HOLLY LIPPKE FRETWELL
3400 Wildbunch
Belgrade MT 59714
(406)579-3658
Adjunct Faculty
Montana State University
Agricultural Economics and Economics
307C Linfield Hall
Bozeman, Montana 59717-2920
(406) 994-3036
hfretwell@montana.edu
Research Fellow
Property and Environment
Research Center (PERC)
2048 Analysis Drive, Suite A
Bozeman, Montana 59718
(406) 587-9591
holly@perc.org
Education:
B. A. Political science, Montana State University, 1987.
M. S. Resource economics, Montana State University, 1993.
Fields of Interest:
Economic curriculum development, natural resource economics, microeconomic theory,
macroeconomic applications, public choice theory, environmental and public land policy, teaching
methodology, and property rights theory.
Employment History:
• Adjunct Faculty, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, fall 2002 – present.
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Adjunct Faculty, Gallatin College, Bozeman, Montana, spring 2013 – present
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Research Fellow, Property and Environment Research Center, Bozeman, Montana, 1996 – present.
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Faculty and guest presenter, Foundation for Teaching Economics, Davis, California, 2000 – present.
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Curriculum development for the Montana Council on Economic Education and the Foundation for
Teaching Economics, 2004 –2011.
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Undergraduate Student Colloquium Director, Property and Environment Research Center, Bozeman,
Montana 2003 – present.
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Writing and review of text supplemental materials for South-Western Cengage Learning and
Thomson South-Western, 2005 – 2007.
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Economic and policy consulting, 1990 –1996, for the following organizations:
• The Center for International Trade in Forest Products
• Montana State University, Montana Agricultural Experiment Station
• Property and Environment Research Center (formerly the Political Economy Research Center)
• Plum Creek Timber
• Washington Citizens for World Trade
• Northwest Economics Associates
Current Projects:
Holly is currently an adjunct faculty member at Montana State University (MSU), Bozeman, where
her recent teaching responsibilities have focused on introductory micro and macro economics. She has
developed the online curriculum for The Economics Way of Thinking (ECNS 101) and The Principles
of Macroeconomics (ECNS 202) at MSU. She teaches both of these courses for the Department of
Agricultural Economics and Economics. Fretwell joined the faculty of Gallatin College in 2013 where
she teaches The Economic Way of Thinking (ECNS 101) each spring semester. She has also taught
MSU courses in natural resource economics, environmental economics, and intermediate
microeconomic theory. She has co-authored curriculum for high school teachers on economic
principles and climate change issues. She was co-author of the Economic Learning Modules for the
Montana Council on Economic Education. Her current teaching focus is integrating technology into
the classroom and bringing the classroom to technology to better meet the needs of contemporary
students.
Publications:
• Anderson, Terry L. and Holly Lippke Fretwell. 2000. A Trust for the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument. The
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Pragmatist. March. Page 3-4.
Anderson, Terry L. and Holly Lippke Fretwell. 1999. A Trust for the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument.
PERC Policy Series. PS-16.Bozeman, Montana: Political Economy Research Center, September.
Berry, Allison and Holly Lippke Fretwell. 2007. “Forests:The Private Role in Public Rights. Fraser Forum, Sept. pg 18-22.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke and Shawn Regan. 2015 “Divided Lands: State vs. Federal Management in the West.” PERC
Public Lands Report. Bozeman, Montana: Property and Environment Research Center, January.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2015. “This Land is Whose Land?,” in Free Market Environmentalism for the Next Generation.
Eds. Terry L. Anderson, and Donald Leal. Palgrave MacMillan Press. New York, NY.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2011. “Funding Parks: Political versus Private Choices.” PERC Case Study. Bozeman, Montana:
Property and Environment Research Center, August.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke . 2009. Who is Minding the Federal Estate?Political Management of America’s Public Lands.”
Lexington Books, Lanham, MD.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2008. “The State of the Parks: Enhancing or Dissipating the Wealth of Nature,” in Accounting for
Mother Nature. Eds. Terry L. Anderson, Laura E. Huggins, and Tomas Michael Power. Stanford University Press.
Stanford, CA.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2007. The Sky’s Not Falling: Why its OK to Chill about Global Warming. World Ahead Media.
Los Angeles, CA.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke and Kimberly Frost. 2006. “State Parks’ Progress Toward
Self-Sufficiency.” Bozeman, Montana: Political Economy Research Center, October.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2006. “Selling Unused Federal Land a Good Idea.” Seattle Post Intelligence and WSJ.com. April
11 and March 22, respectively.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2005. “Lifting a Burden from our National Parks.” New Haven register, Colorado Springs Gazette,
and Mesa Tribune. June.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2004. “Public lands Management,” in PERC Report Card: Environmental and Natural Resource
Policies Bush Administration 2003-2004. Bozeman, Montana: Political Economy Research Center. October.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2004. “Public Land Management,” in 2004 Index of leading Environmental indicator. Ed. Steve
Hayward. Pacific Research Institute and American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy. April.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2003. "State Parks – Untapped Natural Wealth." Intellectual Ammunition. Summer, Vol 12, No. 3.
