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Round 2 1AC
Contention 1: Hegemony
Scenario 1: Aerospace Competitiveness
The U.S. is gradually losing its space superiority – other countries are gaining on the U.S.
aerospace sector
Douglas 10- Douglas 2010 (Donald Douglas, American Power, “China Challenges United States for
Aerospace Leadership”,http://americanpowerblog.blogspot.com/2010/11/china-challenges-united-statesfor.html)
China is aiming to reshape the [...] continuation of American world leadership.
This is specifically true with SPS—The U.S. is lagging behind, Japan and China are
competitively gaining an edge
Cox 11-William John Cox, William John Cox is a retired prosecutor and public interest lawyer, author and political activist,
“The Race for Space-Solar Energy,” 4-30-11, http://www.truth-out.org/race-space-solar-energy/1304186557
The failures of the General Electric [...] be competitive with all other sources.
Declining aerospace leadership directly facilitates the emergence of hostile global rivals
Snead, 07–Mike Snead, Aerospace Engineer and MS from Airforce Institute of Technology,
“How America Can and Why
America Must Now Become a True Spacefaring Nation,” 6/3, http://spacefaringamerica.net/2007/06/03/6--why-the-nextpresident-should-start-america-on-the-path-to-becoming-a-true-spacefaring-nation.aspx)
Recall, from SA Blog 4 [...] the next presidential administration should exercise.
An investment in space solar power is necessary to maintain our leadership and aerospace
competitiveness
NSSO, 7 (National Security Space Office, Report to the Director, “Space-Based Solar Power As an
Opportunity for Strategic Security; Phase 0 Architecture Feasibility Study” October 10,
2007,http://www.nss.org/settlement/ssp/library/final-sbsp-interim-assessment-release-01.pdf)
FINDING: The SBSP Study Group [...] a powerful expression of this imperative.
Scenario 2: Forward Deployment
DOD fossil fuel dependence will inevitably constrain US hegemony- limits forward deployment
and hamstrings the DOD budget
Crowley et al 07 (Thomas, president- Peabody & Associates, Inc., an economic consulting firm that
specializes in solving economic, transportation, marketing, and fuel supply problems, TRANSFORMING THE
WAY DOD LOOKS AT ENERGY AN APPROACH TO ESTABLISHING AN ENERGY STRATEGY, April,
http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA467003)
DISCONNECTS BETWEEN ENERGY POLICY AND STRATEGIC [...] bias to these burdened fuel costs.
Oil dependence allows unfriendly states to challenge US interests
Parthemore and Nagl 10-Christine Parthemore is a fellow at the Center for New American Security **Dr.
John Nagl is President of the Center for New American Security
[http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Fueling%20the%20Future%20Force_NaglParthemor
e.pdf, “Fueling the Future Force Preparing the Department of Defense for a Post-Petroleum Era” September
2010]
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The growing world demand for petroleum [...] of fuel supply lines to opponents.
Iran is threatening to close the Straits of Hormuz to the U.S.-world’s largest place for crude-oil
trade
Mccarthy 1/3 (Shawn Mccarthy, Global energy reporter, “Iran, U.S. play cat and mouse with the world’s oil,”
http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/iran-us-play-cat-and-mouse-with-the-worlds-oil/article2290654/
The United States has got a [...] closing of the oil shipping route.
SSP is the vital internal link between aerospace technological innovation and tangible benefits
to the military that allow battlefield dominance
Ramos 2000 – US Air Force
[...] mil/100.2/ADA394928
Solar power satellites may affect terrestrial [...] and spillage clean up kits.13
And, the impactsHegemony solves war—there is no alternative
Kagan, 07 - senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (Robert, “End of Dreams,
Return of History”, 7/19,
http://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2007/07/end_of_dreams_return_of_histor.html)
This is a good thing, [...] involvement will provide an easier path.
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American primacy is vital to accessing every major impact—the only threat to world peace is if
we allow it to collapse
Thayer 2006 [Bradley A., Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Minnesota, Duluth, The
National Interest, November -December, "In Defense of Primacy", lexis]
A remarkable fact about international politics [...] hope of solving the world problems.
Statistics prove violence has decreased due to hegemony
Thomas Barnett, American military geostrategist and Chief Analyst at Wikistrat World Politics Review,
9/19/11, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/10047/the-new-rules-credit-the-u-s-not-the-u-n-for-morepeaceful-world.
Thanks to the Sept. 11 [...] security after the Soviet threat disappeared.
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Contention 2: Warming
Global warming is real and grounded in scientific truth
Lewandowsky and Ashley 6/24 (Stephan, Professor of Cognitive Studies at the University of Western Australia, and
Michael, Professor of Astrophysics at the University of New South Wales, “The false, the confused and the mendacious: how
the media gets it wrong on climate change,” 6/24/11, http://theconversation.edu.au/the-false-the-confused-and-themendacious-how-the-media-gets-it-wrong-on-climate-change-1558
Over the past two weeks The [...] statements being wrong is vanishingly small.
Media skepticism and denier research should be rejected—they are paid off and don’t write in
peer reviewed scientific journals
Lewandowsky and Ashley 6/24 (Stephan, Professor of Cognitive Studies at the University of Western Australia, and
Michael, Professor of Astrophysics at the University of New South Wales, “The false, the confused and the mendacious: how
the media gets it wrong on climate change,” 6/24/11, http://theconversation.edu.au/the-false-the-confused-and-themendacious-how-the-media-gets-it-wrong-on-climate-change-1558
Some people will be understandably sceptical [...] to a reality-based conclusion.
