Session 5.3 Slide 1 Public Right-of-Way – Difficult Ain’t Infeasible Slide 2 Mid-Atlantic ADA Center Leadership Network Joe Ellis DelDOT ADA Construction Compliance Manager Linda Osiecki, M.E., P.E. DelDOT ADA Compliance Design Review Slide 3 Who are you? • Construction – Contractor – Construction Inspector • Design – Engineer – Designer • Federal Government • State, County or Local Government • ADA Advocates & People with Disabilities [image of 2 men on a skyscraper] Slide 4 Why do people with disabilities use pedestrian facilities in the public right-ofway? • Work • School • Shopping/Eating out • Medical Appt. • Transit (bus, train, etc.) • Recreation • The same reasons everyone else does [image of people on a sidewalk in a city, one man has a service animal] Slide 5 ADA Compliance is important Curb Ramps [image of a curb ramp] Slide 6 Sidewalks [image of a sidewalk] Slide 7 Driveways [image of a driveway] Slide 8 Bus Stops [image of a bus stop] Slide 9 Safety [diagram of pedestrian routes to a store] Slide 10 Other considerations Other Users [image of a very steep driveway to a home] Slide 11 Other Condsiderations Drainage [image of a poor drainage on a street and walkway] Slide 12 Acronyms • ADA = Americans with Disabilities Act • ADAAG = Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines – 1991, 2002, 2004/2010 • PAR = Pedestrian Access Route • MUTCD = Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices Slide 13 Acronyms • ROW = Right-of-Way • PROW = Public Right-of-Way • PROWAG = Public Right-of-Way Accessibility Guidelines – 2005, 2011 – FHWA 2006 memo: • • • “recommended best practices” “the state of the practice” “consistent with the ADA’s requirement that all new facilities (and altered facilities to the maximum extent feasible) be designed and constructed to be accessible to and useable by people with disabilities” Slide 14 [images of cars on a highway, a street and a racetrack] Slide 15 [images of apples and oranges, a ramp on a house, a person in a store and a city street] Slide 16 Directions Throughout this presentation, assume for aerial views and maps that north is up. [image of a compass] Slide 17 2+5 Basic Elements for PROW Pedestrian Facilities Slide 18 2 Layout 1. Landings 2. Crossings Slide 19 Landings • 2% x 2% max. in both directions • 5’ x 5’ [images of sidewalks] Slide 20 Landings intersection of one or more pedestrian paths where people may turn Slide 21 Landings where people need to stop and wait before crossing Slide 22 Landings At bottom of stairs [old photograph of Laurel and Hardy who have fallen down some stairs] Slide 23 Landings Adjacent to pedestrian pushbutton [photo of a landing next to a pedestrian pushbutton] Slide 24 [photo of a landing next to a pedestrian pushbutton, showing height range] Slide 25 [photo of a landing next to a pedestrian pushbutton, showing distance from curb range] Slide 26 Sometimes, bigger is not better!! [photo of a man in a wheelchair in crosswalk near pedestrian landing] Slide 27 Landing Not Defined By Joints • Without clearly defined joints, concrete finishing can result in surfaces that are: – Non-planar – Exceed 2% because blended with adjacent ramp Slide 28 Clearly defined joints [photo of police officers in a crosswalk] Slide 29 Crossings Crossing the road is a potential area of conflict between vehicles and pedestrians [photo of landing joints] Slide 30 Crossings Avoid skewed crossings [aerial view of a intersection showing crosswalks and a diagram of an intersection and crosswalks] Slide 31 Skewed Crossings • Increased length of crossing • Resulting increased time needed for pedestrian phase • Makes orientation difficult to impossible for people with vision impairments [diagram of a crosswalk] Slide 32 Crossings Be mindful of pedestrian destinations [aerial view of a street, showing traffic lights, ice cream store, park and crosswalk] Slide 33 Crossings: Be mindful of pedestrian destinations [aerial view of street and interstate highway] Slide 34 Crossings Be mindful of pedestrian destinations Seaside Park, N.J. [aerial view of Seaside Park, NJ] Slide 35 Ocean [photos of beach and pedestrian access ramp to beach] Slide 36 Bay [photos of bay with boats and dock] Slide 37 Crossings [aerial view of intersection and crosswalk] Slide 38 Crossings [photo of