MicroSoft Excel and Powerpoint Assignments Engineering 161 Joe Mixsell List of Assignments included in these notes. The instructor will inform you which assignments are due for this semester. 1. Tutoring 2. Expense Tracker 3. Suspension System 4. Traffic Analysis 5. Traffic Analysis Presentation 6. Teaching Assistant 7. Inventory Tracking 8. Power Transfer 9. Falling Object 10. Power Transfer Presentation 11. Compounding Interest 12. Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion Table 13. US Population 14. Charge on a Capacitor 15. Student Presentation 16. Trigonometric Table 17. Ideal Gas Law 18. Rocket Trajectory 19. Energy Released by an Earthquake These assignments are described below. These problems can be completed using applications included in MicroSoft’s Office software. You should be able to use Office 2000 or Office 2003 or Office 2007 for your assignments. Once we have completed these assignments and have some familiarity with Office software, we will begin our study of MatLab, a software application specifically focused on solving engineering problems. MicroSoft applications like Excel, Powepoint, Word and Project are essential engineering tools. As an engineer you will use these applications almost daily to report on your projects progress and status, to develop and update budgets, to make presentations to colleagues and managers. As managers, MicroSoft Project gives you a tool to use to manage schedules and dependencies for each of your projects. These tools will also be used in conjunction with web conferencing to network colleagues around the world who are working together on projects. We will get our first assignment using Powerpoint in assignment #5 or #10 or #15. Then we will use it from time to time as we do our MATLAB assignments to report on the results of those assignments. Assignment #1 You are tutoring several students in an engineering class. The instructor has agreed to give you the scores for the five students that you are tutoring for the first half of the 1 course. You’ve decide to develop a spreadsheet for the students entering their scores, and for each student identifying their minimum score, their maximum score and their average score. With the instructor’s mid term data and your analysis, you believe that you will be able to better focus your efforts for each student. The data for each student is provided below. For each student, a, b, c, d, and e, develop a spreadsheet entering the data and determining the minimum score, the maximum score and the average for each student. Label the fields so that each student is identifiable, as well as the minimum, maximum and average score. The instructor has also provided you with the average score of the whole class of 35 students. The scores provided by the instructor follow. The instructor also indicated that the average score for the whole class was 73 out of 100 for the first 10 assignments. Student a: 65, 78, 95, 89, 56, 67, 72, 0, 56, 85 Student b: 72, 78, 83, 85, 77, 75, 71, 81, 89, 67 Student c: 56, 67, 87, 56, 64, 60, 78, 88, 56, 50 Student d: 95, 93, 88, 83, 75, 57, 65, 78, 0, 67 Student e: 67, 75, 75, 88, 56, 45, 46, 52, 63, 67 Use Excel functions, min, max and average to compute the required results. Show that student e is doing the poorest while student b is doing the best. Scale your spreadsheet so that it will print on one sheet of paper, landscape format. Include your name and the fact that this is assignment #1. Create a vertical bar chart showing for each of the assignments the results for each student. Label each series by the appropriate student label, a, b, c, etc. Imbed this chart in your spreadsheet. Assignment #2 You have decided to track your expenses by category day by day. You decided to do this to help get your spending under control. After studying the MicroSoft Excel 2003 application software in Engineering 161, you decided that it would be a good tool to develop your Expense Tracker. You thought that once you had a better understanding of your spending habits, you would be able to develop a budget and ultimately track your spending vs. your budget. You decided to begin by developing your Expense Tracker. The first step will be to determine the categories and subcategories where you want to track your spending. The next step will be to develop the spreadsheet and finally to enter the spending data day by day to track your spending. After four weeks you will start to get some idea where your money is going. 