BOT 105
Name: ____________

P LANT B IOLOGY
Key______________________

Summer Term 2002
Exam 2
1. Use the following diagram to answer the questions.
O2 + 2[H]
Enzyme
H2 O
a. Name this type of reaction
Redox or Oxidation – reduction Reaction
b. Name the substrate that gets reduced
O2
c. Name the substrate that gets oxidized
H
d. Which side of the equation (Left or Right of the arrow) has a higher
Potential Energy?
Left
2. Enzymes are biologically essential because:
a. They defy the Laws of Thermodynamics.
b. They decrease the Activation Energy of reactions.
c. They create Potential Energy.
d. They increase the Activation Energy of a reaction.
3. In Respiration, the molecule NAD+ serves which of the following two roles:
a. Cofactor, electron acceptor
b. Enzyme, electron acceptor
c. Cofactor, electron donor
d. Enzyme, electron donor
4. Describe three major differences between Aerobic and Anaerobic
Respiration.
Aerobic
Anaerobic
Oxygen
No Oxygen
More ATP made
Less ATP made
Glycolysis, Kreb, ETC
Glycolysis
Part Occurs in Mitocondria Occurs in Cytoplasm
Eukaryotes, not Prokaryotes
Both
1
BOT 105
Name: ____________
Key______________________
5. Answer the following questions about the carbon skeleton of glucose.
a. What is the ultimate fate of the six carbons that formed the backbone
of the original glucose molecule during Glycolysis?
2, 3 carbon Pyruvates
b. What has occurred to those carbons by the end of the Krebs cycle?
All turn into CO2
6. Name the process(es) which each of the following statements describes
(Choices: Glycolysis, Acetyl CoA conversion, Krebs Cycle, Electron
Transport Chain (ETC))
a. Generates reducing power in the form of NADH and FADH2
Krebs Cycle
b. Produces ATP
Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, ETC
c. Begins and ends with a 4-carbon molecule
Krebs Cycle
d. A catabolic pathway that breaks down glucose to pyruvate in the
cytoplasm.
Glycolysis
e. The means by which the three carbons from pyruvate enter the
mitochondria.
Acetyl CoA Conversion
f. Involves the process of chemiosmosis.
ETC
g. A series of oxidation/reduction reactions that result in a proton
gradient across the inner membrane of the mitochondria.
ETC
h. The means by which primitive organisms underwent cellular
respiration in a pre-oxygen atmosphere
Glycolysis
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BOT 105
Name: ____________
Key______________________
7. Describe the purpose of the Electron Transport Chain (ETC). In your
answer, define the oxidative phosphorylation and explain why oxygen in
needed.
The purpose of the ETC is to produce an electrochemical potential
gradient of H+ across the membrane. Oxygen is the final electron
acceptor in the ETC. And oxidative phosphorylation is making
ATP with the potential created by the ETC.
8. Name the specific location(s) of each of the following processes:
a. Glycolysis
Cytosol / Cytoplasm
b. Krebs Cycle
Matrix of Mitochondria
c. Respiration Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
Inner Membrane of Mitochondria
d. Light Reactions
Thylokoid of Chloroplast
e. Calvin Cycle in C3 Plants
Stroma of Mesophyll Chloroplast
f. Calvin Cycle in C4 Plants
Stroma of Bundle Sheath Chloroplast
g. Calvin Cycle in CAM Plants
Stroma of Mesophyll Chloroplast
9. Using the diagram provided, answer each statement with a number
corresponding to the site on the figure.
a. 4 or 5 Which number corresponds to plastocyanin, which is reduced
by the cytochrome complex and shuttles electrons to Photosystem I?
b. __1_ Where do electrons first get energized, corresponding to
excitement of Photosystem II by light energy?
c. 4 or 5 Where is ATP made?
d. __6_ Where do electrons get energized by sunlight a second time,
corresponding to Photosystem I?
e. 8 or 9 Which number represents the stage at which NADPH is made?
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BOT 105
Name: ____________
Key______________________
10. Respond to the following statements with one of these answer choices: ATP,
NADPH, NADP, NAD, NADH.
a. What molecule is a product of the Light reactions and is responsible
for phosphorylation of carbon skeletons in the Calvin cycle?
ATP
b. What molecule provides energy for the regeneration of RuBP from
G3P?
ATP
c. What molecule is a product of the Light reactions and is responsible
for reduction or donation of H+ to carbon skeletons in the Calvin
cycle?
NADPH
d. Which product of the Calvin cycle is used to make NADPH in the
light reactions?