crosswalk] Slide 39 Crossings Do not unnecessarily increase the number of times a person has to cross the street [aerial photo of street, showing crossings] Slide 40 Basic Layout Landing(s) + Crossing(s) Slide 41 [diagram of crosswalk] Slide 42 Pedestrian Access Route 1. Width 2. Cross Slope 3. Running Slope 4. Vertical Differences 5. Horizontal Openings Slide 43 Resource • Old Access Board Accessible Rights of Way Guide [image of old Access Board Rights of Way Guide] Slide 44 [drawing depicting effect of excessive cross slope] Slide 45 [old photo of person with a cane near pole] Slide 46 [image of text] Slide 47 Think about barriers in the PAR. [photo of unsafe sidewalk that needs extensive repair] Slide 48 Width [photo of sidewalk that goes around a fire hydrant] Slide 49 [photo of walking aids: wheelchairs, canes, walkers] Slide 50 Width [photo of sidewalk with a bush hanging over it] Slide 51 Resource • Anthropometry of Wheeled Mobility Project – 2010 for the Access Board [image of publication] Slide 52 Unoccupied Mobility Devices • Up to 38.1” [image of chart] Slide 53 Clear Floor Width (Occupied Mobility Devices) • Up to 39.7” [image of chart] Slide 54 Comparison of Widths ADAAG Pinch Point 32” ADAAG Min. Width 36” PROWAG Min. Width 48” PROWAG Preferred Width 60” Slide 55 Cross Slope [photo of sidewalk with device to measure cross slope] Slide 56 [drawing of man in wheelchair navigating over an uneven surface] Slide 57 [photo showing cross slope] Slide 58 [photo showing running slope] Slide 59 Vertical Differences [photo showing uneven sidewalk] Slide 60 Horizontal Openings [photos showing openings in sidewalks] Slide 61 [photo showing opening near a sidewalk] Slide 62 Basic Construction Project Process • Site visits during scoping & design • Questions during scoping & design • Plan Reviews • Questions before and during construction • ADA Inspection after completion [photo of workers repairing curb] Slide 63 Inspection by Construction Personnel • Proactive v. Passive/Reactive – Review layout with contractor – Check Forms – Ask questions before pouring/installation Slide 64 Be sure before you pour. [photo showing incorrect curb construction] Slide 65 ADA Inspection • Curb ramps • Sidewalks • Driveways • Bus Stops • Pedestrian Signals • Crossings Slide 66 Barriers to Compliance • Lack of enforcement • Lack of awareness and education of the disabled community • Lack of public involvement – Requests – Complaints – Contacting legislators and other public officials Slide 67 Barriers to Compliance • Lack of design and coordination before construction • Decision-making without knowledge and training by administrators, designers and construction personnel • Institutional Inertia – “The way we’ve always done it” • Maintenance (or lack thereof) Slide 68 Growing Awareness [images of ADA Center logos and ADA Anniversary logos] Slide 69 Questions? [image of man in wheelchair in a crosswalk] Slide 70 2004 ADAAG 202.3 Alterations. Where existing elements or spaces are altered, each altered element or space shall comply with the applicable requirements of Chapter 2. EXCEPTIONS: …. 2. In alterations, where compliance with applicable requirements is technically infeasible, the alteration shall comply with the requirements to the maximum extent feasible. Slide 71 DOJ 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design (c) To the maximum extent feasible. The phrase "to the maximum extent feasible," as used in this section, applies to the occasional case where the nature of an existing facility makes it virtually impossible to comply fully with applicable accessibility standards through a planned alteration. In these circumstances, the alteration shall provide the maximum physical accessibility feasible. Any altered features of the facility that can be made accessible shall be made accessible. If providing accessibility in conformance with this section to individuals with certain disabilities (e.g., those who use wheelchairs) would not be feasible, the facility shall be made accessible to persons with other types of disabilities (e.g., those who use crutches, those who have impaired vision or hearing, or those who have other impairments). Slide 72 DOJ 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design …[if] the nature of an existing