2 After spending some time thinking about the categories and subcategories you arrive at the following; ________________________________ Food Breakfast Lunch Dinner Snacks Groceries Auto Gas Service Insurance Registration Loan payments Parking Lodging Rent or Mortgage Utilities Electricity Gas Water and Sewer Garbage TV Cable Internet Connection Education Tuition Books Supplies Magazines Newspapers Recreations Movies Dinner out Skiing Other Medical Prescriptions Doctor Dentist Clothing Gifts Miscellaneous ______________________________ 3 There may be additional categories or subcategories that you want to add or delete to this list based upon your own spending requirements, or you may want to completely overhaul this list. In any case, once you have developed your Expense Tracker set of spending categories and subcategories, the next step is to develop your spreadsheet using Excel 2003. There is a tradeoff between making the categories too detailed which forces you to record every penny, or too large that you really can’t see your spending habits. The list above should be a reasonable balance but adjust it as you require. If you see the Miscellaneous category growing to large, then readjust your categories and subcategories to capture the spending going into the Miscellaneous bucket. Set up your Expense Tracker spreadsheet to track your daily expenses for the next four weeks and to summarize your expenses on a weekly and monthly basis by category and subcategories. You might also want to see how much you are spending each day through the week. Start your tracking next Monday and continue for 4 weeks. This should give you a pretty good idea of your spending habits. You might miss items like car insurance or registration, but if you decide to continue using this spreadsheet and extend it beyond one month, you will eventually pick up these items. Label all the columns and the various sums in your spreadsheet. Use the Edit Fill feature in Excel to quickly set up your summations. You may want to use colors to separate columns or highlight weekly or monthly results to make your spreadsheet more readable. Since you are recording dollars and cents, so be sure to set the number format to two decimal places. On your spreadsheet be sure to identify Assignment #2 and record your name. Use the landscape printing format to print out your spreadsheet once you have set it up. You will probably need to use several sheets to print out your complete spreadsheet. In Print Preview you can scale your spreadsheet to get it to fit as you want. Assignment #3 In this assignment we will use Excel’s graphing capabilities to plot a dependent variable x as a function of time for several sets of parameters. Graphing functions is an excellent way to develop a better understanding of the behavior of the systems that the equations represent. In this assignment we will study two systems that are represented by the same form of equations. In mechanical engineering an important type of problem is one where a mass M is suspended from a spring with spring constant k and whose motion is damped by a shock absorber D. This could represent the front end suspension system for your automobile. When the mass is displaced from its rest position and then released at some time, t = 0, the resulting motion of the mass will be overdamped, critically damped or underdamped. We aren’t going to worry about what these terms mean at this point. The displacement of the mass comes about when you drive over a pothole for example. When the mass is displaced, energy is induced into the mechanical system. This energy is then over time 4 absorbed by the shock absorber and dissipated as heat. If one drives over a bumpy road for an extended period of time, the shock absorber will get hot. When an auto has a worn shock absorber, the wheel tends to bounce up and down (oscillate) for a long time. This is called the underdamped condition. This mechanical system has an electrical equivalent, the series RLC network, where R stands for resistance, L for inductance of a coil or inductor, and C the capacitance of a capacitor. Both systems have mathematical solutions that satisfy a second order differential equation. These solutions come about because both systems, the mechanical system and the electrical system have two energy storage devices. For the mechanical system the energy storage elements are the mass M and the spring. For the electrical system, the two energy storage devices are the inductor and the capacitor. Both systems contain an element that dissipates the initial energy, for the mechanical system it is the shock absorber, for the electrical system, the resistor R plays that role. The equation that we are going to study is the underdamped or oscillatory mechanical engineering case. For the mechanical system, x will be the vertical displacement of the mass, x=0 is the rest position for the mass. For a typical case, x is then governed by an equation that looks like x(t) = exp (- alpha*time)*sin (omega*time) where alpha and omega are constants determined from the physical properties of the system, i.e., its mass M, the spring constant k and the properties for the shock absorber. For our analysis, omega = 5 and we will want to study the system’s behavior for three values of alpha, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, and for time from 0 seconds to 4 seconds in increments of 0.10 seconds. Therefore there will be 40 values