Midterm Study Guide Part C (Ch. 5)
7th Grade Life Science
Name_______________________
Date______ Period_____
Directions: Answer each of the following questions in complete sentences or fill in
the blank with the correct term.
1) _________ is the passing of traits from parent to offspring. (p. 114)
2) Mendel discovered the principles of ________ in the monastery _________. (p.
114)
3) Why did Mendel decide to study one kind of organism? (p. 114)
4) What is a self-pollinating plant? (p.115)
5) What is a true-breeding plant? (p. 115)
6) What is cross-pollination? (p. 115)
7) A ___________ is a feature that has different forms in a population. (p. 116)
8) The different forms of a characteristic are known as _________. (p. 116)
9) In his first experiments, Mendel crossed _____ plants to study ___ different
characteristics. (p.117)
10) What is the difference between a dominant and recessive trait? (p. 117)
11) What are first generation plants? (p. 117)
12) A ______ is a relationship between 2 different numbers that is often expressed as
a fraction. (p. 118)
13) A ______ is one set of instructions for an inherited trait. (p. 120)
14) What is an allele? (p. 120)
15) What is the difference between phenotype and genotype? (p. 120-121)
16) __________ _________ are used to organize all the possible combinations of
offspring from particular parents. (p. 121)
17) A plant with 2 dominant or 2 recessive alleles is said to be __________. (p. 121)
18) A plant that has the genotype Pp is said to be ____________. (p. 121)
19) What is probability? (p. 122)
20) When one trait is not completely dominant over another, but each allele has its
own degree of influence, __________ ___________ is occurring. (p.124)
21) What is meiosis? (p. 126)
22) Each human sex cell contains ______ chromosomes. (p. 127)
23) When human sex cells combine, the new cell will have ___chromosomes.(p. 127)
24) Genes are located on ___________. (p. 127)
25) ________ chromosomes carry genes that detertmine sex. (p. 131)
26) Female sex chromosomes are _____ _____. (p.131)
27) Male sex chromosomes are _____ _____. (p. 131)
28) What is a pedigree? (p. 132)
29) Complete the following crosses:
a) In wild horses, brown color is dominant over black. Cross a heterozygous male
with a homozygous black female. Record your phenotype, genotype, and ratio.
Genotype:
Punnett Square:
Phenotype:
Ratio:
b) In sea lions, an oily coat is dominant over a dry coat. Cross 2 heterozygous sea
lions. Record your phenotype, genotype, and ratio.
Genotype:
Punnett Square:
Phenotype:
Ratio:
c) In foxes, red fur is dominant over grey fur. Cross a homozygous dominant with a
homozygous recessive. Record your phenotype, genotype, and ratio.
Genotype:
Punnett Square:
Phenotype:
Ratio:
d) In mountain lions, long tails are recessive to short tails. Cross 2 heterozygous
mountain lions. Record your phenotype, genotype, and ratio.
Genotype:
Punnett Square:
Phenotype:
Ratio:
e) In pine trees, long pine needles are dominant over short pine needles. Cross a
heterozygous pine tree with a homozygous recessive pine tree. Record your
phenotype, genotype, and ratio.
Genotype:
Punett Square:
Phenotype:
Ratio: