Chapter 11
Quiz
Introductory
Text
Question 1
Which one of the following statements best represents Edward Lee Thorndike's concept
of connectionism?
Type:
Hint:
Multiple
Choice
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incorrect answers:
Question 2
Answer
Graded
As
He compiled and categorized anecdotal accounts of animals that showed
and thereby proved animals were capable of human levels of intelligence.
Incorrect
He showed through controlled laboratory experiments that when an animal
makes some response, if it is rewarded, it is learned. But if it is not
rewarded, the response gradually disappears.
Correct
He discovered that of several responses an animal makes to the exact
same situation the one least often connected to reward will be the one that
recurs.
Incorrect
He demonstrated that animals could be properly investigated only in their
natural settings, not in the artificial confines of the laboratory.
Incorrect
Hint:
Multiple
Choice
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New Directions in Animal Psychology - p. 354
Answer
Graded As
a purely behavioral psychology with no reference to physiology
Incorrect
the anecdotal method of research
Incorrect
the law of effect and the law of exercise
Incorrect
classical conditioning
Correct
Feedback
John Broadus Watson's criticisms of mentalistic psychology included all of the
following except ________.
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Multiple
Choice
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Question 4
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Ivan Petrovich Pavlov's technical contribution to the psychology of learning was the discovery of
________.
Type:
Question 3
New Directions in Animal Psychology - pp. 351-352
The Rise of Behaviorism - p. 361
Answer
Graded
As
because the animals could not, psychologists themselves described the
conscious contents for observed animal behavior
Incorrect
mentalistic psychology could not define questions it could convincingly
answer
Incorrect
mentalistic psychology used only terms of stimulus and response, habit
formation and integration
Correct
the methods used in mentalistic psychology could not give reproducible
results
Incorrect
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Watson's definition of what psychology ought to be from the behaviorist's point of view included
which one of the following?
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Multiple
Choice
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Question 5
The Rise of Behaviorism - pp. 360-362
Answer
Graded
As
Its aim is the prediction and control of all behavior.
Correct
In its quest for a universal scheme of animal response, there is a distinct
dividing line between man and brute.
Incorrect
Introspection forms only a part, but an essential part, of its methods.
Incorrect
It takes into account the fact of mind, consciousness, mental states,
imagery, and the like.
Incorrect
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By 1930 behaviorism was well established as the dominant viewpoint in experimental psychology.
The central problem to be addressed in the following decades would be ________.
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Multiple
Choice
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The Golden Age of Theory - p. 369
Answer
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As
perception, what it is and how it affects human understanding of the world
Incorrect
group dynamics, its effects within and between social groups
Incorrect
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consciousness, to establish its existence and define its place in both animal Incorrect
and human psychology
learning, the process by which people adjust to the environment and
change in the interest of social control or therapy
Question 6
A specific recipe for doing science was called logical positivism. It required of the behaviorists all
of the following except ________.
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Hint:
Multiple
Choice
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Question 7
Type:
Multiple
Choice
Correct
The Golden Age of Theory - p. 371
Answer
Graded
As
to operationally define one's theoretical terms by linking them to terms of
observation
Incorrect
to state a theory as a set of axioms from which predictions can be drawn
Incorrect
to carry out experiments to test a theory's predictions
Incorrect
to establish theoretical terms that refer not only to classes of behavior, but
also to mental entities
Correct
Feedback
Which one of the following anticipated the information-processing account of mind when, in 1948
he described it as "a central control room" in which "incoming impulses are usually worked over
and elaborated … into a cognitive-like map of the environment"?
Hint:
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The Golden Age of Theory - p. 375
Answer
Graded As
I. P. Pavlov
Incorrect
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Question 8
John B. Watson
Incorrect
Edward Chace Tolman
Correct
Robert Yerkes
Incorrect
Which one of the following statements about Clark Leonard Hull is true?
Hint:
Type:
Multiple
Choice
Question 9
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Answer
Graded
As
He set out to prove that the claims of philosophy, both idealistic and
materialistic, could be precisely tested against observations.
Incorrect
He rejected the idea that human will can be found in the basic entities of
theoretical physics, such as electrons and protons.
Incorrect
He believed that one should use mathematics to describe and understand
the cognitive powers.
Correct
He was unimpressed by machinery and was convinced that machines
could never think.
Incorrect
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Burrhus Frederick Skinner defined an innovative and radical methodology, or shared exemplar, in
his Behavior of Organisms. Which of the following statements is not true about this methodology?
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Question 10
The Golden Age of Theory - pp. 376-377
After the Golden Age - p. 387
Answer
Graded
As
He chose an experimental situation that preserved the fluidity of behavior,
refusing to chop it up into arbitrary and artificial "trials."
Incorrect
He sought to exert maximal control over the organism's environment, so
that he may manipulate or hold constant independent variables and thus
directly observe how they change behavior.
Incorrect
He chose a very complex but wholly natural response for study.
Correct
He defined rate of responding as the basic datum of analysis.
Incorrect
Feedback
After World War II, the state of psychology was criticized for all of the following
reasons except ________.
Type:
Hint:
Multiple
Choice
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incorrect answers:
After the Golden Age - p. 382
Answer
Graded
As
experimental psychology was in stagnation because there was nothing left
to discover, having proven existing theories
Correct
the standard S–R chaining theory of complex behaviors was impossible
because of the relatively slow transmission of nervous impulses from
receptor to brain and back to effector
Incorrect
experimental psychologists were increasingly preoccupied with rat learning, Incorrect
which without studies of other species, placed the generality of laboratory
findings in suspicion
species-specific behaviors such as imprinting were not the exclusive result
Incorrect
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of either learning or instinct, and thereby escape all existing learning theory