of time and three values of alpha where you will want to evaluate the function x(t). Plot using the Excel line graph the three displacement results on the same graph so that you can easily see the behavior for each value of alpha. Place the chart in your spreadsheet. Label each series with the appropriate value of alpha. Assignment #4. You’ve been able to land a summer job working for the City of Anchorage in the Transportation Department. Your assignment for the summer, June through August, is to measure the average wait times for automobiles at the Tudor and Lake Otis intersection each hour of the day, 5 days each week (Monday through Friday) through the summer. After some thought, you have been able to set up your monitoring equipment and collect data and reduce the data as shown in the table below. Your boss, the Transportation Department head is about to present your data to the mayor and city council and make recommendations regarding the intersection. You’ve decided to use Excel to generate graphs of the average waiting time for your boss to help in the presentation. It has been found experimentally that a ratio of max wait time to min wait 5 time > 4 is generally found frustrating by commuters who use the intersection on a normal basis. Your data looks like this. Midnight starts the clock at 0 hour, average waiting time is in minutes. Data for three months, June through August is thought to be representative for the whole year. Tudor westbound Tudor eastbound Lake Otis northbound Lake Otis southbound 0 1 2 3 4 1.25 1.05 1.33 1.10 1.50 1.05 0.95 1.00 1.20 0.95 1.15 0.95 1.05 1.55 2.05 0.95 1.00 1.00 1.25 1.50 5 6 7 8 9 2.25 2.75 3.50 8.55 9.25 1.25 1.85 2.95 5.55 5.05 2.85 6.35 7.85 9.55 9.05 1.75 2.50 3.05 3.45 3.85 10 11 12 13 14 6.75 5.45 7.75 8.50 7.33 4.75 5.05 6.65 6.75 5.85 7.95 6.25 5.25 5.45 4.95 4.50 5.55 5.95 5.75 5.05 15 16 17 18 6.05 7.65 10.33 9.85 6.85 8.50 10.25 10.75 3.85 5.05 6.85 5.55 6.25 7.85 9.35 10.45 19 20 21 22 23 7.25 5.05 3.25 2.35 1.45 9.55 6.85 3.15 2.45 1.25 5.35 3.05 2.15 1.65 1.15 9.35 7.15 4.00 2.00 1.00 Develop an Excel spreadsheet by entering this data and generating four charts, one each for Tudor west and east bound, and one each for Lake Otis north and southbound. Label your charts so that your boss can easily explain them to the mayor and city council. Are there any conclusions that you can make from the data? Assignment #5 You have just received some bad news. The meeting with the mayor and the city council has been delayed one week and your boss will be out of town all week. He is leaving this 6 afternoon. Your boss has asked you to prepare the presentation materials as your last assignment before heading back to school. You have decided to use MicroSoft’s Powerpoint software to prepare the presentation. You recall that this summer’s project has been an individual one, i.e., staff of one to minimize the cost. It has been largely investigative in nature, trying to understand the traffic flows in the city. You were asked to study several busy intersections in the city to get a better understanding of the traffic patterns. The parameter that you chose to measure was the average waiting time for cars in each direction at the intersection. This report to the mayor and the city council is on the Tudor-Lake Otis intersection. Studies in cities have shown that for busy intersections, a ratio of average max waiting time to average min waiting times > 4 causes a lot of frustration to the commuters and a lot of wasted time. It usually means that something needs to be done to deal with the congestion before it gets even worse. As your study has progressed over the summer you had the opportunity to brainstorm some ideas with the department head should the data show that an intervention is required to alleviate congestion, things like special turn lanes to even an overpass for Tudor or Lake Otis. Now that your boss has left for the week, it is up to you to develop a presentation regarding your work for the summer, the results and possibly even some recommendations to the mayor and the city council. Develop a Powerpoint presentation. Use the AutoContent Wizard and select Projects, then the Reporting Progress or Status example as the starting point for your presentation. This is an excellent format of this type of presentation, i.e., where you are making a status report on a project. The AutoContent Wizard lets you choose a canned presentation in several areas, each with its own format. This is the easiest and fastest way to start using Powerpoint. To modified the content, just click on the area you want to change, it will be highlighted, then go ahead and make the changes you want to customize the presentation to your needs. To add or delete slides, use the Slider Sorter View. Here you can delete slides (right click on a slide and left click on delete) that you don’t want to include or click on the white space between slides to add a new one. You can also click and drag slides to reorder them. Use the Slider Sorter View to add and delete slides to your presentation. Use the Copy and Paste feature in the Edit toolbar to transfer copies of the 4 slides you created in the Assignment #4 into this presentation to illustrate your results. To do this, first go to your Excel spreadsheet from Assignment #4, select one of the charts by clicking on it, then select Edit and Copy. Then return to your Powerpoint presentation, and from the Slide Sorter View, insert a new slide and then Paste from the Edit toolbar. Repeat this procedure 3 more times to copy your charts into your presentation. Use the Slide Sorter View to move slides around as you work on your presentation or add new blank slides. 