Global History 2R
Mr. Scapelliti
Arab/Israeli Conflict Identifications
Name:
Use the World History book pp. 1017-1021 to define the following terms & events, and/or identify the
following individuals. Do your best!

Diaspora: the dispersal of Jews from their homeland in Palestine

Zionism: a movement founded in the 1890s to promote the establishment of a Jewish homeland
in Palestine

The Balfour Declaration: the idea of creating a Jewish homeland in Palestine

Partitioning of Palestine: Divided Palestine into a Jewish state and a Palestinian state (1947)

1st Arab/Israeli war: The day after Israel proclaimed itself a state, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon,
Saudi Arabia and Syria invaded Israel (1948). The war ended within months in a victory for
Israel.

1956 Suez Crisis: Egypt seized control of the Suez Canal. British made agreement with France
and Israel to retake the canal. Israelis marched on the Canal and defeated the Egyptians. Due to
pressure from the world community, Israel and the Europeans withdrew from Egypt. This left
Egypt in control of the Suez Canal.

Six-Day War: Egypt and their Arab allies, armed with Russian tanks and aircrafts was ready to
confront Israel. Egypt’s goal was close off the Gulf of Aqaba, Israel’s outlet to the Red Sea.
Convinced that the Arabs were about to attack, the Israelis attacked airfields in Egypt, Iran,
Jordan, and Syria. Safe from air attacks, Israeli forces struck on the ground. Israel was victorious.
(1973)

Anwar Sadat: President of Egypt during the fourth Arab-Israeli conflict (Yom Kippur War).
(1973)

Golda Meir: Prime Minister of Israel during the Yom Kippur War (1973)

Yom Kippur War: Anwar Sadat planned a joint Arab attack on Israel on the date of Yom Kippur
(a Jewish holy day). The Israelis were caught by surprise. The war lasted several weeks resulting
in Israel taking back most of its lost territory.

P.L.O.: Palestine Liberation Organization; pushed for the formation of a Palestinian state

Yasir Arafat: Chairman of P.L.O in 1969. Through out the 1960s and 1970s the P.L.O carried
out several attacks against Israel.

Camp David Accords: Signed in 1979, the Camp David Accords ended the hostility between
Israel and Egypt. Egypt agreed to recognize Israel as a state. Israel returned the Sinai Peninsula to
Egypt.

Intifada: A widespread campaign of civil disobedience by the Palestinians in 1987.

Oslo Peace Accords: In 1993, peace agreement signed by Rabin and Arafat. Rabin (Israel’s
prime minister) agreed to grant the Palestinians self-rule in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.