Published by the Heartland Institute.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke and Michael J. Podolsky. 2003. Duke Environmental Law & Policy Forum. "A Strategy for
Restoring America’s National Parks." Vol XIII, No. 2, Spring.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2002. "Cool Rhetoric but Fiery Acts." The Washington Times. July 21, 2002. B5.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2002. "How Environmental Groups Cause Forest Fires." Intellectual Ammunition. Sept/Oct, Vol
11, No. 3. Published by the Heartland Institute.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2002. "Our Increasingly Abundant Resources." TASIS Alumni News, October.
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Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2002. Harriman State Park: A Model for the Future? PERC Case Study. Bozeman, Montana:
Political Economy Research Center.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2002. The Untouchables: America’s National Forests, in Government vs. Environment. Eds Donal
R. Leal and Roger E. Meiners. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Lanham, MD.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2001. Is No Use Good Use? Public Lands Series IV. Bozeman, Montana: Political Economy
Research Center, May.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2000. Federal Estate: Do We Get What We Pay For? Public Lands Series III. Bozeman, Montana:
Political Economy Research Center, May.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2000. How to Improve Our Federal Parks. Consumer Research. April. Pages 15-19.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 2000. One Spark from Disaster. The Pragmatist. February. Page 14.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 1999. Paying to Play: The Fee Demonstration Program. PERC Policy Series. PS-17. Bozeman,
Montana: Political Economy Research Center, December.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 1999. Forests: Do We Get What We Pay For? Public Lands Series II. Bozeman, Montana: Political
Economy Research Center, July.
Fretwell, Holly Lippke. 1998. The Price We Pay. Public Lands Series I. Bozeman, Montana: Political Economy Research
Center, August.
Fretwell, Holly, and Myles J. Watts. 1997. Montana Property Taxes: An Agricultural Perspective. Montana Policy Review.
Spring. Vol 7, No. 1.
Fretwell and Linda Platts. 1997. Winter Kill in Yellowstone. The Wall Street Journal. January 28.
Fretwell, Holly and Myles J. Watts. 1996. Montana’s Agriculture and Other Basic Industries. Department of Agricultural
Economics and Economics, Montana Extension Service, Montana Agricultural Experiment Station, Montana State
University, Bozeman, Montana, October.
Johnson, Ronald N., Randal R. Rucker, and Holly Lippke. 1995. Expanding U.S. Log Export Restrictions: Impacts on State
Revenue and Policy Implications. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management.29:197-213.
Leal, Donald R. and Holly Lippke Fretwell. 1998. "Q: Should national parks finance their operations through user fees?
Yes: making park operators accountable to users will benefit both man and beast." Insight. December 7.
Leal, Donald R. and Holly Lippke Fretwell.1998. The Real National Parks Story. MediaNomics. March. Vol. 6, Issue 3.
Leal, Donald R. and Holly Lippke Fretwell.1998. Back to the Future to Save Our Park System." The Pragmatist. Vol 13,
No. 4, February.
Leal, Donald R. and Holly Lippke Fretwell.1997. Back to the Future to Save Our Parks. PERC Policy Series. PS10.Bozeman, Montana: Political Economy Research Center, June.
Leal, Donald R. and Holly Lippke Fretwell. 1997. Users Must Pay to Save Our National Parks. Consumer’s Research.
August. 16-19, 24.
Lippke, Bruce R. and Holly Lippke Fretwell. 1997. The Market Incentive for Biodiversity. Journal of Forestry. January.
Vol. 95. No 1. 4-7.
Lippke, Holly Linn. 1993. Timber Price and Trade Impacts From Declining USFS Sales and the State Log Export Ban.
Prepared for Washington Citizens for World Trade. Seattle, Washington. April.
Lippke, Holly Linn. 1994. The Economic Effects of the Forest Resources Conservation and Shortage Relief Act on Timber
Prices. 25A. Center for International Trade in Forest Products, University of Washington, College of Forest Resources,
Seattle, Washington. May.
Perez-Garcia, John, Holly Lippke Fretwell, Bruce Lippke, and Xiaoming Yu. 1994. The Impact in Domestic and Global
Markets of a Pacific Northwest Log Export Ban or Tax. Center for International Trade in Forest Products, University of
Washington, College of Forest Resources, Seattle, Washington, June.