7 Once you have copied the 4 charts into 4 slides in your presentation, you can stretch the chart to fill the slide so it is easy to read. You can also add a title to each of the four new charts. The AutoContent Wizard gives you a starting point for your presentation. It identifies the typical material found in each type of presentation. We’ve chosen the Projects, Reporting Progress or Status example. Select the slides that you want to use, delete the others, modify the information and add slides as you see fit to make your point. This is your opportunity to create a positive impression on the mayor and city council, Go For It… Assignment #6 You are a teaching assistant (TA) at the University where you are responsible for teaching a lab session of CSE-115. You are to keep track of all your student’s progress in the lab. You decide to use Excel and build a spreadsheet for entering student scores by student ID. You will also need to track the minimum, maximum, and average scores by student ID as well as the averages for each of the five exams that you will give during the semester. Use Excel functions min, max, and average to compute the required results. Highlight which student is doing the best and which is doing the worse. Scale your spreadsheet so it prints on one sheet of paper using landscape format. Be sure to include your name and assignment number at the top of your spreadsheet. Create a vertical bar chart containing the results from the five exams for each student and include this chart in the spreadsheet. There are 25 students in your lab session. The data for the semester by student ID is given below; Student ID 5965 2312 9845 7865 1235 9874 1592 3578 9512 7534 8521 2583 6842 1478 4268 9713 3179 Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Test 5 100 85 75 89 78 69 90 87 70 80 99 88 91 84 75 86 92 78 89 65 85 94 64 80 90 70 88 96 76 82 83 91 73 88 56 65 70 71 80 78 86 88 78 70 75 65 70 72 76 79 87 98 100 90 91 88 85 96 97 90 88 92 96 78 65 88 82 86 100 99 88 77 66 79 89 88 99 78 86 85 95 87 86 85 95 8 5379 1398 1424 2244 6588 7844 9912 1223 86 79 84 95 93 91 87 88 84 85 76 94 86 78 69 80 90 77 85 86 84 78 79 74 78 45 96 65 85 79 80 90 96 94 82 83 76 72 71 80 Assignment #7 You have a new part time job at a sporting goods store in the valley. Your first assignment is to build an inventory control spreadsheet using Excel to track monthly inventory, sales, and determine if it is time to re-order items. You will be tracking 5 inventory categories with each category having several items. See the format below. You will need five columns in addition to your item column to track cost/item, average number sold per month, number in stock, total inventory dollars, and whether to re-order or not, i.e., re-order or stock ok. For this last column, you will have to investigate using conditional logic within a spreadsheet. Use the Excel help feature, enter conditional if in the search box and read about using the conditional if statements. When the number in stock falls below 2 times the average sold per month it is time to reorder as it usually takes 6 weeks to receive the goods from the suppliers. Here’s the data that you have currently when you start your tracking. Cost/item Category 1 Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 Category 2 Item 1 Item 2 Category 3 Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 Item 4 Category 4 Item 1 Item 2 Item 3 Category 5 Average number sold per month Number in Total Dollars Stock-Ok? stock in inventory 699.99 770.00 560.00 2 100 30 20 100 75 599.95 129.95 40 75 80 60 60.95 39.45 300.95 1200.00 80 250 16 2 100 450 40 3 99.95 67.95 19.95 17 85 305 25 150 725 9 Item 1 Item 2 299.95 39.95 35 5 67 15 Use this data to populate your spreadsheet, then calculate Total Inventory Dollars and using the conditional if statement, determine if it is time to reorder or not. Assignment #8 In this assignment you will investigate the power dissipated in a load resistor connected to a battery. Real batteries are made up of a voltage source and a series internal resistor that we will call rs. When a load resistor RL is connected across the battery a current flows and power transferred is given by the expression P = i2 * RL is transferred