Anne LeRoi volunteered to take Sammy to Arizona since she
thought she could obtain work there and “we paid the expenses of both of them,” Troy
said.42
Other stories offer conflicting reports about funding, stating that the funds were
actually raised by the board of education and the school teachers of Juneau or by the
general Juneau townspeople themselves.6, 43
[Slide 19] Captain Lathrop was a wealthy Alaskan theater owner, moviemaker,
miner, newspaper publisher, and political figure who knew Sammy and minimally
offered her financial aid. ‘Cap’ reputably raised 1000 dollars to help Sammy claimed one
newspaper.44 Another story stated, “A rich Alaskan who owned a chain of theaters and
newspapers and was a power in politics raised 1000- some say 2500-” for Sammy.45 A
letter Sammy wrote on her last morning alive to her sister Anna hinted at a financial
connection with ‘Cap’ Lathrop:
Really, Anna there are some people in this world that are so kind that they
make up for all the selfish ones. Dear old Capt Lathrop sent me the sweetest
letter wanting me to be sure to write and tell him if I needed financial aid.
He will be in Seattle by Nov 1, but that's a long ways from here.46
Evelyn Nace, a nurse friend in Phoenix of both of the girls stated that Sammy was
supporting herself with two – five hundred dollar loans.47 It is entirely possible that
Captain Lathrop aided Sammy and Anne LeRoi by either giving them money or loans.
[Slide 20] Perhaps the most outrageous claim to fame was that Sammy somehow
knew John Barrymore and his wife Dolores Costello of the silver screen. Several
newspapers stated Sammy had been invited to take a cruise with them once she recovered
in Arizona on their yacht Infanta.44, 48
The Barrymores vacationed in Alaska waters in
June of 1931, “seeking rest” while Sammy lay ill in Arizona.49
A “society woman”,
9
June Cann, living in Seattle wrote a letter to Sammy in September 1931 stating, “John
and Dolores Barrymore visited us for 27 days on their yacht, Infanta and it was sure fun
to have them, and if we go south this winter they want us to visit them in Beverly Hills.
Could you go along with us on our yacht?” 50 June Cann was the one who apparently
knew the Barrymores.
There is a clue to who Mrs. June Cann was. Sammy’s diary contained a list of
addresses in the back including: Mrs. J. Cann, The Northcliff Apartments, 308 West,
corner Seneca and Boren, Seattle, WA.45 However, the 1930 US census lists James
Cann, married with no occupation, at the Gastineau Hotel, the same place that Sammy
lived.17 James Cann actually owned part of the hotel, but his family lived elsewhere. He
sold his share of the Hotel to John Biggs in May of 1930. He hoped to reunite with his
family and resume mining activities at Apex-El Nido.51 This explains at least partly the
connection between Sammy, the Canns, and the Barrymores.
[Slide 21] Other unanswered Alaskan mysteries remain. Homer Jewell, former
game warden of Juneau, stated that he knew her.40 Anthony Dimond, who at the time
was territorial senator, was said to have sent letters of good cheer to Sammy while she lay
ill in Arizona.44 Sammy met a prominent man “from the East” on a steamer who wrote to
her for months and talked about sending her books and money.45 In addition, several
unnamed people in Valdez claimed to know Sammy well.52
The girls’ departure from Juneau radically defined their own personal history.
However, their fates both created and lost other history. Immediate family rarely spoke
much about Sammy and her contemporary relatives know very little about her. Sammy
kept a diary while she rested in Arizona which was lost through the courts and to the
10
newspapers.53, 54 Mabel Monson Burford who replaced Sammy in the school system was
so upset by reading Sammy’s diary entries in the Daily Alaska Empire, she tossed her
own diary overboard while on the steamship Yukon for fear that her life might someday
become so public.55, 56 Prominent Alaskan citizens seemed to know them or provided
comments after their deaths perhaps for reasons of notoriety. Other hints of their true
character remain scattered about Alaska, hinted at by people they knew, their
photographs, and the places they traveled. In spite of the widespread press and tabloid
coverage regarding their fate, the two women’s true personalities remain largely a
mystery.
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