Warming is real, anthropogenic, and by far the largest risk of extinction
Deibel ‘7 (Terry L. Deibel, professor of IR at National War College, Foreign Affairs Strategy, “Conclusion:
American Foreign Affairs Strategy Today Anthropogenic – caused by CO2”)
Finally, there is one major [...] existence of life on this planet.
Irreversibility means we must act in the fact of uncertianty
Cass R. Sunstein, Professor, Political Science, Uchicago, WORST CASE SCENARIOS, 20 07.
Most worst-case scenarios appear [...] measures than would otherwise seem justified.
Fast action is critical-tipping point by 2030
David Stein, Science editor for The Guardian, 2006, “Global Warming Xtra: Scientists warn about Antarctic
melting,” http://www.agoracosmopolitan.com/home/Frontpage/2008/07/14/02463.html
Given time lags of 30- [...] of water sliding beneath their base."
Try or die – 2012 is the deadline for us to get the only energy option off the ground to avoid the
2030 tipping point
Schubert, ’10, (Peter J. Schubert, Ph.D., P.E. Packer Engineering, Inc., Winter 2010, Online
Journal of Space Communication, Issue No. 16: Solar Power SatellitesCosts, Organization, and
Roadmap for SSP, http://spacejournal.ohio.edu/issue16/schubert.html)
The Energy Information Agency (EIA
[...] accordingly will probably require a miracle.
SSP will be ready by the tipping point
- (Stephen Ashworth, The Space Review, “In defense of the knights”, 6/23, 2008,
http://www.thespacereview.com/article/1153/1)
Ashworth 8
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This came as news to me [...] (p.22–23)
SSP’s viable and key – other tech can’t solve warming
Dr. Feng Hsu 10, Sr. Vice President Systems Engineering & Risk Management Space Energy Group, Winter
2010, (Online Journal of Space Communication, Harnessing the Sun: Embarking on Humanity's Next Giant
Leap, http://spacejournal.ohio.edu/issue16/hsu.html)
Solar Energy vs. Other Forms [...] business models for overcoming these issues.
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Plan
Thus the plan: The United States federal government should substantially increase its
development of space based solar power.
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Contention 3: Solvency
Now is the ideal time for SPS – costs have dropped
McLinko, 10 - SM Candidate (2011), Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Space Systems
Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (April 2010, Ryan M., Society of Photo-optical
Instrumentation Engineers, “Space-based Solar Power Generation Using a Distributed Network of Satellites
and Methods for Efficient Space Power Transmission,” http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/57581)
9. CONCLUSIONThe
overall efficiency [...] SSP power into Earth’s electrical grids.
No technical barriers-Newest ev
Mankins 11/14 (Editor for International Academy of Astronautics Commission, “Space Solar Power THE
FIRST INTERNATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF SPACE SOLAR POWER: OPPORTUNITIES, ISSUES AND
POTENTIAL PATHWAYS FORWARD,” 11/14/11,
http://iaaweb.org/iaa/Studies/sg311_finalreport_solarpower.pdf
As a result of its assessment [...] architecture concepts may warrant future consideration.
Ready in 1 yr
Clean technica Nov 1st (“Can [...] -save-struggling-america/
No country has a space agency [...]new nuclear plant to become operational.
Plan solves globally
Kammen, Professor of Public Policy @ UC Berkeley, 7 (Daniel, "Green Jobs Created by Global Warming
Initiative," September 25th,http://www.unep.org/civil_society/GCSF9/pdfs/karmen-senate.pdf)
In addition to supporting domestic job [...] of emerging economies to ‘go green’
SSP is technologically viable
Cox, 11[William John, retired prosecutor and public interest lawyer, author and political activist, The Peoples
Voice, March 26, http://www.thepeoplesvoice.org/TPV3/Voices.php/2011/03/26/the-race-for-space-solar-energy,]
Space-solar energy is the
[...] are
rapidly developing futuristic space projects.
Launches don’t kill ozone – only a 0.04 percent decrease for all past rockets combined
Ross and Zittel 2k (Martin – leader of the Environmental Systems Directorate at Aerospace on research on
the stratospheric impact of launch vehicles and Paul – leads the Remote Sensing Department at Aerospace
on the radiative and chemical properties of rocket plumes, “Rockets and the Ozone Layer,” Aerospace
Publications, Summer 2000. <http://www.aero.org/publications/crosslink/summer2000/01.html>)
Space transportation, once dominated by [...] stratospheric ozone at the present time.
Export controls don’t affect competitiveness
Atta 7 – Richard Van, Project Leader for the Institute for Defense Analysis, other authors include Mark Bittmann, Paul Collopy, Bradley
Hartfield, Bruce Harman, Marshall Kaplan, Nicolas Karvonides, Michael J. Lippitz, Jay Mandelbaum, Michael Marks, Malcolm Patterson,
Kay Sullivan (Export Controls and the U.S. Defense Industrial Base, January, http://www.acq.osd.mil/ip/docs/ida_studyexport_controls_%20us_def_ib.pdf)
Export controls are only one of [...] small in direct, quantitative terms.
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Export controls are effective and don’t affect competitiveness
Padilla 07 – Christopher A., Assistant Secretary of Commerce For Export Administration, Bureau of Industry and
Security (“The Future of U.S. Export Controls on Trade with China,” January 29, 2007, STATES NEWS
SERVICE, http://www.bis.doc.gov/news/2007/padilla02012007.htm)
Export controls are not relics of […]States in the ATP products we export.
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