from the battery and dissipated in the load resistor. In this assignment we will try to determine the value of RL that maximizes P. The relationship between P and RL is given by the following formula; V2 P = -------------- * RL ( RL + rs)2 Where V is the battery voltage, 10 volts, rs is the series resistance of the battery and RL is the load resistance. Using Excel, for three values of rs, rs = 1.5 ohms, 2.0 ohms, and 2.5 ohms and RL from 0 to 10 ohms in increments of 0.5 ohms calculate the power transferred and see if you can determine the value of RL that maximizes the transfer. Use Excel to calculate the power as a function or RL, and plot using the scatter plotting option the P verses RL. Include this chart in your Excel spreadsheet and from the chart, determine the value of RL that maximizes P. What can you say in general about the relationship between rs and RL that maximizes the power transfer? Be sure to include your name and assignment number at the top of your spreadsheet. Assignment #9 In this assignment you will study the distance an object falls as a function of time on the moon and earth. The gravitational constant g for the earth is 9.8 meters/sec/sec while for the moon it is 1.6 meters/sec/sec. The distance the object will fall is given by the relationship; distance = ½ *g * t2 For time t between 0 and 10 seconds in increments of 1 second, calculate using Excel the distance an object will fall on the earth and moon. Then make a chart showing the distance as a function of time for the earth and moon. Place this chart in the Excel spreadsheet. Be sure to label your assignment and put you name on your spreadsheet. 10 Assignment #10 In this assignment, develop a Powerpoint presentation which discusses the results from Assignment #8. You can start your presentation from scratch or use the AutoContent Wizard and pick a slide presentation to modify. If you choose to start using the AutoContent Wizard, use the Slide Sorter view to delete, add or rearrange your slides as appropriate. You may also want to look at the MicroSoft Excel website for potential slide presentation that you could download and modify to fit your need for this assignment. You should include in your presentation slides on the objective of the analysis, a description of the experiment, description of the formula used to calculate the power transfer, your results and your conclusions from the experiment. Five or six slides should be enough. Format your presentation by picking the slide format that you think is appropriate. Be sure to include your name and assignment number on the cover slide of the presentation, print off the presentation and turn it in as assignment #10. Assignment #11 Suppose you deposit $50 per month in a bank account every month for two years. Every month interest at a rate of 1% is added to the balance in the account. Develop an Excel spreadsheet to compute the balance each month for two years. You will need to compute the interest for two cases, the first case is when the deposit occurs before the interest in calculated for each month, and the second case when the deposit occurs after the interest is calculate each month. Your spreadsheet should have three columns, the month, the monthly balance for case 1 and the monthly balance for case 2. Don’t forget to put your name and the assignment number, Assignment #11, at the top of your spreadsheet. Print it out and turn the printout in for credit. Assignment #12 In this assignment you will use Excel to create a Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion Table. For temperatures from -10 Co to +110 Co in increments of 5 degrees create a conversion table to degrees Fahrenheit using the formula, F = 9C/5 + 32. You table should have two columns, the first degrees Celsius, the second degrees Fahrenheit. Don’t forget your name and assignment number at the top of your spreadsheet. Assignment #13 For this assignment, you will estimate the US population from 1790 to 2000 and create a graph of the population growth using Excel. A model use to predict the US population is given by the following formula; 197273000 P = ------------------------1 + e-0 . 03134 ( t – 1913 . 25 ) 11 every 25 years where t in the formula is the date in years, for example 1815. Using Excel create a table where the first column is years from 1790 and the second column is the predicted population. Then create a graph using Excel showing the population growth. Be sure to label your graph and give it a title. Imbed your graph into your spreadsheet, be sure to have your name and assignment number at the top of the sheet and turn it in for credit. Assignment #14 When a resistor ( R), capacitor ( C ) and battery with voltage ( V ) are connected in series, a charge ( Q ) builds up on the capacitor according to the formula; Q = CV(1 – e-t/RC) Assuming there is no charge stored on the capacitor at t = 0. For R = 4, V = 9 and C = 1, calculate using Excel the charge Q stored in the capacitor