Conferences and Seminars:
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Presenter, Property and Environment Research Center (PERC), undergraduate student colloquium, 1998-present and
Director 2003-present.
Guest speaker, Students for Liberty various regional meetings, 2013-2015.
Presenter, “The National Park Service at 100: Back to the Future of America’s National Parks,” Property and Environment
Research Center (PERC) workshop. Bozeman, Montana. November, 2014.
Faculty, Annual Teacher Workshop, Montana Council for Economic Education. Bozeman, Montana, June 2006- 2008 and
2010-2013.
Speaker, Society of Environmental Journalist Annual Conference. Missoula, Montana. October, 2010.
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Faculty, Environmental Economic Workshop, University of Wisconsin, Parkside. January, 2007.
Speaker, PERC Environmental Journalist seminars on Free Market Environmentalism. Montana 1998 - 2006.
Participant, “The Wealth of Nature: Maximizing It or Dissipating It?” PERC Political Economy Forum. Chico, Montana.
June, 2005.
Speaker, Kinship Conservation Institute. Bozeman, Montana. June, 2001-2005.
National Business and Economic Issues Council Quarterly Meeting. "Environmental Trends and the next 50 years." Big
Sky, MT. August 12, 2003.
Western Forest Economists Annual Meeting. "Markets for Nature." Wemme, OR. May 5-7, 2003.
MEA-MFT Educator’s Conference. "Stimulating Innovative Solutions to Environmental Issues." Missoula, MT. October
17, 2002.
Guest speaker, Interior West Fire Council Annual Meeting. "Market Ideals for Public Land Management." Boise, ID.
October 8, 2002.
Speaker, seminar for Congressional Staff Members, "Federal vs. State: Charter proposals." Sponsored by PERC. March 8,
2002.
Guest, Jim Lehrer News Hour, discussing Wildlands Fire Policy. Public Broadcasting Systems. August 17, 2001.
Speaker, "Economic Development and Environmental Responsibility" at the forum for Global Environmental Issues,
Sponsored by Montana Center for International Visitors. Bozeman, MT. August 16, 2001.
Speaker, Bureau of Land Management Executive Leadership Team Annual Conference. Market Incentives for Federal
Lands Management. Sheridan, Wyoming. June 5, 2001.
Keynote Speaker, Fourth Annual National Forest Counties Coalition Conference. Reno, NV. March 19, 2001.
Speaker, State-Based Environmentalism Legislative Focus Event. Luncheon for Idaho legislators, Boise, ID. Sponsored by
PERC, in conjunction with the Council for State Governments-West. March 1, 2001.
Speaker, University of Idaho, College of Natural Resources sustainable development seminar series. How markets can
encourage sustainable forest production. Moscow, ID. February 28, 2001.
Speaker, National Bureau of Economic Indicators Committee (NBEIC) quarterly meeting. Potential impact of Past Federal
Lands Management, Environmental Effects, and Possible Changes Under the New Administration. Hawaii. February 6,
2001.
Speaker, State-Based Environmentalism Legislative Focus Event, Cheyenne, WY. Sponsored by PERC, in conjunction
with the Council for State Governments-West . January 26, 2001.
Testified on "The Future of the Forest Service" before the U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on Resources,
Subcommittee on Forest and Forest Health. September 21, 2000.
Speaker, seminar for Congressional Staff Members, "Federal Estate: Is Bigger Better?" Sponsored by PERC. July 11,
2000.
Lecturer, Northern Arizona University, Laird Norton Lecture Series, "Changing the Paradigm: Sustainable Forestry in the
Intermountain West. Flagstaff, AZ. April 12, 2000.
Panel participant, Federalist Society, Forum on Public Lands. Moscow Idaho. February 1, 2000.
Speaker, seminar for Congressional Staff Members, "Forests: Do We Get What We Pay For?" Sponsored by the Political
Economy Research Center. September 13, 1999.
Panel participant, discussion with the League of Conservation Voters Board of Directors, "Public Lands," Washington,
D.C. September 13, 1999.
Speaker at "New Market Mechanisms for Managing Forests for High Conservation Values." Conference sponsored by
Forest Trends in Victoria, British Columbia, June 1999.
Lecturer, annual student seminar on "Free Market Environmentalism," 1998–1999, and 2001-02. Public Land Policy.
Sponsored by PERC. Bozeman, MT.
Speaker, seminar for Congressional Staff Members, "Back to the Future to Save Our Parks." Sponsored by PERC.
February 27, 1998.
Testified on "Fee Demonstration Programs — Successes and Failures," before the Subcommittee on National Parks and
Public Lands, U.S. Congress, February 26, 1998.