NADP
11. Extreme Thermophiles, extreme Halophiles, and Methanogens belong in the
a. Domain Archaea
b. Domain Bacteria
c. Domain Eukarya
d. Domain Fungi
e. Domain Plantae
f. Domain Protista
12. Purple Sulfur Bacteria
a. are Chemosynthetic autotrophs
b. use light energy to break H2O
c. use light energy to break H2S
d. have Photosystem I but not Photosystem II
e. have Photosystem II but not Photosystem I
f. b and e
g. c and d
13. What is the typical Life Style for most Fungus?
a. Sporic
b. Gametic
c. Zygotic
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BOT 105
Name: ____________
Key______________________
14. Answer the following questions as True or False in accordance with the
Endosymbiotic Theory.
a. False Over time, DNA from the host cell gets transferred to the
endosymbiont’s nucleus
b. False Endosymbiosis is a relationship that can be described in terms
of a host and a parasite
c. False All organelles of eukaryotes are thought to have evolved from
symbiotic relationships
d. True Mitochondria originated from bacteria
15. ________________ are thought to be the photosynthetic partners in the
Endosymbiotic formation of modern Eukaryotic plant cells
because_____________.
a. Chloroplasts; they have Thylokoids
b. Cyanobacteria; they have the same pigments as modern Eukaryotic
plant cells
c. Prochlorates; they have the same pigments as modern
Eukaryotic plant cells
d. Chloroplats; they have the same pigments as modern Eukaryotic
plant cells
e. Cyanobacteria; they have Thylokoids
f. Prochlorates; they have Thylokoids
16. Lichens undergo meiosis in
a. Zygosporangia
b. Basidium (Basidiocarp)
c. Ascocarp
d. Soredia
e. Lichens don’t sexually reproduced
17. A symbiotic relationship between plant roots and fungal hyphae in which the
hyphae enter the cells of the cortex.
a. Lichens
b. Endomycorrhizae / VAM
c. Ectomycorrhizae
d. Yeast
e. Both b and c
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BOT 105
Name: ____________
Key______________________
18. In symbiotic relationships between plants and fungus, the fungus supplies
___________ to the plant.
a. Carbon dioxide and water
b. Carbohydrates and vitamins
c. Water and minerals
d. Secretory acids
e. Haustoria
19. Which of these abilities allows lichens to live in harsh conditions?
a. absorb minerals from the soil
b. live heterotrophically
c. dry out completely
d. parasitism of higher plants
e. rapid growth rate
20. Answer the statements about Brown algae as either True or False.
a. True Many have a bladder is used to help the alga stay up-right
b. False Brown algae are mainly freshwater algae
c. False Carageenan is a product of brown algae
d. True Brown algae have cells that are specialized for conducting
compounds around its body internally
e. True Mannitol is an important carbohydrate for transport
21. In Greens, the pyrenoid is the site of:
a. Carbohydrate storage
b. Flagellum insertion
c. Lipid storage
d. Mitosis
e. Chloroplast endoplasmic reticulum
22. The Chloroplasts of a Cryptomonad are thought to have been acquired by
Secondary Endosymbiosis. Name the symbiont and the evidence presented
to support that claim.
Red algae is thought to be the photosymbiont in Cryptomonads.
Evidence found in their similar pigments and the chloroplasts of
Cryptomonads have 3 membranes instead of the normal 2.
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BOT 105
Name: ____________
Key______________________
23. Fill in the blanks in the chart.
Phylum
Haptophyta
Haptophytes
Bacillariophyta
Diatoms
Chrysophyta
Chrysophytes
Phaeophyta
Brown algae
Pigments
Ca, Cc,
fucoxanthin
Ca, Cc,
fucoxanthin
Ca, Cc,
fucoxanthin
Ca, Cc,
fucoxanthin
Food
Flag
Chryso 0 or 2
lam.
Chryso 0
lam.
Chryso 2
lam.
Laminarin 0
Cell Wall
Cellulose
calcified
Silica
Silica or
cellulose
Cellulose in
algin
24. Name 3 ways in which a typical photosynthetic member of the Euglenophyta
is different from a typical photosynthetic member of the Dinophyta.
Characteristics
Euglenophyta
Dinophyta
Pigments
Ca, Cb, Carotinoids
Ca, Cc, Peridinin
Flagella
1 functional
2 or 0
Food Storage
Paramylon
Starch
Cell Wall
No Cell Wall
Cellulose Plates
Eyespot
Yes
No
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