for 0 ≤ t ≤ 20 seconds in increments of 0.5 seconds. Graph the value of the charge as a function of t and imbed this graph in your spreadsheet. Be sure to put your name and assignment number at the top of your spreadsheet. Assignment #15 Using Powerpoint develop an 8 to 10 slide presentation on one of the following two topics. You choose which topic you want to make the presentation about. Topic 1: Interview a couple of your fellow engineering students, juniors or seniors would be best, and ask them the following questions: a. What was the main difference they found between high school and their engineering study at the University? b. What were the most important new study skills they had to learn? c. What approach do they use to manage their time effectively? d. What do they think about group study? It’s values and benefits? From this information create a Powerpoint presentation of what you have learned. Be creative, suppose you were asked to make the presentation to your classmates. Use the design, color and formatting features to enhance your presentation. Take pictures of your interviewees and put the photos into the presentation. Try jazzing it up a little. Topic 2: Choose something you did this summer, a vacation, a summer job or internship, read a book, a hobby you pursued this summer, took a class, played on sports team, etc. Create a Powerpoint presentation about your summer activity and be prepared to make a presentation to your class. Trying jazzing the presentation up, include a photo, use 12 clipart, use the design, color and formatting features of Powerpoint to enhance your presentation. Assignment #16 In this Excel assignment, create a table of the sin(x), cos(x) and tan(x) for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π in increments of π/8. Additionally, plot the sin(x) and cos(x) functions over the same range and place the graph in the same sheet as the table. Label the axis in your graph, and identify the series with the appropriate function. Be sure to put your name and assignment number at the top of your spreadsheet. Assignment #17 The ideal-gas law Pv = RT describes the behavior of many gases. When solved for v (the specific volume, m3/kg) the equation can be written as v = RT / P Find the specific volume for air, for temperatures from 100 ≤ T ≤ 1000 K in increments of 100 K and for pressures 100 ≤ P ≤ 1000 kPa in increments of 100 kPa. The value of R for air is 0.2870 kJ/(kg K). Your answer should be a two dimensional matrix. Assignment #18 A rocket is launched vertically. At time t = 0, the rocket’s engine shuts down. At this time, the rocket has reached an altitude of 500 meters and is rising at a velocity of 125 meters/second. Gravity now takes over. The height of the rocket, h(t), as a function of time is given by the expression h(t) = - 9.8 t2 / 2 + 125 t + 500 for t > 0. Using Excel, determine the height of the rocket for 0 ≤ t ≤ 30 seconds in increments of one second. Then make a graph of the height vs time for t > 0 until the rockets hits the ground. Put the graph in the sheet with the calculations and label the axis of the graph. Assignment #19 In this assignment, use Excel to determine the energy E in Joules released by an earthquake for a given magnitude, M. The relationship between the magnitude M and the energy released is given by the Richter scale, M = (2/3) log10 (E/104.4) Determine the energy released for 3 ≤ M ≤ 8 and then plot E (y-axis) vs M (x-axis). Use the logarithmic scale for E and a linear scale for M. Label your axis appropriately and 13 add a title to the chart. Be sure to place your name and assignment number in the spreadsheet. From this point we are going to study MATLAB. MATLAB is short for Matrix Laboratory. It is a set of application software from a company called Mathworks, www.mathworks.com. This software is widely used to analyze and model engineering problems both at universities and in industry. It is applicable to all engineering disciplines. As you learn MATLAB you will be able to apply it to just about all your engineering problems during your education. It is a very powerful software application. While being very powerful, it is straightforward to use once the basics are understood. We will only be scratching the surface regarding MATLAB capabilities. Once you build some expertise and confidence, you will be able to expand your knowledge of MATLAB. The Mathworks website offers a number of interesting links for MATLAB users including a list of books for further MATLAB study. For the remainder of Engineering 161 we will be learning the MATLAB basics. You are encouraged to spend time practicing what we are learning by doing the exercises in the computer lab. Of course, you will be asked to do a number of projects to reinforce what you are learning. The best way to learn a programming language is to use it. The more you use it, the more proficient you will become. MATLAB is a registered trademark of TheMathWorks, Inc. 14