facility makes it virtually impossible to comply fully with applicable accessibility standards through a planned alteration. …provide the maximum physical accessibility feasible. Slide 73 DOJ 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design Any altered features of the facility that can be made accessible shall be made accessible. Slide 74 DOJ 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design If providing accessibility in conformance with this section to individuals with certain disabilities (e.g., those who use wheelchairs) would not be feasible, the facility shall be made accessible to persons with other types of disabilities (e.g., those who use crutches, those who have impaired vision or hearing, or those who have other impairments). Slide 75 DOJ 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design [The proposed work is] Technically Infeasible …[if] existing physical … constraints prohibit modification … [to] full and strict compliance Slide 76 PROWAG R202.3 Alterations. Where existing elements, spaces, or facilities are altered, each altered element, space, or facility within the scope of the project shall comply with the applicable requirements for new construction. Slide 77 PROWAG R202.3.1 Existing Physical Constraints. Where existing physical constraints make it impracticable … to fully comply with the requirements for new construction, compliance is required to the extent practicable … Slide 78 Technically Infeasible For alterations Comply with the requirements for new construction… to the maximum extent feasible. Slide 79 PROW Barriers Slide 80 General Curb Ramp Layout [diagram of general curb ramp layout] Slide 81 Public Right-of-Way – Difficult Ain’t Infeasible Slide 82 Structures Slide 83 [aerial view of several blocks of a city] Slide 84 [photo of a street showing sidewalk, crosswalk, utility poles, curb ramps] Slide 85 [photo of curb ramp] Slide 86 [aerial view of an intersection] Slide 87 [photo of curb ramp] Slide 88 [photo of curb ramp] Slide 89 Stairs Slide 90 [photo of curb ramp and stairs to a building] Slide 91 [photo of curb ramp and stairs to a building] Slide 92 [photo of sidewalk and stairs to a building showing measuring device] Slide 93 [photo of curb ramp and stairs to a building, showing measurements] Slide 94 [photo of sidewalk and stairs to a parking area] Slide 95 Cross Slope [photo of sidewalk and stairs to the street] Slide 96 Equipment & Utilities Slide 97 [aerial view of several blocks of a town] Slide 98 [photo of a curb with no sidewalk] Slide 99 [photo of sidewalk that goes around a utility pole] Slide 100 [photo of sidewalk that goes around a utility pole] Slide 101 [aerial view of several blocks of a town] Slide 102 [photo of a curb ramp] Slide 103 Drainage & Steep Grades Slide 104 [photo of a curb ramp] Slide 105 [photo of a sidewalk under construction] Slide 106 [photo of a sidewalk under construction] Slide 107 [photo of a sidewalk with no curb ramp to the street] Slide 108 [photo of a sidewalk under construction] Slide 109 [photo of a dirt path] Slide 110 Driveway Slide 111 [photo of a driveway] Slide 112 [drawing of a man in a wheelchair navigating over a driveway] Slide 113 [photo of a driveway, showing slope measurements] Slide 114 [photo of a driveway] Slide 115 • Sidewalk Cross Slope: 6%>>2% • Apron: 28% >> 10% OUCH!!!! OUCH!!!! [photo of a driveway with incorrect slope] Slide 116 [diagram of slope] Slide 117 [diagram of slope] Slide 118 [diagram of slope] Slide 119 [diagram of slope] Slide 120 [diagram of slope] Slide 121 [diagram of slope] Slide 122 [photo of a driveway] Slide 123 [photo of a driveway] Slide 124 Shared Use Path Slide 125 [photo of shared use path and curb ramp] Slide 126 [photo of shared use path and curb ramp, showing slope measurement] Slide 127 Curb Ramps Slide 128 [photo of a curb ramp] Slide 129 [diagram of a curb ramp] Slide 130 [photo of a curb ramp] Slide 131 [photo of a curb ramp] Slide 132 Difficult Ain’t Infeasible [photo of a curb ramp] Slide 133 Please share with us your own example locations and how you tackled the challenges. Slide 134 Joe Ellis Office 302-760-2184 Cell 302-382-0424 Joseph.Ellis@state.de.us Linda Osiecki Office 302-760-2342 Cell 302-388-0757 Linda.Osiecki@state.de.us Slide 135 Questions? [photo of a bus shelter]